The article highlights the evolution of the legislation of the Russian Empire regarding the rules for joining the monastic order. It also shows how the approach to understanding the organization of monastic life in the Russian Empire has evolved: from the order as the main form to the monastery. On the examples of some people who wanted to join a monastic order, the discrepancy between the state legislation that allowed entry, and the practice that forbade them is shown.
{"title":"The Procedure of Joining the order in Belarus in the Second Half of XIX and at the Beginning of XX Century: Legislation and Practice","authors":"R. Zianiuk","doi":"10.15290/rtk.2022.21.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/rtk.2022.21.13","url":null,"abstract":"The article highlights the evolution of the legislation of the Russian Empire regarding the rules for joining the monastic order. It also shows how the approach to understanding the organization of monastic life in the Russian Empire has evolved: from the order as the main form to the monastery. On the examples of some people who wanted to join a monastic order, the discrepancy between the state legislation that allowed entry, and the practice that forbade them is shown.","PeriodicalId":346997,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Teologii Katolickiej","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116281036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article focuses on the history of the Christian family (and of the Jewish family to a lesser extent) and of the household on Polish soil since 1880s till 1939. It aims at presenting the demographic characteristics of rural families (of peasants, of petty nobility and of landowners) and urban families (of craftsmen, bourgeoisie and intelligentsia) as well as the circumstances of rising and lasting of these families. The Author of the article presents in detail such important features as: the age of the newlyweds, the length of the marriage, fertility rate and the death rate in the families. Furthermore, the Author indicates the influence of the intense economic and social transformations on Polish soil from the second half of XIX century on the role and position of each individual member of the family: the spouses, the children and the grandparents.
{"title":"Family structures on Polish soil at the end of the partitions period and in the interwar Poland. The outline of issues","authors":"C. Kuklo","doi":"10.15290/rtk.2022.21.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/rtk.2022.21.09","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the history of the Christian family (and of the Jewish family to a lesser extent) and of the household on Polish soil since 1880s till 1939. It aims at presenting the demographic characteristics of rural families (of peasants, of petty nobility and of landowners) and urban families (of craftsmen, bourgeoisie and intelligentsia) as well as the circumstances of rising and lasting of these families. The Author of the article presents in detail such important features as: the age of the newlyweds, the length of the marriage, fertility rate and the death rate in the families. Furthermore, the Author indicates the influence of the intense economic and social transformations on Polish soil from the second half of XIX century on the role and position of each individual member of the family: the spouses, the children and the grandparents.","PeriodicalId":346997,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Teologii Katolickiej","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126870827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sprawozdanie z działalności Katedry Teologii Katolickiej Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku w roku akademickim 2019/2020","authors":"L. Jakoniuk","doi":"10.15290/rtk.2020.19.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/rtk.2020.19.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":346997,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Teologii Katolickiej","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132234018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gottlieb Söhngen (1892-1971) is a figure of no small significance: he directed both Joseph Ratzinger’s (now Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI) dissertation and habilitation, and his writings on Anselm of Canterbury’s theological contri-butions illustrate the struggles of a then still nascent theological discipline: fundamental theology. Söhngen’s explorations occur within the context of National Socialist rule, while he teaches theology at Akademie Braunsberg in the eponymous city located in East Prussia (1937-45) during the dark years of the Third Reich. This investigation shows how very much Söhngen does justice to both Anselm’s oeuvre and the Roman Catholic statement, while nevertheless introducing pointers to pre-Christian, Germanic notions in order to flatter the Nazi rulers, but more importantly to underscore how pagan concepts ultimately indirectly prepare the ground for the implantation of the Gospel.
{"title":"Anselm of Canterbury and the Third Reich: Gottlieb Söhngen on Upholding the Humanum Amid the Inhumane","authors":"Emery de Gaál","doi":"10.15290/rtk.2021.20.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/rtk.2021.20.02","url":null,"abstract":"Gottlieb Söhngen (1892-1971) is a figure of no small significance: he directed both Joseph Ratzinger’s (now Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI) dissertation and habilitation, and his writings on Anselm of Canterbury’s theological contri-butions illustrate the struggles of a then still nascent theological discipline: fundamental theology. Söhngen’s explorations occur within the context of National Socialist rule, while he teaches theology at Akademie Braunsberg in the eponymous city located in East Prussia (1937-45) during the dark years of the Third Reich. This investigation shows how very much Söhngen does justice to both Anselm’s oeuvre and the Roman Catholic statement, while nevertheless introducing pointers to pre-Christian, Germanic notions in order to flatter the Nazi rulers, but more importantly to underscore how pagan concepts ultimately indirectly prepare the ground for the implantation of the Gospel.","PeriodicalId":346997,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Teologii Katolickiej","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131184366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hubert Hayer, an eighteenth century French Catholic theologian, waged a theological battle against anti-religious sentiment of his times. He presented a massive, elaborate treatise proving that the soul is an incorporeal entity endowed with attributes and faculties that cannot be explained in purely materialist terms. In addition, he presented arguments showing the immortality of the soul. However, these arguments relied to a large extent on the attributes of God and so he also presented several proofs of the existence of God.
{"title":"Theological arguments of Hubert Hayer","authors":"A. Drozdek","doi":"10.15290/rtk.2022.21.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/rtk.2022.21.02","url":null,"abstract":"Hubert Hayer, an eighteenth century French Catholic theologian, waged a theological battle against anti-religious sentiment of his times. He presented a massive, elaborate treatise proving that the soul is an incorporeal entity endowed with attributes and faculties that cannot be explained in purely materialist terms. In addition, he presented arguments showing the immortality of the soul. However, these arguments relied to a large extent on the attributes of God and so he also presented several proofs of the existence of God.","PeriodicalId":346997,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Teologii Katolickiej","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131306372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article discusses the problem of responsibility in Ezekiel 18:21-28. In the first part of the article, the author presents the principle of collective responsibility in ancient Israel. The second part shows the teaching of the prophet Ezekiel, who contrasts the former universally applicable principle of collective responsibility with his completely novel concept of individual responsibility. According to this new principle, everyone is personally responsible for his own behavior. A sinner can save his life by converting and entering on the path of a real spiritual life. For centuries the Catholic Church has interpreted Ezekiel’s encouragement to convert as an indirect invitation for the modern listener to be open to Christ.
{"title":"Responsibility for Sin in Ezekiel 18:21-28","authors":"K. Rudzinski","doi":"10.15290/rtk.2019.18.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/rtk.2019.18.08","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the problem of responsibility in Ezekiel 18:21-28. In the first part of the article, the author presents the principle of collective responsibility in ancient Israel. The second part shows the teaching of the prophet Ezekiel, who contrasts the former universally applicable principle of collective responsibility with his completely novel concept of individual responsibility. According to this new principle, everyone is personally responsible for his own behavior. A sinner can save his life by converting and entering on the path of a real spiritual life. For centuries the Catholic Church has interpreted Ezekiel’s encouragement to convert as an indirect invitation for the modern listener to be open to Christ.","PeriodicalId":346997,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Teologii Katolickiej","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133420861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article presents how the role of Roman Catholic monasteries evolved in Belarus from the nineteenth to the beginning of the twentieth centuries. It defines the traditional internal and external functions of the Catholic monastery and proceeds to convey how, due to Russian policies, Roman Catholic monasteries ceased to fulfill their traditional roles and took on new, unusual, and previously uncommon functions such as serving as prisons and boarding houses
{"title":"The Evolution of the Role of Roman Catholic Monasteries in Belarus from the Nineteenth Century to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century","authors":"R. Zianiuk","doi":"10.15290/rtk.2021.20.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/rtk.2021.20.06","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents how the role of Roman Catholic monasteries evolved in Belarus from the nineteenth to the beginning of the twentieth centuries. It defines the traditional internal and external functions of the Catholic monastery and proceeds to convey how, due to Russian policies, Roman Catholic monasteries ceased to fulfill their traditional roles and took on new, unusual, and previously uncommon functions such as serving as prisons and boarding houses","PeriodicalId":346997,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Teologii Katolickiej","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131510653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current form of apologia, which those within the milieu of the Department of Fundamental Theology and Philosophy at the Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw have termed the “new apologia,” is a contemporary and extremely dynamic phenomenon that has been developing in a multifaceted way since the end of the twentieth century to the present time. The new apologia’s dynamic return dates back to 1990s and the particular characteristics of this type of defense include: engagement, timeliness, insight, a constant presence in the sphere of the media, originality of arguments, and intellectual achievements. The new apologia “occurs” on many levels today, but most notably in contentious areas such as man’s identity as it is expressed in subjectivity, historical memory, culture, rationality and bioethics, and, above all, the Christian faith, which has been subjected to various trends that intend to deconstruct it: anthropological reductionism, Christophobia, jihadism, secularization, secularism, and alethophobia.
{"title":"The New Apologia: A Definition and Its Characteristics","authors":"Przemysław Artemiuk","doi":"10.15290/rtk.2019.18.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/rtk.2019.18.04","url":null,"abstract":"The current form of apologia, which those within the milieu of the Department of Fundamental Theology and Philosophy at the Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw have termed the “new apologia,” is a contemporary and extremely dynamic phenomenon that has been developing in a multifaceted way since the end of the twentieth century to the present time. The new apologia’s dynamic return dates back to 1990s and the particular characteristics of this type of defense include: engagement, timeliness, insight, a constant presence in the sphere of the media, originality of arguments, and intellectual achievements. The new apologia “occurs” on many levels today, but most notably in contentious areas such as man’s identity as it is expressed in subjectivity, historical memory, culture, rationality and bioethics, and, above all, the Christian faith, which has been subjected to various trends that intend to deconstruct it: anthropological reductionism, Christophobia, jihadism, secularization, secularism, and alethophobia.","PeriodicalId":346997,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Teologii Katolickiej","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130761250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The teaching of Father Michał Sopoćko which concerns the legal regulations of marriage remains highly relevant. One of the most important basis of functioning a family is establishing the property security. The Polish legal regulations have evolved over the years, we have witnessed various structures of the statutory matrimonial property regimes. Nowadays, at the moment of contracting marriage the spouses establish the community property (matrimonial joint property) which complies a subordinate role for marriage. To strengthen the protective function of the regime it is necessary to obtain the consent of the other spouse for any statutory legal actions.
{"title":"The functions of the spouse’s consent for the legal actions within the statutory matrimonial property regime","authors":"Teresa Mróz","doi":"10.15290/rtk.2022.21.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/rtk.2022.21.10","url":null,"abstract":"The teaching of Father Michał Sopoćko which concerns the legal regulations of marriage remains highly relevant. One of the most important basis of functioning a family is establishing the property security. The Polish legal regulations have evolved over the years, we have witnessed various structures of the statutory matrimonial property regimes. Nowadays, at the moment of contracting marriage the spouses establish the community property (matrimonial joint property) which complies a subordinate role for marriage. To strengthen the protective function of the regime it is necessary to obtain the consent of the other spouse for any statutory legal actions.","PeriodicalId":346997,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Teologii Katolickiej","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122311005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jesus’ Cross, death, and Resurrection are events from His life that paved the way for man’s salvation. The Son of God’s passion and death on the Cross led to the Resurrection. Because of Jesus Christ’s Resurrection, every person who remains in union with him can count on experiencing his own personal resurrection. Christ took up the Cross out of love for man and, in so doing, paved the way to eternal life. The prospect of eternal life was made possible for man through Jesus’ redemption, which He achieved on the cross and brought to completion in the Resurrection. Because of this greatest of mysteries, man’s union with God does not cease when he dies, but rather continues within God’s eternal life. This article considers Ratzinger’s theology that presents the staurological basis of the mystery of the Resurrection and is organized into three categories: the Cross, death, and the Resurrection. When man lives with Christ, he enters into a relationship of love that leads to the cross, which transforms time and is a precursor to eternity.
{"title":"Ratzinger’s Reflections on the Staurological Foundation of the Resurrection","authors":"Andrzej Proniewski","doi":"10.15290/rtk.2020.19.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/rtk.2020.19.07","url":null,"abstract":"Jesus’ Cross, death, and Resurrection are events from His life that paved the way for man’s salvation. The Son of God’s passion and death on the Cross led to the Resurrection. Because of Jesus Christ’s Resurrection, every person who remains in union with him can count on experiencing his own personal resurrection. Christ took up the Cross out of love for man and, in so doing, paved the way to eternal life. The prospect of eternal life was made possible for man through Jesus’ redemption, which He achieved on the cross and brought to completion in the Resurrection. Because of this greatest of mysteries, man’s union with God does not cease when he dies, but rather continues within God’s eternal life. This article considers Ratzinger’s theology that presents the staurological basis of the mystery of the Resurrection and is organized into three categories: the Cross, death, and the Resurrection. When man lives with Christ, he enters into a relationship of love that leads to the cross, which transforms time and is a precursor to eternity.","PeriodicalId":346997,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Teologii Katolickiej","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114288666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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