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Julia language features for processing statistical data Julia语言特性用于处理统计数据
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.22363/2658-4670-2023-31-1-5-26
M. Gevorkyan, A. Korolkova, D. Kulyabov
The Julia programming language is a specialized language for scientific computing. It is relatively new, so most of the libraries for it are in the active development stage. In this article, the authors consider the possibilities of the language in the field of mathematical statistics. Special emphasis is placed on the technical component, in particular, the process of installing and configuring the software environment is described in detail. Since users of the Julia language are often not professional programmers, technical issues in setting up the software environment can cause difficulties that prevent them from quickly mastering the basic features of the language. The article also describes some features of Julia that distinguish it from other popular languages used for scientific computing. The third part of the article provides an overview of the two main libraries for mathematical statistics. The emphasis is again on the technical side in order to give the reader an idea of the general possibilities of the language in the field of mathematical statistics.
Julia程序设计语言是一种用于科学计算的专门语言。它相对较新,因此它的大多数库都处于活跃的开发阶段。在这篇文章中,作者考虑了语言在数理统计领域的可能性。特别强调了技术组件,特别详细描述了软件环境的安装和配置过程。由于Julia语言的用户通常不是专业的程序员,因此设置软件环境时的技术问题可能会造成困难,使他们无法快速掌握该语言的基本功能。文章还描述了Julia的一些特征,这些特征将其与其他用于科学计算的流行语言区分开来。文章的第三部分概述了数理统计的两个主要库。重点再次放在技术方面,目的是让读者了解该语言在数理统计领域的一般可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Methods of extracting biomedical information from patents and scientific publications (on the example of chemical compounds) 从专利和科学出版物中提取生物医学信息的方法(以化合物为例)
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.22363/2658-4670-2023-31-1-64-74
Nikolay A. Kolpakov, A. Molodchenkov, Anton V. Lukin
This article proposes an algorithm for solving the problem of extracting information from biomedical patents and scientific publications. The introduced algorithm is based on machine learning methods. Experiments were carried out on patents from the USPTO database. Experiments have shown that the best extraction quality was achieved by a model based on BioBERT.
本文提出了一种从生物医学专利和科学出版物中提取信息的算法。所介绍的算法是基于机器学习方法的。实验是在USPTO数据库中的专利上进行的。实验结果表明,基于BioBERT模型的提取效果最好。
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引用次数: 0
Studying the mechanism of electric explosion of metal conductors 金属导体电爆炸机理的研究
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.22363/2658-4670-2023-31-1-75-86
N. Kravchenko, S. Kovtunov
The article gives a description of the history of the development of research of electric explosion of metal conductors, the authors offer a modern view on the physics of the process of electric explosion. The result of such an explosion can be, in particular, the production of nanopowders, which today have found the widest application in industry, agriculture, medicine, and so on.
本文叙述了金属导体电爆炸研究的发展历史,对电爆炸过程的物理学提出了现代观点。这种爆炸的结果可能是,特别是纳米粉末的生产,今天在工业、农业、医药等领域得到了最广泛的应用。
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引用次数: 0
Implementation of the Adams method for solving ordinary differential equations in the Sage computer algebra system 实现了在Sage计算机代数系统中求解常微分方程的Adams方法
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22363/2658-4670-2023-31-2-164-173
M. Malykh, Polina S. Chusovitina
This work is devoted to the implementation and testing of the Adams method for solving ordinary differential equations in the Sage computer algebra system. The Sage computer algebra system has, to some extent, trivial means for numerical integration of ordinary differential equations, but at the same time, it is worth noting that this environment is convenient and practical for conducting computer experiments related to symbolic numerical calculations in it. The article presents the FDM package developed on the basis of the RUDN, which contains the developments of recent years, performed by M. D. Malykh and his students, for numerical integration of differential equations. In this package, attention is paid to the visualization of the calculation results, including the construction of various kinds of auxiliary diagrams, such as Richardson diagrams, as well as graphs of dependence, for example, the value of a function or step from a moment in time. The implementation of the Adams method will be considered from this package. In this article, this implementation of the Adams method will be tested on various examples of input data, and the method will also be compared with the Jacobi system. Exact and approximate values will be found and compared, and an estimate for the error will be obtained.
本工作致力于在Sage计算机代数系统中求解常微分方程的Adams方法的实现和测试。Sage计算机代数系统在一定程度上对常微分方程的数值积分方法并不实用,但值得注意的是,该环境对于在其中进行与符号数值计算相关的计算机实验是方便和实用的。本文介绍了在RUDN基础上开发的FDM包,其中包含了近年来由m.d. Malykh和他的学生在微分方程数值积分方面的发展。在这个软件包中,注重计算结果的可视化,包括各种辅助图的构建,如理查德森图,以及依赖图,例如,函数或步长从某一时刻的值。亚当斯方法的实现将从这个包中考虑。在本文中,Adams方法的实现将在各种输入数据示例上进行测试,并将该方法与Jacobi系统进行比较。将找到准确值和近似值并进行比较,从而得到误差的估计。
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引用次数: 0
Heterogeneous queueing system with Markov renewal arrivals and service times dependent on states of arrival process 马尔可夫更新到达和服务时间依赖于到达过程状态的异构排队系统
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22363/2658-4670-2023-31-2-105-119
E. Polin, S. Moiseeva, A. Moiseev
In the proposed work, we consider a heterogeneous queueing system with a Markov renewal process and an unlimited number of servers. The service time for requests on the servers is a positive random variable with an exponential probability distribution. The service parameters depend on the state of the Markov chain nested over the renewal moments. It should be noted that these parameters do not change their values until the end of maintenance. Thus, the devices in the system under consideration are heterogeneous. The object of the study is a multidimensional random process - the number of servers of each type being served with different intensities in the stationary regime. The method of asymptotic analysis under the condition of equivalent growing of service times in the units of servers is applied for the study. The method of asymptotic analysis is implemented in the construction of a sequence of asymptotic of increasing order, in which the asymptotic of the first order determines the asymptotic mean value of the number of occupied servers. The second-order asymptotic allows one to construct a Gaussian approximation of the probability distribution of the number of occupied servers in the system. It is shown that this approximation coincides with the Gaussian distribution.
在本文提出的工作中,我们考虑了一个具有马尔可夫更新过程和无限数量服务器的异构排队系统。服务器上请求的服务时间是一个正的随机变量,呈指数概率分布。服务参数依赖于更新时刻上嵌套的马尔可夫链的状态。需要注意的是,这些参数在维护结束前不会改变它们的值。因此,所考虑的系统中的设备是异构的。该研究的对象是一个多维随机过程-在固定状态下以不同强度服务的每种类型的服务器的数量。应用服务器单元服务时间等效增长条件下的渐近分析方法进行了研究。在构造一个递增阶渐近序列的过程中实现渐近分析方法,其中一阶渐近决定了被占用服务器数量的渐近平均值。二阶渐近性允许我们构造系统中被占用服务器数量的概率分布的高斯近似。结果表明,这种近似符合高斯分布。
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引用次数: 0
Quadratures with super power convergence 具有超幂收敛的正交
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22363/2658-4670-2023-31-2-128-138
A. Belov, Maxim A. Tintul, V. S. Khokhlachev
The calculation of quadratures arises in many physical and technical applications. The replacement of integration variables is proposed, which dramatically increases the accuracy of the formula of averages. For infinitely smooth integrand functions, the convergence law becomes super power. It is significantly faster than the power law and is close to exponential one. For integrals with bounded smoothness, power convergence is realized with the maximum achievable order of accuracy.
在许多物理和技术应用中都出现了正交的计算。提出了替换积分变量的方法,大大提高了平均值公式的精度。对于无穷光滑被积函数,收敛律具有超强的威力。它比幂律快得多,接近指数律。对于有界光滑积分,以可达到的最大精度阶实现幂收敛。
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引用次数: 0
Convergence of the grid method for the Fredholm equation of the first kind with Tikhonov regularization 带Tikhonov正则化的第一类Fredholm方程网格法的收敛性
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22363/2658-4670-2023-31-2-120-127
A. Belov
The paper describes a grid method for solving an ill-posed problem for the Fredholm equation of the first kind using the A. N. Tikhonov regularizer. The convergence theorem for this method was formulated and proved. A procedure for thickening grids with a simultaneous increase in digit capacity of calculations is proposed.
本文描述了用a . N. Tikhonov正则化器求解第一类Fredholm方程不适定问题的网格方法。构造并证明了该方法的收敛性定理。提出了一种增厚网格同时增加数字计算容量的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Chebyshev collocation method for solving second order ODEs using integration matrices 利用积分矩阵求解二阶ode的Chebyshev配置法
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22363/2658-4670-2023-31-2-150-163
K. Lovetskiy, D. Kulyabov, L. Sevastianov, Stepan V. Sergeev
The spectral collocation method for solving two-point boundary value problems for second order differential equations is implemented, based on representing the solution as an expansion in Chebyshev polynomials. The approach allows a stable calculation of both the spectral representation of the solution and its pointwise representation on any required grid in the definition domain of the equation and additional conditions of the multipoint problem. For the effective construction of SLAE, the solution of which gives the desired coefficients, the Chebyshev matrices of spectral integration are actively used. The proposed algorithms have a high accuracy for moderate-dimension systems of linear algebraic equations. The matrix of the system remains well-conditioned and, with an increase in the number of collocation points, allows finding solutions with ever-increasing accuracy.
在将二阶微分方程两点边值问题表示为切比雪夫多项式展开的基础上,实现了求解二阶微分方程两点边值问题的谱配点法。该方法允许稳定地计算解的谱表示及其在方程定义域中的任何所需网格上的点向表示和多点问题的附加条件。为了有效地构造SLAE,积极使用谱积分的切比雪夫矩阵,其解给出了期望系数。所提出的算法对中等维线性代数方程组具有较高的精度。系统的矩阵保持良好的条件,并且随着搭配点数量的增加,可以以不断提高的精度找到解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Buckling in inelastic regime of a uniform console with symmetrical cross section: computer modeling using Maple 18 具有对称截面的均匀控制台非弹性状态下的屈曲:使用Maple 18进行计算机建模
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22363/2658-4670-2023-31-2-174-188
V. Chistyakov, Sergey M. Soloviev
The method of numerical integration of Euler problem of buckling of a homogeneous console with symmetrical cross section in regime of plastic deformation using Maple18 is presented. The ordinary differential equation for a transversal coordinate (y) was deduced which takes into consideration higher geometrical momenta of cross section area. As an argument in the equation a dimensionless console slope (p=tg theta) is used which is linked in mutually unique manner with all other linear displacements. Real strain-stress diagram of metals (steel, titan) and PTFE polymers were modelled via the Maple nonlinear regression with cubic polynomial to provide a conditional yield point ((t),(sigma_f)). The console parameters (free length (l_0), (m), cross section area (S) and minimal gyration moment (J_x)) were chosen so that a critical buckling forces (F_text{cr}) corresponded to the stresses (sigma) close to the yield strength (sigma_f). To find the key dependence of the final slope (p_f) vs load (F) needed for the shape determination the equality for restored console length was applied. The dependences (p_f(F)) and shapes (y(z)), (z) being a longitudinal coordinate, were determined within these three approaches: plastic regime with cubic strain-stress diagram, tangent modulus (E_text{tang}) approximations and Hook’s law. It was found that critical buckling load (F_text{cr}) in plastic range nearly two times less of that for an ideal Hook’s law. A quasi-identity of calculated console shapes was found for the same final slope (p_f) within the three approaches especially for the metals.
提出了用Maple18对塑性变形状态下均匀对称截面台架屈曲的欧拉问题进行数值积分的方法。推导了考虑高截面积几何动量的横坐标(y)的常微分方程。作为方程中的一个参数,使用无因次控制台斜率(p=tg theta),它与所有其他线性位移以相互唯一的方式联系在一起。金属(钢,泰坦)和聚四氟乙烯聚合物的实际应变-应力图通过Maple非线性回归与三次多项式建模,以提供条件屈服点((t), (sigma_f))。控制台参数(自由长度(l_0)、(m)、截面面积(S)和最小回转力矩(J_x))的选择使临界屈曲力(F_text{cr})对应的应力(sigma)接近屈服强度(sigma_f)。为了找到确定形状所需的最终坡度(p_f)与荷载(F)的关键依赖关系,应用了恢复控制台长度的等式。依赖关系(p_f(F))和形状(y(z)), (z)是纵向坐标,是在这三种方法中确定的:三次应变-应力图的塑性状态,切线模量(E_text{tang})近似和胡克定律。研究发现,在塑性范围内,临界屈曲载荷(F_text{cr})比理想的胡克定律低近2倍。对于相同的最终斜率(p_f),在三种方法中,特别是对于金属,计算出的控制台形状的准同一性被发现。
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引用次数: 0
On a modification of the Hamming method for summing discrete Fourier series and its application to solve the problem of correction of thermographic images 对离散傅里叶级数求和的Hamming方法的改进及其在热成像图像校正中的应用
Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.22363/2658-4670-2022-30-4-342-356
E. Laneev, O. Baaj
The paper considers mathematical methods of correction of thermographic images (thermograms) in the form of temperature distribution on the surface of the object under study, obtained using a thermal imager. The thermogram reproduces the image of the heat-generating structures located inside the object under study. This image is transmitted with distortions, since the sources are usually removed from its surface and the temperature distribution on the surface of the object transmits the image as blurred due to the processes of thermal conductivity and heat exchange. In this paper, the continuation of the temperature function as a harmonic function from the surface deep into the object under study in order to obtain a temperature distribution function near sources is considered as a correction principle. This distribution is considered as an adjusted thermogram. The continuation is carried out on the basis of solving the Cauchy problem for the Laplace equation - an ill-posed problem. The solution is constructed using the Tikhonov regularization method. The main part of the constructed approximate solution is presented as a Fourier series by the eigenfunctions of the Laplace operator. Discretization of the problem leads to discrete Fourier series. A modification of the Hamming method for summing Fourier series and calculating their coefficients is proposed.
本文考虑了用热成像仪获得的被研究对象表面温度分布形式的热像图的数学校正方法。热像图再现了被研究物体内部产生热量的结构的图像。由于源通常从物体表面去除,并且物体表面的温度分布由于导热和热交换过程而使图像传输模糊,因此该图像传输时会产生失真。本文考虑将温度函数作为谐波函数从表面延拓到研究对象深处,从而得到源附近的温度分布函数作为一种校正原理。这种分布被认为是调整后的热图。延拓是在求解拉普拉斯方程的柯西问题——一个不适定问题的基础上进行的。利用Tikhonov正则化方法构造解。构造的近似解的主要部分由拉普拉斯算子的特征函数表示为傅里叶级数。问题的离散化导致离散傅立叶级数。提出了傅里叶级数求和及系数计算的Hamming方法的一种改进。
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引用次数: 1
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Discrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational Science
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