Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.53702/2375-5717-33.1.8
Wesley C. Lockhart
This case report covers a nonagenarian who was in otherwise good health before a significant ankle fracture that required surgery and a prolonged rehabilitation due to the trauma, surgery and colitis. She developed or exacerbated a postural imbalance due to deconditioning, unequal leg length due to immobilization, and shoulder pain due to the use of a walker. This case report also covers the osteopathic manipulative treatments used.
{"title":"A Case Study of Postural Imbalance with Lymphatic Congestion Which Responded to OMT","authors":"Wesley C. Lockhart","doi":"10.53702/2375-5717-33.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53702/2375-5717-33.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This case report covers a nonagenarian who was in otherwise good health before a significant ankle fracture that required surgery and a prolonged rehabilitation due to the trauma, surgery and colitis. She developed or exacerbated a postural imbalance due to deconditioning, unequal leg length due to immobilization, and shoulder pain due to the use of a walker. This case report also covers the osteopathic manipulative treatments used.","PeriodicalId":341091,"journal":{"name":"The AAO Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125739945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.53702/2375-5717-32.4.10
R. J. Hruby
{"title":"From the Editor","authors":"R. J. Hruby","doi":"10.53702/2375-5717-32.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53702/2375-5717-32.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":341091,"journal":{"name":"The AAO Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116776358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.53702/2375-5717-32.4.33
Karen T. Snider
{"title":"Thomas L. Northup Lecture: Integrating Osteopathic Principles into Patient Care: An Approach for All Specialties","authors":"Karen T. Snider","doi":"10.53702/2375-5717-32.4.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53702/2375-5717-32.4.33","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":341091,"journal":{"name":"The AAO Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128304264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.53702/2375-5717-32.4.19
Teodor Huzij
The prohibition of touch in psychiatry has multiple origins. The most prominent advocate for an interdiction on touch has been Sigmund Freud and the legacy of psychoanalysis. Scientism, dualism, and medicolegal concerns have also promoted a touch taboo in psychiatry. However, it is evident that non-sexual physical touch is vital for human health; studies of touch in children and adults have shown numerous health benefits physically and psychologically. A discussion of ethical principles in light of the use of touch in psychiatry is provided. Several theoretical paradigms do utilize touch in treating patients and are reviewed including the medical model, body-psychotherapies, and osteopathic medicine. The osteopathic philosophy provides a lens through which the osteopathic physician both assesses and provides rational treatment to the patient. In addition to this philosophy, osteopathic physicians are extensively trained in osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT). Osteopathic physicians have treated patients with psychiatric disorders with OMT and other treatments for nearly 150 years. The unique osteopathic model of care contrasts with the long-standing prohibition of touch with psychiatric patients and thereby provides a rational approach to the use of touch in psychiatry. The reasoned recommendations for osteopathic psychiatrists using touch clinically include consent, context, and competency considerations.
{"title":"The Touch Taboo: Origins for the Prohibition of Touch in Psychiatry and a Rational Osteopathic Approach","authors":"Teodor Huzij","doi":"10.53702/2375-5717-32.4.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53702/2375-5717-32.4.19","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The prohibition of touch in psychiatry has multiple origins. The most prominent advocate for an interdiction on touch has been Sigmund Freud and the legacy of psychoanalysis. Scientism, dualism, and medicolegal concerns have also promoted a touch taboo in psychiatry. However, it is evident that non-sexual physical touch is vital for human health; studies of touch in children and adults have shown numerous health benefits physically and psychologically. A discussion of ethical principles in light of the use of touch in psychiatry is provided. Several theoretical paradigms do utilize touch in treating patients and are reviewed including the medical model, body-psychotherapies, and osteopathic medicine. The osteopathic philosophy provides a lens through which the osteopathic physician both assesses and provides rational treatment to the patient. In addition to this philosophy, osteopathic physicians are extensively trained in osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT). Osteopathic physicians have treated patients with psychiatric disorders with OMT and other treatments for nearly 150 years. The unique osteopathic model of care contrasts with the long-standing prohibition of touch with psychiatric patients and thereby provides a rational approach to the use of touch in psychiatry. The reasoned recommendations for osteopathic psychiatrists using touch clinically include consent, context, and competency considerations.","PeriodicalId":341091,"journal":{"name":"The AAO Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132637152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.53702/2375-5717-32.4.48
A. Chila
Since the advent of Medicare in 1965, the concept of quality of care in medical practice in the United States has been under review, and a revision of ideas and responsibilities to the patient (consumer) has had a major impact on the system of delivery. In little, more than ten years, there have been major changes in the health care system in the United States, with a necessary delineation of the contributions to total health care of followers of two separate and distinct philosophies of medicine that are coexistent and recognized equally by the legislation of the United States. The purpose of this paper is to consider the quality of care rendered by the minority school of medicine through the services of the osteopathic community hospital and possible methods of improving it.
{"title":"Quality of Care: An Assessment of the Contributions of Osteopathic Medicine","authors":"A. Chila","doi":"10.53702/2375-5717-32.4.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53702/2375-5717-32.4.48","url":null,"abstract":"Since the advent of Medicare in 1965, the concept of quality of care in medical practice in the United States has been under review, and a revision of ideas and responsibilities to the patient (consumer) has had a major impact on the system of delivery. In little, more than ten years, there have been major changes in the health care system in the United States, with a necessary delineation of the contributions to total health care of followers of two separate and distinct philosophies of medicine that are coexistent and recognized equally by the legislation of the United States. The purpose of this paper is to consider the quality of care rendered by the minority school of medicine through the services of the osteopathic community hospital and possible methods of improving it.","PeriodicalId":341091,"journal":{"name":"The AAO Journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127841078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.53702/2375-5717-32.4.11
Gabriel Berenbeim, Jose S. Figueroa
Transmural inflammation in Crohn’s disease can lead to stricturing of the bowel which may result in an obstruction and perforation of the intestines. Emergent surgery is indicated to amend a perforation but complications, such as edema, can limit a surgeon’s ability to close the abdominal wall. In such a case, the open wounds may heal by secondary intent where new tissue is laid down from the base upwards. This case report describes a 23-year-old woman completing her Bachelor of Arts in dance with a past medical history of stricturing and inflammatory ileocolonic Crohn’s disease who presented to the osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM)/Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R) clinic for multiple open abdominal wounds and weakness. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case report detailing the benefits of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) to healing open abdominal wounds, increasing flexibility and physical fitness, and improving the mental health of an individual who required prompt rehabilitation to return to the high-level of fitness required to pursue a career as a professional dancer.
{"title":"The Role of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine in the Rehabilitation of a Competitive Dancer after a Major Abdominal Surgery","authors":"Gabriel Berenbeim, Jose S. Figueroa","doi":"10.53702/2375-5717-32.4.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53702/2375-5717-32.4.11","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Transmural inflammation in Crohn’s disease can lead to stricturing of the bowel which may result in an obstruction and perforation of the intestines. Emergent surgery is indicated to amend a perforation but complications, such as edema, can limit a surgeon’s ability to close the abdominal wall. In such a case, the open wounds may heal by secondary intent where new tissue is laid down from the base upwards.\u0000 This case report describes a 23-year-old woman completing her Bachelor of Arts in dance with a past medical history of stricturing and inflammatory ileocolonic Crohn’s disease who presented to the osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM)/Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R) clinic for multiple open abdominal wounds and weakness.\u0000 To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case report detailing the benefits of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) to healing open abdominal wounds, increasing flexibility and physical fitness, and improving the mental health of an individual who required prompt rehabilitation to return to the high-level of fitness required to pursue a career as a professional dancer.","PeriodicalId":341091,"journal":{"name":"The AAO Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129234717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.53702/2375-5717-32.3.9
Megan M. Ellis, Kaitlyn Finneran, Chunfa Jie, Drew D. Lewis
Practicing osteopathic manual medicine (OMM) requires medical students to learn a unique psychomotor skill. OMM techniques are taught during hands-on laboratory sessions in osteopathic medical schools across the country. Determining the optimal delivery of OMM training in the first and second years of medical school is instrumental in maximizing student engagement and confidence for future use in practice. In the academic year of 2020–2021, public health guidelines for COVID-19 forced Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine to restructure their OMM laboratory sessions to include in-person and live-stream demonstrations of somatic dysfunction diagnoses and treatments. To determine if there was a difference in students’ perception of the learning experience and exam performance between in-person and live-streamed osteopathic manual medicine (OMM) laboratory instruction. An online 8-question survey was sent to 225 first year medical students from Des Moines University at the end of their first year. The survey contained a combination of Likert scale, dichotomous, and open-ended questions. Statistical analysis for the Likert scale questions included paired-t test given the nature of correlated responses by the same cohort of students. A non-parametric permutation test was used to compare Fall 2020 practical exam grades due to the heavy skewness and ties of the exam score distributions. All computations were also made using the statistical computing software R. Free text was qualitatively analyzed for recurrent themes. The survey response rate was 67.1% with 151 respondents. When students were asked to rate their learning experience (engagement, comfort asking questions, understanding of material, ability to retain and recall lab material) between in-person vs. live-stream delivery of OMM lab material on a 5-point Likert Scale, there was a statistically significant mean difference for all of the responses, indicating a preference for in-person delivery method. Comparisons of the mean practical exam scores revealed no statistically significant differences. When asked to choose between in-person vs. live-stream, 83% of students reported a preference for in-person OMM laboratory demonstrations. The students’ perceptions suggest that in-person delivery of OMM was superior to live-stream instruction based on higher rankings of engagement, comfort in asking questions, understanding material to practice, and recall of material in preparation of practical exams.
{"title":"Comparing In-person vs. Live-streamed Osteopathic Manual Medicine Lab Instruction","authors":"Megan M. Ellis, Kaitlyn Finneran, Chunfa Jie, Drew D. Lewis","doi":"10.53702/2375-5717-32.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53702/2375-5717-32.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Practicing osteopathic manual medicine (OMM) requires medical students to learn a unique psychomotor skill. OMM techniques are taught during hands-on laboratory sessions in osteopathic medical schools across the country. Determining the optimal delivery of OMM training in the first and second years of medical school is instrumental in maximizing student engagement and confidence for future use in practice. In the academic year of 2020–2021, public health guidelines for COVID-19 forced Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine to restructure their OMM laboratory sessions to include in-person and live-stream demonstrations of somatic dysfunction diagnoses and treatments.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To determine if there was a difference in students’ perception of the learning experience and exam performance between in-person and live-streamed osteopathic manual medicine (OMM) laboratory instruction.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 An online 8-question survey was sent to 225 first year medical students from Des Moines University at the end of their first year. The survey contained a combination of Likert scale, dichotomous, and open-ended questions. Statistical analysis for the Likert scale questions included paired-t test given the nature of correlated responses by the same cohort of students. A non-parametric permutation test was used to compare Fall 2020 practical exam grades due to the heavy skewness and ties of the exam score distributions. All computations were also made using the statistical computing software R. Free text was qualitatively analyzed for recurrent themes.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The survey response rate was 67.1% with 151 respondents. When students were asked to rate their learning experience (engagement, comfort asking questions, understanding of material, ability to retain and recall lab material) between in-person vs. live-stream delivery of OMM lab material on a 5-point Likert Scale, there was a statistically significant mean difference for all of the responses, indicating a preference for in-person delivery method. Comparisons of the mean practical exam scores revealed no statistically significant differences. When asked to choose between in-person vs. live-stream, 83% of students reported a preference for in-person OMM laboratory demonstrations.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The students’ perceptions suggest that in-person delivery of OMM was superior to live-stream instruction based on higher rankings of engagement, comfort in asking questions, understanding material to practice, and recall of material in preparation of practical exams.\u0000","PeriodicalId":341091,"journal":{"name":"The AAO Journal","volume":"159 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122959296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.53702/2375-5717-32.3.37
Samantha C Gordon, Stefan Hagopian
Optic gliomas are a known complication of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and can result in significant impairment. This case report centers around a 3-year-old girl with NF1 and optic glioma diagnosed by MRI, whose optic glioma has not increased in size since commencing treatment with osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) at regular intervals. We cover the rationale behind treating these patients with OMT with a thorough review of the relevant anatomy. We suggest a basis of treatment that could benefit patients with a number of intracranial and extracranial pathologies.
{"title":"Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment for Optic Pathway Glioma","authors":"Samantha C Gordon, Stefan Hagopian","doi":"10.53702/2375-5717-32.3.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53702/2375-5717-32.3.37","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Optic gliomas are a known complication of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and can result in significant impairment. This case report centers around a 3-year-old girl with NF1 and optic glioma diagnosed by MRI, whose optic glioma has not increased in size since commencing treatment with osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) at regular intervals. We cover the rationale behind treating these patients with OMT with a thorough review of the relevant anatomy. We suggest a basis of treatment that could benefit patients with a number of intracranial and extracranial pathologies.","PeriodicalId":341091,"journal":{"name":"The AAO Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129544145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.53702/2375-5717-32.3.8
J. Blumer
{"title":"View from the Pyramids: Pay It Forward","authors":"J. Blumer","doi":"10.53702/2375-5717-32.3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53702/2375-5717-32.3.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":341091,"journal":{"name":"The AAO Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115353741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.53702/2375-5717-32.3.26
Kaori Morimoto, Jann C. Uy, Lillie Blair, Hailey Barab, Wendi Wu, Claire Oosterbaan, Lauren Ozdowski, Elisabeth Guenther
This study aims to investigate what factors correlate with osteopathic medical students’ preparedness to provide care for the LGBTQ+ community through a multi-institutional survey. This is one of the few formal research projects to assess the impact of LGBTQ+ medical education on osteopathic students’ comfort level with caring for the community. This study was approved by the IRB at Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA on 11/19/2020. An 18-question survey was created regarding the exposure to the LGBTQ+ population and healthcare education before and after attending osteopathic medical schools. The anonymous survey was electronically distributed at Western University of Health Sciences College of Osteopathic Medicine Pacific and Pacific Northwest, Idaho College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine, and Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine between 1/6/21 and 5/8/21. The survey information was statistically analyzed via SAS University edition. The survey had 441 responses: 63% were female, 34% were male, and 3% selected other gender identities. From 441 responses to the survey, 378 responses were analyzed using a logistics regression model to comprehensively model a binary-dependent variable for the students’ preparedness. Students knowing the meaning of the acronym LGBTQ+ (p =0.04) and actively engaging in extracurricular activities for the LGBTQ+ population (p =0.01) showed the strongest correlation based on the logistic regression analysis. Additionally, Chi-square results identified 6 independent variables associated with students’ preparedness to care for the LGBTQ+ population: being a second year or a third year osteopathic medical student (p <0.01), having opportunities to learn about the LGBTQ+ population in college (p <0.01), having a formal presentation about LGBTQ+ health in medical school (p <0.01), the medical school offering extracurricular activities about the LGBTQ+ population (p <0.01), knowing what the LGBTQ+ acronym stands for (p =0.01), and actively being involved in extracurricular activities concerning the LGBTQ+ community (p=0.03). Our study indicates that medical students’ educational exposure through college and medical school is a more correlating influencing factor for their preparedness to care for the LGBTQ+ population in comparison with student’s gender, hometown size, or socioeconomic, geographical, and religious background. Future studies to objectively identify medical students’ preparedness and experience with LGBTQ+ patients, as well as studying effective curricula for filling in knowledge gaps, will be necessary.
{"title":"Osteopathic Medical Students’ Subjective Preparedness for LGBTQ+ Patient Care and Influencing Factors: A Multi-Institutional Survey Study","authors":"Kaori Morimoto, Jann C. Uy, Lillie Blair, Hailey Barab, Wendi Wu, Claire Oosterbaan, Lauren Ozdowski, Elisabeth Guenther","doi":"10.53702/2375-5717-32.3.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53702/2375-5717-32.3.26","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study aims to investigate what factors correlate with osteopathic medical students’ preparedness to provide care for the LGBTQ+ community through a multi-institutional survey.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This is one of the few formal research projects to assess the impact of LGBTQ+ medical education on osteopathic students’ comfort level with caring for the community.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study was approved by the IRB at Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA on 11/19/2020. An 18-question survey was created regarding the exposure to the LGBTQ+ population and healthcare education before and after attending osteopathic medical schools. The anonymous survey was electronically distributed at Western University of Health Sciences College of Osteopathic Medicine Pacific and Pacific Northwest, Idaho College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine, and Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine between 1/6/21 and 5/8/21. The survey information was statistically analyzed via SAS University edition.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The survey had 441 responses: 63% were female, 34% were male, and 3% selected other gender identities. From 441 responses to the survey, 378 responses were analyzed using a logistics regression model to comprehensively model a binary-dependent variable for the students’ preparedness. Students knowing the meaning of the acronym LGBTQ+ (p =0.04) and actively engaging in extracurricular activities for the LGBTQ+ population (p =0.01) showed the strongest correlation based on the logistic regression analysis. Additionally, Chi-square results identified 6 independent variables associated with students’ preparedness to care for the LGBTQ+ population: being a second year or a third year osteopathic medical student (p <0.01), having opportunities to learn about the LGBTQ+ population in college (p <0.01), having a formal presentation about LGBTQ+ health in medical school (p <0.01), the medical school offering extracurricular activities about the LGBTQ+ population (p <0.01), knowing what the LGBTQ+ acronym stands for (p =0.01), and actively being involved in extracurricular activities concerning the LGBTQ+ community (p=0.03).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Our study indicates that medical students’ educational exposure through college and medical school is a more correlating influencing factor for their preparedness to care for the LGBTQ+ population in comparison with student’s gender, hometown size, or socioeconomic, geographical, and religious background. Future studies to objectively identify medical students’ preparedness and experience with LGBTQ+ patients, as well as studying effective curricula for filling in knowledge gaps, will be necessary.\u0000","PeriodicalId":341091,"journal":{"name":"The AAO Journal","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128735695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：