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2016 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Green Building and Smart Grid (IGBSG)最新文献

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Development of a FPGA-based contactless pulse rate detection system 基于fpga的非接触式脉搏率检测系统的研制
Yu-Chen Lin, Guan-You Lin, Yuan-Hsiang Lin
Contactless physiological measurement is a new trend for long-term monitoring and future home care. Remote image photo-plethysmography (RIPPG) is one of data acquisition method for contactless measurement. Nowadays, the presented frameworks are mostly developed based on PC or smartphone. However, the large scale of image and signal operations can cause the performance issues for image capturing and computing on software based platforms. In this paper, we propose a contactless pulse rate detection system based on field-programmable gate array (FPGA) platform to evaluate user's pulse rate. With hardware support, it provides a steadier frame rate for instant operations regardless the computation scales. The system contains an image sensor, DE2-115 FPGA board, Bluetooth module and a smartphone. The pulse rate accuracy of the proposed system is 0.19±7.8 bpm after validating with a clinical used apparatus. In the future, the system can be integrated with sick beds for home caring and hospitalizing usages.
非接触式生理测量是长期监测和未来家庭护理的新趋势。远程图像光电容积脉搏波(RIPPG)是一种非接触式测量数据采集方法。目前,所提出的框架大多是基于PC或智能手机开发的。然而,在基于软件的平台上,大规模的图像和信号操作会导致图像捕获和计算的性能问题。本文提出了一种基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)平台的非接触式脉搏率检测系统来评估用户的脉搏率。在硬件支持下,无论计算规模如何,它都能为即时操作提供更稳定的帧率。该系统包含图像传感器、DE2-115 FPGA板、蓝牙模块和智能手机。经临床仪器验证,该系统的脉搏率精度为0.19±7.8 bpm。在未来,该系统可以与病床集成,用于家庭护理和住院使用。
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引用次数: 5
Message passing for distributed optimisation of power allocation with renewable resources 基于可再生资源的分布式优化电力分配的消息传递
Elizabeth Harrison, D. Saad, K. Y. Wong
The increase in renewable energy generators introduced into the electricity grid is putting pressure on its stability and management as predictions of renewable energy sources cannot be accurate or fully controlled. This, with the additional pressure of fluctuations in demand, presents a problem more complex than the current methods of controlling electricity distribution were designed for. A global approximate and distributed optimisation method for power allocation that accommodates uncertainties and volatility is suggested and analysed. It is based on a probabilistic method known as message passing [1], which has deep links to statistical physics methodology. This principled method of optimisation is based on local calculations and inherently accommodates uncertainties; it is of modest computational complexity and provides good approximate solutions. We consider uncertainty and fluctuations drawn from a Gaussian distribution and incorporate them into the message-passing algorithm. We see the effect that increasing uncertainty has on the transmission cost and how the placement of volatile nodes within a grid, such as renewable generators or consumers, effects it.
引入电网的可再生能源发电机的增加给电网的稳定性和管理带来了压力,因为对可再生能源的预测不能准确或完全控制。再加上需求波动带来的额外压力,这一问题比目前控制电力分配的方法所设计的更为复杂。提出并分析了一种适应不确定性和波动性的电力分配全局近似分布式优化方法。它基于一种被称为消息传递的概率方法[1],它与统计物理方法有很深的联系。这种原则性的优化方法基于局部计算,并固有地适应不确定性;它的计算复杂度适中,并提供了很好的近似解。我们考虑了高斯分布的不确定性和波动,并将它们纳入消息传递算法中。我们看到越来越多的不确定性对传输成本的影响,以及电网中不稳定节点(如可再生能源发电机或消费者)的放置如何影响传输成本。
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引用次数: 6
Control of Flying Capacitor Multilevel converter in fault state after grid disturbance 电网扰动后飞电容多电平变换器故障状态的控制
Z. Muller, J. Tlustý, V. Valouch
An effective HW reconfiguration of a FCM (Flying Capacitor Multilevel) converter and also of its control algorithm in case of a fault of one element in the converter phase is presented. A strategy starts from the theory of FCM converters with unequal distribution of voltages on converter capacitors. The use of additional switching elements and capacitors with higher rated voltage is a necessary condition for the presented approach. Because a number of redundant switching states in faulted phases is limited, joint-phase redundancies are recommended to be used to balance capacitor voltages. The case of a 4-level FCM converter is analyzed in detail as an example.
提出了一种有效的飞容多电平变换器的硬件重构方法,以及在变换器相位某一元件出现故障时的控制算法。从FCM变换器电容器电压分布不均匀的理论出发,提出了一种策略。使用附加的开关元件和具有更高额定电压的电容器是本方法的必要条件。由于故障相中冗余开关状态的数量有限,因此建议采用联相冗余来平衡电容器电压。以四电平FCM变换器为例进行了详细的分析。
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引用次数: 0
On specific problems related to communication over middle-voltage distribution lines 关于中压配电线路通信的具体问题
J. Hrad, J. Vodrazka
The paper is focused on specific topologies of middle-voltage (MV) power distribution lines with respect to their properties influencing the transmission of communication signals. The following parameters have been measured in the rural-area 22kV distribution network of CEZ Distribuce, a.s.: channel frequency response, interference and background noise. On this basis we have set up models and computed the estimated data throughputs for narrowband PLC (Power Line Communication) technology using OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex) modulation. Crucial experience for further implementation and operation of systems for communication support of Smart Grids has been obtained and presented.
本文主要研究了中压(MV)配电线路的特定拓扑结构及其影响通信信号传输的特性。对CEZ配电公司22kV农村配电网的信道频率响应、干扰和背景噪声进行了测量。在此基础上,建立了采用正交频分复用(OFDM)调制的窄带电力线通信(PLC)技术的模型并计算了估计的数据吞吐量。为智能电网通信支持系统的进一步实施和运行提供了重要的经验。
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引用次数: 5
Security and privacy of using AllJoyn IoT framework at home and beyond 在家庭内外使用AllJoyn物联网框架的安全性和隐私性
Ondrej Tomanek, L. Kencl
AllJoyn is one of the emerging standards for the upcoming revolution known as Internet of Things. Within a couple of years, many devices and appliances in every home are expected to be interconnected, and connected to the global network, using this standard defined by the AllSeen Alliance. In this work, we first review the current status and architecture of the AllJoyn open standard, with special focus on its security aspects. Then, we discuss the security and privacy of the imminent deployment of AllJoyn within homes, buildings and urban infrastructures across the globe, documenting the need for strong consideration of remedies to the listed vulnerabilities.
AllJoyn是即将到来的物联网革命的新兴标准之一。在几年内,每个家庭中的许多设备和电器预计将相互连接,并使用AllSeen联盟定义的这一标准连接到全球网络。在这项工作中,我们首先回顾AllJoyn开放标准的当前状态和体系结构,特别关注其安全方面。然后,我们讨论了AllJoyn在全球家庭、建筑物和城市基础设施中即将部署的安全性和隐私性,并记录了对所列出的漏洞进行补救的必要性。
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引用次数: 15
Dynamic and efficient brokering of energy suppliers and consumers in a smart grid 智能电网中能源供应商和消费者动态高效的中介
W. Dargie, O. Alfandi, M. Badra
One of the fundamental tasks of a smart-grid is achieving an optimal balance between the supplied and consumed energy in the grid. The optimal balance avoids underutilisation as well as overloading of energy sources; minimises the cost of energy transportation and storage; and reduces the price of energy. In this paper we propose a stochastic model for associating energy-suppliers with consumers having matching characteristics in a probabilistic sense. The optimal number of users a particular supplier can serve is described in terms of the probability density functions of its energy production and the demand of consumers. We shall demonstrate both analytically and numerically that an optimal balance can be achieved when the supplied energy, the demand for energy, and the number of users associated with a particular supplier, all, have a normally distributed probability distribution function (pdf).
智能电网的基本任务之一是实现电网供电量和耗电量的最佳平衡。最佳平衡避免了能源的利用不足和过载;最大限度地降低能源运输和储存的成本;降低了能源价格。在本文中,我们提出了一个在概率意义上将能源供应商与具有匹配特征的消费者联系起来的随机模型。用能源生产与消费者需求的概率密度函数描述了某一特定供应商所能服务的最优用户数量。我们将从分析和数值两方面证明,当供能、能源需求和与特定供应商相关的用户数量都具有正态分布的概率分布函数时,可以实现最佳平衡(pdf)。
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引用次数: 0
Cooperative dual camera surveillance system for real-time object searching and close-up viewing 用于实时目标搜索和近距离观察的协同双摄像头监控系统
Jeng-Sheng Yeh, Cheng-Chi Chang, Tsorng-Lin Chia, Shu-Yin Chiang, Ping-Sheng Huang
In this study, we design a dual cooperative camera system to maintain the both requirements of a visual surveillance system of tracking and close-up viewing functions in real time. In most of the object tracking or detecting systems, the details or close-up views of the objects are easily neglected for surveilling the environment to keep the camera in wide field view. Besides, some of the systems use the master-slave mode to keep one camera always in a close-up mode and the other camera in searching mode, and it may cause the dead end problem in surveillance or miss the target for not allowing the dynamic change of the roles of both cameras. Therefore, the cooperative dual camera system can not only extract the object correctly by analyzing the human body's shape but also predict the moving position and height of the human to have a close-up view. The dual pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) cameras are used in the system to have the adjustable zooming and focusing parameters. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can obtain clear close-up views for either a single target or multiple objects in real time.
在本研究中,我们设计了一种双协同摄像头系统,以实时保持视觉监控系统的跟踪和近距离观察功能。在大多数目标跟踪或检测系统中,为了监视环境以保持相机的广域视野,很容易忽略物体的细节或近距离视图。此外,有些系统采用主从模式,使一个摄像机始终处于近景模式,另一个摄像机始终处于搜索模式,由于不允许两个摄像机角色的动态变化,可能会造成监控的死角问题或失守目标。因此,协作双摄像头系统不仅可以通过分析人体的形状来正确提取物体,还可以预测人体的运动位置和高度,从而获得近距离的观察。该系统采用双平移-倾斜变焦(PTZ)相机,变焦参数可调。实验结果表明,该算法可以实时获得单个目标或多个目标的清晰近景。
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引用次数: 1
Electronic metering in Brazil: A qualitative analysis for its evolution 巴西的电子计量:其演变的定性分析
R. Oliveira, G. F. Flores, B. Biaz, V. Ferreira, N. C. Fernandes, M. Fortes
The deployment of smart metering in Brazil is still initial and various technological and social issues need to be discussed before the decision on how the vast meter park should be. The purpose of this study is to analyze smart meters on the perspective of each side interested in its adoption in the Brazilian electric sector. We analyze the comprehensive range of functions that a meter can have, highlighting remote communication, and power quality features according to the different scenarios of Brazillian distribution system. Finally, we suggest a smart metering model converging the existing demands and interests of the Brazilian electric sector.
在巴西,智能电表的部署仍处于初级阶段,在决定如何建设庞大的电表园区之前,需要讨论各种技术和社会问题。本研究的目的是分析智能电表的角度对其在巴西电力部门采用感兴趣的每一方。根据巴西配电系统的不同场景,分析了电表可以具有的综合功能范围,重点介绍了远程通信和电能质量特征。最后,我们提出了一种智能计量模型,融合了巴西电力部门的现有需求和利益。
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引用次数: 3
Fabrication of flexible electrochromic devices based on tungsten trioxide nanobundles 基于三氧化钨纳米束的柔性电致变色器件的制备
C. Chen, T. Tseng, C. Hung
Low-cost and facile approach to grow quasi-one-dimensional hexagonal tungsten trioxide nanobundles (Q1D hex-WO3 NBs) on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate via hydrothermal method combined with electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique is reported. Influence of the precursor concentration and hydrothermal reaction time on the morphology and size of as-synthesized WO3 nanostructures are investigated. Well-designed nanostructure exhibits remarkable enhancement in the electrochromic (EC) properties. In particular, a significant optical modulation (44% at 700 nm), fast color switching speed (bleaching: 22 s and coloration: 9 s), high coloration efficiency (89.8 cm2 C-1 at 700 nm), high Li+ diffusion coefficient (8.92 × 10-10 cm2 s-1), and excellent cycling stability (74% after 1000 cycles) are achieved for the Q1D hex-WO3 NBs film. Improved EC properties are mainly attributed from the Q1D hex-WO3 NBs. Li+ can transport quickly and easily diffused into the storage sites of the interface of the NBs. Furthermore, we also reported a large areal flexible EC device (70 mm × 70 mm) with a simple two-electrode configuration exhibiting outstanding mechanical flexibility and high optical contrast. The Q1D hex-WO3 NBs film acts as an excellent EC material.
采用水热法结合电泳沉积(EPD)技术,在氧化铟锡(ITO)涂层柔性聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)衬底上制备了准一维六方三氧化钨纳米束(Q1D hexx - wo3nbs)。研究了前驱体浓度和水热反应时间对合成的WO3纳米结构形貌和尺寸的影响。设计良好的纳米结构在电致变色(EC)性能上有显著的提高。特别地,Q1D六元wo3铌酸盐薄膜具有显著的光调制特性(在700 nm处为44%)、快速的颜色切换速度(漂白:22 s,显色:9 s)、高显色效率(700 nm处为89.8 cm2 C-1)、高Li+扩散系数(8.92 × 10-10 cm2 s-1)和优异的循环稳定性(1000次循环后为74%)。改进的EC性能主要归功于Q1D十六进制wo3 nb。Li+可以快速、容易地扩散到NBs界面的储存部位。此外,我们还报道了一种大面积柔性EC装置(70 mm × 70 mm),具有简单的双电极结构,具有出色的机械灵活性和高光学对比度。Q1D十六进制wo3nb薄膜是一种优良的EC材料。
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引用次数: 1
Cost implication and reactive power generating potential of the synchronous condenser 同步冷凝器的成本含义及无功发电潜力
Famous O. Igbinovia, G. Fandi, Z. Muller, J. Svec, J. Tlustý
The objective of this study is to examine the cost implication and reactive power generating potential of the synchronous condenser. Universally, increase in electricity demand constitutes new issues for power generation, transmission and distribution. Synchronous condenser solutions are being initiated globally to be instrumental in the best usage of power resources and offer grid systems support for todays and future sustainable, stable and reliable electrical grid network. This research x-rays the cost implication of the synchronous condenser in today's challenging environment. A vivid description of the reactive power generating potential of the synchronous condenser is shown with Matlab/Simulink environment simulation of a medium voltage (MV) power system network. It is observed that the synchronous condenser is cost-effective as compared to other reactive power generating equipment's and sources. Furthermore, Matlab/Simulink simulation results of the MV electric-power network shows an effective scheme for reactive power generation.
本研究的目的是探讨同步冷凝器的成本含义和无功发电潜力。在世界范围内,电力需求的增加对发电、输电和配电构成了新的问题。同步冷凝器解决方案正在全球范围内启动,以在电力资源的最佳利用方面发挥重要作用,并为当今和未来的可持续,稳定和可靠的电网网络提供电网系统支持。这项研究揭示了同步电容器在当今充满挑战的环境下的成本含义。通过Matlab/Simulink环境仿真,对中压(MV)电网的同步电容器无功发电电位进行了生动的描述。与其他无功发电设备和电源相比,同步冷凝器具有较高的成本效益。通过对中压电网的Matlab/Simulink仿真,给出了一种有效的无功发电方案。
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引用次数: 27
期刊
2016 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Green Building and Smart Grid (IGBSG)
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