Antenna diversity performance assessment measures are essential to multi-antenna systems. Among different evaluation metrics, the effective diversity gain is the ultimate ones since not only antenna characteristics but also environment factors are accounted. However, the conventional effective diversity gain measurement process is time consuming and labor intensive process. A semi-automatic measurement system is hence proposed in this work. Multiple antennas are connected to power detectors, which are controlled by a computer controlled AD/DA card. The system control program is coded in Labview. The whole system is mounted on a push cart. During the measurement process, the cart is moved manually in a multipath rich environment. Power levels received by antennas are recorded automatically. The proposed system can significantly reduce the time and labor required for the measurement. Measured data can be processed to yield the effective diversity gain of the tested multi-antenna system.
{"title":"Development of a semi-automatic effective diversity gain measurement system for multi-antenna systems","authors":"Bang-Yun Dai, Wen-Jiao Liao, Yi-Ane Chen, Xin-Xiong Chen","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365365","url":null,"abstract":"Antenna diversity performance assessment measures are essential to multi-antenna systems. Among different evaluation metrics, the effective diversity gain is the ultimate ones since not only antenna characteristics but also environment factors are accounted. However, the conventional effective diversity gain measurement process is time consuming and labor intensive process. A semi-automatic measurement system is hence proposed in this work. Multiple antennas are connected to power detectors, which are controlled by a computer controlled AD/DA card. The system control program is coded in Labview. The whole system is mounted on a push cart. During the measurement process, the cart is moved manually in a multipath rich environment. Power levels received by antennas are recorded automatically. The proposed system can significantly reduce the time and labor required for the measurement. Measured data can be processed to yield the effective diversity gain of the tested multi-antenna system.","PeriodicalId":342623,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132858124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-04DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365345
Byung‐chul Park, Jeong‐Hae Lee
Two types of circularly polarized (CP) antennas based on metamaterial transmission lines will be presented. First, a dual-band omnidirectional circularly polarized (CP) antenna of epsilon negative (ENG) transmission lines (TLs) is introduced. The antenna is based on a circular mushroom structure with curved branches and designed without additional feeding parts for a 90° phase difference between two orthogonal modes as well as additional radiators for dual-band operations. A left-hand CP (LHCP) and a right-hand CP (RHCP) are obtained at the zeroth and the first order resonance modes, respectively. Second, a circularly polarized (CP) antenna based on mu-negative (MNG) transmission lines (TLs) is presented. The antenna consists of two pairs of resonators for two orthogonal polarizations. The 90° phase difference between them is achieved by detuning the corresponding resonance frequencies. The experimental results agree with the theoretical results.
{"title":"Circularly polarized antennas based on metamaterial transmission lines","authors":"Byung‐chul Park, Jeong‐Hae Lee","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365345","url":null,"abstract":"Two types of circularly polarized (CP) antennas based on metamaterial transmission lines will be presented. First, a dual-band omnidirectional circularly polarized (CP) antenna of epsilon negative (ENG) transmission lines (TLs) is introduced. The antenna is based on a circular mushroom structure with curved branches and designed without additional feeding parts for a 90° phase difference between two orthogonal modes as well as additional radiators for dual-band operations. A left-hand CP (LHCP) and a right-hand CP (RHCP) are obtained at the zeroth and the first order resonance modes, respectively. Second, a circularly polarized (CP) antenna based on mu-negative (MNG) transmission lines (TLs) is presented. The antenna consists of two pairs of resonators for two orthogonal polarizations. The 90° phase difference between them is achieved by detuning the corresponding resonance frequencies. The experimental results agree with the theoretical results.","PeriodicalId":342623,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"668 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131886984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-04DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365320
Yi-Ane Chen, Wen-Jiao Liao, Xin-Xiong Chen, Bang-Yun Dai
In this work, a capacitive coupling elements antenna is proposed for handset devices. A dual-band matching network is employed to provide matching in the two LTE bands, Primary advantages of this antenna configuration include small sizes, simple structure, low cost, good radiation efficiencies and easy antenna tuning. The mechanisms for achieving low and high band matching at the same time are explained. The fabricated prototype validates its broad band and good radiation features. The proposed antenna configuration can be transport to other mobile platforms with little efforts.
{"title":"LTE band capacitive coupling element antenna for smart phone devices","authors":"Yi-Ane Chen, Wen-Jiao Liao, Xin-Xiong Chen, Bang-Yun Dai","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365320","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a capacitive coupling elements antenna is proposed for handset devices. A dual-band matching network is employed to provide matching in the two LTE bands, Primary advantages of this antenna configuration include small sizes, simple structure, low cost, good radiation efficiencies and easy antenna tuning. The mechanisms for achieving low and high band matching at the same time are explained. The fabricated prototype validates its broad band and good radiation features. The proposed antenna configuration can be transport to other mobile platforms with little efforts.","PeriodicalId":342623,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123331592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-04DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365377
Y. Kushiyama, T. Arima, T. Uno
A composite right/left-handed (CRLH) leaky wave antenna using a stepped impedance resonator (SIR) is presented. By applying the SIR technique to a conventional CRLH structure, a balanced condition is achieved through adjustments of parameters of the SIR. Therefore, the structure requires no interdigital or multilayer capacitor to achieve a balanced condition. A differential microstrip geometry is also used for utilizing a virtual ground to remove grounded vias. The simplicity of the structure allows applications at higher frequencies. A leaky wave antenna consists of 14 unit cells of the proposed structure is designed. A continuous beam scanning capability from backward to forward direction is confirmed.
{"title":"A microstrip composite right/left handed leaky-wave antenna using a stepped impedance resonator","authors":"Y. Kushiyama, T. Arima, T. Uno","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365377","url":null,"abstract":"A composite right/left-handed (CRLH) leaky wave antenna using a stepped impedance resonator (SIR) is presented. By applying the SIR technique to a conventional CRLH structure, a balanced condition is achieved through adjustments of parameters of the SIR. Therefore, the structure requires no interdigital or multilayer capacitor to achieve a balanced condition. A differential microstrip geometry is also used for utilizing a virtual ground to remove grounded vias. The simplicity of the structure allows applications at higher frequencies. A leaky wave antenna consists of 14 unit cells of the proposed structure is designed. A continuous beam scanning capability from backward to forward direction is confirmed.","PeriodicalId":342623,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"296 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122087851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-04DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365361
Wen‐Shan Chen, Chun-Lin Ciou, Kuan-Hsun Lai
In the article, A planar structure of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antennas of mobile applications is presented and discussed. The two antennas are a coupled-fed loop antenna on the top and a monopole antenna on the bottom side. The MIMO antennas are located on the two edges of the ground plane. A pairs of meandered slits are used to improve impedance match of the two antennas. The proposed MIMO antennas with planar structure and acceptable performance are suitable for applying in WWAN/LTE application.
{"title":"MIMO antennas for mobile phone applications","authors":"Wen‐Shan Chen, Chun-Lin Ciou, Kuan-Hsun Lai","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365361","url":null,"abstract":"In the article, A planar structure of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antennas of mobile applications is presented and discussed. The two antennas are a coupled-fed loop antenna on the top and a monopole antenna on the bottom side. The MIMO antennas are located on the two edges of the ground plane. A pairs of meandered slits are used to improve impedance match of the two antennas. The proposed MIMO antennas with planar structure and acceptable performance are suitable for applying in WWAN/LTE application.","PeriodicalId":342623,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123937990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-04DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365265
G. Chattopadhyay
Millimeter- and submillimeter-wave imaging systems for astronomy, planetary, and Earth science applications are increasingly moving towards large focal plane arrays. The relatively long wavelengths together with focal ratios encountered imply mm-sized pixels, and when one considers arrays with a hundred to thousands of pixels, we have to deal with optical elements of quite substantial size. In many applications, geometry makes lenses far more attractive than mirrors, and since cryogenic detectors are invariably employed, ground-based systems as well as testing of space-based systems require vacuum windows 10s of cm in diameter. Especially at shorter wavelengths, very low loss materials are required since the thickness of lenses and windows is substantial, reaching several cm. Crystal quartz can be used in some cases, but available diameters are limited to 12 cm. The anisotropy of the material can be harmful in many situations as well.
{"title":"Terahertz antennas and related optical components","authors":"G. Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365265","url":null,"abstract":"Millimeter- and submillimeter-wave imaging systems for astronomy, planetary, and Earth science applications are increasingly moving towards large focal plane arrays. The relatively long wavelengths together with focal ratios encountered imply mm-sized pixels, and when one considers arrays with a hundred to thousands of pixels, we have to deal with optical elements of quite substantial size. In many applications, geometry makes lenses far more attractive than mirrors, and since cryogenic detectors are invariably employed, ground-based systems as well as testing of space-based systems require vacuum windows 10s of cm in diameter. Especially at shorter wavelengths, very low loss materials are required since the thickness of lenses and windows is substantial, reaching several cm. Crystal quartz can be used in some cases, but available diameters are limited to 12 cm. The anisotropy of the material can be harmful in many situations as well.","PeriodicalId":342623,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122590726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-04DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365283
Rupam Das, H. Yoo
Wireless power transfer (WPT) to medical implants allows clinicians to avoid using bulky energy storage components. In this paper, we address WPT systems for a pacemaker (PM). A resonant inductive coupling method was employed in the WPT system by introducing a spiral transmitter (Tx) coil and a spiral receiver (Rx) coil. Here, we introduced the concept of the Yagi-Uda antenna by using metamaterials (MTMs) in order to increase WPT efficiency in the Medical Implanted Communication Service (MICS). Based on the simulation results in a realistic model of the human body, we were able to design a compact and efficient WPT system for PMs. Moreover, our simulation results showed that the Yagi-Uda antenna configuration can significantly increase WPT efficiency.
{"title":"Wireless power transfer to a pacemaker by using metamaterials and Yagi-Uda antenna concept","authors":"Rupam Das, H. Yoo","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365283","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless power transfer (WPT) to medical implants allows clinicians to avoid using bulky energy storage components. In this paper, we address WPT systems for a pacemaker (PM). A resonant inductive coupling method was employed in the WPT system by introducing a spiral transmitter (Tx) coil and a spiral receiver (Rx) coil. Here, we introduced the concept of the Yagi-Uda antenna by using metamaterials (MTMs) in order to increase WPT efficiency in the Medical Implanted Communication Service (MICS). Based on the simulation results in a realistic model of the human body, we were able to design a compact and efficient WPT system for PMs. Moreover, our simulation results showed that the Yagi-Uda antenna configuration can significantly increase WPT efficiency.","PeriodicalId":342623,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125056504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-04DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365355
Raluca E. Topor, R. Tamas
This paper presents a new Ultra-Wide Band antenna system for direction finding applications. It consists of two orthogonal half-ring antennas with an unbalanced input. The antenna system was characterized by using energy-based descriptors, as pulsed excitations are considered. A new energy-based coupling parameter was defined in order to quantify the mutual coupling. The experimental results are close to the simulated data, both for frequency-domain and energy-based descriptors.
{"title":"A novel dual-padlock UWB antenna system","authors":"Raluca E. Topor, R. Tamas","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365355","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new Ultra-Wide Band antenna system for direction finding applications. It consists of two orthogonal half-ring antennas with an unbalanced input. The antenna system was characterized by using energy-based descriptors, as pulsed excitations are considered. A new energy-based coupling parameter was defined in order to quantify the mutual coupling. The experimental results are close to the simulated data, both for frequency-domain and energy-based descriptors.","PeriodicalId":342623,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125326129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-04DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365335
L. Batel, L. Rudant, J. Pintos, K. Mahdjoubi
Performance characteristics of Electrically Small Antennas are limited by fundamental physics. Using Non-Foster elements into antennas structures appears like an opportunity to overshoot those limits. In this paper, a Negative Impedance Converter circuit is designed for antenna applications at 868 MHz. These active circuits, that produce Non-Foster negative capacitance or inductance, are known as sensitive circuits due to their nonlinearities that can produce instabilities. Thus, designing Negative Impedance Converters at Ultra High Frequency bands becomes quite challenging. Accurate design is strongly recommended to predict the final behavior of the circuit. The Negative Impedance Converter sensitivity is investigated with respect to Printed Circuit Board design through both simulation and measurement results.
{"title":"Sensitivity of negative impedance converter circuit with respect to PCB design effects","authors":"L. Batel, L. Rudant, J. Pintos, K. Mahdjoubi","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365335","url":null,"abstract":"Performance characteristics of Electrically Small Antennas are limited by fundamental physics. Using Non-Foster elements into antennas structures appears like an opportunity to overshoot those limits. In this paper, a Negative Impedance Converter circuit is designed for antenna applications at 868 MHz. These active circuits, that produce Non-Foster negative capacitance or inductance, are known as sensitive circuits due to their nonlinearities that can produce instabilities. Thus, designing Negative Impedance Converters at Ultra High Frequency bands becomes quite challenging. Accurate design is strongly recommended to predict the final behavior of the circuit. The Negative Impedance Converter sensitivity is investigated with respect to Printed Circuit Board design through both simulation and measurement results.","PeriodicalId":342623,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116736615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-04DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365373
Jun-Ho Lee, Bomson Lee
A microwave absorber with a layer depth less than a quarter wavelength is investigated based on an equivalent circuit. For a specific absorber with a given layer electrical length, the equivalent resistance and capacitance of a capacitive screen can be determined using the presented closed-form design equations. The relation between the layer depth and absorption bandwidth is also analyzed. The presented formulation is validated by a design example in the ISM band. A unit of the absorber screen is realized using a resistive rectangular structure with surrounding gaps. The absorber is shown to offer a 90% absorption bandwidth from 2.3GHz to 5.1GHz (93%) with layer depth of 1/8 wavelength.
{"title":"Design of thin microwave absorbers using capacitive screen","authors":"Jun-Ho Lee, Bomson Lee","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2015.7365373","url":null,"abstract":"A microwave absorber with a layer depth less than a quarter wavelength is investigated based on an equivalent circuit. For a specific absorber with a given layer electrical length, the equivalent resistance and capacitance of a capacitive screen can be determined using the presented closed-form design equations. The relation between the layer depth and absorption bandwidth is also analyzed. The presented formulation is validated by a design example in the ISM band. A unit of the absorber screen is realized using a resistive rectangular structure with surrounding gaps. The absorber is shown to offer a 90% absorption bandwidth from 2.3GHz to 5.1GHz (93%) with layer depth of 1/8 wavelength.","PeriodicalId":342623,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"83 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121325504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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