Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.02.01
Adelia Raihana Nabilah Firdausi
Wood processing in Indonesia produces a lot of sawdust waste that has not been fully utilized. One way to overcome this is to process it into liquid smoke which can be used as raw material for fish preservatives. The process began with pyrolising the sawdust into liquid smoke, the liquid smoke was then purified by distillation, and the results were characterized by GCMS and FTIR. Liquid smoke quality testing was also carried out, namely measuring pH, determining density, testing floating materials, determining organic acid levels, and determining transparency and color. Pyrolysis of Jati wood powder produces 3.5 L of liquid smoke out of 2 Kg sawdust, in which the pyrolysis process was done at 400°C for 4 hours. The main chemical constituents of liquid smoke from Jati wood powder were carbamic acid phenyl ester (22.52%), 2-methoxy-phenol (15.88%), 2-methyl-2-cyclopentanol (10.56%), tetrahydro-2-furanmethanol (8.22%), 2-methyl-phenol (6.78%), and 5-hydroxy-2-heptanone (5.53%). The liquid smoke was yellow, transparent, with a pH value of 3.12 and organic acid content value of 1.196%, with a density of 0.9307 g/cm3 and contain 0.3 mg/mL floating material.
{"title":"Pengolahan Limbah Serbuk Kayu Jati Menjadi Asap Cair","authors":"Adelia Raihana Nabilah Firdausi","doi":"10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"Wood processing in Indonesia produces a lot of sawdust waste that has not been fully utilized. One way to overcome this is to process it into liquid smoke which can be used as raw material for fish preservatives. The process began with pyrolising the sawdust into liquid smoke, the liquid smoke was then purified by distillation, and the results were characterized by GCMS and FTIR. Liquid smoke quality testing was also carried out, namely measuring pH, determining density, testing floating materials, determining organic acid levels, and determining transparency and color. Pyrolysis of Jati wood powder produces 3.5 L of liquid smoke out of 2 Kg sawdust, in which the pyrolysis process was done at 400°C for 4 hours. The main chemical constituents of liquid smoke from Jati wood powder were carbamic acid phenyl ester (22.52%), 2-methoxy-phenol (15.88%), 2-methyl-2-cyclopentanol (10.56%), tetrahydro-2-furanmethanol (8.22%), 2-methyl-phenol (6.78%), and 5-hydroxy-2-heptanone (5.53%). The liquid smoke was yellow, transparent, with a pH value of 3.12 and organic acid content value of 1.196%, with a density of 0.9307 g/cm3 and contain 0.3 mg/mL floating material.","PeriodicalId":344725,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Green Technology Journal","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123479146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.02.05
Firza Rajasa Gunawan
Tanaman pletekan (Ruellia tuberosa L.) diketahui memiliki kandungan metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, fitosterol, sehingga diusulkan memiliki aktivitas biologis sebagai inhibitor enzim alpha-amilase. Mikroenkapsulasi merupakan metode yang dapat melindungi serta mengontrol pelepasan senyawa aktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan mikroenkapsulasi terhadap ekstrak air pletekan dengan menggunakan bahan penyalut gum Arabik dan menguji aktivitasnya sebagai inhibitor untuk enzim alpha-amilase, serta mengetahui karakter mikrokapsul ekstrak air pletekan yang dihasilkan. Mikroenkapsulasi dilakukan pada variasi pH (3, 4, 5, dan 6) dan waktu pengadukan (30, 60, 90, dan 120 menit). Kondisi optimum mikrokapsul ditentukan berdasarkan penentuan efisiensi mikroenkapsulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pH 5 merupakan kondisi optimum dengan nilai efisiensi mikroenkapsulasi sebesar 51,3%. Sedangkan waktu pengadukan 90 menit merupakan kondisi optimum dengan nilai efisiensi mikroenkapsulasi sebesar 52,7%. Uji aktivitas inhibisi enzim alpha-amilase pada mikrokapsul dilakukan pada kondisi optimum menghasilkan nilai IC50 sebesar 71,61 μg/mL. Karakterisasi menggunakan spektrofotometer FTIR menghasilkan bilangan gelombang 3401,51 cm-1 (O-H), 1608,77 cm-1 (C=C), dan 1081,07 cm-1 (C-O-C) yang menandakan terbentuknya mikrokapsul ekstrak air pletekan. Sedangkan hasil karakterisasi menggunakan SEM menunjukkan bahwa permukaan mikrokapsul yang dihasilkan masih heterogeny, dengan kecenderunagn berbentuk bulat, dan menghasilkan ukuran yang beragam berkisar antara 0,933 – 3,08 μm.
{"title":"Mikroenkapsulasi Berbasis Gum Arabik dari Ekstrak Air Pletekan (Ruellia tuberosa L.) dan Aktivitas Inhibisi Terhadap Alpha Amilase","authors":"Firza Rajasa Gunawan","doi":"10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.02.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.02.05","url":null,"abstract":"Tanaman pletekan (Ruellia tuberosa L.) diketahui memiliki kandungan metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, fitosterol, sehingga diusulkan memiliki aktivitas biologis sebagai inhibitor enzim alpha-amilase. Mikroenkapsulasi merupakan metode yang dapat melindungi serta mengontrol pelepasan senyawa aktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan mikroenkapsulasi terhadap ekstrak air pletekan dengan menggunakan bahan penyalut gum Arabik dan menguji aktivitasnya sebagai inhibitor untuk enzim alpha-amilase, serta mengetahui karakter mikrokapsul ekstrak air pletekan yang dihasilkan. Mikroenkapsulasi dilakukan pada variasi pH (3, 4, 5, dan 6) dan waktu pengadukan (30, 60, 90, dan 120 menit). Kondisi optimum mikrokapsul ditentukan berdasarkan penentuan efisiensi mikroenkapsulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pH 5 merupakan kondisi optimum dengan nilai efisiensi mikroenkapsulasi sebesar 51,3%. Sedangkan waktu pengadukan 90 menit merupakan kondisi optimum dengan nilai efisiensi mikroenkapsulasi sebesar 52,7%. Uji aktivitas inhibisi enzim alpha-amilase pada mikrokapsul dilakukan pada kondisi optimum menghasilkan nilai IC50 sebesar 71,61 μg/mL. Karakterisasi menggunakan spektrofotometer FTIR menghasilkan bilangan gelombang 3401,51 cm-1 (O-H), 1608,77 cm-1 (C=C), dan 1081,07 cm-1 (C-O-C) yang menandakan terbentuknya mikrokapsul ekstrak air pletekan. Sedangkan hasil karakterisasi menggunakan SEM menunjukkan bahwa permukaan mikrokapsul yang dihasilkan masih heterogeny, dengan kecenderunagn berbentuk bulat, dan menghasilkan ukuran yang beragam berkisar antara 0,933 – 3,08 μm.","PeriodicalId":344725,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Green Technology Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124800012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.02.04
C. Onana
Fair-trade sustainable hatcheries are designed for developing and emerging countries, such as Cameroon and Indonesia respectively so that they can use their often-generous sunshine at the service of harmonious development. These hatcheries are sustainable by their functioning exclusively from solar irradiation and nocturnal radiative emission. They are fair-trade because of their simplicity which allows them to be manufactured by many local professionals. They are developed so that the compensation in thermal losses is ensured by thermosiphon heat transfer loops thermo-regulated by bimetallic strip. These hatcheries are also designed for tropical or equatorial climatic hazards due to fine modeling of physical phenomena which can also be implemented by using a simple computer. An excellent economic return is expected.
{"title":"Theoretical Study of Fair-Trade Sustainable Hatcheries - Sizing for Cameroon and Indonesia","authors":"C. Onana","doi":"10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.02.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.02.04","url":null,"abstract":"Fair-trade sustainable hatcheries are designed for developing and emerging countries, such as Cameroon and Indonesia respectively so that they can use their often-generous sunshine at the service of harmonious development. These hatcheries are sustainable by their functioning exclusively from solar irradiation and nocturnal radiative emission. They are fair-trade because of their simplicity which allows them to be manufactured by many local professionals. They are developed so that the compensation in thermal losses is ensured by thermosiphon heat transfer loops thermo-regulated by bimetallic strip. These hatcheries are also designed for tropical or equatorial climatic hazards due to fine modeling of physical phenomena which can also be implemented by using a simple computer. An excellent economic return is expected.","PeriodicalId":344725,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Green Technology Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125012692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.02.03
Fitri Ariadna Sodi Miranda
Star anise (Illicium verum) is widely used as a medicinal herb and spice. The extracts, essential oil and oleoresin, can be produced by hydro-distillation and steam distillation, while solvent and supercritical fluid extraction can be used to extract oleoresin. In this work, the star anise is distilled to obtain the oil, subsequently, its residue is extracted by solvent extraction to get the oleoresin. Whole and grounded star anise fruit is distilled by hydro-distillation for 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 hours, thus the highest yield is obtained at 20 hours from grounded fruit, and the highest trans-anethole content of 68.50% is obtained at 8 hours from grounded fruit. Residue from the whole fruit-distillation process is extracted by Soxhlet extraction with three types of solvent (ethanol, diethyl ether, and n-hexane) for 6 hours. The highest yield was obtained from ethanol extraction with 1.16% yield and the highest content of trans-anethol was obtained from n-hexane fraction. One sample with the highest content of anethole from whole and grounded fruit-distilled oil and oleoresin are picked, and later they are tested to measure their antioxidant capacity by Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power Assay (FRAP).
{"title":"Continuous Essential Oil and Oleoresin Extraction from Star Anise (Illicium verum) by Hydrodistillation and Solvent Extraction","authors":"Fitri Ariadna Sodi Miranda","doi":"10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"Star anise (Illicium verum) is widely used as a medicinal herb and spice. The extracts, essential oil and oleoresin, can be produced by hydro-distillation and steam distillation, while solvent and supercritical fluid extraction can be used to extract oleoresin. In this work, the star anise is distilled to obtain the oil, subsequently, its residue is extracted by solvent extraction to get the oleoresin. Whole and grounded star anise fruit is distilled by hydro-distillation for 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 hours, thus the highest yield is obtained at 20 hours from grounded fruit, and the highest trans-anethole content of 68.50% is obtained at 8 hours from grounded fruit. Residue from the whole fruit-distillation process is extracted by Soxhlet extraction with three types of solvent (ethanol, diethyl ether, and n-hexane) for 6 hours. The highest yield was obtained from ethanol extraction with 1.16% yield and the highest content of trans-anethol was obtained from n-hexane fraction. One sample with the highest content of anethole from whole and grounded fruit-distilled oil and oleoresin are picked, and later they are tested to measure their antioxidant capacity by Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power Assay (FRAP).","PeriodicalId":344725,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Green Technology Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128960220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.02.02
Taritsu Hazal Faradis
Jatropha curcas L. is one of the seed plants that have lipase activity and can work well in hydrolysis reactions and chemical synthesis. This study aims to determine lipase activity that reacts with castor oil in organic solvents. In this research, organic solvents, especially hydrophobic solvents, were used in the hydrolysis reaction to increase lipase's catalytic activity. The organic solvent used has a hydrophobicity level between 2 and 4, namely hexane. The research stages consisted of lipase isolation, lipase assay, the effect of adding metal ions assay, and analysis of the compound of castor oil. The results showed that jatropha seeds had lipase activity in crude of 0.603 U/mL and increased to 0.911 U/mL after the addition of K+. The result of hydrolysis and transesterification of castor oil by lipase is ricinoleic acid (4,58%) and methyl ricinoleic (11,67%), and the concentration of ricinoleic acid (17.09%) and methyl ricinoleic (60.83%) were increased after addition of K+. The esterification reaction produces alkyl ester compounds such as methyl palmitate, ethyl pentadecanoate, methyl linoleate, methyl oleate, and methyl stearate. The lipase isolated from jatropha seeds not only catalyzes the hydrolysis reaction but also catalyzes chemical synthesis reactions such as esterification and transesterification.
{"title":"The Activity of Lipase From Jatropha Seed (Jatropha Curcas L.) And Its Application On Hydrolysis of Castor Oil In Organic Solvent","authors":"Taritsu Hazal Faradis","doi":"10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"Jatropha curcas L. is one of the seed plants that have lipase activity and can work well in hydrolysis reactions and chemical synthesis. This study aims to determine lipase activity that reacts with castor oil in organic solvents. In this research, organic solvents, especially hydrophobic solvents, were used in the hydrolysis reaction to increase lipase's catalytic activity. The organic solvent used has a hydrophobicity level between 2 and 4, namely hexane. The research stages consisted of lipase isolation, lipase assay, the effect of adding metal ions assay, and analysis of the compound of castor oil. The results showed that jatropha seeds had lipase activity in crude of 0.603 U/mL and increased to 0.911 U/mL after the addition of K+. The result of hydrolysis and transesterification of castor oil by lipase is ricinoleic acid (4,58%) and methyl ricinoleic (11,67%), and the concentration of ricinoleic acid (17.09%) and methyl ricinoleic (60.83%) were increased after addition of K+. The esterification reaction produces alkyl ester compounds such as methyl palmitate, ethyl pentadecanoate, methyl linoleate, methyl oleate, and methyl stearate. The lipase isolated from jatropha seeds not only catalyzes the hydrolysis reaction but also catalyzes chemical synthesis reactions such as esterification and transesterification.","PeriodicalId":344725,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Green Technology Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121797953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-22DOI: 10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.01.02
Vincentius Johar Windrayan Pambudi
Essential oil inside beverage emulsion became an interesting subject to get a new value for the fast-moving customer goods (FMCG) market. In this study, kaffir lime oil (KFO) physicochemical stanility properties and antibacterial test on formulation of kaffir lime oil in water beverage emulsions was investigated. The main ingredients of beverage emulsions are 800 ml water, 100 mL high fructose corn syrup (HFCS),5 grams arabic gum as an emulsifier, 0.5 grams vitamin E, and 0.125 mL kaffir lime oil as flavoring and antibacterial. KFO baverage emulsion used instrument with Stability of oil-in-water emulsion was observed by measuring physicochemical properties: pH turbidity, and conductivity. GC-MS characterization on kaffir lime essential oils revealed the top three components, i.e., citronella (46,47%), citronellol (12,22%), and citronellyl acetate (6,48%). FT-IR KFO spectrum had absorbance at 1726 (C=O stretching), 2922, and 2874 cm-1 (C-H stretching from aldehyde). Absorbance was also present on 1454 and 1379 cm-1 (C=C stretching) wavelengths, resembling citronella. Citronella as a main compenent is an active antibacterial agent agains E. Coli. Gum arabic with R−S(=O)₂−OH group addition reduced pH value to 1.1 on each composition addition and increased conductivity by 317.3 μS/cm. Fructose addition reduced the value by 153.4 μS/cm. Turbidity value increased averagely by 46,9 NTU, then reduced by 14,4 NTU. Citronellal in KFO could hinder e-coli bacterial growth and had an alt value >72 CFU/mL. This formulation study produces a beverage product with pH, conductivity, and turbidity values following the standard and has criteria under the microbiological contamination limit of BPOM and SNI standards and key requirement of potable drink product.
{"title":"Formulation and Physicochemical Properties of Kaffir Lime Oil-in-Water Beverage Emulsions and Antibacterial Test","authors":"Vincentius Johar Windrayan Pambudi","doi":"10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"Essential oil inside beverage emulsion became an interesting subject to get a new value for the fast-moving customer goods (FMCG) market. In this study, kaffir lime oil (KFO) physicochemical stanility properties and antibacterial test on formulation of kaffir lime oil in water beverage emulsions was investigated. The main ingredients of beverage emulsions are 800 ml water, 100 mL high fructose corn syrup (HFCS),5 grams arabic gum as an emulsifier, 0.5 grams vitamin E, and 0.125 mL kaffir lime oil as flavoring and antibacterial. KFO baverage emulsion used instrument with Stability of oil-in-water emulsion was observed by measuring physicochemical properties: pH turbidity, and conductivity. GC-MS characterization on kaffir lime essential oils revealed the top three components, i.e., citronella (46,47%), citronellol (12,22%), and citronellyl acetate (6,48%). FT-IR KFO spectrum had absorbance at 1726 (C=O stretching), 2922, and 2874 cm-1 (C-H stretching from aldehyde). Absorbance was also present on 1454 and 1379 cm-1 (C=C stretching) wavelengths, resembling citronella. Citronella as a main compenent is an active antibacterial agent agains E. Coli. Gum arabic with R−S(=O)₂−OH group addition reduced pH value to 1.1 on each composition addition and increased conductivity by 317.3 μS/cm. Fructose addition reduced the value by 153.4 μS/cm. Turbidity value increased averagely by 46,9 NTU, then reduced by 14,4 NTU. Citronellal in KFO could hinder e-coli bacterial growth and had an alt value >72 CFU/mL. This formulation study produces a beverage product with pH, conductivity, and turbidity values following the standard and has criteria under the microbiological contamination limit of BPOM and SNI standards and key requirement of potable drink product.","PeriodicalId":344725,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Green Technology Journal","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125612711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-22DOI: 10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.01.05
Novanna Rahma Zani
In recent years, modern farmers usually taking a soil sample to the laboratory or using a soil test kit to know soil macronutrients, i.e., nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), and pH to determine what kind of crop plant is suitable for their agriculture land. However, these manual methods are costly and time consumed. The characteristic of soil samples also possibly changing by time or contact during transport. This paper presents the design and development of a portable integrated soil macronutrient level and pH detection system that can analyze soil samples quickly. To give crop recommendations, IoT components and cloud-based fuzzy inference systems are used. The fuzzy algorithm decides the crop recommendation from the soil pH and level content of N, P, and K. The user can receive the crop recommendation via the android application. Data is sent from the portable system to the cloud system and vice versa using the internet network with HTTP request protocol. The accuracy test results of system plant decision on agricultural land were compared with the fuzzy logic method have a quite uniform crop output with a small error rate of 1,66%.
{"title":"Design and Development of Soil Nutrients Level Detection System based on Soil Color and pH for Crop Recommendations using Fuzzy Algorithms","authors":"Novanna Rahma Zani","doi":"10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, modern farmers usually taking a soil sample to the laboratory or using a soil test kit to know soil macronutrients, i.e., nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), and pH to determine what kind of crop plant is suitable for their agriculture land. However, these manual methods are costly and time consumed. The characteristic of soil samples also possibly changing by time or contact during transport. This paper presents the design and development of a portable integrated soil macronutrient level and pH detection system that can analyze soil samples quickly. To give crop recommendations, IoT components and cloud-based fuzzy inference systems are used. The fuzzy algorithm decides the crop recommendation from the soil pH and level content of N, P, and K. The user can receive the crop recommendation via the android application. Data is sent from the portable system to the cloud system and vice versa using the internet network with HTTP request protocol. The accuracy test results of system plant decision on agricultural land were compared with the fuzzy logic method have a quite uniform crop output with a small error rate of 1,66%.","PeriodicalId":344725,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Green Technology Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131332892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-22DOI: 10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.01.03
Soerjani Widyastuti
Desain praktikum yang ramah lingkungan dan pengolahan limbah laboratorium kimia di perguruan tinggi perlu diperhatikan untuk mengurangi potensi pencemaran di area kampus maupun lingkungan sekitarnya. Hal ini juga media pembelajaran yang baik bagi mahasiswa dalam memadukan konsep kurikulum hijau dan kimia hijau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penerapan konsep kurikulum hijau dan kimia hijau dalam desain praktikum dan pengolahan limbah laboratorium kimia, dengan sampel yaitu Praktikum Kimia Dasar di Fakultas MIPA Universitas Brawijaya 2019-2020. Penelitian ini terbagi dalam beberapa tahapan, yaitu: (1) desain model praktikum, (2) pelaksanaan dan observasi praktikum, (3) pengolahan limbah praktikum, dan (4) evaluasi dan analisa data. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi, konsep kurikulum hijau yang dipadukan dengan konsep kimia hijau di Praktikum Kimia Dasar dapat diterapkan dengan memperhatikan capaian pembelajaran. Tingkat capaian pembelajaran yang masih dalam level dasar (dari segi alat dan bahan kimia yang digunakan), kemudahan dalam substitusi bahan kimia, dan banyaknya pilihan jenis percobaan merupakan alasan utama dalam fisibiltas penerapan konsep ini. Penerapan konsep hijau ini juga dapat mengurangi jumlah dan toksisitas limbah laboratorium, mengurangi biaya bahan kimia yang digunakan dalam praktikum serta dalam pengolahan limbah cair di laboratorium.
为了减少校园内外的污染潜力，需要考虑绿色实验室的设计和化学废物处理。它也是学生整合绿色课程和绿色化学概念的很好的学习媒介。本研究旨在评估绿色和绿色化学课程概念在实验室设计和污水处理中的应用，以及Brawijaya university MIPA 2018 -2020学院的基本化学实践样本。该研究分为几个阶段:(1)设计实务模型，(2)实施和实务观察，(3)污水处理，以及(4)数据评估和分析。根据评估结果，在基本化学实践中，绿色课程概念与绿色化学概念相结合，可以通过观察学习成绩来应用。达到基本水平(从工具和化学的角度)、化学替代能力和实验类型的选择是这个概念的物理应用的主要原因。应用这一绿色概念还可以减少实验室废物的数量和毒性，降低实验室实验室中使用的化学物质和污水处理的成本。
{"title":"Penerapan Konsep Kurikulum Hijau dan Kimia Hijau dalam Desain Praktikum dan Pengolahan Limbah Laboratorium Kimia","authors":"Soerjani Widyastuti","doi":"10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"Desain praktikum yang ramah lingkungan dan pengolahan limbah laboratorium kimia di perguruan tinggi perlu diperhatikan untuk mengurangi potensi pencemaran di area kampus maupun lingkungan sekitarnya. Hal ini juga media pembelajaran yang baik bagi mahasiswa dalam memadukan konsep kurikulum hijau dan kimia hijau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penerapan konsep kurikulum hijau dan kimia hijau dalam desain praktikum dan pengolahan limbah laboratorium kimia, dengan sampel yaitu Praktikum Kimia Dasar di Fakultas MIPA Universitas Brawijaya 2019-2020. Penelitian ini terbagi dalam beberapa tahapan, yaitu: (1) desain model praktikum, (2) pelaksanaan dan observasi praktikum, (3) pengolahan limbah praktikum, dan (4) evaluasi dan analisa data. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi, konsep kurikulum hijau yang dipadukan dengan konsep kimia hijau di Praktikum Kimia Dasar dapat diterapkan dengan memperhatikan capaian pembelajaran. Tingkat capaian pembelajaran yang masih dalam level dasar (dari segi alat dan bahan kimia yang digunakan), kemudahan dalam substitusi bahan kimia, dan banyaknya pilihan jenis percobaan merupakan alasan utama dalam fisibiltas penerapan konsep ini. Penerapan konsep hijau ini juga dapat mengurangi jumlah dan toksisitas limbah laboratorium, mengurangi biaya bahan kimia yang digunakan dalam praktikum serta dalam pengolahan limbah cair di laboratorium.","PeriodicalId":344725,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Green Technology Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129977764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-22DOI: 10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.01.04
Layta Dinira
Biopolymers are known to be abundant and have low toxicity. The use of biopolymers as adsorbent materials in line with the current needs for cheap, environmentally friendly, and high-efficiency adsorbents. The physicochemical properties of biopolymers based on polysaccharide like chitosan as adsorbents can still be explored. This article was written using a systemmatic review conducted by collecting scientific journals from the last ten years related to the use of chitosan for simultaneous analyte separation. According to the systemmatic review, nanoparticles, magnetic particles, inorganic natural materials, and other materials are used to strengthen the robustness and adsorption of chitosan. The chitosan composite used to separate Pb(II) and Cd(II) simultaneously in a multicomponent system showed that other ions in the binary, tertiary, and quaternary systems decreased the adsorption capacity. Adsorption in multicomponent systems is more antagonistic than non-interactional and synergistic. In a multicomponent system, the selectivity of modified chitosan for Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions is determined by the material used for chitosan modification and metal ion properties such as radius and electronegativity. Due to the abundance of chitosan and the increasing amount of industrial wastewater containing heavy metals, modified chitosan for multi-metal adsorption has the potential to be developed in Indonesia.
{"title":"Modifikasi Kitosan sebagai Komposit Biopolimer untuk Pemisahan Pb(II) dan Cd(II) secara Simultan pada Sistem Multikomponen","authors":"Layta Dinira","doi":"10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"Biopolymers are known to be abundant and have low toxicity. The use of biopolymers as adsorbent materials in line with the current needs for cheap, environmentally friendly, and high-efficiency adsorbents. The physicochemical properties of biopolymers based on polysaccharide like chitosan as adsorbents can still be explored. This article was written using a systemmatic review conducted by collecting scientific journals from the last ten years related to the use of chitosan for simultaneous analyte separation. According to the systemmatic review, nanoparticles, magnetic particles, inorganic natural materials, and other materials are used to strengthen the robustness and adsorption of chitosan. The chitosan composite used to separate Pb(II) and Cd(II) simultaneously in a multicomponent system showed that other ions in the binary, tertiary, and quaternary systems decreased the adsorption capacity. Adsorption in multicomponent systems is more antagonistic than non-interactional and synergistic. In a multicomponent system, the selectivity of modified chitosan for Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions is determined by the material used for chitosan modification and metal ion properties such as radius and electronegativity. Due to the abundance of chitosan and the increasing amount of industrial wastewater containing heavy metals, modified chitosan for multi-metal adsorption has the potential to be developed in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":344725,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Green Technology Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117083837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.01.01
Romer Castillo
Green practice is a worldwide policy and everybody is concerned with sustainable development. This study assessed the green warehousing (GWH) practices in the Philippines and its sustainability dimensions. It utilized a quantitative descriptive-survey approach with questionnaire for data collection. The sample consists of 48 warehouses with warehouse managers as respondents. Statistical tests used were frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, Kruskal-Wallis H-Test, and Mann-Whitney U-Test. Results showed most of participating warehouses are located in Parañaque, corporate-owned, small enterprises, operating for 15 years or less, with less than 100 employees, and private. Results further revealed that GWH practices on inventory management and operations were almost always practiced while those on facility design, layout, mechanical handling equipment, staff, and warehouse management system (WMS) were often practiced. Environment, social, and economic GWH practices are also often practiced. Top GWH practices are mostly economic and some social while bottom GWH practices are mostly environmental. Significant differences on GWH practices were found on inventory management, staff, WMS, and social dimension when grouped to location; on WMS when grouped to operation years; and on facility design, environment, and social dimension when grouped to nature of service. These findings may guide warehouse managers in enhancing their GWH practices as they gear towards attaining sustainability in support to the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals.
{"title":"Green Warehousing Practices in the Philippines","authors":"Romer Castillo","doi":"10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Green practice is a worldwide policy and everybody is concerned with sustainable development. This study assessed the green warehousing (GWH) practices in the Philippines and its sustainability dimensions. It utilized a quantitative descriptive-survey approach with questionnaire for data collection. The sample consists of 48 warehouses with warehouse managers as respondents. Statistical tests used were frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, Kruskal-Wallis H-Test, and Mann-Whitney U-Test. Results showed most of participating warehouses are located in Parañaque, corporate-owned, small enterprises, operating for 15 years or less, with less than 100 employees, and private. Results further revealed that GWH practices on inventory management and operations were almost always practiced while those on facility design, layout, mechanical handling equipment, staff, and warehouse management system (WMS) were often practiced. Environment, social, and economic GWH practices are also often practiced. Top GWH practices are mostly economic and some social while bottom GWH practices are mostly environmental. Significant differences on GWH practices were found on inventory management, staff, WMS, and social dimension when grouped to location; on WMS when grouped to operation years; and on facility design, environment, and social dimension when grouped to nature of service. These findings may guide warehouse managers in enhancing their GWH practices as they gear towards attaining sustainability in support to the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals.","PeriodicalId":344725,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Green Technology Journal","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114287158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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