Pub Date : 2011-06-27DOI: 10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971821
J. Doyle, D. Kelly, Matt Patterson, B. Caulfield
Poor exercise technique and lack of adherence during home exercise are implicated in preventing a full recovery to peak physical function during rehabilitation. It is widely believed that therapeutic exergaming has the potential to solve these issues. However, the field is still young and there is little empirical evidence supporting, in particular, its effectiveness in helping the patient to maintain correct technique. In this paper we present preliminary results from a study to examine the effects that visual feedback during exergaming has on a person's accuracy in performing a motor task. Our study showed that interacting with a game incorporating simple visual feedback results in improved accuracy compared to performing exercise from memory or with limited feedback in the form of an instructional video demonstration. These results provide early evidence that exergaming can be used to enhance technique during exercise performance.
{"title":"The effects of visual feedback in therapeutic exergaming on motor task accuracy","authors":"J. Doyle, D. Kelly, Matt Patterson, B. Caulfield","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971821","url":null,"abstract":"Poor exercise technique and lack of adherence during home exercise are implicated in preventing a full recovery to peak physical function during rehabilitation. It is widely believed that therapeutic exergaming has the potential to solve these issues. However, the field is still young and there is little empirical evidence supporting, in particular, its effectiveness in helping the patient to maintain correct technique. In this paper we present preliminary results from a study to examine the effects that visual feedback during exergaming has on a person's accuracy in performing a motor task. Our study showed that interacting with a game incorporating simple visual feedback results in improved accuracy compared to performing exercise from memory or with limited feedback in the form of an instructional video demonstration. These results provide early evidence that exergaming can be used to enhance technique during exercise performance.","PeriodicalId":345535,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123575216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-27DOI: 10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971861
Matic Trlep, M. Mihelj, M. Munih, U. Puh
The goal of the study is the development and testing of a bimanual training system that stimulates the use of both arms of hemiparetic subjects using both bimanual and unimanual training exercises. The adaptive assistance controller adjusts the help of the unaffected arm, thus reducing the load on the paretic arm. Hemiparetic subjects performed three different tracking exercises in both bimanual mode and in two unimanual modes. In bimanual mode the patient uses the unaffected limb to initiate and guide the movement. By comparing the results of bimanual training with the unimanual performance (with paretic or unaffected limb) we can assess the affects of the bimanual training. High and significant correlation between bimanual training and unimanual performance was observed. The training resulted in improvements of motor performance.
{"title":"Rehabilitation robot for unimanual and bimanual training of hemiparetic subjects","authors":"Matic Trlep, M. Mihelj, M. Munih, U. Puh","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971861","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of the study is the development and testing of a bimanual training system that stimulates the use of both arms of hemiparetic subjects using both bimanual and unimanual training exercises. The adaptive assistance controller adjusts the help of the unaffected arm, thus reducing the load on the paretic arm. Hemiparetic subjects performed three different tracking exercises in both bimanual mode and in two unimanual modes. In bimanual mode the patient uses the unaffected limb to initiate and guide the movement. By comparing the results of bimanual training with the unimanual performance (with paretic or unaffected limb) we can assess the affects of the bimanual training. High and significant correlation between bimanual training and unimanual performance was observed. The training resulted in improvements of motor performance.","PeriodicalId":345535,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123719666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-27DOI: 10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971864
K. Ustinova, C. Ingersoll, N. Cassavaugh
This paper describes the effects of short-term practice with the custom-made 3D immersive videogame Octopus on arm-postural coordination in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Unlike many other custom-designed virtual environments, Octopus includes an actual gaming component with a system of multiple rewards, making the game challenging, competitive, and fun. While standing, 6 individuals with mild-to-moderate manifestations of TBI practiced reaching and popping virtual bubbles with the left or right hand avatar. The bubbles, blown by the Octopus, followed a specific trajectory. Interception of the bubbles allowed flexible use of the postural segments (trunk and legs) for balance maintenance and arm transport. Participants practiced ten 90-s gaming trials during a single session, followed by a retention test. Whole-body kinematics was analyzed using principal component analysis. As a result of the short-term practice, the participants improved in game performance, arm movement time, and precision, mostly by adapting efficient arm-postural coordination strategies. Of the 6 participants, 5 showed an immediate increase in arm forward reach and single-leg stance time. These results support the feasibility of using the custom-made 3D game for retraining of arm-postural coordination disrupted as a result of TBI.
{"title":"Short-term practice with customized 3D immersive videogame improves arm-postural coordination in patients with TBI","authors":"K. Ustinova, C. Ingersoll, N. Cassavaugh","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971864","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the effects of short-term practice with the custom-made 3D immersive videogame Octopus on arm-postural coordination in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Unlike many other custom-designed virtual environments, Octopus includes an actual gaming component with a system of multiple rewards, making the game challenging, competitive, and fun. While standing, 6 individuals with mild-to-moderate manifestations of TBI practiced reaching and popping virtual bubbles with the left or right hand avatar. The bubbles, blown by the Octopus, followed a specific trajectory. Interception of the bubbles allowed flexible use of the postural segments (trunk and legs) for balance maintenance and arm transport. Participants practiced ten 90-s gaming trials during a single session, followed by a retention test. Whole-body kinematics was analyzed using principal component analysis. As a result of the short-term practice, the participants improved in game performance, arm movement time, and precision, mostly by adapting efficient arm-postural coordination strategies. Of the 6 participants, 5 showed an immediate increase in arm forward reach and single-leg stance time. These results support the feasibility of using the custom-made 3D game for retraining of arm-postural coordination disrupted as a result of TBI.","PeriodicalId":345535,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114243913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-27DOI: 10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971829
O. Grynszpan, Odile Komano, P. Leboucher, R. Jouvent, Juile Guertault, Franck Tarpin Bernard
In the present paper, we describe a web service that provides cognitive remediation for patients with depression. Depression is reported to be frequently associated with alterations in memory, attention and cognitive flexibility. Cognitive remediation is based on training with tasks meant to foster neural plasticity and improve cognitive abilities. It is often applied using computerized tasks. We set up a web service that enables the patients with depression to practice on cognitive tasks and be guided by a specialized therapist. An exploratory study assessing this treatment is underway and case examples are presented here.
{"title":"Web service for cognitive remediation in depression","authors":"O. Grynszpan, Odile Komano, P. Leboucher, R. Jouvent, Juile Guertault, Franck Tarpin Bernard","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971829","url":null,"abstract":"In the present paper, we describe a web service that provides cognitive remediation for patients with depression. Depression is reported to be frequently associated with alterations in memory, attention and cognitive flexibility. Cognitive remediation is based on training with tasks meant to foster neural plasticity and improve cognitive abilities. It is often applied using computerized tasks. We set up a web service that enables the patients with depression to practice on cognitive tasks and be guided by a specialized therapist. An exploratory study assessing this treatment is underway and case examples are presented here.","PeriodicalId":345535,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129005610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-27DOI: 10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971867
P. Weiss, E. Gal, M. Zancanaro, L. Giusti, S. Cobb, L. Millen, Tessa Hawkins, T. Glover, Daven Sanassy, S. Eden
We present the results of two usability studies evaluating the use of collaborative technologies designed to facilitate children with Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) learning social competence skills through technology-delivered Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT). The first study examined a co-located games (Join-In Suite) run on a multi-user tabletop shared active surface (SAS). The second study collaborative virtual environment (CVE) designed to support understanding and practice of social conversation skills. Both prototypes were developed following a participatory design process that included focus groups of occupational therapists and teachers as well as children with ASC. Usability studies were then conducted where occupational therapists used the systems for social competence training during a single one hour session with pairs of children with high functioning ASC, aged 9–13 years. Outcome measures included two usability questionnaires, the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory and interviews with the children. Therapists' responses to the System Usability Scale were also recorded. Results for SAS and CVE prototypes showed great enjoyment of the games, preferences amongst them and proficient use of the technology. For both technologies, the collaborative nature of the activities appeared to be effective in leveraging the engaging power of computer games as well as capturing a level of ecological validity which is often not sufficiently present in computer games alone.
{"title":"Usability of technology supported social competence training for children on the Autism Spectrum","authors":"P. Weiss, E. Gal, M. Zancanaro, L. Giusti, S. Cobb, L. Millen, Tessa Hawkins, T. Glover, Daven Sanassy, S. Eden","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971867","url":null,"abstract":"We present the results of two usability studies evaluating the use of collaborative technologies designed to facilitate children with Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) learning social competence skills through technology-delivered Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT). The first study examined a co-located games (Join-In Suite) run on a multi-user tabletop shared active surface (SAS). The second study collaborative virtual environment (CVE) designed to support understanding and practice of social conversation skills. Both prototypes were developed following a participatory design process that included focus groups of occupational therapists and teachers as well as children with ASC. Usability studies were then conducted where occupational therapists used the systems for social competence training during a single one hour session with pairs of children with high functioning ASC, aged 9–13 years. Outcome measures included two usability questionnaires, the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory and interviews with the children. Therapists' responses to the System Usability Scale were also recorded. Results for SAS and CVE prototypes showed great enjoyment of the games, preferences amongst them and proficient use of the technology. For both technologies, the collaborative nature of the activities appeared to be effective in leveraging the engaging power of computer games as well as capturing a level of ecological validity which is often not sufficiently present in computer games alone.","PeriodicalId":345535,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130557020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-27DOI: 10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971838
S. Koenig, A. Dunser, C. Bartneck, J. Dalrymple-Alford, G. Crucian
Context-sensitive rehabilitation integrates the individual background, needs, and strengths into the therapy of brain-injured patients [1]. Virtual environments can potentially enrich such individual rehabilitation approaches by providing realistic, lifelike situations for patients to train in. Virtual scenarios mostly are of high ecological validity, but usually require a long and costly development process. In order to use virtual environments for context-sensitive rehabilitation, an efficient workflow needs to be created which allows for rapid, cost-efficient development of such computer-based tools. The present study describes the requirements that are necessary for a clinic-based workflow and addresses each requirement in detail. Several complex virtual rooms within a rehabilitation hospital have been created and tested. Workflow efficiency, realism of virtual environments and validity of task-based use of these applications have been evaluated with healthy and brain-injured individuals. The virtual scenarios met requirements for timely production, and realism. The outcome of a mental map task, which was integrated intone environment, supports the validity of virtual cognitive assessments. Overall, results of this study suggest that individual virtual environments are a feasible addition to traditional context-sensitive rehabilitation.
{"title":"Development of virtual environments for patient-centered rehabilitation","authors":"S. Koenig, A. Dunser, C. Bartneck, J. Dalrymple-Alford, G. Crucian","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971838","url":null,"abstract":"Context-sensitive rehabilitation integrates the individual background, needs, and strengths into the therapy of brain-injured patients [1]. Virtual environments can potentially enrich such individual rehabilitation approaches by providing realistic, lifelike situations for patients to train in. Virtual scenarios mostly are of high ecological validity, but usually require a long and costly development process. In order to use virtual environments for context-sensitive rehabilitation, an efficient workflow needs to be created which allows for rapid, cost-efficient development of such computer-based tools. The present study describes the requirements that are necessary for a clinic-based workflow and addresses each requirement in detail. Several complex virtual rooms within a rehabilitation hospital have been created and tested. Workflow efficiency, realism of virtual environments and validity of task-based use of these applications have been evaluated with healthy and brain-injured individuals. The virtual scenarios met requirements for timely production, and realism. The outcome of a mental map task, which was integrated intone environment, supports the validity of virtual cognitive assessments. Overall, results of this study suggest that individual virtual environments are a feasible addition to traditional context-sensitive rehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":345535,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121557252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-27DOI: 10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971854
M. Sandlund, H. Grip, C. Hager, Erik Domellof, Louise Ronnqvist
3D motion analysis was applied to assess goal-directed arm movements in 15 children with cerebral palsy (CP) before and after four weeks of home training with low-cost motion interactive video games. The results indicated that the children improved movement precision when playing the virtual games, improved movement smoothness when reaching for real targets, and reduced the involvement of the trunk especially when reaching with the non-dominant side.
{"title":"Low-cost motion interactive video games in home training for children with cerebral palsy: A kinematic evaluation","authors":"M. Sandlund, H. Grip, C. Hager, Erik Domellof, Louise Ronnqvist","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971854","url":null,"abstract":"3D motion analysis was applied to assess goal-directed arm movements in 15 children with cerebral palsy (CP) before and after four weeks of home training with low-cost motion interactive video games. The results indicated that the children improved movement precision when playing the virtual games, improved movement smoothness when reaching for real targets, and reduced the involvement of the trunk especially when reaching with the non-dominant side.","PeriodicalId":345535,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128169949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-27DOI: 10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971844
Thomas J. Lord, D. M. Keefe, Yu Li, N. Stoykov, D. Kamper
This paper presents a low-cost virtual-reality environment for training finger individuation in stroke survivors with chronic hand impairment. Users play an ergonomic 5-key virtual piano while receiving either assistance or resistance from a pneumatically actuated glove. The level of assistance and the difficulty of the task can be modulated by a therapist.
{"title":"Development of a haptic keypad for training finger individuation after stroke","authors":"Thomas J. Lord, D. M. Keefe, Yu Li, N. Stoykov, D. Kamper","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971844","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a low-cost virtual-reality environment for training finger individuation in stroke survivors with chronic hand impairment. Users play an ergonomic 5-key virtual piano while receiving either assistance or resistance from a pneumatically actuated glove. The level of assistance and the difficulty of the task can be modulated by a therapist.","PeriodicalId":345535,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"260 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124257002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-27DOI: 10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971852
B. Rabin, G. Burdea, J. Hundal, D. Roll, F. Damiani
The BrightArm rehabilitation system is designed for integrative motor, emotive and cognitive training of low- and higher-functioning individuals. This paper presents the BrightArm's first feasibility study on 5 elderly skilled nursing facility residents chronic post-stroke. Results show improvements in motor impairments, upper extremity function, independence in activities of daily living, as well as better focusing and short-term visual memory following therapy. There was uniformly good acceptance of the technology by the participants which gave it an overall rating of 4.1 out of 5.
{"title":"Integrative motor, emotive and cognitive therapy for elderly patients chronic post-stroke A feasibility study of the BrightArm™ rehabilitation system","authors":"B. Rabin, G. Burdea, J. Hundal, D. Roll, F. Damiani","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971852","url":null,"abstract":"The BrightArm rehabilitation system is designed for integrative motor, emotive and cognitive training of low- and higher-functioning individuals. This paper presents the BrightArm's first feasibility study on 5 elderly skilled nursing facility residents chronic post-stroke. Results show improvements in motor impairments, upper extremity function, independence in activities of daily living, as well as better focusing and short-term visual memory following therapy. There was uniformly good acceptance of the technology by the participants which gave it an overall rating of 4.1 out of 5.","PeriodicalId":345535,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115000837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-27DOI: 10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971831
M. Hennes, F. Kohler, C. Disselhorst-Klug
Due to the increasing number of patients who need orthopedic interventions, current research focuses progressively more on individualized physiotherapy and postoperative treatment. The restoration and therefore unrestricted movement are strongly connected to the accomplishment of physiotherapeutic exercises (form, repetitions and reproducibility of movement). If exercises are performed at home, less consultation with the therapist and high personal responsibility of the patient is required. In this paper an intelligent cheap and user friendly training system for use in home environment is presented. It evaluates the physiotherapeutic exercise using objective parameters by guiding the patient through the exercise and analyzing his reactions. The system itself was evaluated with 46 persons who performed standard physiotherapeutic exercises. The results show a significant increase in reproducibility of the exercises at home using the training system.
{"title":"Introducing an user-tailored rehabilitation system for patients in their home and work environment","authors":"M. Hennes, F. Kohler, C. Disselhorst-Klug","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2011.5971831","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the increasing number of patients who need orthopedic interventions, current research focuses progressively more on individualized physiotherapy and postoperative treatment. The restoration and therefore unrestricted movement are strongly connected to the accomplishment of physiotherapeutic exercises (form, repetitions and reproducibility of movement). If exercises are performed at home, less consultation with the therapist and high personal responsibility of the patient is required. In this paper an intelligent cheap and user friendly training system for use in home environment is presented. It evaluates the physiotherapeutic exercise using objective parameters by guiding the patient through the exercise and analyzing his reactions. The system itself was evaluated with 46 persons who performed standard physiotherapeutic exercises. The results show a significant increase in reproducibility of the exercises at home using the training system.","PeriodicalId":345535,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117333868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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