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GLOBECOM'01. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Cat. No.01CH37270)最新文献

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Multiobjective hierarchical 2G/3G mobility management optimization: niched Pareto genetic algorithm 多目标分层2G/3G移动性管理优化:小生境Pareto遗传算法
Pub Date : 2001-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2001.966368
T. Ozugur, A. Bellary, F. Sarkar
We first propose four-layer optimization for a UMTS coverage area: (i) cell-oriented intra-SGSN (serving GPRS service node) layer, which is optimized RAs (routing areas) covering the intra-SGSN signaling cost, paging cost and RA load balancing; (ii) RA-oriented intra-MSC (mobile switching centre) layer, which is optimized location areas (LA) covering the intra-MSC signaling cost and LA load balancing; (iii) RA-oriented inter-SGSN layer, which is optimized SGSN coverage areas covering the inter-SGSN signaling cost, RNC (radio network controller) and SGSN load balancing; (iv) LA-oriented inter-MSC layer, which is optimized MSC coverage areas covering the inter-MSC signaling cost and MSC load balancing. We focus on RA optimization, namely layers (i) and (iii). The optimization of MSC coverage areas and LAs is performed in a similar manner. We propose a schema-based niched Pareto genetic algorithm, which deals with multiple objectives by incorporating the concept of Pareto domination in its selection operator, and applying a niching pressure to spread its population out along the Pareto optimal tradeoff surface. The proposed genetic algorithm uses a schema-based partially matching crossover using tournaments of n size, where the crossover pairs are chosen in two steps, first based on the class ranking and then schema ranking. New offspring are modified using the geographical footprints to converge to the optimal solution faster.
我们首先提出了UMTS覆盖区域的四层优化:(i)面向cell的intra-SGSN(服务GPRS服务节点)层,该层是优化的RAs(路由区域),覆盖了intra-SGSN信令成本、寻呼成本和RA负载平衡;(ii)面向ra的intra-MSC(移动交换中心)层,它是覆盖intra-MSC信令成本和LA负载平衡的优化位置区域(LA);(iii)面向ra的SGSN间层,优化SGSN覆盖区域,覆盖SGSN间信令成本、RNC(无线网络控制器)和SGSN负载均衡;(iv)面向la的inter-MSC层,是优化的MSC覆盖区域,覆盖inter-MSC信令成本和MSC负载均衡。我们专注于RA优化,即(i)层和(iii)层。MSC覆盖区域和LAs的优化以类似的方式进行。我们提出了一种基于模式的小生境帕累托遗传算法,该算法通过在其选择算子中加入帕累托支配的概念来处理多个目标,并应用小生境压力将其种群沿帕累托最优权衡面扩散。提出的遗传算法使用基于模式的部分匹配交叉,使用n大小的比赛,其中交叉对的选择分两步进行,首先根据类别排名,然后根据模式排名。利用地理足迹对新子代进行修改,以更快地收敛到最优解。
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引用次数: 9
Effects of large frequency offset in digital receivers and related algorithms 大频偏对数字接收机的影响及相关算法
Pub Date : 2001-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2001.965708
T. Vaidis, A. Polydoros
This paper investigates the effect of large frequency offset induced (FOI) intersymbol interference (ISI) on the performance of a digital receiver and proposes corresponding remedies. General expressions are derived for the exact representation of ISI caused by an arbitrary frequency offset at the output of the receiver matched filter. Specific examples are developed for the case of a square root raised cosine (SQRT-RC) pulse shape. It is shown that when FOI ISI compensation is performed digitally after the matched filtering operation, an equalizer is necessary for efficient data demodulation, even in the case of a non - dispersive channel. Maximum likelihood (ML) frequency offset estimation is revisited to accommodate the case of large FOI ISI. Its performance is assessed via simulation examples and compared to the derived Cramer-Rao bound. A combined equalization-frequency tracking scheme is also explored, in order to cope with residual frequency estimation errors and potential phase noise.
研究了大频偏引起的码间干扰(ISI)对数字接收机性能的影响,并提出了相应的补救措施。一般表达式为精确表示ISI引起的任意频率偏移在接收机匹配滤波器的输出。具体的例子是开发的情况下的平方根提高余弦(SQRT-RC)脉冲形状。结果表明,在匹配滤波运算后进行数字化的FOI ISI补偿时,均衡器对于有效的数据解调是必要的,即使在非色散信道的情况下也是如此。最大似然(ML)频偏估计重新考虑,以适应大的FOI ISI的情况。通过仿真实例对其性能进行了评估,并与推导的Cramer-Rao界进行了比较。为了解决剩余的频率估计误差和潜在的相位噪声,本文还探讨了一种均衡-频率跟踪的组合方案。
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引用次数: 2
On the proportional fairness of TCP Vegas 论TCP Vegas的比例公平性
Pub Date : 2001-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2001.965873
D. Luong, J. Bíró
This paper concerns the fairness of TCP Vegas, a new version of TCP proposed by Brakmo et al., (1994). Firstly, we show some uncertainties in bandwidth allocation and buffer occupancy when the system is in the stable state. These uncertainties come from the using of two threshold values (/spl alpha/, /spl beta/) in the applied innovative congestion avoidance mechanism. We propose a modification in the existing implementations of TCP Vegas to reduce the uncertainties without losing the stability. Secondly, the notion of the ideal TCP Vegas, which has no uncertainties, is defined. We prove that the ideal TCP Vegas is exactly proportionally fair in bandwidth sharing. This property of the real TCP Vegas is tested by simulation. We also show how to implement weighted proportional fairness with TCP Vegas.
本文关注Brakmo等人(1994)提出的TCP新版本Vegas的公平性问题。首先,给出了系统在稳定状态下带宽分配和缓冲区占用的不确定性。这些不确定性来自于在应用的创新拥塞避免机制中使用的两个阈值(/spl alpha/, /spl beta/)。我们在现有的TCP Vegas实现中提出了一种改进方案,在不失去稳定性的前提下减少不确定性。其次,定义了不存在不确定性的理想TCP维加斯的概念;我们证明了理想的TCP Vegas在带宽共享方面是完全公平的。通过仿真验证了真实TCP Vegas的这一特性。我们还展示了如何使用TCP Vegas实现加权比例公平。
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引用次数: 6
A wireless TDMA/FDD MAC protocol based on a novel resource updating scheme 基于一种新的资源更新方案的无线TDMA/FDD MAC协议
Pub Date : 2001-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2001.965905
Xudong Wang, Ye Chen
In this paper, a TDMA/FDD MAC protocol is developed for wireless multimedia systems based on a new resource updating scheme for VBR connections. Instead of using piggyback, a control time slot (TS) is dynamically allocated for a VBR connection to send the updating information to the base station (BS). A scheduler in the BS allocates a control TS to each VBR connection which needs to update resources. The updating information can be sent to BS without collision via allocated control TS. Combining the novel scheme with the QoS-based frame structure, not only the QoS of VBR connections is guaranteed, but also the performance of other traffic types is improved. The simulation is performed to evaluate the new MAC protocol.
本文提出了一种基于VBR连接资源更新的TDMA/FDD MAC协议。不使用背带,而是动态地为VBR连接分配一个控制时隙(TS)来将更新信息发送到基站(BS)。BS中的调度程序为每个需要更新资源的VBR连接分配一个控制TS。将该方案与基于QoS的帧结构相结合,既保证了VBR连接的QoS,又提高了其他流量类型的性能。通过仿真对新的MAC协议进行了评价。
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引用次数: 6
Design of multi-field IPv6 packet classifiers using ternary CAMs 基于三元CAMs的IPv6多字段分组分类器设计
Pub Date : 2001-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2001.965900
N. Huang, Whai-En Chen, Jiau-Yu Luo, Jun Chen
Typically, high-end routers/switches classify a packet by looking for multiple fields of the IP/TCP headers and recognize which flow the packet belongs to. Several packet classification algorithms to accelerate packet processing and reduce the memory requirement have been proposed. But it is not easy to implement these algorithms in hardware to lookup these multiple fields in the same time. This paper intends to design a novel packet classification engine capable of simultaneously processing multi-field searching, especially for the IPv6 packets with relative longer addresses (128 bits). To classify the IPv6 packets in wire-speed, the CLM (CAM-Like Memory)-based hardware architecture is considered and five fields (source IPv6 address, destination IPv6 address, source port, destination port, and protocol) are designed as the searching key. Evaluation results indicate that compared with the typical market leading delivering search engines, the proposed hardware architecture provides a 30% speed-up performance. A compact method is also provided to compress the bit-width required to represent the multi-field of an IPv6 packet. This saves the memory space required for the IPv6 rule table for about 20%.
通常,高端路由器/交换机通过查找IP/TCP报头的多个字段来对数据包进行分类,并识别数据包属于哪个流。为了提高分组处理速度和降低对内存的要求,提出了几种分组分类算法。但是在硬件上实现这些算法同时查找这些多个字段并不容易。本文旨在设计一种能够同时处理多字段搜索的新型数据包分类引擎,特别是对于地址相对较长的IPv6数据包(128位)。为了对IPv6数据包进行线速分类,考虑了基于CLM (CAM-Like Memory)的硬件架构,并设计了5个字段(源IPv6地址、目的IPv6地址、源端口、目的端口和协议)作为搜索关键字。评估结果表明,与市场领先的典型交付搜索引擎相比,所提出的硬件架构提供了30%的加速性能。还提供了一种压缩方法来压缩表示IPv6数据包的多字段所需的位宽度。这样可以节省IPv6规则表所需的内存空间约20%。
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引用次数: 61
Efficient algorithms for location and sizing problems in network design 网络设计中定位和规模问题的有效算法
Pub Date : 2001-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2001.966243
K. Kumaran, A. Srinivasan, Qiong Wang, S. Lanning, K. G. Ramakrishnan
Large-scale location, sizing and homing problems of distributed network elements, have received much attention recently due to the massive deployment of broadband communication networks for services like Internet telephony and Web caching. Key considerations in designing these networks include modularity of capacity, economies of scale in cost, and reliability. We formulate a general class of such network design problems as Mixed-Integer Programs. These problems are computationally intractable in general; under various asymptotic conditions, we show how to compute near-optimal solutions. To deal with arbitrary instances, we develop new algorithms based on linear programming, as well as greedy randomized adaptive search. These algorithms achieved near-optimal solutions with reasonable computation time for our experiments.
由于宽带通信网络的大规模部署,如互联网电话和Web缓存等服务,分布式网络元素的大规模定位、大小和归属问题最近受到了广泛关注。设计这些网络的关键考虑因素包括容量的模块化、成本的规模经济和可靠性。我们将这类网络设计问题表述为混合整数规划。一般来说,这些问题在计算上是难以解决的;在各种渐近条件下,我们展示了如何计算近最优解。为了处理任意实例,我们开发了基于线性规划和贪婪随机自适应搜索的新算法。这些算法在合理的计算时间内获得了接近最优的解。
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引用次数: 3
Constructing shared-tree for group multicast with QoS constraints 构造具有QoS约束的组播共享树
Pub Date : 2001-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2001.966206
Aiguo Fei, Z. Duan, M. Gerla
Group multicast refers to the kind of multicast in which every member of a group may transmit data to the group. Several QoS-aware routing algorithms for group multicast proposed previously take into account bandwidth requirement (which is the most important QoS metric to consider for many applications) and build source-based tree for each individual group member. Per-source tree approach has some advantages over shared-tree approach but suffers the drawbacks of higher control overhead and being less scalable especially with group size. In this paper we present an algorithm which builds shared tree for group multicast and can accommodate multiple QoS requirements including bandwidth and inter-member delay. Besides the advantages of having less control overhead and better scalability, our algorithm can support dynamic membership without recomputing the whole tree. The results from simulation experiments for multicast with bandwidth reservation show that our algorithm has similar performance in terms of tree cost and bandwidth utilization compared with two other per-source tree algorithms.
组多播是指组中的每个成员都可以向组中传输数据的一种多播。之前提出的几种QoS感知组播路由算法考虑了带宽需求(这是许多应用需要考虑的最重要的QoS度量),并为每个单独的组成员构建了基于源的树。与共享树方法相比,每源树方法有一些优点,但缺点是控制开销更高,可扩展性较差,特别是对于组的大小。本文提出了一种基于共享树的组播算法,该算法可以满足带宽和成员间延迟等多种QoS要求。除了具有更少的控制开销和更好的可扩展性之外,我们的算法还可以支持动态成员而无需重新计算整个树。带带宽预留的组播仿真实验结果表明,与其他两种单源树算法相比,该算法在树开销和带宽利用率方面具有相似的性能。
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引用次数: 11
Next-generation Ka-band satellite concept to extend the reach of Canada's broadband infrastructure 下一代ka波段卫星概念将扩展加拿大宽带基础设施的覆盖范围
Pub Date : 2001-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2001.966275
A. Grami, K. Gordon
Universal access to broadband networks is a major principle advanced by the Canadian government to guide the development and implementation of Canada's infrastructure. Satellites are uniquely qualified to ensure that broadband services are available to all Canadians at an affordable cost. To this effect, in this paper, an advanced high-capacity Ka-band satellite, which can ubiquitously extend the reach of broadband services to areas unserved or underserved by terrestrial networks, is proposed. The satellite has a bentpipe architecture with coverage of all of Canada via small elliptical beams. The satellite can provide Canadian households, government institutions, and enterprises with low-cost, two-way, high-speed, bandwidth-on-demand access to broadband services, while using attractive user terminals, in terms of size, cost, throughput, and performance. This paper presents the baseline definition of this advanced satellite, and discusses all aspects of the system design.
宽带网络的普遍接入是加拿大政府提出的指导加拿大基础设施发展和实施的主要原则。卫星具有独特的资格,可确保所有加拿大人都能以负担得起的费用获得宽带服务。为此,本文提出了一种先进的高容量ka波段卫星,它可以无处不在地将宽带服务扩展到地面网络没有服务或服务不足的地区。该卫星采用弯管结构,通过小型椭圆波束覆盖加拿大全境。该卫星可以为加拿大家庭、政府机构和企业提供低成本、双向、高速、按需宽带接入服务,同时在规模、成本、吞吐量和性能方面使用具有吸引力的用户终端。本文介绍了该先进卫星的基线定义,并讨论了系统设计的各个方面。
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引用次数: 6
Control-theoretic max-min flow control with minimum rate guarantee 具有最小流量保证的控制理论最大-最小流量控制
Pub Date : 2001-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2001.966210
S. Chong, Sangho Lee, Sungho Kang
We present a novel control-theoretic explicit rate (ER) allocation algorithm for the max-min flow control of elastic traffic services with minimum rate guarantee in the context of the ATM ABR service. The proposed ER algorithm is simple in that the number of operations required to compute it at a switch is minimized, scalable in that per-VC (virtual circuit) operations including per-VC queueing, per-VC accounting and per-VC state management are virtually removed, and stable in that by employing it the user transmission rates and the network queues are asymptotically stabilized at a unique equilibrium point at which max-min fairness with minimum rate guarantee and target queue lengths are achieved respectively. To improve the speed of convergence we normalize the controller gains of the algorithm by the estimate of the number of locally-bottlenecked VCs. The estimation scheme is also computationally simple and scalable since it does not require per-VC accounting either. We analyze the theoretical performance of the proposed algorithm and verify its agreement with the practical performance through simulations in the case of multiple bottleneck nodes. We believe that the proposed algorithm will serve as an encouraging solution to the max-min flow control not only in the context of ATM ABR service but also in general elastic traffic services.
针对ATM ABR业务中具有最小速率保证的弹性业务的最大-最小流量控制问题,提出了一种新的控制理论的显式速率分配算法。所提出的ER算法很简单,因为在交换机上计算它所需的操作数量是最小的,可扩展性在于每个vc(虚拟电路)的操作,包括每个vc排队,每个vc记帐和每个vc状态管理几乎被删除。稳定是指用户传输速率和网络队列在一个唯一的平衡点上渐近稳定,在这个平衡点上分别实现了具有最小速率保证的最大最小公平性和目标队列长度。为了提高收敛速度,我们通过估计局部瓶颈vc的数量对算法的控制器增益进行归一化。估计方案在计算上也很简单且可扩展,因为它也不需要对每个vc进行核算。我们分析了该算法的理论性能,并通过多个瓶颈节点的仿真验证了其与实际性能的一致性。我们相信,该算法不仅在ATM ABR业务中,而且在一般弹性流量业务中,都可以作为一个令人鼓舞的最大最小流量控制的解决方案。
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引用次数: 4
Effective bandwidths for wireless networks 无线网络的有效带宽
Pub Date : 2001-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2001.965184
Malcolm Peh, S. Hanly
We investigate the problem of reverse link resource allocation in a multi-class cellular network with specific network quality of service guarantees. Using maximum outage thresholds and outage probabilities, we approximate an acceptance region of feasible spatial intensity functions by a single linear constraint.
研究了具有特定网络服务质量保证的多类蜂窝网络中的反向链路资源分配问题。利用最大中断阈值和中断概率,通过单一线性约束近似出可行空间强度函数的可接受区域。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
GLOBECOM'01. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Cat. No.01CH37270)
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