The widespread of smart objects in our daily lives request the creation and analysis of new service discovery mechanisms and interaction techniques. In this work, we designed and evaluated a pointing-based interaction mechanism based on a Convolutional Neural Network classification method. We called it ViSCo (View, Scan, and Control it), which extends the openHAB service discovery mechanism of smart objets. ViSCo aggregates the users' field of view, captured by the camera of their smartphones, to reduce the service discovery results. 17 users evaluated the final solution remotely, in an environment with virtual devices. Participants used the ViSCo approach to find and control virtual devices by pointing to real objects in their homes (e.g., their TVs). System Usability Scale (SUS) survey about ViSCo results showed a good level of acceptance, with an average score of 83.97.
智能对象在我们日常生活中的广泛应用要求创建和分析新的服务发现机制和交互技术。在这项工作中，我们设计并评估了一个基于卷积神经网络分类方法的基于点的交互机制。我们称之为ViSCo (View, Scan, and Control it)，它扩展了智能对象的openHAB服务发现机制。ViSCo将智能手机摄像头捕捉到的用户视野进行汇总，以减少服务发现结果。17名用户在虚拟设备环境中远程评估了最终解决方案。参与者使用ViSCo方法，通过指向家中的真实物体(例如，电视)来查找和控制虚拟设备。系统可用性量表(System Usability Scale, SUS)对ViSCo结果的调查显示了良好的接受程度，平均得分为83.97。
{"title":"Point and Control it!: Using Computer Vision for Service Discovery to Control Smart Objects","authors":"Paulo Filipe Dantas, J. G. R. Maia, Windson Viana","doi":"10.1145/3470482.3479629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470482.3479629","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread of smart objects in our daily lives request the creation and analysis of new service discovery mechanisms and interaction techniques. In this work, we designed and evaluated a pointing-based interaction mechanism based on a Convolutional Neural Network classification method. We called it ViSCo (View, Scan, and Control it), which extends the openHAB service discovery mechanism of smart objets. ViSCo aggregates the users' field of view, captured by the camera of their smartphones, to reduce the service discovery results. 17 users evaluated the final solution remotely, in an environment with virtual devices. Participants used the ViSCo approach to find and control virtual devices by pointing to real objects in their homes (e.g., their TVs). System Usability Scale (SUS) survey about ViSCo results showed a good level of acceptance, with an average score of 83.97.","PeriodicalId":350776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115021218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
WhatsApp created anew channel for smartphone users to consume and share news. The easiness to create groups of people that partake similar interests and share content has made WhatsApp prone to abuse by misinformation campaigns. Although fact-checking is very effective for detecting misinformation, it cannot keep up with the sheer volume of information that is now generated online. In this context, we investigate the potential of automatic approaches based on supervised machine learning as a support tool to help fact-checkers identify misinformation shared through images on WhatsApp. Our results show that the predictive performance of the investigated approaches has a useful degree of discriminative power to detect misinformation. Finally, we discussed how WhatsApp misinformation detection approaches can be used in practice, highlighting challenges and opportunities.
{"title":"Supervised Learning for Misinformation Detection in WhatsApp","authors":"Julio C. S. Reis, Fabrício Benevenuto","doi":"10.1145/3470482.3479641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470482.3479641","url":null,"abstract":"WhatsApp created anew channel for smartphone users to consume and share news. The easiness to create groups of people that partake similar interests and share content has made WhatsApp prone to abuse by misinformation campaigns. Although fact-checking is very effective for detecting misinformation, it cannot keep up with the sheer volume of information that is now generated online. In this context, we investigate the potential of automatic approaches based on supervised machine learning as a support tool to help fact-checkers identify misinformation shared through images on WhatsApp. Our results show that the predictive performance of the investigated approaches has a useful degree of discriminative power to detect misinformation. Finally, we discussed how WhatsApp misinformation detection approaches can be used in practice, highlighting challenges and opportunities.","PeriodicalId":350776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115855810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raissa P. P. M. Souza, Gabriel T. P. Coimbra, Leonardo J. A. S. Figueiredo, Fabrício A. Silva, T. R. Silva
The number of people with access to mobile devices, as well as applications to these devices (i.e., apps), has been increasing significantly. Thus, users have to choose among a high number of apps, those that better serve them. However, this is not a trivial task, as we have seen an increasing number of apps proposing to do the same functions. In the same way, companies are facing difficulties to attract users through a usual marketing campaign. A possible solution to this problem is the adoption of recommendation systems, where it is possible to compare the similarities of user profiles. Meanwhile, these systems often consider only users' preferences to create a profile, or request sensitive data (e.g., call and message logs). However, the installation of an app may involve other factors like the capacity of the mobile device (e.g., memory and processing power) and the demographic information of the user's living area. This work investigates the impact of using demographic and handset information on app recommendation. To do that, we use this information to enrich a user profile that has only easy-to-obtain data (i.e., installed apps, approximate location, and handset model). Besides, our proposal was evaluated on three different recommending approaches: Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), Markov Transition Matrix (MTM), and Collaborative Filtering. The general results reveal that the LDA approach achieved the highest efficacy when added information about the user's region mean wage, in terms of precision (approximately 64%) and recall (approximately 28%).
{"title":"Mobile Application Recommendation based on Demographic and Device Information","authors":"Raissa P. P. M. Souza, Gabriel T. P. Coimbra, Leonardo J. A. S. Figueiredo, Fabrício A. Silva, T. R. Silva","doi":"10.1145/3470482.3479623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470482.3479623","url":null,"abstract":"The number of people with access to mobile devices, as well as applications to these devices (i.e., apps), has been increasing significantly. Thus, users have to choose among a high number of apps, those that better serve them. However, this is not a trivial task, as we have seen an increasing number of apps proposing to do the same functions. In the same way, companies are facing difficulties to attract users through a usual marketing campaign. A possible solution to this problem is the adoption of recommendation systems, where it is possible to compare the similarities of user profiles. Meanwhile, these systems often consider only users' preferences to create a profile, or request sensitive data (e.g., call and message logs). However, the installation of an app may involve other factors like the capacity of the mobile device (e.g., memory and processing power) and the demographic information of the user's living area. This work investigates the impact of using demographic and handset information on app recommendation. To do that, we use this information to enrich a user profile that has only easy-to-obtain data (i.e., installed apps, approximate location, and handset model). Besides, our proposal was evaluated on three different recommending approaches: Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), Markov Transition Matrix (MTM), and Collaborative Filtering. The general results reveal that the LDA approach achieved the highest efficacy when added information about the user's region mean wage, in terms of precision (approximately 64%) and recall (approximately 28%).","PeriodicalId":350776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116603150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cleber S. Peter, Thayná Oliveira, Eduardo M. Monks, Fernanda P. Motta, J. Barbosa, A. Yamin
The IoT's widely distributed nature has promoted demands for Over-The-Air (OTA) upgrading of embedded systems. This paper presents the conception of a new approach, called iOTA, which meets the security requirements of the SUIT specification of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). The partial evaluation of the proposal points to the continuation of the research and showed that iOTA stands out in terms of security in relation to the other approaches proposed by the literature, offering protection against attacks to which a remote update of an embedded system is usually exposed.
{"title":"iOTA: An Approach to Secure Over-The-Air Updates on the Internet of Things Scenario","authors":"Cleber S. Peter, Thayná Oliveira, Eduardo M. Monks, Fernanda P. Motta, J. Barbosa, A. Yamin","doi":"10.1145/3470482.3479630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470482.3479630","url":null,"abstract":"The IoT's widely distributed nature has promoted demands for Over-The-Air (OTA) upgrading of embedded systems. This paper presents the conception of a new approach, called iOTA, which meets the security requirements of the SUIT specification of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). The partial evaluation of the proposal points to the continuation of the research and showed that iOTA stands out in terms of security in relation to the other approaches proposed by the literature, offering protection against attacks to which a remote update of an embedded system is usually exposed.","PeriodicalId":350776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134631410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guilherme Augusto da Silva Ferreira, Alan Keller Gomes
This work presents a systematic process for computing Bourdieusian Social Capital (BSC) within institutional Twitter profiles. Based on the observation of sociability practices (social interactions) with the support of Pierre Bourdieu's Theory, we capture data related to these practices, crystallized through performing actions such as Tweet, Comment, Retweet and Like. Next, social interactions are extracted from the captured data as sequences of actions and they are used to compute the effective mobilization capacity of each profile. Finally, the BSC volume is measured by using the effective mobilization capacity, the number of social interactions and the number of followers. The results obtained are aligned with the Bourdieu theory and the systematic process allows to compute the continuous sociability effort of each profile to maintain and expand its BSC. Moreover, the results show that polarities positive and neutral impacts in the composition of the BSC volume.
{"title":"A Systematic Process for Computing Bourdieusian Social Capital within Institutional Profiles on Twitter","authors":"Guilherme Augusto da Silva Ferreira, Alan Keller Gomes","doi":"10.1145/3470482.3479437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470482.3479437","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a systematic process for computing Bourdieusian Social Capital (BSC) within institutional Twitter profiles. Based on the observation of sociability practices (social interactions) with the support of Pierre Bourdieu's Theory, we capture data related to these practices, crystallized through performing actions such as Tweet, Comment, Retweet and Like. Next, social interactions are extracted from the captured data as sequences of actions and they are used to compute the effective mobilization capacity of each profile. Finally, the BSC volume is measured by using the effective mobilization capacity, the number of social interactions and the number of followers. The results obtained are aligned with the Bourdieu theory and the systematic process allows to compute the continuous sociability effort of each profile to maintain and expand its BSC. Moreover, the results show that polarities positive and neutral impacts in the composition of the BSC volume.","PeriodicalId":350776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132022537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. D. Silva, Márcio Sabino, Eliandro da Silva, Luciano Gallegos
Every year, approximately 1,25 million people die in automobilistic accidents worldwide, where 23% are motorcyclists. Amongst the countries that have large motorcycle market, Brazil stands out between the largest ones comprising 22 million motorcycles and 30 million motorcyclists, where these machines are often used in remote or limited access locations such as on fields, dirt roads or isolated streets. In an motorcycle accident, it is common that the motorcyclist loose his consciousness and thus be unable to request help within the so-called 60 minutes "Golden Hour" limit. Considering the evolution and cheapeness of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, applications aimed at saving lives become more and more common, making it easier to connect equipments in a data communication network. In this article, we describe a intelligent helmet equipped with embedded IoT technologies for geolocating and communicating with computer devices such as personal computers and mobile phone about accidented motorcyclists within 60 minutes in real-time. Simulations and tests shown promising results in real experiments where technologies such as sensors, microprocessor and the communication devices embedded in the IoT helmet's enable data colection and processing about the motorcyclist's situation, as well as wireless data transmisson and notification about his current status.
{"title":"IoT Helmet: an intelligent helmet for locating accidented bikers","authors":"K. D. Silva, Márcio Sabino, Eliandro da Silva, Luciano Gallegos","doi":"10.1145/3470482.3479460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470482.3479460","url":null,"abstract":"Every year, approximately 1,25 million people die in automobilistic accidents worldwide, where 23% are motorcyclists. Amongst the countries that have large motorcycle market, Brazil stands out between the largest ones comprising 22 million motorcycles and 30 million motorcyclists, where these machines are often used in remote or limited access locations such as on fields, dirt roads or isolated streets. In an motorcycle accident, it is common that the motorcyclist loose his consciousness and thus be unable to request help within the so-called 60 minutes \"Golden Hour\" limit. Considering the evolution and cheapeness of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, applications aimed at saving lives become more and more common, making it easier to connect equipments in a data communication network. In this article, we describe a intelligent helmet equipped with embedded IoT technologies for geolocating and communicating with computer devices such as personal computers and mobile phone about accidented motorcyclists within 60 minutes in real-time. Simulations and tests shown promising results in real experiments where technologies such as sensors, microprocessor and the communication devices embedded in the IoT helmet's enable data colection and processing about the motorcyclist's situation, as well as wireless data transmisson and notification about his current status.","PeriodicalId":350776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132410671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multisensory books and audiobooks provide users with greater immersion by stimulating multiple human senses simultaneously during the reading process. A multisensory story contains annotations of effects synchronizing each sensorial stimulus to traditional media, and the manual authoring of these annotations is a costly and time-consuming task. While there are authoring tools to synchronize multisensory effects with videos, there are no authoring tools available for multisensory audiobooks, to the best of our knowledge. This article proposes an authoring tool for multisensory audiobooks called MAAT. It presents the evaluation of MAAT's QoE aspects and compatibility assessments on the file generated by the MAAT tool and on the synchronization of multisensory effects.
{"title":"MAAT: Multisensorial Audiobooks Authoring Tool","authors":"H. Okuno, Flavio Carvalho, G. Guedes","doi":"10.1145/3470482.3479446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470482.3479446","url":null,"abstract":"Multisensory books and audiobooks provide users with greater immersion by stimulating multiple human senses simultaneously during the reading process. A multisensory story contains annotations of effects synchronizing each sensorial stimulus to traditional media, and the manual authoring of these annotations is a costly and time-consuming task. While there are authoring tools to synchronize multisensory effects with videos, there are no authoring tools available for multisensory audiobooks, to the best of our knowledge. This article proposes an authoring tool for multisensory audiobooks called MAAT. It presents the evaluation of MAAT's QoE aspects and compatibility assessments on the file generated by the MAAT tool and on the synchronization of multisensory effects.","PeriodicalId":350776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123886091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gisela Miranda Difini, M. G. Martins, Jorge L. V. Barbosa
Human pose estimation is an important field of Computer Vision that aims to predict poses of individuals from videos and images. It has been used in many different areas including human-computer interaction, motion analysis, surveillance, action prediction, action correction, augmented reality, virtual reality, and healthcare. This review is focused on the most significant contributions in human pose estimation for training assistance. Executing movements correctly is crucial in all kinds of physical activities, both to increase performance and reduce risk of injury. Human pose estimation is poised to help athletes better analyse the quality of their movements. The systematic review study was conducted in five databases including articles from January 2011 to March 2021. The initial search resulted in 129 articles, of which 8 were selected after applying the filtering criteria. Moreover this study presents the challenges related to pose estimation, which pose estimation methods have been used in recent years, in which specific activities the selected articles have focused on, and a taxonomy of human pose estimation methods.
{"title":"Human Pose Estimation for Training Assistance: a Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Gisela Miranda Difini, M. G. Martins, Jorge L. V. Barbosa","doi":"10.1145/3470482.3479633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470482.3479633","url":null,"abstract":"Human pose estimation is an important field of Computer Vision that aims to predict poses of individuals from videos and images. It has been used in many different areas including human-computer interaction, motion analysis, surveillance, action prediction, action correction, augmented reality, virtual reality, and healthcare. This review is focused on the most significant contributions in human pose estimation for training assistance. Executing movements correctly is crucial in all kinds of physical activities, both to increase performance and reduce risk of injury. Human pose estimation is poised to help athletes better analyse the quality of their movements. The systematic review study was conducted in five databases including articles from January 2011 to March 2021. The initial search resulted in 129 articles, of which 8 were selected after applying the filtering criteria. Moreover this study presents the challenges related to pose estimation, which pose estimation methods have been used in recent years, in which specific activities the selected articles have focused on, and a taxonomy of human pose estimation methods.","PeriodicalId":350776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122535494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matheus Lima, Guido Lemos de Souza Filho, R. Kulesza
Sign languages (LS) are the natural form of communication between deaf people. However, although sign languages are recognized in many countries as a language, access to information and education is still a common problem for deaf people. In Brazil, despite the existence of several accessibility laws that determine support for deaf people, many are still dependent on Libras interpreters to communicate, which impairs their autonomy. As a result, there is a great difficulty for the deaf to exercise their citizenship and have access to quality information and education through sign languages, which generally implies linguistic delay and knowledge acquisition. In this sense, the present work addresses a proposal for an accessible interface of tele-education for the hearing impaired in order to facilitate access to information, making it possible to bring the figure of the remote interpreter to the classroom. This solution involves adapting the interface of the open source system, making it possible for the remote interpreter to be present to meet the needs of deaf students and make the classroom experience more accessible. In addition, a solution for displaying live subtitles was also implemented. The results obtained in this study proved to be promising, with 50% of users successfully completing more than 93.33% of the requested tasks. In addition, the group with the proposed solution was less dispersed when compared to the other group, concentrating most of its results above 80%, in a way that leads to believe that this type of adaptation can be welcomed by deaf users in the context of tele-education.
{"title":"A Proposal for an Accessible Videoconferencing Interface for People with Hearing Impairments","authors":"Matheus Lima, Guido Lemos de Souza Filho, R. Kulesza","doi":"10.1145/3470482.3479614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470482.3479614","url":null,"abstract":"Sign languages (LS) are the natural form of communication between deaf people. However, although sign languages are recognized in many countries as a language, access to information and education is still a common problem for deaf people. In Brazil, despite the existence of several accessibility laws that determine support for deaf people, many are still dependent on Libras interpreters to communicate, which impairs their autonomy. As a result, there is a great difficulty for the deaf to exercise their citizenship and have access to quality information and education through sign languages, which generally implies linguistic delay and knowledge acquisition. In this sense, the present work addresses a proposal for an accessible interface of tele-education for the hearing impaired in order to facilitate access to information, making it possible to bring the figure of the remote interpreter to the classroom. This solution involves adapting the interface of the open source system, making it possible for the remote interpreter to be present to meet the needs of deaf students and make the classroom experience more accessible. In addition, a solution for displaying live subtitles was also implemented. The results obtained in this study proved to be promising, with 50% of users successfully completing more than 93.33% of the requested tasks. In addition, the group with the proposed solution was less dispersed when compared to the other group, concentrating most of its results above 80%, in a way that leads to believe that this type of adaptation can be welcomed by deaf users in the context of tele-education.","PeriodicalId":350776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115945602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Watanabe, Guilherme de Lemos, Humberto Lidio Antonelli, Renata Pontin de Mattos Fortes, Gabriel Costa Silva
Widgets are part of many web applications and implement distinct interaction mechanisms, in reusable user interface components. However, implementing accessible widgets is a challenge, associated to different factors highlighted in the state-of-the-art, such as: lack of developers knowledge of accessibility guidelines, organization support and tools that support accessible development. This paper reports an investigation on JavaScript source-code complexity impacts of implementing accessibility requirements in widgets. We investigated Dialog, Drop-down menu and Tab widgets of 27 open-source JavaScript libraries. The results showed that widget software artifacts reported an increased average of source-code complexity when implementing accessibility requirements. Results also showed that using DOM-oriented JavaScript libraries (eg. jQuery) significantly increased source-code complexity of widgets. Nevertheless, when using Declarative Component-based JavaScript libraries, no significant difference in source-code complexity was observed. These results suggest that using Declarative Component-based widget libraries might reduce maintainability costs of JavaScript front-end projects.
{"title":"Code Complexity Impact of Widgets Accessibility Implementation in JavaScript Open-Source Libraries","authors":"W. Watanabe, Guilherme de Lemos, Humberto Lidio Antonelli, Renata Pontin de Mattos Fortes, Gabriel Costa Silva","doi":"10.1145/3470482.3479613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470482.3479613","url":null,"abstract":"Widgets are part of many web applications and implement distinct interaction mechanisms, in reusable user interface components. However, implementing accessible widgets is a challenge, associated to different factors highlighted in the state-of-the-art, such as: lack of developers knowledge of accessibility guidelines, organization support and tools that support accessible development. This paper reports an investigation on JavaScript source-code complexity impacts of implementing accessibility requirements in widgets. We investigated Dialog, Drop-down menu and Tab widgets of 27 open-source JavaScript libraries. The results showed that widget software artifacts reported an increased average of source-code complexity when implementing accessibility requirements. Results also showed that using DOM-oriented JavaScript libraries (eg. jQuery) significantly increased source-code complexity of widgets. Nevertheless, when using Declarative Component-based JavaScript libraries, no significant difference in source-code complexity was observed. These results suggest that using Declarative Component-based widget libraries might reduce maintainability costs of JavaScript front-end projects.","PeriodicalId":350776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127772926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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