Pub Date : 2002-03-17DOI: 10.1109/OFC.2002.1036237
N. Viswanathan, J. Brennan
The dynamics of Bragg grating growth in UV-sensitized, hydrogen saturated silica fibers are explained using a transient kinetic model. Re-circulation of hydrogen, functioning as catalyst in the photosensitive reactions is believed to be responsible for the increase in the steady state value of the refractive index changes.
{"title":"Indication of re-circulating catalyst in photosensitive reactions with H/sub 2/-saturated silica fibers","authors":"N. Viswanathan, J. Brennan","doi":"10.1109/OFC.2002.1036237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFC.2002.1036237","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamics of Bragg grating growth in UV-sensitized, hydrogen saturated silica fibers are explained using a transient kinetic model. Re-circulation of hydrogen, functioning as catalyst in the photosensitive reactions is believed to be responsible for the increase in the steady state value of the refractive index changes.","PeriodicalId":347952,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibit","volume":"58 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133587588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-03-17DOI: 10.1109/OFC.2002.1036550
Y. Zhu, C. Fludger, W.S. Lee, P. Lobb, T. Schilhabel, A. Hadjifotiou
Summary form only given. A 400 km TW-RS fibre system with 16 channels of 40 Gbit/s CS-RZ ETDM signals has been used to experimentally compare the relative merits of all Raman and Raman/EDFA hybrid amplification. In the cases of counter-pumped 10 /spl times/ 40 km and 5 /spl times/ 80 km spans, all Raman distributed amplification has allowed best transmission performance, compared to Raman/EDFA hybrid amplification. All Raman transmission yielded up to 1.3 dB system Q improvement in the 40 and 80 km span length systems, compared to systems without Raman gain. The MPI impairment associated with the double Rayleigh scattering effect in all-Raman counter-pumped long span systems, was significantly reduced in an experimental demonstration over 1 /spl times/ 160 + 2 /spl times/ 120 km TW-RS fibre, by employing multi-span bidirectionally pumped all Raman amplification.
{"title":"Experimental comparison of all-Raman vs. Raman/EDFA hybrid amplification with 40 Gb/s-based ETDM/DWDM transmissions over 400 km TW-RS fibre","authors":"Y. Zhu, C. Fludger, W.S. Lee, P. Lobb, T. Schilhabel, A. Hadjifotiou","doi":"10.1109/OFC.2002.1036550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFC.2002.1036550","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. A 400 km TW-RS fibre system with 16 channels of 40 Gbit/s CS-RZ ETDM signals has been used to experimentally compare the relative merits of all Raman and Raman/EDFA hybrid amplification. In the cases of counter-pumped 10 /spl times/ 40 km and 5 /spl times/ 80 km spans, all Raman distributed amplification has allowed best transmission performance, compared to Raman/EDFA hybrid amplification. All Raman transmission yielded up to 1.3 dB system Q improvement in the 40 and 80 km span length systems, compared to systems without Raman gain. The MPI impairment associated with the double Rayleigh scattering effect in all-Raman counter-pumped long span systems, was significantly reduced in an experimental demonstration over 1 /spl times/ 160 + 2 /spl times/ 120 km TW-RS fibre, by employing multi-span bidirectionally pumped all Raman amplification.","PeriodicalId":347952,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibit","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133698658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-03-17DOI: 10.1109/OFC.2002.1036750
T. Monro, K. Kiang, J.H. Lee, K. Frampton, Z. Yusoff, R. Moore, J. Tucknott, D. Hewak, H. Rutt, D. Richardson
We report the fabrication of the first microstructured single-mode non-silica glass fiber from an extruded preform. The measured effective nonlinearity (/spl gamma/) is 550 W/sup -1/ km/sup -1/, more than 500 times larger than standard silica fiber.
{"title":"High nonlinearity extruded single-mode holey optical fibers","authors":"T. Monro, K. Kiang, J.H. Lee, K. Frampton, Z. Yusoff, R. Moore, J. Tucknott, D. Hewak, H. Rutt, D. Richardson","doi":"10.1109/OFC.2002.1036750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFC.2002.1036750","url":null,"abstract":"We report the fabrication of the first microstructured single-mode non-silica glass fiber from an extruded preform. The measured effective nonlinearity (/spl gamma/) is 550 W/sup -1/ km/sup -1/, more than 500 times larger than standard silica fiber.","PeriodicalId":347952,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibit","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128809798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-03-17DOI: 10.1109/OFC.2002.1036564
S. Tanabe, T. Tamaoka
Summary form only given. The gain characteristics of a Tm-doped fiber (TDF) were investigated with a 1051 nm-laser and a tunable L-band source to investigate the optimization of dual-wavelength pumping scheme. The gain profiles of the TDF showed different profiles with different pumping wavelength. The ground state absorption efficiency was higher in longer /spl lambda//sub Ap/ and the excited state absorption efficiency became higher in shorter /spl lambda//sub Ap/ and with higher P/sub AP/. The dual wavelength pumping conditions affect the degree of population inversion and thus the gain spectra. Further research is under way by using L-EDFA to obtain higher P/sub AP/ for further gain-shift.
{"title":"Gain characteristics of Tm-doped fiber amplifier by dual-wavelength pumping with tunable L-band source","authors":"S. Tanabe, T. Tamaoka","doi":"10.1109/OFC.2002.1036564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFC.2002.1036564","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. The gain characteristics of a Tm-doped fiber (TDF) were investigated with a 1051 nm-laser and a tunable L-band source to investigate the optimization of dual-wavelength pumping scheme. The gain profiles of the TDF showed different profiles with different pumping wavelength. The ground state absorption efficiency was higher in longer /spl lambda//sub Ap/ and the excited state absorption efficiency became higher in shorter /spl lambda//sub Ap/ and with higher P/sub AP/. The dual wavelength pumping conditions affect the degree of population inversion and thus the gain spectra. Further research is under way by using L-EDFA to obtain higher P/sub AP/ for further gain-shift.","PeriodicalId":347952,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibit","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128827331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-03-17DOI: 10.1109/OFC.2002.1036273
A. Boskovic, M. Sharma, N. Antoniades, M. Lee
As data and Internet traffic continue to drive the need for higher bandwidth and longer connection distances, network designs must enable low cost transparency. Our results show that B&S OADMs achieve this goal, because they offer significantly reduced insertion loss for express channels, built-in spectral equalization capability, lower first-installed cost and an easy upgrade path. In the future, the broadcast and select concept likely will be expanded beyond OADMs to optical cross-connects interconnecting more than two fiber pairs and into other application spaces such as regional or metropolitan area networks. More specifically, we have shown that B&S architectures compete with parallel OADM approaches in ULH applications and that they offer cost and optical performance benefits over more conventional parallel OADM architectures. In terms of optical performance, the B&S architecture offers lower through loss and higher loss per add/drop channel comparedcompared to conventional 'demux-switch-mux' architectures.
{"title":"Broadcast and select OADM nodes application and performance trade-offs","authors":"A. Boskovic, M. Sharma, N. Antoniades, M. Lee","doi":"10.1109/OFC.2002.1036273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFC.2002.1036273","url":null,"abstract":"As data and Internet traffic continue to drive the need for higher bandwidth and longer connection distances, network designs must enable low cost transparency. Our results show that B&S OADMs achieve this goal, because they offer significantly reduced insertion loss for express channels, built-in spectral equalization capability, lower first-installed cost and an easy upgrade path. In the future, the broadcast and select concept likely will be expanded beyond OADMs to optical cross-connects interconnecting more than two fiber pairs and into other application spaces such as regional or metropolitan area networks. More specifically, we have shown that B&S architectures compete with parallel OADM approaches in ULH applications and that they offer cost and optical performance benefits over more conventional parallel OADM architectures. In terms of optical performance, the B&S architecture offers lower through loss and higher loss per add/drop channel comparedcompared to conventional 'demux-switch-mux' architectures.","PeriodicalId":347952,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibit","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127656051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-03-17DOI: 10.1109/OFC.2002.1036203
C. Fludger, V. Handerek
We have discussed the design and noise performance issues for ultra-broadband Raman amplifiers. Superposition may be used to optimise pump wavelengths for flat gain spectra with bandwidths in excess of 100 nm, although numerical simulations are necessary to determine actual pump powers. Shorter wavelength signals suffer greater impairments than those at longer wavelengths due to increased ASE generation as signals approach pump wavelengths, and SRS interactions amongst the signals, and between the pumps.
{"title":"Ultra-wide bandwidth Raman amplifiers","authors":"C. Fludger, V. Handerek","doi":"10.1109/OFC.2002.1036203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFC.2002.1036203","url":null,"abstract":"We have discussed the design and noise performance issues for ultra-broadband Raman amplifiers. Superposition may be used to optimise pump wavelengths for flat gain spectra with bandwidths in excess of 100 nm, although numerical simulations are necessary to determine actual pump powers. Shorter wavelength signals suffer greater impairments than those at longer wavelengths due to increased ASE generation as signals approach pump wavelengths, and SRS interactions amongst the signals, and between the pumps.","PeriodicalId":347952,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibit","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131314708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-03-17DOI: 10.1109/OFC.2002.1036634
M. Bohn, W. Rosenkranz, G. Mohs
We presented an analytical solution for equalizing the impact of GDR by modeling the inverse system and demonstrated by simulations that optical FIR-filters can act as an excellent equalizer concerning GDR at 40 Gb/s. We compared concepts with inline and adaptive compensation. With fixed dispersion compensated fibre Bragg gratings (DCFBGs), the inline setup could only compensate for GDR. As the adaptive setup could equalize as well for GDR, residual dispersion and self phase modulation (SPM) at the same time, fixed DCFBGs in combination with adaptive optical FIR-filters result in better performance than tunable DCFBGs. This concept provides a group delay ripple and SPM mitigated tunable dispersion compensating module based on fixed DCFBGs and optical FIR-filters capable for high speed optical transmission systems.
{"title":"Multispan inline and adaptive group delay ripple equalization concepts @ 40 Gb/s with optical FIR-filters","authors":"M. Bohn, W. Rosenkranz, G. Mohs","doi":"10.1109/OFC.2002.1036634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFC.2002.1036634","url":null,"abstract":"We presented an analytical solution for equalizing the impact of GDR by modeling the inverse system and demonstrated by simulations that optical FIR-filters can act as an excellent equalizer concerning GDR at 40 Gb/s. We compared concepts with inline and adaptive compensation. With fixed dispersion compensated fibre Bragg gratings (DCFBGs), the inline setup could only compensate for GDR. As the adaptive setup could equalize as well for GDR, residual dispersion and self phase modulation (SPM) at the same time, fixed DCFBGs in combination with adaptive optical FIR-filters result in better performance than tunable DCFBGs. This concept provides a group delay ripple and SPM mitigated tunable dispersion compensating module based on fixed DCFBGs and optical FIR-filters capable for high speed optical transmission systems.","PeriodicalId":347952,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibit","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133715445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-03-17DOI: 10.1109/OFC.2002.1036704
Xi Wang, H. Morikawa, T. Aoyama
In this paper, the PWA algorithm and its performance evaluation results are presented. Simulation results show that the network performance is significantly improved compared with random wavelength assignment algorithm.
{"title":"Priority-based wavelength assignment algorithm for burst switched photonic networks","authors":"Xi Wang, H. Morikawa, T. Aoyama","doi":"10.1109/OFC.2002.1036704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFC.2002.1036704","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the PWA algorithm and its performance evaluation results are presented. Simulation results show that the network performance is significantly improved compared with random wavelength assignment algorithm.","PeriodicalId":347952,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibit","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115211855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-03-17DOI: 10.1109/OFC.2002.1036655
B. Kuhlow, G. Przyrembel
We have proposed and demonstrated a 3-band passive optical network arrayed waveguide gratings (PON-AWG) providing 2/spl times/8 WDM channels for down- (around 1534 nm) and upstreaming (around 1557 nm) signals from the central office to the users, and vice-versa. The downstream ports are overlayed by a distributed broadcast signal at 1500 nm. All the needed optical functions (DEMUX-, MUX, imaging) are implemented in one AWG structure designed to accommodate the three specific bands. First devices fabricated in silica-on-silicon technique show a center insertion loss of 2.5 dB and a crosstalk of <-30 dB for the signals of the downstreaming paths. The 1 to 8 distribution system at 1500 nm shows an excess loss of -5.5 dB and a uniformity of +/-1.3 dB.
{"title":"Silica based PON-AWG with 2/spl times/8 up- and downstream channels","authors":"B. Kuhlow, G. Przyrembel","doi":"10.1109/OFC.2002.1036655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFC.2002.1036655","url":null,"abstract":"We have proposed and demonstrated a 3-band passive optical network arrayed waveguide gratings (PON-AWG) providing 2/spl times/8 WDM channels for down- (around 1534 nm) and upstreaming (around 1557 nm) signals from the central office to the users, and vice-versa. The downstream ports are overlayed by a distributed broadcast signal at 1500 nm. All the needed optical functions (DEMUX-, MUX, imaging) are implemented in one AWG structure designed to accommodate the three specific bands. First devices fabricated in silica-on-silicon technique show a center insertion loss of 2.5 dB and a crosstalk of <-30 dB for the signals of the downstreaming paths. The 1 to 8 distribution system at 1500 nm shows an excess loss of -5.5 dB and a uniformity of +/-1.3 dB.","PeriodicalId":347952,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibit","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115231518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-03-17DOI: 10.1109/OFC.2002.1036352
Z. Pan, Jing Cao, Y. Bansal, V. Tsui, S. Fong, Yanda Zhang, J. Taylor, H.J. Lee, M. Jeon, V. Akella, S. Yoo, K. Okamoto, S. Kamei
We demonstrate an all-optical packet-based time-slot interchanger using tunable wavelength conversion, N/spl times/N AWGRs and fiber delay lines. Wavelength conversion is realized using tunable laser and SOA cross-gain modulation. This scheme is not only compatible to the optical-label switching, but also scalable, power-efficient and programmable. Future improvements can be expected by using a different wavelength conversion technology and tunable laser power equalization.
{"title":"All-optical programmable time-slot-interchanger using optical-label switching with tunable wavelength conversion and N by N arrayed waveguide grating routers","authors":"Z. Pan, Jing Cao, Y. Bansal, V. Tsui, S. Fong, Yanda Zhang, J. Taylor, H.J. Lee, M. Jeon, V. Akella, S. Yoo, K. Okamoto, S. Kamei","doi":"10.1109/OFC.2002.1036352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFC.2002.1036352","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate an all-optical packet-based time-slot interchanger using tunable wavelength conversion, N/spl times/N AWGRs and fiber delay lines. Wavelength conversion is realized using tunable laser and SOA cross-gain modulation. This scheme is not only compatible to the optical-label switching, but also scalable, power-efficient and programmable. Future improvements can be expected by using a different wavelength conversion technology and tunable laser power equalization.","PeriodicalId":347952,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibit","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115343366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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