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2019 IEEE International Conference on Unmanned Systems (ICUS)最新文献

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Hover Control of New type ducted aircraft 新型导管飞行器的悬停控制
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS48101.2019.8995931
Peijun Liu, Hongbin Deng, Shikun Wang, Kewei Li, Yiran Wei
In this paper, a new type of foldable winged unmanned aerial vehicle is designed, and the structure of the aircraft is analyzed. The dynamic model is established and an improved sliding mode control algorithm is used to control the attitude of the aircraft. In addition, a centroid position control method using attitude compensation is designed for the coupling characteristics of this aircraft. The simulation proves that the attitude and position of the new aircraft can be effectively controlled.
设计了一种新型可折叠翼无人机,并对其结构进行了分析。建立了飞行器的动力学模型,采用改进的滑模控制算法对飞行器的姿态进行控制。此外,针对该型飞行器的耦合特性,设计了一种基于姿态补偿的质心位置控制方法。仿真结果表明,新型飞行器的姿态和位置能够得到有效控制。
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引用次数: 0
Detecting Grasping Positions and Postures in 3D Point Clouds by Geometric Constraints 利用几何约束检测三维点云中的抓取位置和姿态
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS48101.2019.8996056
Shiming Zhao, Yingqiu Xu, Yingzi Tan
In this paper, a method of positioning grasping points and grasping posture on strange objects by using geometric constraints is proposed. The input to the algorithm is point clouds of the objects and the geometric parameters of the gripper of the manipulator. The output of the algorithm is a set of grasping points and grasping posture, which can be expected to be the best target for the manipulator to grasp the object. The algorithm first determines the grasping geometric parameters of the gripper, and then sets a series of necessary conditions for grasping the objects successfully. After that, a large number of grasp point samples are carried out on the point cloud and the necessary conditions are used for filtering to obtain a set of potential grasping points. Finally, a kind of weighted calculation method is used to obtain the best grasps. The algorithm does not need to know the objects in advance, and it can get a better grasping effect on some objects with special shape (such as ring). The algorithm is provided as a ROS package for download at https://github.com/ZSM2019/Geometry_Grasp.
提出了一种利用几何约束对陌生物体进行抓取点和抓取姿态定位的方法。该算法的输入是物体的点云和机械手夹持器的几何参数。该算法的输出是一组抓取点和抓取姿态,可以预期这是机械手抓取物体的最佳目标。该算法首先确定抓取器的抓取几何参数,然后设置成功抓取物体的一系列必要条件。然后,对点云进行大量抓取点样本,并根据必要条件进行滤波,得到一组潜在的抓取点。最后,采用一种加权计算方法获得最佳抓地力。该算法不需要事先了解物体,对一些形状特殊的物体(如圆环)可以获得较好的抓取效果。该算法以ROS包的形式提供,可从https://github.com/ZSM2019/Geometry_Grasp下载。
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引用次数: 1
Observability Enhancement of the Target Tracking Model Based on Infrared Semi-strapdown Seeker 基于红外半捷联导引头的目标跟踪模型的可观测性增强
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS48101.2019.8996025
Peng Siting, Zhao Qian, Ma Yichao, Xu Cheng
As an important device for target interception, The seeker is used to search, recognize and track the target autonomously. Infrared semi-strapdown seekers are widely used in applications due to their low cost and small size. However, one non-negligible disadvantage of semi-strapdown infrared seekers is that the observability of target tracking model is poor, especially for the interception of high-speed maneuvering weapons. In this paper, the target tracking model ( i.e., the filtering estimation model) based on the infrared simi-strapdown seeker is established. The observability of the target tracking model is analyzed and the evaluation method of the observability is studied. Simulation results show that the observability of the filtering estimation model can be improved by increasing the relative motion between missile and target which results in faster changes of the line-of-sight (LOS) angle. According to the results on the observability analysis, the desired trajectory is obtained through the design of proper guidance law. Nonlinear filtering algorithm is also introduced for the trajectory design. Simulation experiments are conducted for the integrated filtering and guidance, and simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed observability enhancement method.
导引头是一种重要的目标拦截装置,用于对目标进行自主搜索、识别和跟踪。红外半捷联导引头因其成本低、体积小而得到广泛应用。然而,半捷联红外导引头的一个不可忽视的缺点是目标跟踪模型的可观测性差,特别是对高速机动武器的拦截。本文建立了基于红外捷联导引头的目标跟踪模型(即滤波估计模型)。分析了目标跟踪模型的可观测性,研究了可观测性的评价方法。仿真结果表明,增大导弹与目标之间的相对运动可以提高滤波估计模型的可观测性,从而加快视距角的变化速度。根据可观测性分析结果,设计合适的制导律,得到理想的弹道。在弹道设计中引入了非线性滤波算法。仿真实验结果表明,所提出的可观测性增强方法是有效的。
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引用次数: 0
An Intelligent Unmanned Control Method for Redunant Moving Agent 一种冗余移动体的智能无人控制方法
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS48101.2019.8995957
Ying Zhang, Leiyan Tao, Minfeng Wei, Jian Cao, Siwen Xu, Xing Zhang
The paper is about redunant moving agent with intelligent unmanned control. The main task is to complete the construction of redundant fault-tolerant control system of deep neural network, including the infrastructure construction of unmanned agent simulation, the initialization of agent parameters, the construction of redundant controller, and the construction of reinforcement learning decision model. The main purpose is to generate simulated floating point data to train the model, including designing the expected rate and path, kinematics simulation, and training data generation. The kinematics simulation scene construction and decision-making model training use deep learning, whose effect of the system performance is significant.
本文研究了具有智能无人控制的冗余移动体。主要任务是完成深度神经网络冗余容错控制系统的构建,包括无人智能体仿真基础设施的构建、智能体参数的初始化、冗余控制器的构建以及强化学习决策模型的构建。主要目的是生成模拟的浮点数据来训练模型,包括设计期望速率和路径、运动学仿真和训练数据生成。运动学仿真场景构建和决策模型训练均采用深度学习,深度学习对系统性能影响显著。
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引用次数: 5
Cross-cycle iterative unmanned aerial vehicle reentry guidance based on reinforcement learning 基于强化学习的跨周期迭代无人机再入制导
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS48101.2019.8996086
Yang Cheng, Z. Shui, Cheng Xu, Tianyu Feng, Yiyang Jiang
The traditional predictive correction algorithm requires a large number of iterative calculations for the predicted trajectory, which greatly occupies a large amount of computing resources, so that the real-time solution of the guidance command can not be guaranteed, and the guidance accuracy will have a large impact. And the prediction correction guidance requires the algorithm to have the ability of selfadaptation and intelligent learning. Therefore, this paper proposes a cross-cycle iterative hypersonic UAV predictive correction guidance method based on reinforcement learning. The parametric control variable (CVP) method is used to construct the parametric model of the guidance command. The actor-critic-based reinforcement learning method is used to solve the guidance command in real time, and the guidance information is effectively transmitted in the adjacent guidance solution cycle. The guidance error converges to within the allowable accuracy range during the cross-cycle iteration. Monte Carlo simulation shows that the proposed method has good adaptability to initial conditions and flight parameter uncertainty, and can guarantee the real-time performance of the guidance command while achieving high-precision guidance.
传统的预测修正算法需要对预测轨迹进行大量的迭代计算,极大地占用了大量的计算资源,使得制导命令的实时性得不到保证,对制导精度会产生较大的影响。而预测校正制导要求算法具有自适应能力和智能学习能力。为此,本文提出了一种基于强化学习的跨周期迭代高超声速无人机预测修正制导方法。采用参数控制变量(CVP)方法建立了制导命令的参数化模型。采用基于行为关键的强化学习方法实时求解制导命令,使制导信息在相邻的制导求解周期内有效传递。在交叉周期迭代过程中,制导误差收敛到允许精度范围内。蒙特卡罗仿真结果表明,该方法对初始条件和飞行参数不确定性具有良好的适应性,在保证制导命令实时性的同时实现高精度制导。
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引用次数: 0
A Longitudinal Motion Control Method for Unmanned Truck Based on Acceleration Replanning 基于加速度重规划的无人驾驶卡车纵向运动控制方法
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS48101.2019.8996023
Hao Dong, Shaohang Xu, Da Li, Yuqi Guo, Junqiang Xi
For unmanned ground vehicles, the longitudinal motion control based on desired acceleration, provided by the upper planning module, has static errors. And the commonly used Proportion-Integration (PI) controller tracks the desired speed directly, prone to overshoot and oscillation. In order to overcome these problems, a method based on acceleration replanning is proposed in this paper, considering the dynamic, steady-state and real-time requirements. Simplified nonlinear longitudinal dynamics models are established. Then, 4 parts of the controller are designed based on the models: switching logic based on coast-down; acceleration replanning module by means of backstepping and feedback linearization; throttle adaptive controller and brake controller. Errors of velocity and acceleration can converge to zero quickly meanwhile without overshoot and oscillation, theoretically. Finally, the MATLAB/ Simulink TruckSim co-simulation shows that the designed controller performs better than the PI controller, with speed’s average error reducing by 52%. Besides, the designed controller controls the pedals more smoothly, for it makes full use of the powertrain.
对于地面无人驾驶车辆,上层规划模块提供的基于期望加速度的纵向运动控制存在静态误差。而常用的比例积分(PI)控制器直接跟踪所需的速度,容易出现超调和振荡。为了克服这些问题,本文提出了一种基于加速度重规划的方法,同时考虑了动态、稳态和实时性的要求。建立了简化的非线性纵向动力学模型。然后,在此基础上设计了控制器的4个部分:基于降速的切换逻辑;基于反步和反馈线性化的加速度重规划模块;油门自适应控制器和刹车控制器。从理论上讲,速度和加速度误差可以快速收敛到零,同时没有超调和振荡。最后,MATLAB/ Simulink TruckSim联合仿真表明,所设计的控制器性能优于PI控制器,速度平均误差降低了52%。此外,设计的控制器使踏板控制更加平稳,充分利用了动力系统。
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引用次数: 0
A Landmark Detection and Recognition Algorithm for UAV Autonomous Pitching 无人机自主俯仰的地标检测与识别算法
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS48101.2019.8996073
Xiaoxiao Xie, Yan Ding, Xinliang Huang
Landmark detection and recognition algorithm is a very important technology for vision-based Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) autonomous pitching. The deformation and rotation of landmarks and the background distraction will be the challenges for detection and recognition. Based on Support Vector Machine (SVM) and the appearance features of landmarks, a landmark detection and recognition algorithm is proposed in this paper. The algorithm presents a landmark detection scheme based on ellipse detection which forms ellipses by optimized arcs and estimates parameters in a decomposed space using Hough transform. To get better edge features, a segmentation is designed to reduce the background noise. Due to the lack of direction information of landmarks in detection procedure, a SVM classifier with a multi-direction voting mechanism is presented for recognition. We expand the training sample set through the affine transformation and make a vote on classification results from multiple directions to achieve accurate landmark recognition. Experimental results show that our landmark detection and recognition algorithm is effective on the UAV platform and the adaptability to the environment is strong.
地标检测与识别算法是实现基于视觉的无人机自主俯仰的一项重要技术。地标的变形和旋转以及背景的干扰将是检测和识别的挑战。本文提出了一种基于支持向量机(SVM)和地标外观特征的地标检测与识别算法。该算法提出了一种基于椭圆检测的地标检测方案,利用优化后的圆弧形成椭圆,并利用霍夫变换对分解后的空间进行参数估计。为了得到更好的边缘特征,设计了一种减少背景噪声的分割方法。针对检测过程中缺少地标方向信息的问题,提出了一种基于多方向投票机制的支持向量机分类器进行识别。我们通过仿射变换对训练样本集进行扩展,并对多个方向的分类结果进行投票,实现准确的地标识别。实验结果表明,该算法在无人机平台上是有效的,对环境的适应性强。
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引用次数: 1
Bottom-up Estimation of Geometric Layout for Indoor Images 室内图像几何布局的自底向上估计
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS48101.2019.8996010
Yuxiao Wang, Yaochen Li, Ming Zeng, Zikun Dong, Jian Yuan, Ziwei Wang
In this paper, we propose a bottom-up approach to estimate the geometric layout of indoor images using latent variables. By utilizing latent variables to model subregions, the estimation accuracy of scene layout is implicitly improved. The proposed method consists of three sub-tasks: feature extraction, subregion classification and geometric layout classification. Firstly, the location features are extracted to roughly estimate the basic indoor structure. The influence of illumination, rich color, and foreground occlusion can be eliminated. Secondly, N-slack SSVM is applied to efficiently classify the location features extracted in the previous step. Finally, the bag-of-words model is combined with cosine similarity and information divergence filtering to improve the fault tolerance of the geometric layout classification task. The classification accuracy can reach 0.982, which well demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
在本文中,我们提出了一种自下而上的方法来估计室内图像的几何布局使用潜变量。利用潜在变量对子区域进行建模,可以隐式提高场景布局的估计精度。该方法包括三个子任务:特征提取、子区域分类和几何布局分类。首先提取位置特征,粗略估计室内基本结构;可以消除光照、丰富色彩和前景遮挡的影响。其次,利用N-slack SSVM对前一步提取的位置特征进行有效分类。最后,将词袋模型与余弦相似度和信息发散滤波相结合,提高了几何布局分类任务的容错性。分类精度可达0.982,很好地证明了所提方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Time-Cooperative Guidance Law for Multiple UAVs with Angle Constraints 具有角度约束的多无人机时间协同制导律
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS48101.2019.8995997
Z. Yi, Fang Guowei, Yang Xiu-xia, Cao Weiyi, Yan Xuan
In order to improve the penetration and strike capability of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), a cooperative guidance law is presented for multiple UAVs attacks on the same maneuvering target. Firstly, based on the finite-time consistency convergence theory, a multiple UAVs time cooperative guidance law is designed, the guidance law is not bound by the end time, which enhances the anti-interference ability during the guidance period. Secondly, based on the sliding mode variable structure control theory, the guidance law of multiple UAVs attack angle constraint is designed; the guidance law is optimized according to the quasi- sliding mode control, which weakens the chattering of the sliding mode. Finally, the simulation verifies the effectiveness of the designed guidance law.
为了提高无人机的突防和打击能力,提出了多架无人机对同一机动目标攻击的协同制导律。首先,基于有限时间一致性收敛理论,设计了一种多无人机时间协同制导律,该制导律不受结束时间的约束,增强了制导期间的抗干扰能力;其次,基于滑模变结构控制理论,设计了多无人机攻角约束的制导律;根据准滑模控制对制导律进行了优化,减弱了滑模的抖振。最后通过仿真验证了所设计制导律的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Current Status of insect-inspired Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicles 昆虫型扑翼微型飞行器的研究现状
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS48101.2019.8996060
Jiaxin Zhao, Weiping Zhang, Chenyang Wang, Zou Yang, Jiahao Wang
The insect-inspired Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicles(FWMAV) has always been a one of the research focuses and difficulties in the field of bionic unmanned micro-systems. Because the FWMAV’s small size, high concealment, flexibility, which has a broad application prospect. In this paper, the development process and critical technologies of insect-inspired FWMAV were introduced and summarized according to the driving methods that commonly used in insect-inspired FWMAV: piezoelectric drive, motor drive, electromagnetic drive, and others.
昆虫型扑翼微型飞行器一直是仿生无人微系统领域的研究热点和难点之一。由于FWMAV具有体积小、隐蔽性高、机动灵活等优点,因而具有广阔的应用前景。本文介绍了仿虫FWMAV的发展过程和关键技术,并根据仿虫FWMAV常用的驱动方式:压电驱动、电机驱动、电磁驱动等,对仿虫FWMAV的发展过程和关键技术进行了总结。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2019 IEEE International Conference on Unmanned Systems (ICUS)
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