Pub Date : 2016-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IRS.2016.7497266
P. Roszkowski
A carrier- and Doppler-tunable Active Radar Calibrator (ARC), consisting of a receive antenna and transmit antenna, with an FPGA-based digital signal processing in between, followed by an RF amplifier, is proposed as a tool for conducting high-precision calibration measurements of continuous-wave (CW) radar systems. The ARC can be designed to have a large radar cross section and a flat wideband frequency response. FPGA-based digital signal processing enables to placement of a radar echo in a desired relative distance and Doppler shift, selected in the run time.
{"title":"Carrier- and Doppler-tunable FPGA-based active reflector for radar calibration","authors":"P. Roszkowski","doi":"10.1109/IRS.2016.7497266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRS.2016.7497266","url":null,"abstract":"A carrier- and Doppler-tunable Active Radar Calibrator (ARC), consisting of a receive antenna and transmit antenna, with an FPGA-based digital signal processing in between, followed by an RF amplifier, is proposed as a tool for conducting high-precision calibration measurements of continuous-wave (CW) radar systems. The ARC can be designed to have a large radar cross section and a flat wideband frequency response. FPGA-based digital signal processing enables to placement of a radar echo in a desired relative distance and Doppler shift, selected in the run time.","PeriodicalId":346680,"journal":{"name":"2016 17th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"261 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114264832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IRS.2016.7497308
Xueyan Kang, Yunhua Zhang, W. Zhai, Jiefang Yang
Along track interferometry (ATI) is a representative multi-channel synthetic aperture radar (SAR) / ground moving target indication (GMTI) technique. However, the estimated radial velocity of moving target can be ambiguous due to the interferometric phases are almost wrapped by the traditional two-antenna ATI method. In the paper, we propose a two-antenna SAR/ATI method with multiple carrier frequencies for radial velocity ambiguity mitigation of moving targets. Firstly, we establish the model of a two-antenna SAR system and analyze the basic principle of the multi-carrier-frequency ATI (MCF_ATI) approach. Then, we apply the model and the approach to process real SAR data embedded with a simulated moving target, the results demonstrated the effectiveness of the MCF_ATI approach.
{"title":"Two-antenna SAR/ATI with multiple carrier frequencies for radial velocity estimation of moving targets","authors":"Xueyan Kang, Yunhua Zhang, W. Zhai, Jiefang Yang","doi":"10.1109/IRS.2016.7497308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRS.2016.7497308","url":null,"abstract":"Along track interferometry (ATI) is a representative multi-channel synthetic aperture radar (SAR) / ground moving target indication (GMTI) technique. However, the estimated radial velocity of moving target can be ambiguous due to the interferometric phases are almost wrapped by the traditional two-antenna ATI method. In the paper, we propose a two-antenna SAR/ATI method with multiple carrier frequencies for radial velocity ambiguity mitigation of moving targets. Firstly, we establish the model of a two-antenna SAR system and analyze the basic principle of the multi-carrier-frequency ATI (MCF_ATI) approach. Then, we apply the model and the approach to process real SAR data embedded with a simulated moving target, the results demonstrated the effectiveness of the MCF_ATI approach.","PeriodicalId":346680,"journal":{"name":"2016 17th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127218566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IRS.2016.7497316
J. Kulpa, A. Kurowská
Noise radars - radars that use random waveforms as sounding waveforms - are prone to what is known as a masking effect. This occurs when the correlation sidelobes of a strong target echo masks weaker echoes. In order to overcome this limitation, the sounding signals which have correlation functions with suppressed sidelobes may be used. When designing such signals, the power efficiency should be considered, which is increased by decreasing the peak to average power ratio of the waveform. In this paper filter-based waveform design methods are presented and discussed. Three different approaches are analyzed that modify filter-based sidelobe suppression algorithms in order to achieve good power efficiency of the output waveform. Both simulation and measurement results are shown presenting, the benefits of the proposed methods.
{"title":"Power efficiency of high dynamic range noise waveform","authors":"J. Kulpa, A. Kurowská","doi":"10.1109/IRS.2016.7497316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRS.2016.7497316","url":null,"abstract":"Noise radars - radars that use random waveforms as sounding waveforms - are prone to what is known as a masking effect. This occurs when the correlation sidelobes of a strong target echo masks weaker echoes. In order to overcome this limitation, the sounding signals which have correlation functions with suppressed sidelobes may be used. When designing such signals, the power efficiency should be considered, which is increased by decreasing the peak to average power ratio of the waveform. In this paper filter-based waveform design methods are presented and discussed. Three different approaches are analyzed that modify filter-based sidelobe suppression algorithms in order to achieve good power efficiency of the output waveform. Both simulation and measurement results are shown presenting, the benefits of the proposed methods.","PeriodicalId":346680,"journal":{"name":"2016 17th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128040957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IRS.2016.7497388
W. Kazimierski
Maritime radar is one of the main sensors used on board of the vessel. Managing radar information is currently a task of separate radar systems or integrated navigational systems. However ICT systems used on board and in marine environment have become more and more sophisticated and navigational radar on board is definitely a part of them. The idea presented in this paper is to use object modelling techniques, known from ICT and GIS, for modelling of radar information on board of the ship. Radar information is presented in the form of UML class diagram and the model itself takes into account many aspect of radar information management like raster images, tracked targets, trial maneuver or integration with AIS.
{"title":"Application schema for radar information on ship","authors":"W. Kazimierski","doi":"10.1109/IRS.2016.7497388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRS.2016.7497388","url":null,"abstract":"Maritime radar is one of the main sensors used on board of the vessel. Managing radar information is currently a task of separate radar systems or integrated navigational systems. However ICT systems used on board and in marine environment have become more and more sophisticated and navigational radar on board is definitely a part of them. The idea presented in this paper is to use object modelling techniques, known from ICT and GIS, for modelling of radar information on board of the ship. Radar information is presented in the form of UML class diagram and the model itself takes into account many aspect of radar information management like raster images, tracked targets, trial maneuver or integration with AIS.","PeriodicalId":346680,"journal":{"name":"2016 17th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126054196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IRS.2016.7497390
Andreas Dankmlayer, P. Colditz, G. Biegel, T. Brehm, J. Forster
This paper addresses an experiment that was carried out in the North Sea region in the area of the island of Sylt with the aim to study the influence of the maritime boundary layer (MBL) on the propagation of radar signals under low grazing angle geometry. The radar measurements were carried out with the highly versatile MEMPHIS radar operating in sea configuration at X, Ka and W band simultaneously. Concerning the oceanographic and atmospheric characterization, the WTD 71 was responsible for the collection of measurements with a sophisticated suite of sensors partly mounted on the research vessel Elisabeth Mann Borgese. Over a period of four days a valuable dataset was collected including clutter measurements under different geometrical configurations. In this contribution the focus is given to the propagation aspects where dedicated propagation runs were carried out each day. First measurement results will be presented and an insight in the overall approach will be given together with a modelling approach based on the parabolic wave equation with input parameters from the meteorological and oceanographic sensors.
{"title":"North sea millimeterwave propagation experiment: The Sylt campaign","authors":"Andreas Dankmlayer, P. Colditz, G. Biegel, T. Brehm, J. Forster","doi":"10.1109/IRS.2016.7497390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRS.2016.7497390","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses an experiment that was carried out in the North Sea region in the area of the island of Sylt with the aim to study the influence of the maritime boundary layer (MBL) on the propagation of radar signals under low grazing angle geometry. The radar measurements were carried out with the highly versatile MEMPHIS radar operating in sea configuration at X, Ka and W band simultaneously. Concerning the oceanographic and atmospheric characterization, the WTD 71 was responsible for the collection of measurements with a sophisticated suite of sensors partly mounted on the research vessel Elisabeth Mann Borgese. Over a period of four days a valuable dataset was collected including clutter measurements under different geometrical configurations. In this contribution the focus is given to the propagation aspects where dedicated propagation runs were carried out each day. First measurement results will be presented and an insight in the overall approach will be given together with a modelling approach based on the parabolic wave equation with input parameters from the meteorological and oceanographic sensors.","PeriodicalId":346680,"journal":{"name":"2016 17th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127465659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IRS.2016.7497320
P. Dzwonkowski
This paper describes an Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar demonstrator utilizing the low-terahertz band. The design and implementation, focusing on the use of standardized commercial off the shelf elements, is described. Images acquired using the implemented system are presented in the paper to confirm its high resolution capability.
{"title":"High resolution inverse synthetic aperture radar demonstrator utilizing low-teraherz band: A practical implementation using common laboratory equipment and commercial off the shelf elements","authors":"P. Dzwonkowski","doi":"10.1109/IRS.2016.7497320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRS.2016.7497320","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar demonstrator utilizing the low-terahertz band. The design and implementation, focusing on the use of standardized commercial off the shelf elements, is described. Images acquired using the implemented system are presented in the paper to confirm its high resolution capability.","PeriodicalId":346680,"journal":{"name":"2016 17th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126421436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IRS.2016.7497315
Benjamin Nuss, Johannes Fink, F. Jondral
A simple and cost efficient frequency hopping radar waveform which has been developed to be robust against mutual interference is presented. The waveform is based on frequency hopping on the one hand and Linear Frequency Modulation Shift Keying (LFMSK) on the other hand. The signal model as well as the radar signal processing are described in detail, focusing on the efficient estimation of range and Doppler of multiple targets in parallel. Finally, the probability of interference is estimated and techniques for interference mitigation are presented showing a good suppression of mutual interference of the same type of radar.
{"title":"Cost efficient frequency hopping radar waveform for range and Doppler estimation","authors":"Benjamin Nuss, Johannes Fink, F. Jondral","doi":"10.1109/IRS.2016.7497315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRS.2016.7497315","url":null,"abstract":"A simple and cost efficient frequency hopping radar waveform which has been developed to be robust against mutual interference is presented. The waveform is based on frequency hopping on the one hand and Linear Frequency Modulation Shift Keying (LFMSK) on the other hand. The signal model as well as the radar signal processing are described in detail, focusing on the efficient estimation of range and Doppler of multiple targets in parallel. Finally, the probability of interference is estimated and techniques for interference mitigation are presented showing a good suppression of mutual interference of the same type of radar.","PeriodicalId":346680,"journal":{"name":"2016 17th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125218514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IRS.2016.7497336
M. Hamdollahzadeh, F. Behnia, M. Nayebi
This paper proposes an algebraic solution for the position and velocity of a moving target in forward scatter radar based on a single step direct position determination method. Unlike the conventional two-step method, this direct technique does not require the joint estimation of the Doppler frequency and the angle of arrival, initialization step, convergence considerations and linearization approximations.
{"title":"Target direct position determination in 2D CW forward scatter radar","authors":"M. Hamdollahzadeh, F. Behnia, M. Nayebi","doi":"10.1109/IRS.2016.7497336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRS.2016.7497336","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an algebraic solution for the position and velocity of a moving target in forward scatter radar based on a single step direct position determination method. Unlike the conventional two-step method, this direct technique does not require the joint estimation of the Doppler frequency and the angle of arrival, initialization step, convergence considerations and linearization approximations.","PeriodicalId":346680,"journal":{"name":"2016 17th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121111152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IRS.2016.7497343
Yann Briheche, F. Barbaresco, F. Bennis, D. Chablat, F. Gosselin
Electronic Phased-Array Radars offer new possibilities for Radar Search Pattern Optimization by using variable beam-shapes. Radar Search Pattern Optimization can be approximated by a Set Covering Problem. This allows automatic generation of Search Patterns for non-uniform constrained environments in operational situation. We present a Set Covering Problem approximation for Time-Budget minimization of Search Patterns, in Direction Cosines space, under constraints of range and detection probability.
{"title":"Non-uniform constrained optimization of radar search patterns in direction cosines space using integer programming","authors":"Yann Briheche, F. Barbaresco, F. Bennis, D. Chablat, F. Gosselin","doi":"10.1109/IRS.2016.7497343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRS.2016.7497343","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic Phased-Array Radars offer new possibilities for Radar Search Pattern Optimization by using variable beam-shapes. Radar Search Pattern Optimization can be approximated by a Set Covering Problem. This allows automatic generation of Search Patterns for non-uniform constrained environments in operational situation. We present a Set Covering Problem approximation for Time-Budget minimization of Search Patterns, in Direction Cosines space, under constraints of range and detection probability.","PeriodicalId":346680,"journal":{"name":"2016 17th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"211 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116447793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IRS.2016.7497263
Adam Grabowski
In this paper design and implementing process of a compact, low-cost and user-friendly probe signal generator for pulse radars and constant wave radars based on software-defined radio (SDR) are presented [1]. In his research the author uses the Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) as SDR developed by the National Instruments [2]. Proposed device was designed for a wide range of the radar systems, however, the first tests were held in conjunction with the synthetic aperture radar in the continuous wave mode [3], [4]. This application required a base band up to 40MHz, which after amplification in analog front-end x24 gave the band of 960 MHz on the output transmitting antenna, providing a range resolution of about 15cm.
{"title":"SDR-based LFM signal generator for radar/SAR systems","authors":"Adam Grabowski","doi":"10.1109/IRS.2016.7497263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRS.2016.7497263","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper design and implementing process of a compact, low-cost and user-friendly probe signal generator for pulse radars and constant wave radars based on software-defined radio (SDR) are presented [1]. In his research the author uses the Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) as SDR developed by the National Instruments [2]. Proposed device was designed for a wide range of the radar systems, however, the first tests were held in conjunction with the synthetic aperture radar in the continuous wave mode [3], [4]. This application required a base band up to 40MHz, which after amplification in analog front-end x24 gave the band of 960 MHz on the output transmitting antenna, providing a range resolution of about 15cm.","PeriodicalId":346680,"journal":{"name":"2016 17th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130623792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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