R. O. Ige, R. O. Akande, O. R. Ilori, O.K. Israel, O.L. Abodurin, A.B. Idowu, N.E. Anegbe, V.T. Akin-Dosumu, R. A. Adegoke, O. A. Fatoye, O.B. Bada
Background: Utilization of maternal and child health services has been linked to the characteristics of the health delivery system like the geographical and economic accessibility (cost) of these services. Low utilization of these services has been implicated in the explanation of high maternal and child mortality worldwide. Early and prompt utilization of maternal and child health care services would have averted most of these deaths. This study assessed the accessibility and utilization of maternal and child health services among mothers in rural and urban communities of Oyo state.Methods: This is a comparative cross-sectional study using a mixed method (quantitative and qualitative) of data collection. A pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 300 respondents that were recruited using a multistage sampling technique. The qualitative data was obtained through focus group discussions (FGD) with four groups selected using purposive sampling. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 22 at 95% significance level with a p<0.05.Results: This study showed that significant differences existed between the respondents' utilization of maternal and child health services among women of child bearing age in the rural and urban communities (p= 0.013). Few respondents in rural communities (72, 48.0%) have good utilization of maternal and child health services compared to the urban communities where more respondents (119,79.3%) have good utilization of maternal and child health services. Proximity of health facility and affordability of maternal and child health service were found to be statistically significant for respondents in the rural community. This finding is also similar to the FGD findings from the rural discussants.Conclusion: Overall good accessibility and good utilization of maternal and child health services were found to be more for respondents in the urban areas compared their counterparts in the rural communities. It is important for the government to initiate policies on health insurance to favour maternal and child health services especially in the rural communities.
{"title":"Accessibility andutilization of maternal and child health services among mothers in rural and urban communities of Oyo State","authors":"R. O. Ige, R. O. Akande, O. R. Ilori, O.K. Israel, O.L. Abodurin, A.B. Idowu, N.E. Anegbe, V.T. Akin-Dosumu, R. A. Adegoke, O. A. Fatoye, O.B. Bada","doi":"10.4314/sjmrp.v12i2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/sjmrp.v12i2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Utilization of maternal and child health services has been linked to the characteristics of the health delivery system like the geographical and economic accessibility (cost) of these services. Low utilization of these services has been implicated in the explanation of high maternal and child mortality worldwide. Early and prompt utilization of maternal and child health care services would have averted most of these deaths. This study assessed the accessibility and utilization of maternal and child health services among mothers in rural and urban communities of Oyo state.Methods: This is a comparative cross-sectional study using a mixed method (quantitative and qualitative) of data collection. A pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 300 respondents that were recruited using a multistage sampling technique. The qualitative data was obtained through focus group discussions (FGD) with four groups selected using purposive sampling. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 22 at 95% significance level with a p<0.05.Results: This study showed that significant differences existed between the respondents' utilization of maternal and child health services among women of child bearing age in the rural and urban communities (p= 0.013). Few respondents in rural communities (72, 48.0%) have good utilization of maternal and child health services compared to the urban communities where more respondents (119,79.3%) have good utilization of maternal and child health services. Proximity of health facility and affordability of maternal and child health service were found to be statistically significant for respondents in the rural community. This finding is also similar to the FGD findings from the rural discussants.Conclusion: Overall good accessibility and good utilization of maternal and child health services were found to be more for respondents in the urban areas compared their counterparts in the rural communities. It is important for the government to initiate policies on health insurance to favour maternal and child health services especially in the rural communities.","PeriodicalId":347051,"journal":{"name":"Savannah Journal of Medical Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140748836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S.O. Ayodele, H. Omokanye, K.C. Uche-Okonkwo, O. A. Afolabi, B. S. Alabi
Head and neck cancers exert a rising toll on healthcare in developing countries, Nigeria inclusive. The population has been growing in geometric progression, so is the number of people living with head and neck cancers in the country, yet few efforts have been targeted at improving existing resources and manpower dedicated to providing quality care for head and neck cancer patients. This review presents up-to-date assessment of the burden of head and neck cancers and challenges of managing patients with the disease in Nigeria, based on current literature and published peer reviewed studies in Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Database of systematic reviews for articles in English language.
{"title":"Rising challenges of head and neck cancer in Nigeria: The burden, trends, issues and prospects","authors":"S.O. Ayodele, H. Omokanye, K.C. Uche-Okonkwo, O. A. Afolabi, B. S. Alabi","doi":"10.4314/sjmrp.v12i2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/sjmrp.v12i2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Head and neck cancers exert a rising toll on healthcare in developing countries, Nigeria inclusive. The population has been growing in geometric progression, so is the number of people living with head and neck cancers in the country, yet few efforts have been targeted at improving existing resources and manpower dedicated to providing quality care for head and neck cancer patients. This review presents up-to-date assessment of the burden of head and neck cancers and challenges of managing patients with the disease in Nigeria, based on current literature and published peer reviewed studies in Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Database of systematic reviews for articles in English language.","PeriodicalId":347051,"journal":{"name":"Savannah Journal of Medical Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140746281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Olarewaju, R. O. Ige, A. Oladele, E.M. Ogba, A.A. Akinpelu, O.M Gbadamasi, A.A. Famakinde
Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)testing is a crucial step in the prevention and control of HIV. Nurses, as primary healthcare providers, play a vital role in promoting HIV testing service and providing accurate information to patients. This study assessed the sociodemographic correlates of HIV knowledge, perceived risk and uptake of HIV testing among nurses in Osogbo.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study design using multistage sampling method for selection of 220 nurses from both private and public health facilities in Osogbo. Data was collected using a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire and IBM SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis.Results: The knowledge of HIV/AIDs was good among the respondents (74.4%), 63.6% of the respondents had perceived high-risk of contracting HIV while 89.3% had uptake HIV testing service. Statistical significance was found with nurses in private hospitals who were more knowledgeable on HIV/AIDs than those who work in a public hospital (x2= 4.136, P= 0.042), none of the socio-demographic characteristics was statistically associated with perceived high-risk of the disease.Conclusion: The study found that a significant number of respondents had poor knowledge on HIV/AIDS despite being health workers, there was a gap in their perceived risk and a satisfactoryuptake of HIV testing. However, the socio-demographic characteristics that had a statistical relationship with HIV knowledge and uptake of HIV test were facility category and gender
导言：人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）检测是预防和控制 HIV 的关键一步。护士作为初级医疗服务提供者，在推广 HIV 检测服务和向患者提供准确信息方面发挥着至关重要的作用。本研究评估了奥索博护士艾滋病知识、感知风险和接受艾滋病检测的社会人口学相关因素：这是一项横断面研究，采用多阶段抽样方法，从奥索博的私营和公共医疗机构中选取了 220 名护士。采用半结构式自填问卷收集数据，并使用 IBM SPSS 23 版进行数据分析：受访者对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的了解程度较高（74.4%），63.6%的受访者认为自己有感染艾滋病毒的高风险，89.3%的受访者接受了艾滋病毒检测服务。研究发现，私立医院的护士比公立医院的护士对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的了解程度更高（x2= 4.136，P= 0.042），而社会人口学特征与感知到的疾病高风险均无统计学关联：研究发现，相当多的受访者尽管是卫生工作者，但对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的了解甚少，在感知风险和接受艾滋病毒检测方面存在差距。然而，与艾滋病毒知识和接受艾滋病毒检测有统计学关系的社会人口特征是机构类别和性别。
{"title":"Socio-demographic correlates of knowledge, perceived risk and uptake of HIV testing among Nurses in Osogbo, South-western Nigeria.","authors":"S. Olarewaju, R. O. Ige, A. Oladele, E.M. Ogba, A.A. Akinpelu, O.M Gbadamasi, A.A. Famakinde","doi":"10.4314/sjmrp.v12i2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/sjmrp.v12i2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)testing is a crucial step in the prevention and control of HIV. Nurses, as primary healthcare providers, play a vital role in promoting HIV testing service and providing accurate information to patients. This study assessed the sociodemographic correlates of HIV knowledge, perceived risk and uptake of HIV testing among nurses in Osogbo.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study design using multistage sampling method for selection of 220 nurses from both private and public health facilities in Osogbo. Data was collected using a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire and IBM SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis.Results: The knowledge of HIV/AIDs was good among the respondents (74.4%), 63.6% of the respondents had perceived high-risk of contracting HIV while 89.3% had uptake HIV testing service. Statistical significance was found with nurses in private hospitals who were more knowledgeable on HIV/AIDs than those who work in a public hospital (x2= 4.136, P= 0.042), none of the socio-demographic characteristics was statistically associated with perceived high-risk of the disease.Conclusion: The study found that a significant number of respondents had poor knowledge on HIV/AIDS despite being health workers, there was a gap in their perceived risk and a satisfactoryuptake of HIV testing. However, the socio-demographic characteristics that had a statistical relationship with HIV knowledge and uptake of HIV test were facility category and gender","PeriodicalId":347051,"journal":{"name":"Savannah Journal of Medical Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140750455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: With the rapidly spreading COVID-19 infection around the world in 2020, international alliance and governments mobilized resources to produce multiple vaccine within the shortest period and it was discovered to be the single most effective agent to contain the virus.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the satisfaction of participants with the Covid-19 vaccination exercise carried out in Niger State.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive design in which the respondents were randomly selected from the selected vaccination cluster(site). Exit interview was conducted among 388 respondents with pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. SPSS version 27 and AMOS software were used to carry out the analysis.Results: Overall level of satisfaction was found to be 53.6%. The reliability coefficient was Cronbach alpha 0.882. SEM revealed that all the dimensions studied influence level of satisfaction (p=0.000).There was significant associations between age and occupation with level of satisfaction (p<0.05). Multi variate binary logistic regression did not reveal any significant predictor of satisfaction among the socio demographic variables (p>0.05).Conclusion: The marginal increase level of satisfaction underscores the need to resolve the variables the clients were dissatisfied with. The health workers carrying the immunization process should be retrained on the needs of the clients.
{"title":"Covid-19 vaccination satisfaction among the inhabitants of Niger State, North Central, Nigeria","authors":"I.M. Sheshi, S. J. Jiya","doi":"10.4314/sjmrp.v12i2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/sjmrp.v12i2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: With the rapidly spreading COVID-19 infection around the world in 2020, international alliance and governments mobilized resources to produce multiple vaccine within the shortest period and it was discovered to be the single most effective agent to contain the virus.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the satisfaction of participants with the Covid-19 vaccination exercise carried out in Niger State.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive design in which the respondents were randomly selected from the selected vaccination cluster(site). Exit interview was conducted among 388 respondents with pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. SPSS version 27 and AMOS software were used to carry out the analysis.Results: Overall level of satisfaction was found to be 53.6%. The reliability coefficient was Cronbach alpha 0.882. SEM revealed that all the dimensions studied influence level of satisfaction (p=0.000).There was significant associations between age and occupation with level of satisfaction (p<0.05). Multi variate binary logistic regression did not reveal any significant predictor of satisfaction among the socio demographic variables (p>0.05).Conclusion: The marginal increase level of satisfaction underscores the need to resolve the variables the clients were dissatisfied with. The health workers carrying the immunization process should be retrained on the needs of the clients.","PeriodicalId":347051,"journal":{"name":"Savannah Journal of Medical Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140746952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Re: Notice of fifteen (15) days ultimatum and commencement of an indefinite strike action by the Joint Healh Sector Union (JOHESU): Matters arising","authors":"O. Adedoyin","doi":"10.4314/sjmrp.v10i1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/sjmrp.v10i1.5","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":347051,"journal":{"name":"Savannah Journal of Medical Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123102784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"WMA International Code of Medical Ethics","authors":"O. Adedoyin","doi":"10.4314/sjmrp.v10i2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/sjmrp.v10i2.4","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":347051,"journal":{"name":"Savannah Journal of Medical Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123597922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feeling of lump in the throat is a common reason for referral of patients to the oto-rhinolaryngology and head and neck clinic. The impression of the referring physician notwithstanding, the onus is on the otorhinolaryngologist to objectively evaluate every patient and manage as appropriate. This review is a summary of scientific information search outcome from Medline bibliographic database, published scholarly references, abstracts and/or full texts of articles and textbooks. The focus is on clinical approach to the patient, differential diagnoses and management options, and the search terms were globus pharyngeus, lump in the throat, laryngopharyngeal reflux. In the present paper, we highlight a useful working guide for history taking, physical examination, investigation and management of a patient with complaint of lump in the throat.
{"title":"“Lump In The Throat”: Approach To Patient, Differential Diagnosis And Management","authors":"H. Omokanye, A. Aluko, L. Abdur-rahman","doi":"10.4314/sjmrp.v10i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/sjmrp.v10i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Feeling of lump in the throat is a common reason for referral of patients to the oto-rhinolaryngology and head and neck clinic. The impression of the referring physician notwithstanding, the onus is on the otorhinolaryngologist to objectively evaluate every patient and manage as appropriate. This review is a summary of scientific information search outcome from Medline bibliographic database, published scholarly references, abstracts and/or full texts of articles and textbooks. The focus is on clinical approach to the patient, differential diagnoses and management options, and the search terms were globus pharyngeus, lump in the throat, laryngopharyngeal reflux. In the present paper, we highlight a useful working guide for history taking, physical examination, investigation and management of a patient with complaint of lump in the throat.","PeriodicalId":347051,"journal":{"name":"Savannah Journal of Medical Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114999297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Q. Lawal, C. Owobu, A. Njoku, E.O. Arekhandia, I. Lawal
Background: Gestational Trophoblastic Diseases (GTD) is a group of interrelated heterogeneous disease of trophoblastic tissue resulting from abnormal fertilization, characterized by abnormal tissue proliferation. Characteristically, prognosis positively correlates with early diagnosis and treatment. Objective: The objective was to determine the burden, clinical presentation, management and outcomesof GTD at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria. Methodology: A five-year descriptive (retrospective) study of histologically confirmed cases of st th GTD managed in ISTH between 1 July, 2016 and 30 June, 2021 was undertaken. Inclusion criteria: patient that were management at the study site, histology confirmation and availability of the case-file for review. Women managed for other gynaecological disorders or those with suspected GTD but no histologic confirmation were excluded from the study. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0 and the results were presented in tables. Results: There were 21 cases of GTD and 4703 deliveries with an incidence of 4.5 per 1000 deliveries. The mean age of participants was 32.9±7.5 years. Partial mole was the commonest histologic type (47.4%), choriocarcinoma (31.6%), complete mole (10.5%), invasive mole and placenta site trophoblastic tumor-PSTT (5.3%) respectively. Abnormal vaginal bleeding was the commonest presenting symptom 89.5% (17/19); others were excessive vomiting 52.6% (10/19) and abdominal pain 36.8% (7/19 ). The treatment modalities included suction curettage (42.1%) , suction curettage and chemotherapy (36.8%), total abdominal hysterectomy and cytotoxic chemotherapy only (15.8%).Serum Beta hCG returned to normal within 4 weeks for molar pregnancy and an average of 6 months for choriocarinoma. Default rate from surveillance was 10/19 (52.6%) while two participants (10.5%) died as cases of choriocarcinoma with advanced disease from late presentation. Conclusion: Abnormal vaginal bleeding was the commonest presentation of GTD with high default and mortality rates. Therefore, efforts should be geared towards education and awareness to improve early presentation, surveillance and prompt treatment.
{"title":"Gestational Trophoblastic Disease In Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Nigeria: A 5-year Review","authors":"Q. Lawal, C. Owobu, A. Njoku, E.O. Arekhandia, I. Lawal","doi":"10.4314/sjmrp.v10i1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/sjmrp.v10i1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gestational Trophoblastic Diseases (GTD) is a group of interrelated heterogeneous disease of trophoblastic tissue resulting from abnormal fertilization, characterized by abnormal tissue proliferation. Characteristically, prognosis positively correlates with early diagnosis and treatment. \u0000Objective: The objective was to determine the burden, clinical presentation, management and outcomesof GTD at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria. \u0000Methodology: A five-year descriptive (retrospective) study of histologically confirmed cases of st th GTD managed in ISTH between 1 July, 2016 and 30 June, 2021 was undertaken. Inclusion criteria: patient that were management at the study site, histology confirmation and availability of the case-file for review. Women managed for other gynaecological disorders or those with suspected GTD but no histologic confirmation were excluded from the study. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0 and the results were presented in tables. \u0000Results: There were 21 cases of GTD and 4703 deliveries with an incidence of 4.5 per 1000 deliveries. The mean age of participants was 32.9±7.5 years. Partial mole was the commonest histologic type (47.4%), choriocarcinoma (31.6%), complete mole (10.5%), invasive mole and placenta site trophoblastic tumor-PSTT (5.3%) respectively. Abnormal vaginal bleeding was the commonest presenting symptom 89.5% (17/19); others were excessive vomiting 52.6% (10/19) and abdominal pain 36.8% (7/19 ). The treatment modalities included suction curettage (42.1%) , suction curettage and chemotherapy (36.8%), total abdominal hysterectomy and cytotoxic chemotherapy only (15.8%).Serum Beta hCG returned to normal within 4 weeks for molar pregnancy and an average of 6 months for choriocarinoma. Default rate from surveillance was 10/19 (52.6%) while two participants (10.5%) died as cases of choriocarcinoma with advanced disease from late presentation. \u0000Conclusion: Abnormal vaginal bleeding was the commonest presentation of GTD with high default and mortality rates. Therefore, efforts should be geared towards education and awareness to improve early presentation, surveillance and prompt treatment. ","PeriodicalId":347051,"journal":{"name":"Savannah Journal of Medical Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116849857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) remain a common cause of childhood morbidity, if poorly treated or undiagnosed, could result in long-term morbidities e.g. hypertension, failure to thrive and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). An appropriate antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is essential. Objective: The study determined the profile and antibiotic sensitivity patterns of bacterial strains isolated from febrile under-five children in Azare, North-Eastern Nigeria. Methods: 145 febrile under-five children seen in Federal Medical Centre Azare over six months(March to August 2008)were enrolled in a hospital-based prospective study. Urine obtained by midstream and suprapubic bladder aspiration was subjected to urinalysis, urine microscopy, culture and sensitivity. Results: Of the 145 subjects enrolled, 34(23.4%) had UTI;24(70%) males and 10(30%) females .Gram-negative organisms accounted for 67.6%, Gram-positive organisms 32.4% of isolates; Escherichia coli in 12 (35.3%) cultures; Staphylococcus aureus; 11 (32.4%); Klebsiella species; 8 (23.5%).The gram- negative enteric bacilli had a high prevalence of resistance against ampicillin, amoxicillin, nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin and co-trimoxazole. Conclusion: Escherichia coli was the most prevalent bacterial organisms isolated. Others were Klebsiella, Proteus and Pseudomonas species with Staphyloccocus aureus the only Gram-positive. The most effective agents were ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin. A higher prevalence of UTIs was found in boys.
{"title":"Microbiological profile and antibiotic resistance pattern of urinary tract isolates in febrile under-five children in North-Eastern Nigeria","authors":"H. Ahmed, O. T. Adedoyin, A. Ojuawo, A. B. Zamo","doi":"10.4314/sjmrp.v10i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/sjmrp.v10i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) remain a common cause of childhood morbidity, if poorly treated or undiagnosed, could result in long-term morbidities e.g. hypertension, failure to thrive and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). An appropriate antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is essential. \u0000Objective: The study determined the profile and antibiotic sensitivity patterns of bacterial strains isolated from febrile under-five children in Azare, North-Eastern Nigeria. \u0000Methods: 145 febrile under-five children seen in Federal Medical Centre Azare over six months(March to August 2008)were enrolled in a hospital-based prospective study. Urine obtained by midstream and suprapubic bladder aspiration was subjected to urinalysis, urine microscopy, culture and sensitivity. \u0000Results: Of the 145 subjects enrolled, 34(23.4%) had UTI;24(70%) males and 10(30%) females .Gram-negative organisms accounted for 67.6%, Gram-positive organisms 32.4% of isolates; Escherichia coli in 12 (35.3%) cultures; Staphylococcus aureus; 11 (32.4%); Klebsiella species; 8 (23.5%).The gram- negative enteric bacilli had a high prevalence of resistance against ampicillin, amoxicillin, nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin and co-trimoxazole. \u0000Conclusion: Escherichia coli was the most prevalent bacterial organisms isolated. Others were Klebsiella, Proteus and Pseudomonas species with Staphyloccocus aureus the only Gram-positive. The most effective agents were ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin. A higher prevalence of UTIs was found in boys.","PeriodicalId":347051,"journal":{"name":"Savannah Journal of Medical Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123756456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Dahilo, U. Itanyi, S. Yikawe, D. F. Folorunsho, T. Ibekwe
Background: Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is a common childhood illness that occurs due to obstruction of the nasopharynx by enlarged adenoids. Lateral nasopharyngeal X-ray is used for diagnosis and assessment of patency of the nasopharyngeal air column by assessing the Adenoid Nasopharyngeal Ratio (ANR). This study aims to assess the ANR of symptomatic patients with AH that presented to Ear, Nose and Throat/ Head and Neck Surgeon (ENT/HNS) Department of the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital (UATH). Methodology: This was a retrospective study conducted in the ENT/HNS Department of UATH, Gwagwalada from January 2019 to December 2021. The case notes and lateral nasopharyngeal xrays of 112 children aged between 3 months to 15 years, diagnosed with Adenoid Hypertrophy, were retrieved. Relevant information such as demographics, and Lateral Nasopharyngeal X-ray measurements were extracted. Results: A total number of 112 participants were enrolled into this study. Out of these, 77 (68.8%) were males and 35 (31.2%) were females. The mean age of participants was 3.86 0.27 years, and age range was 3 months to 15 years. Most participants were between 0 – 5 years. The mean ANR among participants was 0.69 0.02. The minimum ANR was 0.03, and the maximum ANR was 1.00 Majority of participants had ANR 0.69. None of the participants between 10 – 15 years had an ANR > 0.79. Regression analysis showed statistically significant correlation between ANR and Age (p = 0.05). Conclusion: We observed an Adenoidal Nasopharyngeal Ratio that was lower than the benchmark of ANR considered for AH, this may probably be due to our inability to control the timing for obtaining the radiographs from clinic visit and some may have commenced treatment
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