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CLEO/Europe - EQEC 2009 - European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and the European Quantum Electronics Conference最新文献

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2 ns pulses from a fibre laser mode-locked by carbon nanotubes 碳纳米管锁模光纤激光器的2ns脉冲
E. Kelleher, J. Travers, Z. Sun, A. Rozhin, A. Ferrari, S. Popov, J. Taylor
We demonstrate strongly chirped pulses from mode-locked Yb fibre ring lasers with cavity lengths exceeding 1 km, in the presence of very high net normal dispersion, up to −36 ps nm-1. Mode-locking was achieved using a single wall carbon nanotube saturable absorber [1–3]. The output pulse durations exceed 2 ns, which is, to the best of our knowledge, the longest pulse duration produced from a mode-locked fibre laser. The long cavities allowed us to achieve sub 200 kHz repetition rates, about an order of magnitude lower than has been reported to date [4]. In the experiments reported here, no intentional spectral filtering was employed, despite the all-normally dispersive cavity. The lasing wavelength selection is therefore a result of overlap of the gain bandwidth and spectral loss profiles of the intracavity optical components, but may also be affected by a dynamic filtering effect of the saturable absorber.
我们展示了来自锁模Yb光纤环形激光器的强啁啾脉冲,腔长超过1 km,存在非常高的净法向色散,高达- 36 ps nm-1。锁模是使用单壁碳纳米管饱和吸收剂实现的[1-3]。输出脉冲持续时间超过2ns,据我们所知,这是锁模光纤激光器产生的最长脉冲持续时间。长空腔使我们能够达到低于200千赫的重复率,比迄今为止报道的低一个数量级。在这里报道的实验中,尽管有全正常色散腔,但没有使用有意的光谱滤波。因此,激光波长的选择是腔内光学元件的增益带宽和光谱损耗曲线重叠的结果,但也可能受到可饱和吸收器的动态滤波效应的影响。
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引用次数: 0
High refractive index contrast ridge waveguides in LiNbO3 thin films LiNbO3薄膜高折射率对比脊波导
H. Hu, R. Ricken, W. Sohler
Optical waveguides of high refractive index contrast enable small cross section dimensions and small bending radii of curved waveguides, a prerequisite for high density integrated optics [1]. For nonlinear optics in materials like lithium niobate (LiNbO3, LN) the resulting small mode size yields a high guided mode intensity increasing the efficiency of nonlinear interactions.
高折射率对比度的光波导可以实现小截面尺寸和小弯曲半径的弯曲波导,这是高密度集成光学的先决条件[1]。对于非线性光学材料,如铌酸锂(LiNbO3, LN),由此产生的小模式尺寸产生高引导模式强度,提高了非线性相互作用的效率。
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引用次数: 2
A petawatt beamline on SG-II-U laser system SG-II-U激光系统的千瓦光束线
Tao Wang, Guang Xu, Ya-ping Dai, Zunqi Lin, Y. Gu, Jianqiang Zhu
The high power Nd:glass laser driver of inertial confinement fusion (ICF), referred to as Shen Guang series[1], have been developed in China since 1981. At present, Shen Guang-II (SG-II) facility with an energy output of 6kJ/1ns at 1.053µm, has been playing an important role in laser fusion research. As the concept of fast ignition is getting more and more interesting, the upgrade program of SG-II facility (SG-II-U) has been implemented. A peta watt (PW) beam line, which will deliver 1kJ pulses with pulse duration near 1ps, is being set up.
高功率惯性约束聚变(ICF)钕玻璃激光驱动器,简称神光系列[1],是中国自1981年开始研制的。目前,在1.053µm处能量输出达到6kJ/1ns的神光ii (SG-II)装置在激光聚变研究中发挥了重要作用。随着快速点火概念的日益引起人们的关注,SG-II设施(SG-II- u)的升级计划已经开始实施。一条佩塔瓦(PW)的波束线正在建设中,它将提供1kJ的脉冲,脉冲持续时间接近1ps。
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引用次数: 2
Optical Bloch equations for light harvesting complexes: pump probe spectra and saturation dynamics at high light intensity excitation 光收集配合物的光学布洛赫方程:高光强激发下的泵浦探测光谱和饱和动力学
Marten Richter, A. Carmele, T. Renger, A. Knorr
The light harvesting complex of photosystem II (LHC II) of green plants is the pigment-protein complex, that binds the majority of chlorophyll on earth. It transfers the excitation energy absorbed from solar radiation to the photosystem II core complex. The monomeric subunit of the trimeric LHC-II complex contains 14 coupled chlorophyll molecules, embedded in a protein matrix, which provides a vibronic bath for electronic excitations [1]. We focus on the regime of higher laser intensities, where theories that consider the optical field as a pertubation and treat the phonon-lineshape accurately[2] cannot be used . For this purpose Bloch equations are derived using the correlation expansion method [3]. They include the electron-vibron interactions (pigment-protein coupling), the electron-electron interaction caused by the Coulomb coupling between the different pigments [4] and the applied optical pulses. The different interactions leads to effects like formation of delocalized excited states, excitation relaxation, exciton-exciton annihilation as well as Pauli blocking. All parameters for the Bloch equations are independently determined: the Coulomb matrix elements from quantum chemical calculations [4], the spectral density of pigment-protein coupling from fluorescence line narrowing measurements [2]. To illustrate the application of Bloch equations for high pulse intensities, we focus on pump-probe spectra (Fig. 1 a)) and the fluorescence quantum yield: Fig. 1 a) shows the intensity dependence of the pump probe signal of LHC II. Interestingly, the transfer rate from chlorophyll b at 645 nm to chlorophylla at 680 nm was found to be almost unaffected by the intensity. Only the energy that is able to relax towards chlorophylls with lower site energies is reduced for higher intensities (see. Fig. 1 a)) due to Pauli blocking effects.
绿色植物光系统II (LHC II)的光收集复合体是与地球上大部分叶绿素结合的色素-蛋白质复合体。它将从太阳辐射中吸收的激发能转移到光系统II核心复合物中。三聚体LHC-II配合物的单体亚基包含14个偶联叶绿素分子,嵌入在蛋白质基质中,为电子激发提供了一个振动浴[1]。我们关注的是更高激光强度的情况,在这种情况下,不能使用将光场视为摄动并精确处理声子-线形状的理论[2]。为此,使用相关展开法推导Bloch方程[3]。它们包括电子-振动子相互作用(色素-蛋白质耦合),由不同色素之间的库仑耦合[4]和施加的光脉冲引起的电子-电子相互作用。不同的相互作用导致了离域激发态的形成、激发弛豫、激子-激子湮灭以及泡利阻塞等效应。Bloch方程的所有参数都是独立确定的:来自量子化学计算的库仑矩阵元素[4],来自荧光线变窄测量的色素-蛋白质偶联的光谱密度[2]。为了说明Bloch方程在高脉冲强度下的应用,我们将重点放在泵浦探测光谱(图1a)和荧光量子产率上:图1a)显示了LHC II的泵浦探测信号的强度依赖性。有趣的是,645 nm处叶绿素b向680 nm处叶绿素的转移速率几乎不受光照强度的影响。只有能够以较低的位点能量向叶绿素放松的能量在较高的强度下才会减少(见。图1 (a))由于泡利阻塞效应。
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引用次数: 0
Processing of chalcogenide glass by the femtosecond laser pulses for achieving highly non-linear photonic structures 飞秒激光脉冲加工硫系玻璃实现高度非线性光子结构
E. Romanova, A. Konyukhov, S. Muraviov, A. Andrianov, T. Benson, A. Seddon, D. Furniss
The direct modification of materials by femtosecond (fs) laser pulses enables fabrication of 3D compact photonic devices, which are potentially cheap and allow for dense integration. In the writing of well-defined structures by such means non-linear processes are essential. Multi-photon absorption is an effect that initiates plasma formation in illuminated region and subsequent variation of its optical properties. Due to the non-linear character of absorption, sub-wavelength-scale (in particular, nano-scale) structures can be fabricated.
利用飞秒(fs)激光脉冲对材料进行直接修饰,可以制造出3D紧凑型光子器件,这种器件价格低廉,而且可以实现密集集成。在用这种方法写出定义良好的结构时,非线性过程是必不可少的。多光子吸收是一种在被照射区域引发等离子体形成并导致其光学性质变化的效应。由于吸收的非线性特性,可以制作亚波长尺度(特别是纳米尺度)的结构。
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引用次数: 0
Stacked integrated double-disks for cavity optomechanics 用于腔光力学的堆叠集成双盘
Q. Lin, Xiaoshun Jiang, M. Eichenfield, R. Camacho, K. Vahala, O. Painter
The coupling of mechanical oscillators and optical cavity modes through scattering forces has received considerable attention in recent years [1]. This interaction provides a way, through the principle of dynamic back action [2], to amplify [2,3] and cool mechanical motion [4–6]. It could also soon provide a practical means to entangle macroscopic mechanical motion with a variety of other quantum systems, including light [7,8]. To date, experimental work has relied upon the optical scattering force to create conditions necessary for observation of dynamical back action effects. However, alongside the scattering force there are also dipole optical forces that can furnish optomechanical coupling. These forces, also referred to as dispersive or gradient forces, have been used to control coupling of a waveguide to a resonator [9] and to couple pairs of waveguides [10,11]. In the present work, a stacked, double-disk whispering gallery system is demonstrated as a new means to cavity optomechanical phenomena. Dipole-force coupling between the disks creates optomechnical coupling, causing displacement of the disks and tuning of the underlying whispering gallery resonances. In comparison to scattering-force-based systems, this double-disk configuration has the significant advantage of providing a larger optomechanical coupling constant, independent of the cavity round trip length.
近年来,机械振子和光腔模式通过散射力的耦合受到了相当大的关注[1]。这种相互作用提供了一种方法,通过动态反作用原理[2],放大[2,3]和冷却机械运动[4-6]。它也可能很快提供一种实用的方法,将宏观机械运动与各种其他量子系统(包括光)纠缠在一起[7,8]。迄今为止,实验工作依赖于光散射力来创造观测动态反作用效应所需的条件。然而,除了散射力之外,偶极子光力也可以提供光-机械耦合。这些力,也被称为色散力或梯度力,已被用于控制波导与谐振器的耦合[9]和波导对的耦合[10,11]。在本工作中,我们展示了一种叠置的双盘低语通道系统作为一种新的方法来研究腔光力学现象。磁盘之间的偶极力耦合产生了光学耦合,导致磁盘的位移和底层低语廊共振的调谐。与基于散射力的系统相比,这种双盘结构具有显著的优势,可以提供更大的光机械耦合常数,而与腔的往返长度无关。
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引用次数: 0
Superresolution without evanescent fields 无倏逝场的超分辨率
F. Huang, T. Kao, N. Zheludev
The last decade has seen numerous efforts to achieve imaging resolution beyond that of the Abbe-Rayleigh diffraction limit. The main direction of research aiming to break this limit seeks to exploit the evanescent components containing fine detail of the electromagnetic field distribution at the immediate proximity of the object. Here we propose a solution that removes the need for evanescent fields. The object being imaged or stimulated with sub-wavelength accuracy does not need to be in the immediate proximity of the superlens or field concentrator: an optical mask can be designed that creates constructive interference of waves known as superoscillation, leading to a sub-wavelength focus of prescribed size and shape in a field of view beyond the evanescent fields, when illuminated by a monochromatic wave. We demonstrate that such a mask may be used not only as a focusing device, but also as a super-resolution imaging device.
在过去的十年里,人们为实现超越阿贝-瑞利衍射极限的成像分辨率做出了许多努力。旨在打破这一限制的主要研究方向是寻求利用在物体附近包含电磁场分布精细细节的消失成分。在这里,我们提出了一个解决方案,消除了对消失字段的需求。以亚波长精度成像或刺激的物体不需要直接靠近超透镜或场集中器:可以设计一个光学掩模,产生被称为超振荡的波的构造干涉,当被单色波照射时,在消失场之外的视场中产生规定尺寸和形状的亚波长焦点。我们证明了这种掩模不仅可以用作聚焦装置,还可以用作超分辨率成像装置。
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引用次数: 1
Fabrication of Microlens by Nd:YVO4 laser irradiation of glass frit layers. Nd:YVO4激光辐照玻璃熔块层制备微透镜。
D. Nieto, M. Flores-Arias, C. Gómez-reino
Microlens array has a large field of applications: high-speed photography, telecommunication industry that couple light in and out optical fiber waveguides and optical communications, and bio-analysis are some examples [1]. Polymer materials have been widely employed due to low cost to fabricate economical microlens. Nevertheless glasses are much more suitable for high temperature applications or under stronger chemical environments. Moreover, glass materials present a lower UV absorption than polymers. This is an important advantage for bio-analysis applications. [2,3]
微透镜阵列具有广泛的应用领域:高速摄影,耦合光进出光纤波导和光通信的电信行业,以及生物分析等。聚合物材料由于成本低而被广泛应用于制造经济型微透镜。然而,玻璃更适合高温应用或在更强的化学环境下。此外,玻璃材料表现出比聚合物更低的紫外线吸收。这是生物分析应用的一个重要优势。(2、3)
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引用次数: 0
Colloidal photonic hetero-crystals with controllable coupling 具有可控耦合的胶体光子异质晶体
B. Ding, M. Bardosova, M. Pemble, U. Peschel, S. Romanov
Functionality of photonic hetero-crystals is defined by the mechanism and details of the light coupling at the hetero-interface. The methods to change this coupling include (i) the mismatch of the photonic band structures of the hetero-crystal counterparts, (ii) embedding the resonator at the interface or (iii) adding the coupling/decoupling elements. One of peculiar properties of the photonic hetero-crystals is the support of the propagating evanescent surface waves at the interface. These surface states relate to the Tamm states at the surface of atomic crystals. In accord to theoretical modelling, the realisation of surface waves in photonic heterocrystals requires overlap of the photonic bandgaps on the both sides of the interface.
光子异质晶体的功能是由异质界面处光耦合的机理和细节来定义的。改变这种耦合的方法包括(i)异质晶体对应物的光子带结构不匹配,(ii)在界面处嵌入谐振器或(iii)添加耦合/去耦元件。光子异质晶体的一个特殊性质是在界面处支持传播的倏逝表面波。这些表面态与原子晶体表面的塔姆态有关。根据理论模型,在光子异质晶体中实现表面波需要在界面两侧的光子带隙重叠。
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引用次数: 0
Time-evolving entanglement and violation of Bell inequalities using a quantum dot photon-pair emitter. 使用量子点光子对发射器的时间演化纠缠和贝尔不等式的违反。
R. Stevenson, R. Young, A. J. Hudson, A. Bennett, C. Nicoll, D. Ritchie, A. Shields
Polarization-entangled photons provide intriguing insight into the fundamentals of quantum physics, and are vital technology for large scale quantum computing with linear optics [1], and extending the distance over which a quantum key can be shared [2]. However, those entangled photon sources that have been implemented so far are typically probed using time-averaged measurements, thus obscuring any quantum correlations that evolve over the lifetime of the state.
偏振纠缠光子为量子物理的基本原理提供了有趣的见解,并且是具有线性光学的大规模量子计算的关键技术,并且可以延长量子密钥可以共享的距离。然而,到目前为止,那些已经实现的纠缠光子源通常是使用时间平均测量来探测的,因此模糊了在状态生命周期中进化的任何量子相关性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
CLEO/Europe - EQEC 2009 - European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and the European Quantum Electronics Conference
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