The rapidly changing world forces the necessary changes in education consisting of the development of teaching strategies that prepare the student for unpredictable, non-standard, and fluid situations. The author discusses the problem of supporting competence essential for the development of school-age children and their functioning in such a world. The article may be of interest to early school education teachers, but not only. The strategy of education using imagination, which covers the method of designing educational opportunities, refers in the conducted research to competence triad, i.e. independence-innovativeness-cooperativeness. To support the said competence, the author constructed a technique of creative visualisation and developed an educational programme for two parallel groups based on the method of designing educational opportunities, and in one of the groups, an innovative factor in the form of creative visualisation techniques was implemented. In the research, the qualitative and quantitative style was used implementing participant observation, humanistic interpretation (works of art and statements) and tests for creative thinking (drawing and verbal). The qualitative analysis consisted of description and interpretation concerning the analysed set of competence with the use of their manifestation. The quantitative analysis aimed at answering the question about a significant increase in competence required the use of a method based on the t-Student test. The results of the qualitative and quantitative analyses showed the beneficial impact of creative visualisation in the area of the competence in question.
{"title":"The Phenomenon of Imagination in Contemporary Education. Competence Essential for the Development of Children Supported by the Creative Visualisation Technique","authors":"M. Piasecka","doi":"10.16926/pe.2022.15.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/pe.2022.15.15","url":null,"abstract":"The rapidly changing world forces the necessary changes in education consisting of the development of teaching strategies that prepare the student for unpredictable, non-standard, and fluid situations. The author discusses the problem of supporting competence essential for the development of school-age children and their functioning in such a world. The article may be of interest to early school education teachers, but not only. The strategy of education using imagination, which covers the method of designing educational opportunities, refers in the conducted research to competence triad, i.e. independence-innovativeness-cooperativeness. To support the said competence, the author constructed a technique of creative visualisation and developed an educational programme for two parallel groups based on the method of designing educational opportunities, and in one of the groups, an innovative factor in the form of creative visualisation techniques was implemented. In the research, the qualitative and quantitative style was used implementing participant observation, humanistic interpretation (works of art and statements) and tests for creative thinking (drawing and verbal). The qualitative analysis consisted of description and interpretation concerning the analysed set of competence with the use of their manifestation. The quantitative analysis aimed at answering the question about a significant increase in competence required the use of a method based on the t-Student test. The results of the qualitative and quantitative analyses showed the beneficial impact of creative visualisation in the area of the competence in question.","PeriodicalId":34685,"journal":{"name":"Podstawy Edukacji","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67612204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Od Redakcji: Podstawy Edukacji. Na jakie ważne dziś pytania szukamy odpowiedzi?","authors":"M. Piasecka","doi":"10.16926/pe.2022.15.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/pe.2022.15.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34685,"journal":{"name":"Podstawy Edukacji","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67611873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic was likely to generate the greatest disruption in educational opportunity worldwide in a generation. This disruption has impacted the livelihoods of individuals, and the prospects of their communities. The international and interdisciplinary course was designed by two universities: from Poland and from Israel due to new challenges in high education to consider. The main idea of this course was to develop students’ creativity and innovation by design thinking method. The course also addressed student’s socio-emotional needs. The group of twenty-five education students from both countries took part in online weekly sessions during two months. The evaluation of this project indicated that students were really satisfied with participating in it and they achieved not only their professional goals but personal as well.
{"title":"Searching for new solutions in educational practices – design thinking as a method in high education for future pedagogists","authors":"J. Siemionow","doi":"10.16926/pe.2022.15.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/pe.2022.15.14","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic was likely to generate the greatest disruption in educational opportunity worldwide in a generation. This disruption has impacted the livelihoods of individuals, and the prospects of their communities. The international and interdisciplinary course was designed by two universities: from Poland and from Israel due to new challenges in high education to consider. The main idea of this course was to develop students’ creativity and innovation by design thinking method. The course also addressed student’s socio-emotional needs. The group of twenty-five education students from both countries took part in online weekly sessions during two months. The evaluation of this project indicated that students were really satisfied with participating in it and they achieved not only their professional goals but personal as well.","PeriodicalId":34685,"journal":{"name":"Podstawy Edukacji","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67612640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The text presents the results of a diagnostic survey conducted in the first quarter of 2022 among teachers of early childhood education. It was conducted in order to collect teachers' opinions on the change made in the reading list, effective from 01/09/2021. The text is set in an interpretative paradigm, in the spirit of critical and creative education focused on the subjectivity of participants in the educational process, that perceives teaching as a creative process. I base the theoretical assumptions on such key categories as change in education (Klus-Stańska), open and closed school culture changes (Zamorska, Krzychała), invisible change (Bober), apparent change (Dudzikowa), I draw attention to the importance of teachers' participatory participation in the change as well as emphasizing the reading from the perspective of the text of culture, the medium and the linguistic transmitter of the world image. Research Aim: Interviews with teachers present the position of early school education teachers towards the change made, their orientation in the latest reading offer addressed to the child, their beliefs, needs and possibilities of its implementation. Method: The data collection method used was a diagnostic survey. The technique used was a qualitative in-depth interview, partially structured, focused on the problem of the perceived change in reading and the organization of work with reading. The study included 17 teachers of early childhood education from 17 primary schools in the Białystok town. Conclusion: The results of the survey are aimed at drawing attention to the problem of shaping educational policy in the above-mentioned scope.
{"title":"What about this change? – opinions of teachers of early school education about school reading","authors":"Anna Józefowicz","doi":"10.16926/pe.2022.15.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/pe.2022.15.19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The text presents the results of a diagnostic survey conducted in the first quarter of 2022 among teachers of early childhood education. It was conducted in order to collect teachers' opinions on the change made in the reading list, effective from 01/09/2021. The text is set in an interpretative paradigm, in the spirit of critical and creative education focused on the subjectivity of participants in the educational process, that perceives teaching as a creative process. I base the theoretical assumptions on such key categories as change in education (Klus-Stańska), open and closed school culture changes (Zamorska, Krzychała), invisible change (Bober), apparent change (Dudzikowa), I draw attention to the importance of teachers' participatory participation in the change as well as emphasizing the reading from the perspective of the text of culture, the medium and the linguistic transmitter of the world image. Research Aim: Interviews with teachers present the position of early school education teachers towards the change made, their orientation in the latest reading offer addressed to the child, their beliefs, needs and possibilities of its implementation. Method: The data collection method used was a diagnostic survey. The technique used was a qualitative in-depth interview, partially structured, focused on the problem of the perceived change in reading and the organization of work with reading. The study included 17 teachers of early childhood education from 17 primary schools in the Białystok town. Conclusion: The results of the survey are aimed at drawing attention to the problem of shaping educational policy in the above-mentioned scope.","PeriodicalId":34685,"journal":{"name":"Podstawy Edukacji","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67612331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main idea that accompanies this article is an attempt to organize the relationship between the difference as a result of cultural changes and the identity of the individual understood as a sense of continuity, permanence and integrity, as well as to reflect on the nature and scope of differences what appear in Polish society in the second decade of the 21st century. Therefore, I ask some questions about the main spheres of them, but also about the consequences of analyzed differences for our identity and how do they influence its construction? Source of what kind of experiences are they ? How do differences affect our social participation, self-esteem or decisions made in important spheres of life? Finally, the question of differences is also, and perhaps above all, a question about values and where, in the situation of experiencing and realizing the difference to look for areas of understanding and axiological identification? What family experiences and elements of intergenerational transmission then should be applied? Questions mentioned above are only the frame for considerations undertaken in this article.
{"title":"Difference and identity – in search for areas of axiological identification","authors":"Magda Karkowska","doi":"10.16926/pe.2022.15.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/pe.2022.15.06","url":null,"abstract":"The main idea that accompanies this article is an attempt to organize the relationship between the difference as a result of cultural changes and the identity of the individual understood as a sense of continuity, permanence and integrity, as well as to reflect on the nature and scope of differences what appear in Polish society in the second decade of the 21st century. Therefore, I ask some questions about the main spheres of them, but also about the consequences of analyzed differences for our identity and how do they influence its construction? Source of what kind of experiences are they ? How do differences affect our social participation, self-esteem or decisions made in important spheres of life? Finally, the question of differences is also, and perhaps above all, a question about values and where, in the situation of experiencing and realizing the difference to look for areas of understanding and axiological identification? What family experiences and elements of intergenerational transmission then should be applied? Questions mentioned above are only the frame for considerations undertaken in this article.","PeriodicalId":34685,"journal":{"name":"Podstawy Edukacji","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67612180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents the results of research related to students’ self-efficacy in relation to their future work with a gifted student. In the theoretical part, important concepts were analyzed and different approaches to the problem of giftedness were presented. In the methodological part, reader was introduced to the research strategy. The method of the diagnostic survey was described, as well as the survey technique used. The empirical part is a quantitative and qualitative data analysis that allowed to find answers to the research questions. It turns out that students assessed their own self-efficacy on average level. They are unfamiliar with a constructivist approach to education that could facilitate and make work with a gifted student easier and more attractive. Some hope is given by the fact that the respondents indicated broadly understood lifelong learning as a way to solve problems in this area.
{"title":"The self-efficacy of candidates for the teaching profession towards work with a gifted student","authors":"J. Pękala","doi":"10.16926/pe.2022.15.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/pe.2022.15.16","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of research related to students’ self-efficacy in relation to their future work with a gifted student. In the theoretical part, important concepts were analyzed and different approaches to the problem of giftedness were presented. In the methodological part, reader was introduced to the research strategy. The method of the diagnostic survey was described, as well as the survey technique used. The empirical part is a quantitative and qualitative data analysis that allowed to find answers to the research questions. It turns out that students assessed their own self-efficacy on average level. They are unfamiliar with a constructivist approach to education that could facilitate and make work with a gifted student easier and more attractive. Some hope is given by the fact that the respondents indicated broadly understood lifelong learning as a way to solve problems in this area.","PeriodicalId":34685,"journal":{"name":"Podstawy Edukacji","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67612213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The text is a re-examination of the reflections that result from theoretical analyses of my earlier research. They concerned metaphorical thinking, seeing and constructing visual analogies and the critical thinking of an allegorist using irony. My experience in education research prompted me to reflect on the phenomenal identity of the participants of the alternative proposed in my studies. The question is whether the characterization of the phenomenal identity can be fulfilled in associated contexts drawn from the concepts of philosophy. “The epiphany of the face” by E. Lévinas and M. Merleau-Ponty’s “the phenomenal field” are concepts that, in my opinion, can be used to explain the meaning of acts of action in the “educational opportunities” of the person gaining phenomenal identity (R.M. Łukaszewicz; M. Muszyńska).
{"title":"What could the phenomenal identity be? Considerations on the basis of retrospective description of my own research and analyses of the concepts of philosophy","authors":"M. Muszyńska","doi":"10.16926/pe.2022.15.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/pe.2022.15.07","url":null,"abstract":"The text is a re-examination of the reflections that result from theoretical analyses of my earlier research. They concerned metaphorical thinking, seeing and constructing visual analogies and the critical thinking of an allegorist using irony. My experience in education research prompted me to reflect on the phenomenal identity of the participants of the alternative proposed in my studies. The question is whether the characterization of the phenomenal identity can be fulfilled in associated contexts drawn from the concepts of philosophy. “The epiphany of the face” by E. Lévinas and M. Merleau-Ponty’s “the phenomenal field” are concepts that, in my opinion, can be used to explain the meaning of acts of action in the “educational opportunities” of the person gaining phenomenal identity (R.M. Łukaszewicz; M. Muszyńska).","PeriodicalId":34685,"journal":{"name":"Podstawy Edukacji","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67612236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Public schools have a basis for creating a new offer of multimedia activities. Every school should plan its development based on its resources and competences. Keeping up with the ever-changing reality, rather than sticking to once chosen directions, is the way to digital school individualization. Only such a school model allows to achieve beneficial for society educational results in the beginning of the 21st century. The types and scopes of proposed activities depend on the requirements for audiovisual equipment, and the competence of teachers. Multimedia is a combination of several different ways of conveying information in order to provide the audience with better prepared information. The article presents the results of a survey on the use of Information Technology in upper secondary education by teachers, which shows the extent of teachers’ knowledge of media education of young people, the support for this education, and the opinions about it at school. A selection of two secondary schools with similar fields of study in Poland and the Czech Republic is juxtaposed. The school should play a major role in the blended learning system by initiating and enabling remote learning (using the equipment of laboratories - computers with Internet access and the knowledge and skills of teachers).
{"title":"In the world of digital media. The role of information technology in Polish and Czech secondary education","authors":"N. Ruman","doi":"10.16926/pe.2022.15.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/pe.2022.15.18","url":null,"abstract":"Public schools have a basis for creating a new offer of multimedia activities. Every school should plan its development based on its resources and competences. Keeping up with the ever-changing reality, rather than sticking to once chosen directions, is the way to digital school individualization. Only such a school model allows to achieve beneficial for society educational results in the beginning of the 21st century. The types and scopes of proposed activities depend on the requirements for audiovisual equipment, and the competence of teachers. Multimedia is a combination of several different ways of conveying information in order to provide the audience with better prepared information. The article presents the results of a survey on the use of Information Technology in upper secondary education by teachers, which shows the extent of teachers’ knowledge of media education of young people, the support for this education, and the opinions about it at school. A selection of two secondary schools with similar fields of study in Poland and the Czech Republic is juxtaposed. The school should play a major role in the blended learning system by initiating and enabling remote learning (using the equipment of laboratories - computers with Internet access and the knowledge and skills of teachers).","PeriodicalId":34685,"journal":{"name":"Podstawy Edukacji","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67612279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Contemporary change processes in the sphere of education are multi-context and determined by various factors. Undoubtedly, the factor organizing the discussion on the new model of education is the uncertainty related to the shape of the future. This uncertainty is caused by the direction of changes in the area of functioning and development of societies and the emergence of the knowledge-driven economy. These changes, in turn, are the result of the impact of mega trends, including the development of new information and communication technologies (ICT), globalization of various spheres of life, progressive phenomena of socio-economic polarization, cultural changes, acceleration of migration processes, etc. These changes set the framework for processes of education and upbringing generate numerous challenges in educational activity related to fundamental issues: how to teach? by what methods? What kind of results to expect? (Wasyluk et al., 2020). Educational institutions play an important role in this process, including universities, “where self-steering prevails over learning, externally guided” (Laurisz, 2022). M. Mazur’s (CTC) (1976) cybernetic character theory, pioneering on a global scale, is a proposition of a response to these educational challenges. This work is an attempt to use the CTC to identify the parameters of character of the studied students in the field of social work. The proposed solution may support didactic processes by optimally matching the efforts and capabilities of students to the needs of the education process.
当代教育领域的变化过程是多背景的，由各种因素决定。毫无疑问，组织讨论新的教育模式的因素是与未来形态有关的不确定性。这种不确定性是由社会运作和发展领域的变化方向以及知识驱动经济的出现造成的。这些变化反过来又是大趋势影响的结果，这些大趋势包括新的信息和通信技术的发展、各个生活领域的全球化、社会经济两极分化的渐进现象、文化变化、移民进程的加速等。这些变化为教育和养育过程设定了框架，在与基本问题相关的教育活动中产生了许多挑战:如何教学?用什么方法?会有什么样的结果呢?(Wasyluk et al.， 2020)。教育机构在这一过程中扮演着重要的角色，包括大学，“在这里，自我指导胜过学习，受到外部指导”(Laurisz, 2022)。M. Mazur (CTC)(1976)的控制论性格理论在全球范围内处于领先地位，是对这些教育挑战的回应。本研究尝试使用CTC来识别社会工作领域学生的性格参数。建议的解决方案可以通过将学生的努力和能力与教育过程的需要最佳地匹配来支持教学过程。
{"title":"Education on the verge of changes. The process of education in terms of the cybernetic theory of character","authors":"Izabela Ziębacz","doi":"10.16926/pe.2022.15.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/pe.2022.15.13","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary change processes in the sphere of education are multi-context and determined by various factors. Undoubtedly, the factor organizing the discussion on the new model of education is the uncertainty related to the shape of the future. This uncertainty is caused by the direction of changes in the area of functioning and development of societies and the emergence of the knowledge-driven economy. These changes, in turn, are the result of the impact of mega trends, including the development of new information and communication technologies (ICT), globalization of various spheres of life, progressive phenomena of socio-economic polarization, cultural changes, acceleration of migration processes, etc. These changes set the framework for processes of education and upbringing generate numerous challenges in educational activity related to fundamental issues: how to teach? by what methods? What kind of results to expect? (Wasyluk et al., 2020). Educational institutions play an important role in this process, including universities, “where self-steering prevails over learning, externally guided” (Laurisz, 2022). M. Mazur’s (CTC) (1976) cybernetic character theory, pioneering on a global scale, is a proposition of a response to these educational challenges. This work is an attempt to use the CTC to identify the parameters of character of the studied students in the field of social work. The proposed solution may support didactic processes by optimally matching the efforts and capabilities of students to the needs of the education process.","PeriodicalId":34685,"journal":{"name":"Podstawy Edukacji","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67612606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article discusses educational aspects in the work of a teacher of vocational subjects in technical schools training for the profession of hotel management technician. The results of own research are presented, in which the research problem was formulated in the form of the question: how do teachers of vocational subjects in hotel technical schools perform the educational function? The research was qualitative in nature. Nine teachers of vocational subjects (teachers of theoretical vocational subjects and a teacher of practical vocational training) from two schools participated in it. During the research, the interview method and document analysis method were used. From the educational and preventive programs in effect at the studied schools, educational goals and a description of the student graduating from the technical school were obtained. An analysis was made of the extent to which they are implemented during lessons in vocational subjects.
{"title":"Educational aspects in the work of a teacher of vocational subjects (on the example of technicians training in the profession of hotel management technician)","authors":"Katarzyna Pardej","doi":"10.16926/pe.2022.15.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16926/pe.2022.15.20","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses educational aspects in the work of a teacher of vocational subjects in technical schools training for the profession of hotel management technician. The results of own research are presented, in which the research problem was formulated in the form of the question: how do teachers of vocational subjects in hotel technical schools perform the educational function? The research was qualitative in nature. Nine teachers of vocational subjects (teachers of theoretical vocational subjects and a teacher of practical vocational training) from two schools participated in it. During the research, the interview method and document analysis method were used. From the educational and preventive programs in effect at the studied schools, educational goals and a description of the student graduating from the technical school were obtained. An analysis was made of the extent to which they are implemented during lessons in vocational subjects.","PeriodicalId":34685,"journal":{"name":"Podstawy Edukacji","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67612345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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