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Social Work & Society最新文献

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Addiction 上瘾
Q3 Social Sciences
Social Work & Society
Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.46692/9781447344735.017
C. Yianni
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引用次数: 0
Conservatism 保守主义
Q3 Social Sciences
Social Work & Society
Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.46692/9781447344735.005
B. Williams
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引用次数: 0
Conclusion 结论
Q3 Social Sciences
Social Work & Society
Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.46692/9781447344735.019
K. Parkinson
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引用次数: 0
Social Work with Adults 成人社会工作
Q3 Social Sciences
Social Work & Society
Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.46692/9781447344735.009
A. Withers, S. Pollock
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引用次数: 0
The Criminal Justice System 刑事司法系统
Q3 Social Sciences
Social Work & Society
Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.46692/9781447344735.012
I. Cummins
One of the most notable developments in social work practice over the past thirty years in England and Wales has been the marginalisation of its role in the Criminal Justice System (CJS). In particular, the training and roles of probation officers have altered very dramatically. one of the most significant cultural changes in the past 30 years has been the removal of a consensus around penal policy. As Simon (2007) notes, progressive parties have found it difficult to challenge the basic assumptions of this new punitive approach: crime is rising and the proper response should be to expand the prison system.In addition to the expansion of the use of imprisonment, the past 20 years have seen the increased privatisation of sections of the Criminal Justice System. Firms such as G4S have made huge profits from taking on roles that were previously seen as proper functions of the state. These have included running prisons and tagging offenders.The result in England and Wales has been a doubling of the prison population since the early 1990s. In political terms, the only influential politician to raise doubts about our addiction to imprisonment has been Ken Clarke on his return to the Ministry of Justice in 2010. The appointment of Rory Stewart as the minister responsible for prisons in 2018 was another important step. Early in his tenure, Stewart made a number of statements about the need for a rethink on penal policy, emphasising that prisons had to tackle deeply entrenched issues such as staff, shortages, violence and drugs if they were fulfil a rehabilitative function.
过去三十年来，英格兰和威尔士社会工作实践中最显著的发展之一是其在刑事司法系统中的作用被边缘化。特别是，缓刑监督官的培训和作用发生了巨大变化。过去30年来，最重大的文化变革之一是消除了对刑事政策的共识。正如Simon（2007）所指出的，进步党派发现很难挑战这种新惩罚方法的基本假设：犯罪率正在上升，适当的应对措施应该是扩大监狱系统。除了扩大监禁的使用外，在过去20年中，刑事司法系统各部门的私有化程度也有所提高。G4S等公司从担任以前被视为国家适当职能的角色中获得了巨额利润。这些措施包括管理监狱和给罪犯贴标签。自20世纪90年代初以来，英格兰和威尔士的监狱人口翻了一番。从政治角度来看，唯一一位对我们的监禁成瘾表示怀疑的有影响力的政治家是肯·克拉克，他于2010年重返司法部。2018年任命Rory Stewart为负责监狱事务的部长是另一个重要步骤。在任职初期，斯图尔特发表了许多关于重新思考刑事政策的必要性的声明，强调监狱如果要履行康复职能，就必须解决根深蒂固的问题，如工作人员、短缺、暴力和毒品。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction to Part II 第二部分简介
Q3 Social Sciences
Social Work & Society
Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.46692/9781447344735.008
S. Pollock
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引用次数: 0
Insecurity 不安全感
Q3 Social Sciences
Social Work & Society
Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.46692/9781447344735.014
Sarah Pollock
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引用次数: 0
Neoliberalism 新自由主义
Q3 Social Sciences
Social Work & Society
Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.46692/9781447344735.006
I. Cummins
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引用次数: 0
Child Protection Social Work 儿童保护社会工作
Q3 Social Sciences
Social Work & Society
Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.46692/9781447344735.010
K. Parkinson
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引用次数: 1
Responding to an Increased Minimum Wage: A Mixed Methods Study of Child Care Businesses during the Implementation of Seattle's Minimum Wage Ordinance. 应对提高的最低工资：西雅图最低工资条例实施期间托儿企业的混合方法研究》（A Mixed Methods Study of Child Care Businesses during the Implementation of Seattle's Minimum Wage Ordinance）。
Q3 Social Sciences
Social Work & Society
Pub Date : 2018-01-01 Epub Date: 2018-12-15
Jennifer J Otten, Katherine Getts, Anne Althauser, James Buszkiewicz, Ekaterina Jardim, Heather D Hill, Jennifer Romich, Scott W Allard

Low wages are a persistent feature of child care jobs and affect the quality of children's care. In this article, we examine how Seattle's $15 minimum wage affects the local child care sector using three datasets: (1) state administrative records on approximately 200 Seattle-based child care businesses; (2) a longitudinal employer survey of 41 child care centers; and (3) in-depth interviews of 15 Seattle child care center directors. Findings suggest that the increase to $15/hour affects the majority of child care businesses. Providers' most commonly responded to higher labor costs by raising tuition and reducing staff hours or headcount-strategies that may negatively impact low-income families and staff. While raising wages may help some child care employees, considering the full range of effects of this policy underscores the need for a systems approach to supporting the child care sector as a whole.

低工资是托儿工作的一个长期特点，并影响着儿童保育的质量。在本文中，我们使用三个数据集研究了西雅图 15 美元最低工资标准对当地托儿行业的影响：（1）关于约 200 家西雅图托儿企业的州行政记录；（2）对 41 家托儿中心的纵向雇主调查；（3）对 15 名西雅图托儿中心主任的深入访谈。调查结果表明，每小时 15 美元的涨幅影响了大多数托儿所。托儿所最常见的应对劳动力成本上升的方法是提高学费、减少员工工作时间或人数--这些策略可能会对低收入家庭和员工产生负面影响。虽然提高工资可能会对一些托儿所员工有所帮助，但考虑到这一政策的全面影响，我们需要采取系统的方法来支持整个托儿所行业。
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引用次数: 0
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