As those who attend both the AMIA symposia and the annual meetings of the Academy for Health Services Research and Health Policy (formerly, the Association for Health Services Research) can attest, there has been far too little productive research collaboration between the fields of informatics and health services research. Gaps in coordination among informaticians and health services researchers are particularly ironic in that the opportunities for productive collaboration have never been greater. Many integrated delivery systems and insurers now have access to databases that combine clinical and claims data and are applicable to a wide range of research questions. Many new information technologies and systems are being applied in the …
{"title":"Introductory Paper: Bridging the Gap in Medical Informatics and Health Services Research: An Introduction","authors":"Betsy L. Humphreys, Kenneth D. Mandl, M. Cahn","doi":"10.1197/jamia.M0972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1197/jamia.M0972","url":null,"abstract":"As those who attend both the AMIA symposia and the annual meetings of the Academy for Health Services Research and Health Policy (formerly, the Association for Health Services Research) can attest, there has been far too little productive research collaboration between the fields of informatics and health services research. Gaps in coordination among informaticians and health services researchers are particularly ironic in that the opportunities for productive collaboration have never been greater. Many integrated delivery systems and insurers now have access to databases that combine clinical and claims data and are applicable to a wide range of research questions. Many new information technologies and systems are being applied in the …","PeriodicalId":344533,"journal":{"name":"J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc.","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117320582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-01DOI: 10.1136/jamia.2001.0080616
D. Bell, C. Mangione, C. E. Kahn
Consenting visitors to a health survey Web site were randomly assigned to a "matrix" presentation or an "expanded" presentation of survey response options. Among 4,208 visitors to the site over 3 months, 1,615 (38 percent) participated by giving consent and completing the survey. During a pre-trial period, when consent was not required, 914 of 1,667 visitors (55 percent) participated (odds ratio 1.9, P<0.0001). Mean response times were 5.07 minutes for the matrix format and 5.22 minutes for the expanded format (P=0.16). Neither health status scores nor alpha reliability coefficients were substantially influenced by the survey format, but health status scores varied with age and gender as expected from U.S. population norms. In conclusion, presenting response options in a matrix format may not substantially speed survey completion. This study demonstrates a method for rapidly evaluating interface design alternatives using anonymous Web volunteers who have provided informed consent.
{"title":"Research Paper: Randomized Testing of Alternative Survey Formats Using Anonymous Volunteers on the World Wide Web","authors":"D. Bell, C. Mangione, C. E. Kahn","doi":"10.1136/jamia.2001.0080616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.2001.0080616","url":null,"abstract":"Consenting visitors to a health survey Web site were randomly assigned to a \"matrix\" presentation or an \"expanded\" presentation of survey response options. Among 4,208 visitors to the site over 3 months, 1,615 (38 percent) participated by giving consent and completing the survey. During a pre-trial period, when consent was not required, 914 of 1,667 visitors (55 percent) participated (odds ratio 1.9, P<0.0001). Mean response times were 5.07 minutes for the matrix format and 5.22 minutes for the expanded format (P=0.16). Neither health status scores nor alpha reliability coefficients were substantially influenced by the survey format, but health status scores varied with age and gender as expected from U.S. population norms. In conclusion, presenting response options in a matrix format may not substantially speed survey completion. This study demonstrates a method for rapidly evaluating interface design alternatives using anonymous Web volunteers who have provided informed consent.","PeriodicalId":344533,"journal":{"name":"J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc.","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134069027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-01DOI: 10.1136/jamia.2001.0080552
R. Dolin, L. Alschuler, C. Beebe, P. V. Biron, S. Boyer, D. Essin, E. Kimber, T. Lincoln, J. Mattison
Many people know of Health Level 7 (HL7) as an organization that creates health care messaging standards. Health Level 7 is also developing standards for the representation of clinical documents (such as discharge summaries and progress notes). These document standards make up the HL7 Clinical Document Architecture (CDA). The HL7 CDA Framework, release 1.0, became an ANSI-approved HL7 standard in November 2000. This article presents the approach and objectives of the CDA, along with a technical overview of the standard. The CDA is a document markup standard that specifies the structure and semantics of clinical documents. A CDA document is a defined and complete information object that can include text, images, sounds, and other multimedia content. The document can be sent inside an HL7 message and can exist independently, outside a transferring message. The first release of the standard has attempted to fill an important gap by addressing common and largely narrative clinical notes. It deliberately leaves out certain advanced and complex semantics, both to foster broad implementation and to give time for these complex semantics to be fleshed out within HL7. Being a part of the emerging HL7 version 3 family of standards, the CDA derives its semantic content from the shared HL7 Reference Information Model and is implemented in Extensible Markup Language. The HL7 mission is to develop standards that enable semantic interoperability across all platforms. The HL7 version 3 family of standards, including the CDA, are moving us closer to the realization of this vision.
{"title":"Review: The HL7 Clinical Document Architecture","authors":"R. Dolin, L. Alschuler, C. Beebe, P. V. Biron, S. Boyer, D. Essin, E. Kimber, T. Lincoln, J. Mattison","doi":"10.1136/jamia.2001.0080552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.2001.0080552","url":null,"abstract":"Many people know of Health Level 7 (HL7) as an organization that creates health care messaging standards. Health Level 7 is also developing standards for the representation of clinical documents (such as discharge summaries and progress notes). These document standards make up the HL7 Clinical Document Architecture (CDA). The HL7 CDA Framework, release 1.0, became an ANSI-approved HL7 standard in November 2000. This article presents the approach and objectives of the CDA, along with a technical overview of the standard.\u0000\u0000The CDA is a document markup standard that specifies the structure and semantics of clinical documents. A CDA document is a defined and complete information object that can include text, images, sounds, and other multimedia content. The document can be sent inside an HL7 message and can exist independently, outside a transferring message. The first release of the standard has attempted to fill an important gap by addressing common and largely narrative clinical notes. It deliberately leaves out certain advanced and complex semantics, both to foster broad implementation and to give time for these complex semantics to be fleshed out within HL7.\u0000\u0000Being a part of the emerging HL7 version 3 family of standards, the CDA derives its semantic content from the shared HL7 Reference Information Model and is implemented in Extensible Markup Language. The HL7 mission is to develop standards that enable semantic interoperability across all platforms. The HL7 version 3 family of standards, including the CDA, are moving us closer to the realization of this vision.","PeriodicalId":344533,"journal":{"name":"J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc.","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114387405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-09-01DOI: 10.1136/jamia.2001.0080499
H. Murff, J. Kannry
Objectives: In the wake of the Institute of Medicine report, To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System (LT Kohn, JM Corrigan, MS Donaldson, eds; Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1999), numerous advisory panels are advocating widespread implementation of physician order entry as a means to reduce errors and improve patient safety. Successful implementation of an order entry system requires that attention be given to the user interface. The authors assessed physician satisfaction with the user interface of two different order entry systems—a commercially available product, and the Department of Veterans Affairs Computerized Patient Record System (CPRS). Design and Measurement: A standardized instrument for measuring user satisfaction with physician order entry systems was mailed to internal medicine and medicine-pediatrics house staff physicians. The subjects answered questions on each system using a 0 to 9 scale. Results: The survey response rates were 63 and 64 percent for the two order entry systems. Overall, house staff were dissatisfied with the commercial system, giving it an overall mean score of 3.67 (95 percent confidence interval [95%CI], 3.37–3.97). In contrast, the CPRS had a mean score of 7.21 (95% CI, 7.00–7.43), indicating that house staff were satisfied with the system. Overall satisfaction was most strongly correlated with the ability to perform tasks in a “straightforward” manner. Conclusions: User satisfaction differed significantly between the two order entry systems, suggesting that all order entry systems are not equally usable. Given the national usage of the two order entry systems studied, further studies are needed to assess physician satisfaction with use of these same systems at other institutions.
目标:在医学研究所报告之后，犯错是人:建立一个更安全的卫生系统(LT Kohn, JM Corrigan, MS Donaldson编辑;华盛顿特区:国家科学院出版社，1999年)，许多咨询小组提倡广泛实施医嘱输入，作为减少错误和提高患者安全的手段。订单输入系统的成功实现需要注意用户界面。作者评估了医生对两种不同的订单输入系统用户界面的满意度——一种是市售产品，另一种是退伍军人事务部计算机病历系统(CPRS)。设计和测量:将一种用于测量用户对医嘱输入系统满意度的标准化仪器邮寄给内科和儿科医院的工作人员医生。受试者用0到9的等级回答每个系统上的问题。结果:两种订单输入系统的调查回复率分别为63%和64%。总体而言，院务人员对商业系统不满意，总体平均得分为3.67分(95%置信区间[95%CI]， 3.37-3.97)。相比之下，CPRS的平均得分为7.21 (95% CI, 7.00-7.43)，表明院务工作人员对该系统感到满意。总体满意度与以“直截了当”的方式完成任务的能力密切相关。结论:用户满意度在两种订单输入系统之间存在显著差异，表明所有订单输入系统的可用性并不相同。鉴于所研究的两种订单输入系统的全国使用情况，需要进一步的研究来评估医生对其他机构使用这些相同系统的满意度。
{"title":"Research Paper: Physician Satisfaction with Two Order Entry Systems","authors":"H. Murff, J. Kannry","doi":"10.1136/jamia.2001.0080499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.2001.0080499","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: In the wake of the Institute of Medicine report, To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System (LT Kohn, JM Corrigan, MS Donaldson, eds; Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1999), numerous advisory panels are advocating widespread implementation of physician order entry as a means to reduce errors and improve patient safety. Successful implementation of an order entry system requires that attention be given to the user interface. The authors assessed physician satisfaction with the user interface of two different order entry systems—a commercially available product, and the Department of Veterans Affairs Computerized Patient Record System (CPRS).\u0000\u0000Design and Measurement: A standardized instrument for measuring user satisfaction with physician order entry systems was mailed to internal medicine and medicine-pediatrics house staff physicians. The subjects answered questions on each system using a 0 to 9 scale.\u0000\u0000Results: The survey response rates were 63 and 64 percent for the two order entry systems. Overall, house staff were dissatisfied with the commercial system, giving it an overall mean score of 3.67 (95 percent confidence interval [95%CI], 3.37–3.97). In contrast, the CPRS had a mean score of 7.21 (95% CI, 7.00–7.43), indicating that house staff were satisfied with the system. Overall satisfaction was most strongly correlated with the ability to perform tasks in a “straightforward” manner.\u0000\u0000Conclusions: User satisfaction differed significantly between the two order entry systems, suggesting that all order entry systems are not equally usable. Given the national usage of the two order entry systems studied, further studies are needed to assess physician satisfaction with use of these same systems at other institutions.","PeriodicalId":344533,"journal":{"name":"J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc.","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128225623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-01DOI: 10.1136/jamia.2001.0080349
F. Pinciroli
An evident contrast exists between the generally easy way medical doctors and administrators use the term "telemedicine" and the wide variety of significantly different technologic methods and devices necessary for correctly performing specific tasks in the field. Many misunderstandings could be avoided by agreeing on the types of services that telemedicine can provide, names for those services, and descriptions of what is included in the services. This manifesto lists representative services, with a proposed name for and description of each.
{"title":"Viewpoint: A Manifesto on Telehealth and Telemedicine","authors":"F. Pinciroli","doi":"10.1136/jamia.2001.0080349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.2001.0080349","url":null,"abstract":"An evident contrast exists between the generally easy way medical doctors and administrators use the term \"telemedicine\" and the wide variety of significantly different technologic methods and devices necessary for correctly performing specific tasks in the field. Many misunderstandings could be avoided by agreeing on the types of services that telemedicine can provide, names for those services, and descriptions of what is included in the services. This manifesto lists representative services, with a proposed name for and description of each.","PeriodicalId":344533,"journal":{"name":"J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125185043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-01DOI: 10.1136/jamia.2001.0080391
B. J. Ingui, M. Rogers
Objectives: Clinical prediction rules have been advocated as a possible mechanism to enhance clinical judgment in diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic assessment. Despite renewed interest in the their use, inconsistent terminology makes them difficult to index and retrieve by computerized search systems. No validated approaches to locating clinical prediction rules appear in the literature. The objective of this study was to derive and validate an optimal search filter for retrieving clinical prediction rules, using the National Library of Medicine's MEDLINE database. Design: A comparative, retrospective analysis was conducted. The "gold standard" was established by a manual search of all articles from select print journals for the years 1991 through 1998, which identified articles covering various aspects of clinical prediction rules such as derivation, validation, and evaluation. Search filters were derived, from the articles in the July through December issues of the journals (derivation set), by analyzing the textwords (words in the title and abstract) and the medical subject heading (from the MeSH Thesaurus) used to index each article. The accuracy of these filters in retrieving clinical prediction rules was then assessed using articles in the January through June issues (validation set). Measurements: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and positive likelihood ratio of several different search filters were measured. Results: The filter "predict$ OR clinical$ OR outcome$ OR risk$" retrieved 98 percent of clinical prediction rules. Four filters, such as "predict$ OR validat$ OR rule$ OR predictive value of tests," had both sensitivity and specificity above 90 percent. The top-performing filter for positive predictive value and positive likelihood ratio in the validation set was "predict$.ti. AND rule$." Conclusions: Several filters with high retrieval value were found. Depending on the goals and time constraints of the searcher, one of these filters could be used.
{"title":"Research Paper: Searching for Clinical Prediction Rules in MEDLINE","authors":"B. J. Ingui, M. Rogers","doi":"10.1136/jamia.2001.0080391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.2001.0080391","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Clinical prediction rules have been advocated as a possible mechanism to enhance clinical judgment in diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic assessment. Despite renewed interest in the their use, inconsistent terminology makes them difficult to index and retrieve by computerized search systems. No validated approaches to locating clinical prediction rules appear in the literature. The objective of this study was to derive and validate an optimal search filter for retrieving clinical prediction rules, using the National Library of Medicine's MEDLINE database. Design: A comparative, retrospective analysis was conducted. The \"gold standard\" was established by a manual search of all articles from select print journals for the years 1991 through 1998, which identified articles covering various aspects of clinical prediction rules such as derivation, validation, and evaluation. Search filters were derived, from the articles in the July through December issues of the journals (derivation set), by analyzing the textwords (words in the title and abstract) and the medical subject heading (from the MeSH Thesaurus) used to index each article. The accuracy of these filters in retrieving clinical prediction rules was then assessed using articles in the January through June issues (validation set). Measurements: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and positive likelihood ratio of several different search filters were measured. Results: The filter \"predict$ OR clinical$ OR outcome$ OR risk$\" retrieved 98 percent of clinical prediction rules. Four filters, such as \"predict$ OR validat$ OR rule$ OR predictive value of tests,\" had both sensitivity and specificity above 90 percent. The top-performing filter for positive predictive value and positive likelihood ratio in the validation set was \"predict$.ti. AND rule$.\" Conclusions: Several filters with high retrieval value were found. Depending on the goals and time constraints of the searcher, one of these filters could be used.","PeriodicalId":344533,"journal":{"name":"J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc.","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128601369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-05-01DOI: 10.1136/jamia.2001.0080294
Dennis Reynolds
During 2000, the AMIA Board of Directors was engaged in a strategic planning process to re-examine the vision, mission, and goals of the association. As a comparatively new association founded just over a decade ago, this was only the second major strategic planning process for the association, the first having occurred in the early 1990s. The resulting document includes a new vision and mission statement, a set of six major goals to guide the activities of the association, and a set of more specific shorter-term objectives under each of the six goals. The Board examined the overall objectives at some length and identified those it felt to be of particularly high priority in guiding the activities of the association over the next two to three years. The full listing of the objectives can be found on the AMIA Web site at www.amia.org. The purpose of the discussion of objectives below is to highlight those that the Board identified as being the highest priorities in the near term. The role of a vision statement in a strategic plan is to put forward an organization's highest aspirations. It does not address the whys and hows, or the details of implementation, but rather states what the organization sees itself as, and what it wants the world to perceive it to be. For AMIA, this is succinctly stated in the Board's vision for the association: The American Medical Informatics Association is the premier organization to advance discovery and innovation in the use of information in health and biomedicine. This vision is the focus against which the success of the association's programs, products, and planning efforts is ultimately measured. Any of the organization's activities should be justifiable in terms of effectively working to help make and keep AMIA on track toward realizing this vision. …
{"title":"AMIA's New Statement Of Vision, Mission, and Strategic Goals","authors":"Dennis Reynolds","doi":"10.1136/jamia.2001.0080294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.2001.0080294","url":null,"abstract":"During 2000, the AMIA Board of Directors was engaged in a strategic planning process to re-examine the vision, mission, and goals of the association. As a comparatively new association founded just over a decade ago, this was only the second major strategic planning process for the association, the first having occurred in the early 1990s.\u0000\u0000The resulting document includes a new vision and mission statement, a set of six major goals to guide the activities of the association, and a set of more specific shorter-term objectives under each of the six goals. The Board examined the overall objectives at some length and identified those it felt to be of particularly high priority in guiding the activities of the association over the next two to three years. The full listing of the objectives can be found on the AMIA Web site at www.amia.org. The purpose of the discussion of objectives below is to highlight those that the Board identified as being the highest priorities in the near term.\u0000\u0000The role of a vision statement in a strategic plan is to put forward an organization's highest aspirations. It does not address the whys and hows, or the details of implementation, but rather states what the organization sees itself as, and what it wants the world to perceive it to be. For AMIA, this is succinctly stated in the Board's vision for the association: The American Medical Informatics Association is the premier organization to advance discovery and innovation in the use of information in health and biomedicine. \u0000\u0000This vision is the focus against which the success of the association's programs, products, and planning efforts is ultimately measured. Any of the organization's activities should be justifiable in terms of effectively working to help make and keep AMIA on track toward realizing this vision. …","PeriodicalId":344533,"journal":{"name":"J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc.","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123415977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-05-01DOI: 10.1136/jamia.2001.0080281
T. Victor, R. Mera
Objective: This paper provides a detailed description of a method developed for purposes of linking records of individual patients, represented in diverse data sets, across time and geography. Design: The procedure for record linkage has three major components—data standardization, weight estimation, and matching. The proposed method was designed to incorporate a combination of exact and probabilistic matching techniques. Measurements: The procedure was validated using convergent, divergent, and criterion validity measures. Results: The output of the process achieved a sensitivity of 92 percent and a specificity that approached 100 percent. Conclusions: The procedure is a first step in addressing the current trend toward larger and more complex databases.
{"title":"Research Paper: Record Linkage of Health Care Insurance Claims","authors":"T. Victor, R. Mera","doi":"10.1136/jamia.2001.0080281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.2001.0080281","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This paper provides a detailed description of a method developed for purposes of linking records of individual patients, represented in diverse data sets, across time and geography.\u0000\u0000Design: The procedure for record linkage has three major components—data standardization, weight estimation, and matching. The proposed method was designed to incorporate a combination of exact and probabilistic matching techniques.\u0000\u0000Measurements: The procedure was validated using convergent, divergent, and criterion validity measures.\u0000\u0000Results: The output of the process achieved a sensitivity of 92 percent and a specificity that approached 100 percent.\u0000\u0000Conclusions: The procedure is a first step in addressing the current trend toward larger and more complex databases.","PeriodicalId":344533,"journal":{"name":"J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc.","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131892620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-05-01DOI: 10.1136/jamia.2001.0080199
S. Bakken
The contention of the author is that an informatics infrastructure is essential for evidenced-based practice. Five building blocks of an informatics infrastructure for evidence-based practice are proposed: 1) standardized terminologies and structures, 2) digital sources of evidence, 3) standards that facilitate health care data exchange among heterogeneous systems, 4) informatics processes that support the acquisition and application of evidence to a specific clinical situation, and 5) informatics competencies. Selected examples illustrate how each of these building blocks supports the application of evidence to practice and the building of evidence from practice. Although a number of major challenges remain, medical informatics can provide solutions that have the potential to decrease unintended variation in practice and health care errors.
{"title":"Viewpoint: An Informatics Infrastructure Is Essential for Evidence-based Practice","authors":"S. Bakken","doi":"10.1136/jamia.2001.0080199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.2001.0080199","url":null,"abstract":"The contention of the author is that an informatics infrastructure is essential for evidenced-based practice. Five building blocks of an informatics infrastructure for evidence-based practice are proposed: 1) standardized terminologies and structures, 2) digital sources of evidence, 3) standards that facilitate health care data exchange among heterogeneous systems, 4) informatics processes that support the acquisition and application of evidence to a specific clinical situation, and 5) informatics competencies. Selected examples illustrate how each of these building blocks supports the application of evidence to practice and the building of evidence from practice. Although a number of major challenges remain, medical informatics can provide solutions that have the potential to decrease unintended variation in practice and health care errors.","PeriodicalId":344533,"journal":{"name":"J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc.","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115459278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-03-01DOI: 10.1136/jamia.2001.0080174
J. Piniewski-Bond, G. Buck, R. Horowitz, J. H. Schuster, D. Weed, J. Weiner
Objective: To examine the type of information obtainable from scientific papers, using three different methods for the extraction, organization, and preparation of literature reviews. Design: A set of three review papers was identified, and the ideas represented by the authors of those papers were extracted. The 161 articles referenced in those three reviews were then analyzed using 1) a formalized data extraction approach, which uses a protocol-driven manual process to extract the variables, values, and statistical significance of the stated relationships; and 2) a computerized approach known as “Idea Analysis,” which uses the abstracts of the original articles and processes them through a computer software program that reads the abstracts and organizes the ideas presented by the authors. The results were then compared. The literature focused on the human papillomavirus and its relationship to cervical cancer. Results: Idea Analysis was able to identify 68.9 percent of the ideas considered by the authors of the three review papers to be of importance in describing the association between human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. The formalized data extraction identified 27 percent of the authors' ideas. The combination of the two approaches identified 74.3 percent of the ideas considered important in the relationship between human papillomavirus and cervical cancer, as reported by the authors of the three review articles. Conclusion: This research demonstrated that both a technically derived and a computer derived collection, categorization, and summarization of original articles and abstracts could provide a reliable, valid, and reproducible source of ideas duplicating, to a major degree, the ideas presented by subject specialists in review articles. As such, these tools may be useful to experts preparing literature reviews by eliminating many of the clerical-mechanical features associated with present-day scientific text processing.
{"title":"Research Paper: Comparison of Information Processing Technologies","authors":"J. Piniewski-Bond, G. Buck, R. Horowitz, J. H. Schuster, D. Weed, J. Weiner","doi":"10.1136/jamia.2001.0080174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.2001.0080174","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To examine the type of information obtainable from scientific papers, using three different methods for the extraction, organization, and preparation of literature reviews.\u0000\u0000Design: A set of three review papers was identified, and the ideas represented by the authors of those papers were extracted. The 161 articles referenced in those three reviews were then analyzed using 1) a formalized data extraction approach, which uses a protocol-driven manual process to extract the variables, values, and statistical significance of the stated relationships; and 2) a computerized approach known as “Idea Analysis,” which uses the abstracts of the original articles and processes them through a computer software program that reads the abstracts and organizes the ideas presented by the authors. The results were then compared. The literature focused on the human papillomavirus and its relationship to cervical cancer.\u0000\u0000Results: Idea Analysis was able to identify 68.9 percent of the ideas considered by the authors of the three review papers to be of importance in describing the association between human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. The formalized data extraction identified 27 percent of the authors' ideas. The combination of the two approaches identified 74.3 percent of the ideas considered important in the relationship between human papillomavirus and cervical cancer, as reported by the authors of the three review articles.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: This research demonstrated that both a technically derived and a computer derived collection, categorization, and summarization of original articles and abstracts could provide a reliable, valid, and reproducible source of ideas duplicating, to a major degree, the ideas presented by subject specialists in review articles. As such, these tools may be useful to experts preparing literature reviews by eliminating many of the clerical-mechanical features associated with present-day scientific text processing.","PeriodicalId":344533,"journal":{"name":"J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc.","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125577981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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