Pub Date : 1976-03-24DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1976.1622329
T. McMullen
An increasing number of Radio Amateurs are utilizing their VHF and UHF allocations for mobile-to-mobile and mobile-to-repeater operation. In addition to the vast public service capabilities of this group, it also provides a proving ground for new devices and technology. Filling the needs of an expanding mobile service will not only require an increased supply of equipment but also careful engineering to assure high standards of technical performance.
{"title":"Use of land mobile by radio amateurs","authors":"T. McMullen","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1976.1622329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1976.1622329","url":null,"abstract":"An increasing number of Radio Amateurs are utilizing their VHF and UHF allocations for mobile-to-mobile and mobile-to-repeater operation. In addition to the vast public service capabilities of this group, it also provides a proving ground for new devices and technology. Filling the needs of an expanding mobile service will not only require an increased supply of equipment but also careful engineering to assure high standards of technical performance.","PeriodicalId":342659,"journal":{"name":"26th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114680504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-03-24DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1976.1622337
H. Massie
The railroad industry is successfully operating, co-channel, several radio controlled remote locomotive systems (slave locomotives) and cab signalling systems within radio range of each other through the use of high security digital transmission. The railroad radio service now has two pair of 450 MHz frequencies assigned nationwide for these systems. This paper will describe the extent these systems are presently being used and the methods employed to avoid intersystem interference while permitting sufficient air time to provide "real time" control and signalling to locomotives.
{"title":"Channel utilization by remote locomotive control systems using digital transmission","authors":"H. Massie","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1976.1622337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1976.1622337","url":null,"abstract":"The railroad industry is successfully operating, co-channel, several radio controlled remote locomotive systems (slave locomotives) and cab signalling systems within radio range of each other through the use of high security digital transmission. The railroad radio service now has two pair of 450 MHz frequencies assigned nationwide for these systems. This paper will describe the extent these systems are presently being used and the methods employed to avoid intersystem interference while permitting sufficient air time to provide \"real time\" control and signalling to locomotives.","PeriodicalId":342659,"journal":{"name":"26th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127490243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-03-24DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1976.1622312
L. Unnewehr, P. Piątkowski, G. Giardini
A brushless DC motor is proposed as a potential replacement for DC commutator type motors presently used in almost all automotive applications. A prototype brushless motor has been designed and assembled into the AC blower assembly used on many Ford vehicles in order to evaluate this motor in terms of performance, cost, maintenance, operating problems, size, and weight as compared to the existing commutator motor used in this blower. The new motor operates from the 12-volt vehicle battery through an electronic controller which replaces the lossy resistive controls used on the existing blower system. The new brushless motor is expected to result in the following improvements over the present blower motors: 1. Elimination of the brush-commutator system, which is presently a source of high maintenance and warranty costs on the AC/heaters in vehicles. The motor is maintenance free, except for bearing wear. Data collected by the U.S. Department of Defense for reliability predictions shows that commutator motors have a failure rate of from two to six times that of brushless motors, depending upon operating speed [1]. 2. Simpler construction of the brushless machine in which, besides eliminating the brush-commutator of the DC commutator type, a very simple, stationary, solenoidal electrical coil replaces the complex, rotating, armature winding of the commutator machine. No permanent magnets are used in the field. 3. Improved energy efficiency; the electronic control scheme eliminates the energy loss in resistors presently used to control speed. 4. The electrical winding in the brushless motor is not restricted as to shape or material, but can be adapted to suit the economic and technical restrictions of the time. Material can be copper, aluminum, or high conductivity alloys, and constructed from round, square, strip, or braided conductors. 5. The motor is insensitive to temperature variations compared to PM motors. 6. Due to the simple structure of the motor, the overall volume occupied by the blower assembly is reduced about 25%. 7. A damaged or burned out electrical coil can be quickly and simply replaced without the need for replacing any other motor parts.
{"title":"A brushless DC motor for vehicular AC/heater applications","authors":"L. Unnewehr, P. Piątkowski, G. Giardini","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1976.1622312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1976.1622312","url":null,"abstract":"A brushless DC motor is proposed as a potential replacement for DC commutator type motors presently used in almost all automotive applications. A prototype brushless motor has been designed and assembled into the AC blower assembly used on many Ford vehicles in order to evaluate this motor in terms of performance, cost, maintenance, operating problems, size, and weight as compared to the existing commutator motor used in this blower. The new motor operates from the 12-volt vehicle battery through an electronic controller which replaces the lossy resistive controls used on the existing blower system. The new brushless motor is expected to result in the following improvements over the present blower motors: 1. Elimination of the brush-commutator system, which is presently a source of high maintenance and warranty costs on the AC/heaters in vehicles. The motor is maintenance free, except for bearing wear. Data collected by the U.S. Department of Defense for reliability predictions shows that commutator motors have a failure rate of from two to six times that of brushless motors, depending upon operating speed [1]. 2. Simpler construction of the brushless machine in which, besides eliminating the brush-commutator of the DC commutator type, a very simple, stationary, solenoidal electrical coil replaces the complex, rotating, armature winding of the commutator machine. No permanent magnets are used in the field. 3. Improved energy efficiency; the electronic control scheme eliminates the energy loss in resistors presently used to control speed. 4. The electrical winding in the brushless motor is not restricted as to shape or material, but can be adapted to suit the economic and technical restrictions of the time. Material can be copper, aluminum, or high conductivity alloys, and constructed from round, square, strip, or braided conductors. 5. The motor is insensitive to temperature variations compared to PM motors. 6. Due to the simple structure of the motor, the overall volume occupied by the blower assembly is reduced about 25%. 7. A damaged or burned out electrical coil can be quickly and simply replaced without the need for replacing any other motor parts.","PeriodicalId":342659,"journal":{"name":"26th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125877292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-03-24DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1976.1622339
G. S. Kaplan, A.D. Ritzie
{"title":"An X-band system for automatic location and tracking of vehicles using semi-passive signpost reflectors","authors":"G. S. Kaplan, A.D. Ritzie","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1976.1622339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1976.1622339","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":342659,"journal":{"name":"26th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121853004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-03-24DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1976.1622315
C. Bean, E.A. Grabhorn
Since its inception in 1957, the growth of air-ground, public radio/telephone (AGPRT) service has seen rather modest growth with annual shipments of airborne radio units in 1975 amounting to only about $1.5 million. However, with the continued rapid expansion of business aviation, and improved air-ground, radio/telephone service provided by wider ground station coverage and better quality airborne sets, it is expected that significant growth in air-ground telephone services will occur during the next decade. This paper examines the past history of public air-ground radio/telephone services and the various factors that inhibited more rapid growth in both the civil air carrier and general aviation fields. It provides descriptions of existing systems and reviews past frequency assignments and general problems that have tended to discourage more widespread use of this service. This report projects both air carrier and general aviation activity where air-ground public radio telephone (AGPRT) has a tremendous service potential. With a population of some 75,000 business aircraft anticipated by 1985, it anticipates that tremendous growth in AGPRT is quite possible. It reviews the status of active and pending ground station licenses, the amount of present and projected traffic through typical ground stations and reviews the products and plans of both equipment manufacturers and service companies in the field. In addition, this analysis includes a review of FCC Docket 18262 and its implications for AGPRT service, the possible renewed interest on the part of air carriers in this service in preparation for the 1979 World Administrative Radio Conference, and the role of ARINC and other operators (including radio and telephone common carriers) in planning for and implementing new public air-ground radio services. The report concludes with the identification of key factors that will affect future activities in this field and permit the inherent growth potential to be realized.
{"title":"The outlook for U.S. air-ground public radio/telephone services","authors":"C. Bean, E.A. Grabhorn","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1976.1622315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1976.1622315","url":null,"abstract":"Since its inception in 1957, the growth of air-ground, public radio/telephone (AGPRT) service has seen rather modest growth with annual shipments of airborne radio units in 1975 amounting to only about $1.5 million. However, with the continued rapid expansion of business aviation, and improved air-ground, radio/telephone service provided by wider ground station coverage and better quality airborne sets, it is expected that significant growth in air-ground telephone services will occur during the next decade. This paper examines the past history of public air-ground radio/telephone services and the various factors that inhibited more rapid growth in both the civil air carrier and general aviation fields. It provides descriptions of existing systems and reviews past frequency assignments and general problems that have tended to discourage more widespread use of this service. This report projects both air carrier and general aviation activity where air-ground public radio telephone (AGPRT) has a tremendous service potential. With a population of some 75,000 business aircraft anticipated by 1985, it anticipates that tremendous growth in AGPRT is quite possible. It reviews the status of active and pending ground station licenses, the amount of present and projected traffic through typical ground stations and reviews the products and plans of both equipment manufacturers and service companies in the field. In addition, this analysis includes a review of FCC Docket 18262 and its implications for AGPRT service, the possible renewed interest on the part of air carriers in this service in preparation for the 1979 World Administrative Radio Conference, and the role of ARINC and other operators (including radio and telephone common carriers) in planning for and implementing new public air-ground radio services. The report concludes with the identification of key factors that will affect future activities in this field and permit the inherent growth potential to be realized.","PeriodicalId":342659,"journal":{"name":"26th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121421718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-03-24DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1976.1622311
M. Ibamoto, Y. Onoda, H. Kiwaki, R. Kasama, J. Toyama
We have made sustained efforts to develop a method of controlling thyristor chopper equipment by utilizing a magnetic phase shifter. These efforts have crystallized in the production of thyristor choppers used for the Japanese National Railway New Trunk Line cars, battery-operated locomotives used for the construction work of the Seikan Undersea Tunnel, and other projects. We have recently attained further success in developing a new method for controlling thyristor choppers, which is suitable for battery-operated vehicles such as fork lifts and electric cars. In contrast to the conventional method which causes the magnetic phase shifter to control the chopper ON-gate signals, this new method causes the magnetic phase shifter to control its OFF-gate signals. As a result, the chopper's region of a low conduction ratio, often used during brake control of battery-operated vehicles, can be controlled by the magnetic phase shifter region nearby its saturated region, thus quickening chopper response. In addition to this feature, the new method offers many additional merits.
{"title":"Off-gate signals controlled thyristor chopper equipment for battery-operated vehicles using magnetic phase shifter","authors":"M. Ibamoto, Y. Onoda, H. Kiwaki, R. Kasama, J. Toyama","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1976.1622311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1976.1622311","url":null,"abstract":"We have made sustained efforts to develop a method of controlling thyristor chopper equipment by utilizing a magnetic phase shifter. These efforts have crystallized in the production of thyristor choppers used for the Japanese National Railway New Trunk Line cars, battery-operated locomotives used for the construction work of the Seikan Undersea Tunnel, and other projects. We have recently attained further success in developing a new method for controlling thyristor choppers, which is suitable for battery-operated vehicles such as fork lifts and electric cars. In contrast to the conventional method which causes the magnetic phase shifter to control the chopper ON-gate signals, this new method causes the magnetic phase shifter to control its OFF-gate signals. As a result, the chopper's region of a low conduction ratio, often used during brake control of battery-operated vehicles, can be controlled by the magnetic phase shifter region nearby its saturated region, thus quickening chopper response. In addition to this feature, the new method offers many additional merits.","PeriodicalId":342659,"journal":{"name":"26th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122038338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-03-24DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1976.1622317
W. T. Outlaw
A computer-controlled terminal offers numerous advantages in efficiency and versatility when applied to a mobile-telephone communications system. This paper briefly describes a particular computer-controlled terminal and uses an example to show how complex systems requirements can be satisfied by using this terminal.
{"title":"Applications of a computer-controlled terminal to mobile-telephone communication systems","authors":"W. T. Outlaw","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1976.1622317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1976.1622317","url":null,"abstract":"A computer-controlled terminal offers numerous advantages in efficiency and versatility when applied to a mobile-telephone communications system. This paper briefly describes a particular computer-controlled terminal and uses an example to show how complex systems requirements can be satisfied by using this terminal.","PeriodicalId":342659,"journal":{"name":"26th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124251629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-03-24DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1976.1622344
H. Drake, J.E. Pera, J. Pedroso
An effective computer-aided dispatch system has been installed in Caracas, Venezuela, using microcomputers at both ends of a vehicular data system. The resulting system includes many significant features that would probably not be economical had they been executed with random logic design.
{"title":"Vehicular data system using microcomputers applied to computer-aided police dispatch","authors":"H. Drake, J.E. Pera, J. Pedroso","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1976.1622344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1976.1622344","url":null,"abstract":"An effective computer-aided dispatch system has been installed in Caracas, Venezuela, using microcomputers at both ends of a vehicular data system. The resulting system includes many significant features that would probably not be economical had they been executed with random logic design.","PeriodicalId":342659,"journal":{"name":"26th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134241087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-03-24DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1976.1622338
J. Cohn, C. Backof, E. Bruckert
Bus flow through a route is analyzed and modeled, and the effects of various control strategies on bus flow are measured using computer simulation. Passenger loading and unloading times are shown to be the mechanism whereby positive feedback occurs, amplifying deviations from schedule. The application of control to the route model results in a 67% reduction in the standard deviation of trip time, and a 25% reduction in passenger average waiting time.
{"title":"Quantitative analysis of bus location and control","authors":"J. Cohn, C. Backof, E. Bruckert","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1976.1622338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1976.1622338","url":null,"abstract":"Bus flow through a route is analyzed and modeled, and the effects of various control strategies on bus flow are measured using computer simulation. Passenger loading and unloading times are shown to be the mechanism whereby positive feedback occurs, amplifying deviations from schedule. The application of control to the route model results in a 67% reduction in the standard deviation of trip time, and a 25% reduction in passenger average waiting time.","PeriodicalId":342659,"journal":{"name":"26th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125047531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-03-24DOI: 10.1109/VTC.1976.1622313
G. Takasaki, R. Fenton
The achievement of safe and efficient longitudinal control is probably the most significant technical problem associated with individual automated-vehicle transport systems such as PRT, dual-mode, and the automatic highway. Several aspects of such control are of concern here: the specification of a realistic model of vehicle longitudinal dynamics; the use of those dynamics in the design of a vehicle controller to meet specifications typical of those for future systems; and the implementation and full-scale testing of the designed controller.
{"title":"On vehicle longitudinal dynamics—Identication and control","authors":"G. Takasaki, R. Fenton","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1976.1622313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1976.1622313","url":null,"abstract":"The achievement of safe and efficient longitudinal control is probably the most significant technical problem associated with individual automated-vehicle transport systems such as PRT, dual-mode, and the automatic highway. Several aspects of such control are of concern here: the specification of a realistic model of vehicle longitudinal dynamics; the use of those dynamics in the design of a vehicle controller to meet specifications typical of those for future systems; and the implementation and full-scale testing of the designed controller.","PeriodicalId":342659,"journal":{"name":"26th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115008866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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