Pub Date : 2019-11-13DOI: 10.22459/ireh.05.02.2019.04
Vijaya Ramadas Mandala
This article examines the history of huntswomen in colonial India in relation to nature, imperialism and forest fauna from 1830 to 1845. In taking British women’s hunting pursuits and environmental thinking as its focus, this study considers an activity often overlooked in assessments of women’s contributions to colonial practices and dismissed almost entirely in accounts of imperial masculinity that take hunting as their subject matter. Moving beyond the framework of current historiography, this study intends to locate the presence of tiger huntresses in the 1830s and 1840s during the heyday of East India Company rule. The scope of this study also effectively contrasts the actions of British huntswomen in Britain and in India. Second, examining the Eden sisters in the spectacles of big game hunting during the Company Raj demonstrates the nature of British women’s thinking towards Indian wildlife, which was also shaped by their political affiliations and family backgrounds in Britain, when they moved from Britain to India. Taking the subfields of the cultural and political ecology of India, this study illustrates how British women in this period articulated their exotic imaginings regarding Indian wildlife, such as tigers, elephants and wild pigs, that offers a fresh perspective to the reader. Hunting on the backs of elephants during the Company Raj also illuminates how the war functionalities of elephants that had existed in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries had faded away by the later period.
{"title":"Tiger huntresses in the Company Raj: Environmentalism and exotic imaginings of wildlife, 1830–45","authors":"Vijaya Ramadas Mandala","doi":"10.22459/ireh.05.02.2019.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22459/ireh.05.02.2019.04","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the history of huntswomen in colonial India in relation to nature, imperialism and forest fauna from 1830 to 1845. In taking British women’s hunting pursuits and environmental thinking as its focus, this study considers an activity often overlooked in assessments of women’s contributions to colonial practices and dismissed almost entirely in accounts of imperial masculinity that take hunting as their subject matter. Moving beyond the framework of current historiography, this study intends to locate the presence of tiger huntresses in the 1830s and 1840s during the heyday of East India Company rule. The scope of this study also effectively contrasts the actions of British huntswomen in Britain and in India. Second, examining the Eden sisters in the spectacles of big game hunting during the Company Raj demonstrates the nature of British women’s thinking towards Indian wildlife, which was also shaped by their political affiliations and family backgrounds in Britain, when they moved from Britain to India. Taking the subfields of the cultural and political ecology of India, this study illustrates how British women in this period articulated their exotic imaginings regarding Indian wildlife, such as tigers, elephants and wild pigs, that offers a fresh perspective to the reader. Hunting on the backs of elephants during the Company Raj also illuminates how the war functionalities of elephants that had existed in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries had faded away by the later period.","PeriodicalId":34502,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Environmental History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49592965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-13DOI: 10.22459/ireh.05.02.2019.01
Elijah Doro, Sandra Swart
{"title":"A silenced spring? Exploring Africa’s ‘Rachel Carson moment’: A socio-environmental history of the pesticides in tobacco production in Southern Rhodesia, 1945–80","authors":"Elijah Doro, Sandra Swart","doi":"10.22459/ireh.05.02.2019.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22459/ireh.05.02.2019.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34502,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Environmental History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43560677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-09DOI: 10.22459/IREH.05.01.2019.07
Anton Sveding
{"title":"Providing guideline principles: Botany and ecology within the State Forest Service of New Zealand during the 1920s","authors":"Anton Sveding","doi":"10.22459/IREH.05.01.2019.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22459/IREH.05.01.2019.07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34502,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Environmental History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48994849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-09DOI: 10.22459/IREH.05.01.2019.06
C. Blakley
{"title":"‘To get a cargo of flesh, bone, and blood’: Animals in the slave trade in West Africa","authors":"C. Blakley","doi":"10.22459/IREH.05.01.2019.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22459/IREH.05.01.2019.06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34502,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Environmental History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49074090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-09DOI: 10.22459/IREH.05.01.2019.02
S. D. E. Silva
This article seeks to identify the key confrontations between frontier expansion and nature present in the discourses and documents generated by the ‘The March toward the West’ (Marcha para o Oeste), a Brazilian federal policy of territorial occupation initiated during the first half of the twentieth century. The paper identifies the representation of the frontiersmen of the Brazilian West, dealing with the creation of the heroic image of the road-building engineer Bernardo Sayão. Sayão was responsible for the construction of the 2,169 km highway that connects Brasília, the then new federal capital, to Belém, located in Brazil’s Amazon region. In 1959, shortly before the completion of this major road, Sayão died in a dramatic accident, crushed by a falling tree. Research for this paper was based on biographical accounts, combined with studies generated by environmental historians and historical geographers.
本文试图确定“向西方进军”（Marcha para o Oeste）所产生的话语和文件中存在的边界扩张与自然之间的关键对抗，这是一项始于20世纪上半叶的巴西联邦领土占领政策。本文确定了巴西西部拓荒者的形象，涉及道路建设工程师贝尔纳多·萨约英雄形象的塑造。Sayão负责修建2169公里的高速公路，该高速公路连接当时的新联邦首都巴西利亚和位于巴西亚马逊地区的贝伦。1959年，在这条主要道路完工前不久，Sayão死于一场戏剧性的事故，被一棵倒下的树砸死。本文的研究基于传记，结合环境历史学家和历史地理学家的研究。
{"title":"Nature’s revenge: War on the wilderness during the opening of Brazil’s ‘Last Western Frontier’","authors":"S. D. E. Silva","doi":"10.22459/IREH.05.01.2019.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22459/IREH.05.01.2019.02","url":null,"abstract":"This article seeks to identify the key confrontations between frontier expansion and nature present in the discourses and documents generated by the ‘The March toward the West’ (Marcha para o Oeste), a Brazilian federal policy of territorial occupation initiated during the first half of the twentieth century. The paper identifies the representation of the frontiersmen of the Brazilian West, dealing with the creation of the heroic image of the road-building engineer Bernardo Sayão. Sayão was responsible for the construction of the 2,169 km highway that connects Brasília, the then new federal capital, to Belém, located in Brazil’s Amazon region. In 1959, shortly before the completion of this major road, Sayão died in a dramatic accident, crushed by a falling tree. Research for this paper was based on biographical accounts, combined with studies generated by environmental historians and historical geographers.","PeriodicalId":34502,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Environmental History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49534537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-09DOI: 10.22459/IREH.05.01.2019.03
Simone M. Müller, D. Stradling
{"title":"Water as the ultimate sink: Linking fresh and saltwater history","authors":"Simone M. Müller, D. Stradling","doi":"10.22459/IREH.05.01.2019.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22459/IREH.05.01.2019.03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34502,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Environmental History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42229588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-09DOI: 10.22459/IREH.05.01.2019.08
J. O'Leary
{"title":"‘Zambesi seeds from Mr Moffat’: Sir George Grey as imperial botanist","authors":"J. O'Leary","doi":"10.22459/IREH.05.01.2019.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22459/IREH.05.01.2019.08","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34502,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Environmental History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48682794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-09DOI: 10.22459/IREH.05.01.2019.05
K. Showers
The independence of claims that biofuels can mitigate climate change is assessed using environmental history. The development of professional and institutional networks that produced both energy demand models and soil, land and terrain databases and models is traced, and the acquisition of significant unacknowledged social power is examined. Data literacy’s critical perspective identified sources of embedded distortions, unacknowledged bias and inherent weaknesses. Claims of the robustness, accuracy, objectivity and originality of globalised analyses in general, and global biofuels projections in particular, are challenged. The effectiveness of policy based upon these results is discussed.
{"title":"Biofuels’ unbalanced equations: Misleading statistics, networked knowledge and measured parameters","authors":"K. Showers","doi":"10.22459/IREH.05.01.2019.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22459/IREH.05.01.2019.05","url":null,"abstract":"The independence of claims that biofuels can mitigate climate change is assessed using environmental history. The development of professional and institutional networks that produced both energy demand models and soil, land and terrain databases and models is traced, and the acquisition of significant unacknowledged social power is examined. Data literacy’s critical perspective identified sources of embedded distortions, unacknowledged bias and inherent weaknesses. Claims of the robustness, accuracy, objectivity and originality of globalised analyses in general, and global biofuels projections in particular, are challenged. The effectiveness of policy based upon these results is discussed.","PeriodicalId":34502,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Environmental History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44697567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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