Fernanda Cristina Corrêa, Ludmila C.de Alckmin E Silva, Jony Javorski Eckert, Franco Giuseppe Dedini
Os veiculos automotores tem uma grande contribuicao na quantidade de poluentes presentes no ar, desta forma, o interesse na utilizacao de veiculos eletricos vem ganhando espaco cada vez mais no sentido de substituir os veiculos convencionais em um futuro proximo. Veiculos eletricos sao aqueles onde o sistema propulsor e dado por um motor eletrico alimentado por um sistema de armazenamento de energia, que pode ser formado por um conjunto de baterias apenas, ou por um conjunto de baterias conectados a supercapacitores. A utilizacao de supercapacitores juntamente com o conjunto de baterias tem como proposito armazenar os picos de energia provenientes das frenagens, realizando o condicionamento dessa energia para que esta possa ser armazenada no conjunto de baterias ou utilizada pelo motor eletrico. Neste trabalho sera utilizado um modelo de veiculo eletrico com dois motores eletricos, cada um acoplado as rodas dianteiras, onde sera desenvolvido o gerenciamento de energia entre o conjunto de baterias e supercapacitores visando o aumento da autonomia da bateria sem causar prejuizo ao desempenho veicular. Para o desenvolvimento do sistema de gerenciamento sera utilizada a logica fuzzy, cujos resultados serao comparados a estrategia baseada em regras, o que possibilita analise comparativa da melhoria da autonomia do veiculo.
{"title":"Aplicação da Lógica Fuzzy no Gerenciamento de Sistemas de Armazenamento de Energia","authors":"Fernanda Cristina Corrêa, Ludmila C.de Alckmin E Silva, Jony Javorski Eckert, Franco Giuseppe Dedini","doi":"10.3895/JAIC.V7N2.12938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3895/JAIC.V7N2.12938","url":null,"abstract":"Os veiculos automotores tem uma grande contribuicao na quantidade de poluentes presentes no ar, desta forma, o interesse na utilizacao de veiculos eletricos vem ganhando espaco cada vez mais no sentido de substituir os veiculos convencionais em um futuro proximo. Veiculos eletricos sao aqueles onde o sistema propulsor e dado por um motor eletrico alimentado por um sistema de armazenamento de energia, que pode ser formado por um conjunto de baterias apenas, ou por um conjunto de baterias conectados a supercapacitores. A utilizacao de supercapacitores juntamente com o conjunto de baterias tem como proposito armazenar os picos de energia provenientes das frenagens, realizando o condicionamento dessa energia para que esta possa ser armazenada no conjunto de baterias ou utilizada pelo motor eletrico. Neste trabalho sera utilizado um modelo de veiculo eletrico com dois motores eletricos, cada um acoplado as rodas dianteiras, onde sera desenvolvido o gerenciamento de energia entre o conjunto de baterias e supercapacitores visando o aumento da autonomia da bateria sem causar prejuizo ao desempenho veicular. Para o desenvolvimento do sistema de gerenciamento sera utilizada a logica fuzzy, cujos resultados serao comparados a estrategia baseada em regras, o que possibilita analise comparativa da melhoria da autonomia do veiculo.","PeriodicalId":346963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Instrumentation and Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129381669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Eduardo Pontim, José Alves Mendes Júnior, H. V. P. Martins, D. Campos
A eletromiografia de superfície (EMs) tem sido um sinal amplamente pesquisado para o controle de próteses. Esse processo é baseado nas etapas de processamento de sEMG como segmentação, extração de características e classificação, que reconhece esses biossinais em gestos a serem realizados para a prótese. Dentre esses processos, a segmentação é uma etapa fundamental, porém algumas variáveis não são exploradas, com o objetivo de melhorar o desempenho da classificação. Neste trabalho, analisou-se a influência da segmentação sobreposta da EMGs no reconhecimento de padrões para gestos manuais utilizados para controlar uma prótese de flexão superior. Dados de seis gestos comumente usados foram adquiridos pela braçadeira comercial de 8 canais (MyoThalmic Labs) de 7 indivíduos no antebraço. Os parâmetros de segmentação avaliados foram o comprimento da janela, a fração de sobreposição e o comprimento total do sinal (truncamento). Foram extraídas quatro características do domínio do tempo : escala L, comprimento máximo do fractal, valor médio do quadrado da raiz e amplitude de Willison. Os classificadores Linear Discriminand Analisis e K-Nearest Neighbor foram utilizados para reconhecer os gestos. O teste de Wilcoxon foi realizado para avaliar diferença significativa da distribuição dos resultados (p <0,05). Os melhores resultados obtidos no classificador foram obtidos com o classificador KNN, com as seguintes especificações: janela de 0,45s, fração de sobreposição de 25% e truncamento de 100%, com97,4% de precisão. Observou-se que, aumentando o comprimento da janela, a precisão dos classificadores também aumenta. A taxa de sobreposição apresenta algumas diferenças significativas na distribuição, onde etapas menores de sobreposição melhoram a precisão. Em relação ao truncamento, a combinação do início e da última parte do sinal (não apenas o início) contém as informações úteis para o reconhecimento de padrões.
{"title":"Impact of sEMG Time-series Segmentation Parameters on the Recognition of Hand Gestures","authors":"Carlos Eduardo Pontim, José Alves Mendes Júnior, H. V. P. Martins, D. Campos","doi":"10.3895/JAIC.V8N1.11313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3895/JAIC.V8N1.11313","url":null,"abstract":"A eletromiografia de superfície (EMs) tem sido um sinal amplamente pesquisado para o controle de próteses. Esse processo é baseado nas etapas de processamento de sEMG como segmentação, extração de características e classificação, que reconhece esses biossinais em gestos a serem realizados para a prótese. Dentre esses processos, a segmentação é uma etapa fundamental, porém algumas variáveis não são exploradas, com o objetivo de melhorar o desempenho da classificação. Neste trabalho, analisou-se a influência da segmentação sobreposta da EMGs no reconhecimento de padrões para gestos manuais utilizados para controlar uma prótese de flexão superior. Dados de seis gestos comumente usados foram adquiridos pela braçadeira comercial de 8 canais (MyoThalmic Labs) de 7 indivíduos no antebraço. Os parâmetros de segmentação avaliados foram o comprimento da janela, a fração de sobreposição e o comprimento total do sinal (truncamento). Foram extraídas quatro características do domínio do tempo : escala L, comprimento máximo do fractal, valor médio do quadrado da raiz e amplitude de Willison. Os classificadores Linear Discriminand Analisis e K-Nearest Neighbor foram utilizados para reconhecer os gestos. O teste de Wilcoxon foi realizado para avaliar diferença significativa da distribuição dos resultados (p <0,05). Os melhores resultados obtidos no classificador foram obtidos com o classificador KNN, com as seguintes especificações: janela de 0,45s, fração de sobreposição de 25% e truncamento de 100%, com97,4% de precisão. Observou-se que, aumentando o comprimento da janela, a precisão dos classificadores também aumenta. A taxa de sobreposição apresenta algumas diferenças significativas na distribuição, onde etapas menores de sobreposição melhoram a precisão. Em relação ao truncamento, a combinação do início e da última parte do sinal (não apenas o início) contém as informações úteis para o reconhecimento de padrões.","PeriodicalId":346963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Instrumentation and Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115804255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The suitable performance of an industrial process needs regulatory control loops to adjust the main process variables to their especified reference values (set-points), and to compensate eventual load disturbances on the process. Regulatory control is fundamentally used in the industry for stabilizing process variables, and it’s generally implemented through the SCADA architeture of the plantwide control system. The absence or inefficiency of control in an industrial process generally implies in losses of productivity so that regulatory control is a key issue for improving process performance. In this context, this article presents the development and implementation of a control strategy for regulating the output mass flow (in t/h) of a crushing plant in the Carajás Iron Ore Processing Factory. The plant has eight feeders in parallel, and the goal was to control such feeders so that the resulting output flow matches a specified production set-point (in t/h). The article first explains the process, the control problem, and the transfer function model of the process. Subsequently, one’s presented the control strategy, which was based on a switching between a constant and a PI control action. The suitability of the strategy was investigated through computational simulations. Finally, the results and conclusions are discussed
{"title":"Parallel Switching Regulatory Control of Iron Ore Flowrate from Multiple Feeders with Time Delay","authors":"Sidney Viana","doi":"10.3895/JAIC.V6N1.5763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3895/JAIC.V6N1.5763","url":null,"abstract":"The suitable performance of an industrial process needs regulatory control loops to adjust the main process variables to their especified reference values (set-points), and to compensate eventual load disturbances on the process. Regulatory control is fundamentally used in the industry for stabilizing process variables, and it’s generally implemented through the SCADA architeture of the plantwide control system. The absence or inefficiency of control in an industrial process generally implies in losses of productivity so that regulatory control is a key issue for improving process performance. In this context, this article presents the development and implementation of a control strategy for regulating the output mass flow (in t/h) of a crushing plant in the Carajás Iron Ore Processing Factory. The plant has eight feeders in parallel, and the goal was to control such feeders so that the resulting output flow matches a specified production set-point (in t/h). The article first explains the process, the control problem, and the transfer function model of the process. Subsequently, one’s presented the control strategy, which was based on a switching between a constant and a PI control action. The suitability of the strategy was investigated through computational simulations. Finally, the results and conclusions are discussed","PeriodicalId":346963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Instrumentation and Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132610660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mineral processing facilities commonly have storage bins for temporary housing of the ore supplied to their processing lines. Facilities with large rectangular bins usually have a tripper machine to load and spread the ore along the entire extension of the bin, by means of forth-and-back traveling movements. The positioning control of a tripper is a relevant yet less concerned control problems, with significant impact on the productivity of mineral processing facilities, for which a poor controlled tripper is a common source of bottleneck. This work concerns the development and implementation of a strategy for autonomous position determination for a tripper in a large iron ore processing facility, with the ultimate goal of eliminating the need for a local operator to decide the tripper positioning under manual operation. Such “autonomous positioning advisor” acts as an expert system to determine the “best” position (bin cell) where the tripper should be placed to feed the bin in order to meet some operational requirements as: (1) to make the ore level more uniform across the bin; (2) to prevent excessive and unnecessary travels of the tripper; and (3) to suppress the ore discharge from the tripper to the bin when the tripper needs to travel over a fully filled cells to reach the destination cell. The positioning control strategy was based on operational knowledge and procedures used by the tripper operators when operating the tripper in manual mode. The results obtained with the autonomous positioning advisor allowed the tripper to operate consistently in automatic mode and showed improved operational performance.
{"title":"Autonomous Positioning Advisor for Trippers in Mineral Processing Facilities","authors":"Sidney Viana","doi":"10.3895/JAIC.V6N1.5764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3895/JAIC.V6N1.5764","url":null,"abstract":"Mineral processing facilities commonly have storage bins for temporary housing of the ore supplied to their processing lines. Facilities with large rectangular bins usually have a tripper machine to load and spread the ore along the entire extension of the bin, by means of forth-and-back traveling movements. The positioning control of a tripper is a relevant yet less concerned control problems, with significant impact on the productivity of mineral processing facilities, for which a poor controlled tripper is a common source of bottleneck. This work concerns the development and implementation of a strategy for autonomous position determination for a tripper in a large iron ore processing facility, with the ultimate goal of eliminating the need for a local operator to decide the tripper positioning under manual operation. Such “autonomous positioning advisor” acts as an expert system to determine the “best” position (bin cell) where the tripper should be placed to feed the bin in order to meet some operational requirements as: (1) to make the ore level more uniform across the bin; (2) to prevent excessive and unnecessary travels of the tripper; and (3) to suppress the ore discharge from the tripper to the bin when the tripper needs to travel over a fully filled cells to reach the destination cell. The positioning control strategy was based on operational knowledge and procedures used by the tripper operators when operating the tripper in manual mode. The results obtained with the autonomous positioning advisor allowed the tripper to operate consistently in automatic mode and showed improved operational performance.","PeriodicalId":346963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Instrumentation and Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125904485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O presente trabalho discute a influencia do uso de diferentes formas de previsao construidas em estudos de series mensais de vazoes fluviais. Uma das maneiras usualmente adotadas pelo Setor Eletrico Brasileiro (SEB) e o uso de 12 preditores lineares mensais do tipo periodico auto-regressivo, e previsoes recursivas para horizontes mais longos que um passo a frente. Uma alternativa possivel e a utilizacao de um unico modelo para toda a serie e realizar de maneira direta para horizontes de mais de um passo a frente. Os resultados computacionais obtidos neste trabalho indicam que a forma frequentemente adotada pelo SEB pode nao ser a mais adequada para a solucao do problema. Os estudos de caso indicam tambem que a arquitetura de redes neurais artificiais do tipo maquina de aprendizado extremo alcancou melhor desempenho que os modelos lineares.
{"title":"Avaliação de abordagens alternativas de previsão no estudo de séries de vazões","authors":"Jônatas Trabuco Belotti, I. Luna, H. Siqueira","doi":"10.3895/JAIC.V6N2.9001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3895/JAIC.V6N2.9001","url":null,"abstract":"O presente trabalho discute a influencia do uso de diferentes formas de previsao construidas em estudos de series mensais de vazoes fluviais. Uma das maneiras usualmente adotadas pelo Setor Eletrico Brasileiro (SEB) e o uso de 12 preditores lineares mensais do tipo periodico auto-regressivo, e previsoes recursivas para horizontes mais longos que um passo a frente. Uma alternativa possivel e a utilizacao de um unico modelo para toda a serie e realizar de maneira direta para horizontes de mais de um passo a frente. Os resultados computacionais obtidos neste trabalho indicam que a forma frequentemente adotada pelo SEB pode nao ser a mais adequada para a solucao do problema. Os estudos de caso indicam tambem que a arquitetura de redes neurais artificiais do tipo maquina de aprendizado extremo alcancou melhor desempenho que os modelos lineares.","PeriodicalId":346963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Instrumentation and Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130601544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Felipe Garcia, José Jair Alves Mendes Junior, M. L. B. Freitas, S. Stevan
This article presents a wearable device capable of acquiring both facial EMG and EOG biopotentials. The circuit developed has amplification and filtering stages that eliminate higher frequency noises and low frequency biopotentials to use a band of frequency for acquisition of contractions from Frontalis muscle above the eyebrow and ocular movements on the vertical and horizontal axis. The output signal has an adjustment of gain and an offset that permits the application in embedded systems and digitally processing to eliminate 60 Hz noises. The wearable device is a mask with five electrodes allocated to make the acquisitions according to the positioning. The circuit is capable of acquiring both facial EMG and EOG simultaneously, but in this article they were acquired individually. Improvements in the whole system are being made and other ocular movements, like eye focus and involuntary movements for example, may be acquired in future works involving this system.
{"title":"Wearable Device for EMG and EOG acquisition","authors":"Felipe Garcia, José Jair Alves Mendes Junior, M. L. B. Freitas, S. Stevan","doi":"10.3895/JAIC.V6N1.8676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3895/JAIC.V6N1.8676","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a wearable device capable of acquiring both facial EMG and EOG biopotentials. The circuit developed has amplification and filtering stages that eliminate higher frequency noises and low frequency biopotentials to use a band of frequency for acquisition of contractions from Frontalis muscle above the eyebrow and ocular movements on the vertical and horizontal axis. The output signal has an adjustment of gain and an offset that permits the application in embedded systems and digitally processing to eliminate 60 Hz noises. The wearable device is a mask with five electrodes allocated to make the acquisitions according to the positioning. The circuit is capable of acquiring both facial EMG and EOG simultaneously, but in this article they were acquired individually. Improvements in the whole system are being made and other ocular movements, like eye focus and involuntary movements for example, may be acquired in future works involving this system.","PeriodicalId":346963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Instrumentation and Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130066239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcelo Bissi Pires, J. J. A. Mendes Junior, S. Stevan Jr.
In this paper, a different approach on the use of the ADS1299 (an analog front-end with features for electroencephalogram and electrocardiography signal acquisition) is considered, proposing the development of a surface electromyography (sEMG) device. The main features of the device include simultaneous recordings of eight muscular channels, wireless transmission and virtual instrumentation with the use of LabVIEWTM software. The proposed sEMG device contains a specifically designed protocol to accommodate data transmission by reducing the data size while still delivering adequate resolution (34.33 μV), amplitude range (±17.57 mV) and sampling rate (1000 Hz) for sEMG signals. For the validation methods, a generated sine wave and a known sEMG data were evaluated. Moreover, the muscular recordings for all the eight channels of a human arm were successful and the results expose the isolated contractions of the triceps and the biceps with their amplitude range and frequency spectrum.
{"title":"Development of an 8 channel sEMG wireless device based on ADS1299 with Virtual Instrumentation","authors":"Marcelo Bissi Pires, J. J. A. Mendes Junior, S. Stevan Jr.","doi":"10.3895/JAIC.V6N1.9163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3895/JAIC.V6N1.9163","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a different approach on the use of the ADS1299 (an analog front-end with features for electroencephalogram and electrocardiography signal acquisition) is considered, proposing the development of a surface electromyography (sEMG) device. The main features of the device include simultaneous recordings of eight muscular channels, wireless transmission and virtual instrumentation with the use of LabVIEWTM software. The proposed sEMG device contains a specifically designed protocol to accommodate data transmission by reducing the data size while still delivering adequate resolution (34.33 μV), amplitude range (±17.57 mV) and sampling rate (1000 Hz) for sEMG signals. For the validation methods, a generated sine wave and a known sEMG data were evaluated. Moreover, the muscular recordings for all the eight channels of a human arm were successful and the results expose the isolated contractions of the triceps and the biceps with their amplitude range and frequency spectrum.","PeriodicalId":346963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Instrumentation and Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116359455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The hydrocyclone separator is a processing equipment very used in the mineral industry for size separation of solid particles in ore slurries. It is also an equipment with low concerns about its control for an efficient performance. Traditionally, the monitoring and control of hydrocyclone is done by means of its operational variables as the flowrate Q, the density r, and the pressure P of the feed slurry stream of the hydrocyclone. However, the main outcome variable of interest in a hydrocyclone is its “cut-off size”, d50, which is the size at which 50% of the solids particles, in average, go to the coarse output (underflow) of the hydrocyclone, and the remaining 50%, in average, go to its fine output (overflow). The vast majority of hydrocyclone applications in mineral processing do not measure d50 on-line, because this requires the use of very expensive particle size analyzers. Because of this, hydrocyclones are usually operated in open loop with regards to its cut-off size d50, yet under closed loop control of the operational variables that affect d50 as the flowrate Q and the density r of the feed slurry stream. Nevertheless, most hydrocyclone applications suffer from bad performance due to the lack of understanding about the quantitative impact of the operational variables on the main outcome variable, the cut-off size d50. In this context, this article intends to quantify the relative impact of the flowrate Q and the density r on the cut-off size d50 by running Monte Carlo simulation on a mathematical model of the hydrocyclone. The results obtained provide useful knowledge for proper control of hydrocyclone performance.
{"title":"Sensitivity Analysis of Hydrocyclone Performance in Mineral Processing Using Monte Carlo Simulation","authors":"Sidney Viana","doi":"10.3895/JAIC.V5N2.5963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3895/JAIC.V5N2.5963","url":null,"abstract":"The hydrocyclone separator is a processing equipment very used in the mineral industry for size separation of solid particles in ore slurries. It is also an equipment with low concerns about its control for an efficient performance. Traditionally, the monitoring and control of hydrocyclone is done by means of its operational variables as the flowrate Q, the density r, and the pressure P of the feed slurry stream of the hydrocyclone. However, the main outcome variable of interest in a hydrocyclone is its “cut-off size”, d50, which is the size at which 50% of the solids particles, in average, go to the coarse output (underflow) of the hydrocyclone, and the remaining 50%, in average, go to its fine output (overflow). The vast majority of hydrocyclone applications in mineral processing do not measure d50 on-line, because this requires the use of very expensive particle size analyzers. Because of this, hydrocyclones are usually operated in open loop with regards to its cut-off size d50, yet under closed loop control of the operational variables that affect d50 as the flowrate Q and the density r of the feed slurry stream. Nevertheless, most hydrocyclone applications suffer from bad performance due to the lack of understanding about the quantitative impact of the operational variables on the main outcome variable, the cut-off size d50. In this context, this article intends to quantify the relative impact of the flowrate Q and the density r on the cut-off size d50 by running Monte Carlo simulation on a mathematical model of the hydrocyclone. The results obtained provide useful knowledge for proper control of hydrocyclone performance.","PeriodicalId":346963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Instrumentation and Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132594504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. H. Negri, A. Bartsch, M. S. M. Cavalca, A. Nied
Abstract— This paper presents a 1 kHz SVM-FOC (Space Vector Modulation with Field Oriented Control) drive system for a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor, using different control strategies. Such strategies are internal model and frequency response designed PI (Proportional and Integral) controllers and a multivariable MPC (Model Predictive Control) controller using a state-space prediction model. This MPC method becomes interesting for improving the closed-loop speed frequency response, since it results in a cascade-free controller. The performance of each controller was evaluated in a qualitative manner through simulations and quantitatively by load torque and speed reference AC sweeps, generating dynamic stiffness curves and Bode diagrams for the utilized techniques. Results show that the MPC approach is useful for enabling fast dynamic responses with the reduced switching frequency, which reduces the drive system cost and improves its efficiency.
{"title":"Frequency Response Comparison of PI-Based FOC and Cascade-Free MPC using 1 kHz SVM Applied to PMSM drive","authors":"G. H. Negri, A. Bartsch, M. S. M. Cavalca, A. Nied","doi":"10.3895/JAIC.V5N2.5945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3895/JAIC.V5N2.5945","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract— This paper presents a 1 kHz SVM-FOC (Space Vector Modulation with Field Oriented Control) drive system for a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor, using different control strategies. Such strategies are internal model and frequency response designed PI (Proportional and Integral) controllers and a multivariable MPC (Model Predictive Control) controller using a state-space prediction model. This MPC method becomes interesting for improving the closed-loop speed frequency response, since it results in a cascade-free controller. The performance of each controller was evaluated in a qualitative manner through simulations and quantitatively by load torque and speed reference AC sweeps, generating dynamic stiffness curves and Bode diagrams for the utilized techniques. Results show that the MPC approach is useful for enabling fast dynamic responses with the reduced switching frequency, which reduces the drive system cost and improves its efficiency.","PeriodicalId":346963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Instrumentation and Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126287488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Oliveira, R. Flesch, A. L. S. Pacheco, M. B. Demay
Electric motors are used in a great number of applications. These machines are mainly composed of a rotor and a stator. Regarding induction motors, the rate of defects in the stator manufacturing process is greater than in the rotor one, due to its higher complexity. To identify these faulty situations, the most common scenario is human operators performing inspections, but they are subjected to fatigue and lack of attention. This paper presents three redundant automatic vision systems and a mechanical test rig to inspect the force-induced disconnection of the stator power cables inside the electrical connector, a common defect of electric motor parts in assembly lines. These defects are typically not detected by electric tests, since in many situations the disconnection occurs after these tests, in operation, thus characterizing a field failure of the motor. A detailed description of each software routine for implementing the proposed inspection principles is presented. The test rig components and its operation to evidence the defects are also herein described. A case study using 20 connectors of real motors was proposed for evaluating the developed system and the achieved results are discussed, showing that the system could correctly identify 100% of the defects.
{"title":"Vision system for detection of defects in the electrical connector of electric motors: test rig and algorithms","authors":"B. Oliveira, R. Flesch, A. L. S. Pacheco, M. B. Demay","doi":"10.3895/JAIC.V5N1.5372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3895/JAIC.V5N1.5372","url":null,"abstract":"Electric motors are used in a great number of applications. These machines are mainly composed of a rotor and a stator. Regarding induction motors, the rate of defects in the stator manufacturing process is greater than in the rotor one, due to its higher complexity. To identify these faulty situations, the most common scenario is human operators performing inspections, but they are subjected to fatigue and lack of attention. This paper presents three redundant automatic vision systems and a mechanical test rig to inspect the force-induced disconnection of the stator power cables inside the electrical connector, a common defect of electric motor parts in assembly lines. These defects are typically not detected by electric tests, since in many situations the disconnection occurs after these tests, in operation, thus characterizing a field failure of the motor. A detailed description of each software routine for implementing the proposed inspection principles is presented. The test rig components and its operation to evidence the defects are also herein described. A case study using 20 connectors of real motors was proposed for evaluating the developed system and the achieved results are discussed, showing that the system could correctly identify 100% of the defects.","PeriodicalId":346963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Instrumentation and Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126809904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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