Pub Date : 2016-08-11DOI: 10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539455
B. Lin, J. Dai, Y. Du
The resonant converters have been developed for medium-power applications due to the high circuit efficiency and high power density. However, the switching frequency is related to the voltage gain of resonant converter. Therefore, the resonant converter is usually limited at narrow input voltage applications. To overcome this limitation, the auxiliary winding and switch are adopted at the secondary side to provide a high voltage gain under low input voltage case or to extend the hold-up time when AC power is turned off. Thus, the switching frequency variation can be reduced for the wide input voltage case. The operation principle, circuit characteristics and design procedure of the proposed converter are presented in detail. Experiments are provided to verify the effectiveness and demonstrate the circuit performance.
{"title":"Analysis of a new resonant converter with auxiliary windings to extend input voltage range","authors":"B. Lin, J. Dai, Y. Du","doi":"10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539455","url":null,"abstract":"The resonant converters have been developed for medium-power applications due to the high circuit efficiency and high power density. However, the switching frequency is related to the voltage gain of resonant converter. Therefore, the resonant converter is usually limited at narrow input voltage applications. To overcome this limitation, the auxiliary winding and switch are adopted at the secondary side to provide a high voltage gain under low input voltage case or to extend the hold-up time when AC power is turned off. Thus, the switching frequency variation can be reduced for the wide input voltage case. The operation principle, circuit characteristics and design procedure of the proposed converter are presented in detail. Experiments are provided to verify the effectiveness and demonstrate the circuit performance.","PeriodicalId":348843,"journal":{"name":"2016 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Green Building and Smart Grid (IGBSG)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130093623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-08-11DOI: 10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539441
Ting-Sheng Chen, Ding-Yuan Lee, Tsung-Te Liu, A. Wu
Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM) provides superior table-lookup performance to the conventional search algorithms. However, as word length increases, large-sized TCAM suffers from high power consumption and throughput degradation. This paper presents filter-based dual voltage architecture for long-word TCAM. Without sacrificing throughput and noise immunity, the proposed filter-based dual voltage architecture can reduce lots of dynamic and static power consumption. Simulation results show that the proposed technique can achieve 87% of dynamic power and 63% static power reduction in 40nm CMOS technology when compared with traditional TCAM architectures. This proposed architecture is well suitable for applications that need long-word TCAM.
{"title":"Filter-based dual-voltage architecture for low-power long-word TCAM design","authors":"Ting-Sheng Chen, Ding-Yuan Lee, Tsung-Te Liu, A. Wu","doi":"10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539441","url":null,"abstract":"Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM) provides superior table-lookup performance to the conventional search algorithms. However, as word length increases, large-sized TCAM suffers from high power consumption and throughput degradation. This paper presents filter-based dual voltage architecture for long-word TCAM. Without sacrificing throughput and noise immunity, the proposed filter-based dual voltage architecture can reduce lots of dynamic and static power consumption. Simulation results show that the proposed technique can achieve 87% of dynamic power and 63% static power reduction in 40nm CMOS technology when compared with traditional TCAM architectures. This proposed architecture is well suitable for applications that need long-word TCAM.","PeriodicalId":348843,"journal":{"name":"2016 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Green Building and Smart Grid (IGBSG)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134445642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-08-11DOI: 10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539452
J. Ling, Ping-Hsun Liu
Installed capacity of solar photovoltaic and small size wind turbine at the residential microgrid gains promising growth in most developed countries. However, uncertain characteristic of intermittence and volatility is still one of significant factors to affect the effective operation, it should be well-conducted in the design of these distributed renewable resources. After considering household requirement of reliability and energy utilization, implicit behavior of the meteorological uncertainty has been managed by stochastic time series weather data to satisfy the objectives in planning of hybrid renewable generation system installed at residential customers. Some load management strategies are conducted to improve the energy utilization of green building with renewable power in the planning stage. The proposed simulation framework realizes the optimal installed capacity of residential renewable generation with storage device to achieve more effective energy utilization in future green building.
{"title":"Planning of household renewable generation for improved energy utilization in microgrids","authors":"J. Ling, Ping-Hsun Liu","doi":"10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539452","url":null,"abstract":"Installed capacity of solar photovoltaic and small size wind turbine at the residential microgrid gains promising growth in most developed countries. However, uncertain characteristic of intermittence and volatility is still one of significant factors to affect the effective operation, it should be well-conducted in the design of these distributed renewable resources. After considering household requirement of reliability and energy utilization, implicit behavior of the meteorological uncertainty has been managed by stochastic time series weather data to satisfy the objectives in planning of hybrid renewable generation system installed at residential customers. Some load management strategies are conducted to improve the energy utilization of green building with renewable power in the planning stage. The proposed simulation framework realizes the optimal installed capacity of residential renewable generation with storage device to achieve more effective energy utilization in future green building.","PeriodicalId":348843,"journal":{"name":"2016 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Green Building and Smart Grid (IGBSG)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126937482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-27DOI: 10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539424
Raphael Bointner, A. Toleikyte, L. Kranzl
Sustainability of the European society and economy will be based on renewable energy and resource efficiency. This implies among others the large scale deployment of nearly Zero-Energy Buildings. The technology is already available and proven; however the large scale uptake of nearly zero-energy building construction and renovation is a big challenge for all market actors. A substantial gap in reliable data on current market activities makes it difficult for policy-makers to evaluate the success of their policies as the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive requires the EU-Member States to define nearly zero-energy building standards for new buildings and energy efficiency requirements for building renovation. Thus, the subject of this paper is to show the implications of a current policy scenario until 2050 in terms of the quality of the building stock, the related final energy demand and finally the associated investments and costs in four selected countries, namely Italy, Norway, Romania and Spain. As the results show there is a high potential for energy savings by 2050, which is partly lost due to the lack of strong building standards as assumed in the current policy scenario.
{"title":"Cross-country analysis of the implementation of nearly zero-energy building standards across Europe","authors":"Raphael Bointner, A. Toleikyte, L. Kranzl","doi":"10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539424","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainability of the European society and economy will be based on renewable energy and resource efficiency. This implies among others the large scale deployment of nearly Zero-Energy Buildings. The technology is already available and proven; however the large scale uptake of nearly zero-energy building construction and renovation is a big challenge for all market actors. A substantial gap in reliable data on current market activities makes it difficult for policy-makers to evaluate the success of their policies as the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive requires the EU-Member States to define nearly zero-energy building standards for new buildings and energy efficiency requirements for building renovation. Thus, the subject of this paper is to show the implications of a current policy scenario until 2050 in terms of the quality of the building stock, the related final energy demand and finally the associated investments and costs in four selected countries, namely Italy, Norway, Romania and Spain. As the results show there is a high potential for energy savings by 2050, which is partly lost due to the lack of strong building standards as assumed in the current policy scenario.","PeriodicalId":348843,"journal":{"name":"2016 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Green Building and Smart Grid (IGBSG)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126797303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-27DOI: 10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539417
N. Mohamed, S. Lazarova-Molnar, J. Al-Jaroodi
Huge amounts of data can be collected from smart buildings for accurate diagnostics. However, analyzing, storing and processing this data require huge resources as well as advanced software that implements innovative algorithms for accurate smart building diagnostics. This can be very costly for smart buildings owners. Cloud computing can provide a scalable and cost-effective platform to satisfy these needs. Cloud computing is an emerging commercial IT infrastructure model that offers to eliminate the need for clients to maintain in-house high-cost hardware, software, and network infrastructures. It also reduces or even eliminates the high-cost of recruiting technical professionals to support these infrastructures and operate the in-house IT solutions. This paper proposes a new cloud service that provides some mechanisms for smart building diagnostics that clients, smart building owners and managers, can use. This service is called Smart Building Diagnostics as a Service (SBDaaS). The paper presents an architecture developed for this service. In addition, it discusses the opportunities of utilizing such a service.
{"title":"SBDaaS: Smart building diagnostics as a service on the cloud","authors":"N. Mohamed, S. Lazarova-Molnar, J. Al-Jaroodi","doi":"10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539417","url":null,"abstract":"Huge amounts of data can be collected from smart buildings for accurate diagnostics. However, analyzing, storing and processing this data require huge resources as well as advanced software that implements innovative algorithms for accurate smart building diagnostics. This can be very costly for smart buildings owners. Cloud computing can provide a scalable and cost-effective platform to satisfy these needs. Cloud computing is an emerging commercial IT infrastructure model that offers to eliminate the need for clients to maintain in-house high-cost hardware, software, and network infrastructures. It also reduces or even eliminates the high-cost of recruiting technical professionals to support these infrastructures and operate the in-house IT solutions. This paper proposes a new cloud service that provides some mechanisms for smart building diagnostics that clients, smart building owners and managers, can use. This service is called Smart Building Diagnostics as a Service (SBDaaS). The paper presents an architecture developed for this service. In addition, it discusses the opportunities of utilizing such a service.","PeriodicalId":348843,"journal":{"name":"2016 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Green Building and Smart Grid (IGBSG)","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132471677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-27DOI: 10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539439
L. Chiou, Weihan Lin, Chi-Ray Huang, Sheng-Kai Lo
This paper proposes a method to take advantage of the configurable capacitor array to cope with the input voltage instability caused by changes in ambient energy input variation. The proposed energy harvesting circuit can extend its input voltage to a much wider range in theory. Moreover, with our proposed adaptive conversion ratio technique, the input voltage range is not limited by the boundary of set-up or step-down conversion when implemented only one style, but not both. According to the measurement results, this design achieves about 70% in overall end-to-peak efficiency while start-up voltage is around 750mV. With adaptive conversion ratio control, the proposed circuit can maintain its conversion efficiency over 40% for the input voltage range from 300mV to 1.2V.
{"title":"Design of A 0.3V–1.2V wide input range solar energy harvesting circuit with high converting power efficiency","authors":"L. Chiou, Weihan Lin, Chi-Ray Huang, Sheng-Kai Lo","doi":"10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539439","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a method to take advantage of the configurable capacitor array to cope with the input voltage instability caused by changes in ambient energy input variation. The proposed energy harvesting circuit can extend its input voltage to a much wider range in theory. Moreover, with our proposed adaptive conversion ratio technique, the input voltage range is not limited by the boundary of set-up or step-down conversion when implemented only one style, but not both. According to the measurement results, this design achieves about 70% in overall end-to-peak efficiency while start-up voltage is around 750mV. With adaptive conversion ratio control, the proposed circuit can maintain its conversion efficiency over 40% for the input voltage range from 300mV to 1.2V.","PeriodicalId":348843,"journal":{"name":"2016 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Green Building and Smart Grid (IGBSG)","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131131536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-27DOI: 10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539419
T. Tsai, Chih-Hao Chang, Shih-Wei Chen
With the surveillance camera become more and more popular, people need to observe a large number of monitor at one time. In this paper, we propose a vision based indoor positioning for intelligent buildings to solve this problem. We capture a frame and make the Gaussian mixture learning for video background model. Then we do the background subtraction and get the foreground object. After we have the foreground object, we track objects and use the direct linear transform to integrate camera information to a bird's-eye map. finally all the moving objects are traced and displayed on the bird's-eye view.
{"title":"Vision based indoor positioning for intelligent buildings","authors":"T. Tsai, Chih-Hao Chang, Shih-Wei Chen","doi":"10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539419","url":null,"abstract":"With the surveillance camera become more and more popular, people need to observe a large number of monitor at one time. In this paper, we propose a vision based indoor positioning for intelligent buildings to solve this problem. We capture a frame and make the Gaussian mixture learning for video background model. Then we do the background subtraction and get the foreground object. After we have the foreground object, we track objects and use the direct linear transform to integrate camera information to a bird's-eye map. finally all the moving objects are traced and displayed on the bird's-eye view.","PeriodicalId":348843,"journal":{"name":"2016 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Green Building and Smart Grid (IGBSG)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129842019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-27DOI: 10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539449
Shunsuke Kawano, S. Yoshizawa, Y. Hayashi
This paper presents a method for enumerating the feasible load drop compensator (LDC) parameters of on-load tap changer (OLTC) and step voltage regulators (SVRs) in distribution networks utilizing data acquired by SCADA. Deriving the feasible combinations of LDC parameters is becoming important because voltage control is becoming difficult due to the introduction of photovoltaic generation systems, and the voltage control effectiveness of OLTC and SVRs depends on their three LDC parameters: the target voltage, the dead-band, and the impedance. However, an exhaustive search takes a lot of time and heuristics or metaheuristics provide no guarantee on the quality of the solution. The proposed method derives all the feasible LDC parameters, with which tap operation keeping voltage within the proper range is performed, within practical time. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, the numerical simulation results of the proposed method will be compared with those of the metaheuristics.
{"title":"Method for enumerating feasible LDC parameters for OLTC and SVR in distribution networks","authors":"Shunsuke Kawano, S. Yoshizawa, Y. Hayashi","doi":"10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539449","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a method for enumerating the feasible load drop compensator (LDC) parameters of on-load tap changer (OLTC) and step voltage regulators (SVRs) in distribution networks utilizing data acquired by SCADA. Deriving the feasible combinations of LDC parameters is becoming important because voltage control is becoming difficult due to the introduction of photovoltaic generation systems, and the voltage control effectiveness of OLTC and SVRs depends on their three LDC parameters: the target voltage, the dead-band, and the impedance. However, an exhaustive search takes a lot of time and heuristics or metaheuristics provide no guarantee on the quality of the solution. The proposed method derives all the feasible LDC parameters, with which tap operation keeping voltage within the proper range is performed, within practical time. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, the numerical simulation results of the proposed method will be compared with those of the metaheuristics.","PeriodicalId":348843,"journal":{"name":"2016 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Green Building and Smart Grid (IGBSG)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116759294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-27DOI: 10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539423
A. Toleikyte, Raphael Bointner
The European shopping centre building stock can provide a high energy saving potential while implementing energy efficient design measures. Today's shopping centre gross leasable area is 112.1 million m2, which makes up approximately 6.7% of the total wholesale and retail building floor area in the EU-28 and Norway in 2013. This building stock is expected to growth especially in the emerging markets. Thus, we analyse the energy saving potential in shopping centres in two selected countries by implementing energy efficiency measures. Based on shopping centre market data and key energy figures, scenarios of the energy consumption are being calculated until 2030.
{"title":"Energy efficient design in shopping centres — A pathway towards lower energy consumption energy demand scenario modelling until 2030 for the shopping centre building stock in France and Poland","authors":"A. Toleikyte, Raphael Bointner","doi":"10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539423","url":null,"abstract":"The European shopping centre building stock can provide a high energy saving potential while implementing energy efficient design measures. Today's shopping centre gross leasable area is 112.1 million m2, which makes up approximately 6.7% of the total wholesale and retail building floor area in the EU-28 and Norway in 2013. This building stock is expected to growth especially in the emerging markets. Thus, we analyse the energy saving potential in shopping centres in two selected countries by implementing energy efficiency measures. Based on shopping centre market data and key energy figures, scenarios of the energy consumption are being calculated until 2030.","PeriodicalId":348843,"journal":{"name":"2016 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Green Building and Smart Grid (IGBSG)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115381617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We propose a converged access network for servicing various applications in smart buildings and cities. The network convergence aims to share equipment and energy by transmitting bidirectional smart grid data over the fault monitoring channel in the passive optical network systems. The proposed scheme can successfully transfer 100 Mb/s smart meter data over the fault-monitoring channel. It can provide both energy-efficient real-time and non-real-time smart services and enhance channel fault monitoring simultaneously. Energy savings of up to 80% can be achieved for each ONU. The scheme successfully supported > 105 devices for smart meters data for each ONU.
{"title":"Converging optical access with energy management networks to provide bidirectional services","authors":"Walaa Younes Al-Smadi, San-Liang Lee, Puspa Devi Pukhrambam, Kuo-Chang Feng","doi":"10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539429","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a converged access network for servicing various applications in smart buildings and cities. The network convergence aims to share equipment and energy by transmitting bidirectional smart grid data over the fault monitoring channel in the passive optical network systems. The proposed scheme can successfully transfer 100 Mb/s smart meter data over the fault-monitoring channel. It can provide both energy-efficient real-time and non-real-time smart services and enhance channel fault monitoring simultaneously. Energy savings of up to 80% can be achieved for each ONU. The scheme successfully supported > 105 devices for smart meters data for each ONU.","PeriodicalId":348843,"journal":{"name":"2016 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Green Building and Smart Grid (IGBSG)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129962401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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