Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, many Bangladeshi migrants have returned home, while many others are about to be repatriated. Drawing on qualitative research conducted with Bangladeshi migrants who returned from the Gulf Cooperation Council countries, this article analyzes the experiences of Bangladeshi laborers overseas during the pandemic to develop a better understanding of why these migrants returned to their home country. The main research questions here are twofold: How did COVID-19 affect the normal socioeconomic lives of Bangladeshi workers in the Gulf Cooperation Council, and to what extent is their return migration related to the COVID-19 pandemic?
{"title":"Shattered Dreams and the Return Home: Bangladeshi Migrant Workers in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries During COVID-19","authors":"M. Morad, A. Rabby, Devi Sacchetto, Nadia Haque","doi":"10.3986/dd.2022.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/dd.2022.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, many Bangladeshi migrants have returned home, while many others are about to be repatriated. Drawing on qualitative research conducted with Bangladeshi migrants who returned from the Gulf Cooperation Council countries, this article analyzes the experiences of Bangladeshi laborers overseas during the pandemic to develop a better understanding of why these migrants returned to their home country. The main research questions here are twofold: How did COVID-19 affect the normal socioeconomic lives of Bangladeshi workers in the Gulf Cooperation Council, and to what extent is their return migration related to the COVID-19 pandemic?","PeriodicalId":35249,"journal":{"name":"Dve Domovini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47658870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Repatriation due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic was the most extensive assisted return in Slovenia’s history. The article explores governmental responsiveness to the struggles and social risks experienced by Slovenian nationals stranded abroad during the global outbreak of COVID-19 from February to April 2020. It builds on a review of EU and national-level reports, a qualitative analysis of media sources, and expert interviews. The article highlights the lack of detailed systemic guidelines on transnational social protection in crisis situations and argues that the success in the repatriation of Slovenian nationals can be primarily attributed to the ad hoc measures set in place by highly motivated and inventive consular staff.
{"title":"Repatriation of Slovenian Nationals During Mobility Lockdowns Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Mojca Vah Jevšnik, Mirjam Milharčič Hladnik","doi":"10.3986/dd.2022.2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/dd.2022.2.07","url":null,"abstract":"Repatriation due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic was the most extensive assisted return in Slovenia’s history. The article explores governmental responsiveness to the struggles and social risks experienced by Slovenian nationals stranded abroad during the global outbreak of COVID-19 from February to April 2020. It builds on a review of EU and national-level reports, a qualitative analysis of media sources, and expert interviews. The article highlights the lack of detailed systemic guidelines on transnational social protection in crisis situations and argues that the success in the repatriation of Slovenian nationals can be primarily attributed to the ad hoc measures set in place by highly motivated and inventive consular staff.","PeriodicalId":35249,"journal":{"name":"Dve Domovini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44044813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the unfair and vulnerable situations endured by migrant workers. This article explores the realities of migrant workers stranded overseas during the pandemic. Focusing on evidence from the experiences of Sri Lankan migrants, it aims to create better policies and frameworks to improve their conditions. This study uses qualitative and quantitative data collected from Sri Lankan migrant workers. The analysis of migrants’ nuanced experiences overseas during the pandemic, in terms of employment outcomes and social and psychological experiences, shows mixed evidence. While the positive experiences are comforting, the negative experiences give direction for further attention.
{"title":"Migrant Workers and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Sri Lankans Abroad","authors":"Bilesha Weeraratne","doi":"10.3986/dd.2022.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/dd.2022.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the unfair and vulnerable situations endured by migrant workers. This article explores the realities of migrant workers stranded overseas during the pandemic. Focusing on evidence from the experiences of Sri Lankan migrants, it aims to create better policies and frameworks to improve their conditions. This study uses qualitative and quantitative data collected from Sri Lankan migrant workers. The analysis of migrants’ nuanced experiences overseas during the pandemic, in terms of employment outcomes and social and psychological experiences, shows mixed evidence. While the positive experiences are comforting, the negative experiences give direction for further attention.","PeriodicalId":35249,"journal":{"name":"Dve Domovini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41548571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
According to the author, this book aims to explore the accessibility and use of social capital within and outside the migrant community from the former Soviet Union (FSU) for migrant enterprises that operate in various markets over time. Elena Sommer’s book aims to shed light on a phenomenon that has spawned an international lexicon of words and phrases that include “ethnic entrepreneurship,” “ethnic business,” or “ethnic economy,” “middleman minority,” “sojourners,” “transculturality,” “orthodox ethnicity,” and “reactive ethnicity.” In her exploratory research, based on evidence from 62 qualitative interviews, Sommer examines the usage of social capital for entrepreneurial practices of self-employed migrants from the former Soviet Union in Germany. The study resulted from the author’s doctoral research at Bremen International Graduate School of Social Sciences (BIGSSS). It was designed to show how business-related social relationships are influenced by a company’s marketing policy and access to specific entrepreneurial social networks. The author investigates the types of relationship networks migrants use as a platform for creating and growing small enterprises and how migrants’ entrepreneurial social networks evolve.
{"title":"Book Review - Elena Sommer, Social Capital as a Resource for Migrant Entrepreneurship: Self-Employed Migrants from the Former Soviet Union in Germany Munich: Springer VS, 2020, 331 pp.","authors":"Y. Kryvenko","doi":"10.3986/dd.2022.2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/dd.2022.2.15","url":null,"abstract":"According to the author, this book aims to explore the accessibility and use of social capital within and outside the migrant community from the former Soviet Union (FSU) for migrant enterprises that operate in various markets over time. Elena Sommer’s book aims to shed light on a phenomenon that has spawned an international lexicon of words and phrases that include “ethnic entrepreneurship,” “ethnic business,” or “ethnic economy,” “middleman minority,” “sojourners,” “transculturality,” “orthodox ethnicity,” and “reactive ethnicity.” In her exploratory research, based on evidence from 62 qualitative interviews, Sommer examines the usage of social capital for entrepreneurial practices of self-employed migrants from the former Soviet Union in Germany. The study resulted from the author’s doctoral research at Bremen International Graduate School of Social Sciences (BIGSSS). It was designed to show how business-related social relationships are influenced by a company’s marketing policy and access to specific entrepreneurial social networks. The author investigates the types of relationship networks migrants use as a platform for creating and growing small enterprises and how migrants’ entrepreneurial social networks evolve.","PeriodicalId":35249,"journal":{"name":"Dve Domovini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43356799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 2021, Dve Domovini / Two Homelands published a special issue entitled The Coronavirus Crisis and Migration (vol. 54), which contained numerous articles on various contexts and specific aspects. Considering the importance of the topic, one year later, Dve Domovini / Two Homelands is devoting a new issue to migration in the pandemic era. In the editorial of issue 54, we analyzed the coronavirus crisis’s origins, characteristics, and social effects. In this editorial, we present an overview of migratory movements and migration policies and the impact on labor and health for immigrants. The current eco-pan-syndemic has produced new elements compared to the pre-COVID era, at the same time consolidating existing phenomena and highlighting old problems. While it has limited, interrupted, and disrupted migratory movements, at the same time, it has deepened the underlying causes of migration by accentuating the need to emigrate.
{"title":"Introduction: Migrants and Migration in the Eco-Pan-Syndemic Era","authors":"Francesco Della Puppa, F. Perocco","doi":"10.3986/dd2022.2.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/dd2022.2.01","url":null,"abstract":"In 2021, Dve Domovini / Two Homelands published a special issue entitled The Coronavirus Crisis and Migration (vol. 54), which contained numerous articles on various contexts and specific aspects. Considering the importance of the topic, one year later, Dve Domovini / Two Homelands is devoting a new issue to migration in the pandemic era. In the editorial of issue 54, we analyzed the coronavirus crisis’s origins, characteristics, and social effects. In this editorial, we present an overview of migratory movements and migration policies and the impact on labor and health for immigrants. The current eco-pan-syndemic has produced new elements compared to the pre-COVID era, at the same time consolidating existing phenomena and highlighting old problems. While it has limited, interrupted, and disrupted migratory movements, at the same time, it has deepened the underlying causes of migration by accentuating the need to emigrate.","PeriodicalId":35249,"journal":{"name":"Dve Domovini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41718617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noemi Filosi, Chiara Ioriatti, Elisa Pini, I. Serangeli, Giulia Storato
This contribution results from research conducted during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. It explores how the restrictions imposed for safety reasons impacted the everyday routines of a group of asylum seekers and beneficiaries of protection hosted in the asylum reception system in the city of Trento, Italy. Drawing on the interviews, the authors enlighten how the “health of the facility” sometimes came at the expense of the health of the individual, reducing their sociability outside the reception facilities and, therefore, their opportunities to develop their paths toward independence.
{"title":"The Pandemic in the Trentino Asylum Reception System: Subjectivities Lost Within the “Health of the Facility”","authors":"Noemi Filosi, Chiara Ioriatti, Elisa Pini, I. Serangeli, Giulia Storato","doi":"10.3986/dd.2022.2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/dd.2022.2.06","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution results from research conducted during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. It explores how the restrictions imposed for safety reasons impacted the everyday routines of a group of asylum seekers and beneficiaries of protection hosted in the asylum reception system in the city of Trento, Italy. Drawing on the interviews, the authors enlighten how the “health of the facility” sometimes came at the expense of the health of the individual, reducing their sociability outside the reception facilities and, therefore, their opportunities to develop their paths toward independence.","PeriodicalId":35249,"journal":{"name":"Dve Domovini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41966268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic and the government measures to curb it in the past two years have had a significant impact on the mobility of workers within the EU. In this article, we analyze the measures adopted by the Slovenian government and the governments of some neighboring countries in the first half of 2020 and examine how these have affected international mobile workers. We identified the economic and social risks to which workers have been exposed following their return to Slovenia or while working in neighboring countries. Such risks were largely due to inconsistently adopted measures on an international level and the adoption of measures at short notice.
{"title":"International Mobile Workers Caught Between Restrictive Measures and Freedom of Movement During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case of Slovenia","authors":"Kristina Toplak, Marina Lukšič Hacin","doi":"10.3986/dd.2022.2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/dd.2022.2.08","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic and the government measures to curb it in the past two years have had a significant impact on the mobility of workers within the EU. In this article, we analyze the measures adopted by the Slovenian government and the governments of some neighboring countries in the first half of 2020 and examine how these have affected international mobile workers. We identified the economic and social risks to which workers have been exposed following their return to Slovenia or while working in neighboring countries. Such risks were largely due to inconsistently adopted measures on an international level and the adoption of measures at short notice.","PeriodicalId":35249,"journal":{"name":"Dve Domovini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48910320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
At a time when the guarantees that international protection seemed to offer are being constantly undermined across the Global North, Stuck and Exploited offers a comprehensive approach to the current processes of retrenchment of reception rights and the dismantlement of reception structures through an in-depth analysis of the Italian case. With a strong ethnographic lens, Della Puppa and Sanò’s edited volume compiles 16 contributions of academics, activists, and practitioners working in the field of asylum to examine the processes of exclusion and discrimination of asylum seekers in their passage through an asylum reception system marked by arbitrariness, neglect, and opacity. Divided into two parts, the first part of the volume examines the national developments and characteristics of the Italian asylum reception system in its insertion within wider tendencies of migration governance through reception in the Global North. However, it does not fail to deepen in the particularities of different Italian regions and municipalities, highlighting how the implementation of national and EU policy is interpreted and reinterpreted at the local level and how, within this context, the discretion of “street-level bureaucrats,” as described by Lipsky, and other intermediaries, as well as the actions of social movements or the civil society can become a tool for “debordering” or yet another strategy of further control over migrants’ lives.
{"title":"Book Review - Francesco Della Puppa & Giuliana Sanò (eds.), Stuck and Exploited. Refugees and Asylum Seekers in Italy Between Exclusion, Discrimination and Struggles; Venezia: Edizioni Ca’Foscari, 2021, 362 pp.","authors":"A. Rué","doi":"10.3986/dd.2022.2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/dd.2022.2.16","url":null,"abstract":"At a time when the guarantees that international protection seemed to offer are being constantly undermined across the Global North, Stuck and Exploited offers a comprehensive approach to the current processes of retrenchment of reception rights and the dismantlement of reception structures through an in-depth analysis of the Italian case. With a strong ethnographic lens, Della Puppa and Sanò’s edited volume compiles 16 contributions of academics, activists, and practitioners working in the field of asylum to examine the processes of exclusion and discrimination of asylum seekers in their passage through an asylum reception system marked by arbitrariness, neglect, and opacity. Divided into two parts, the first part of the volume examines the national developments and characteristics of the Italian asylum reception system in its insertion within wider tendencies of migration governance through reception in the Global North. However, it does not fail to deepen in the particularities of different Italian regions and municipalities, highlighting how the implementation of national and EU policy is interpreted and reinterpreted at the local level and how, within this context, the discretion of “street-level bureaucrats,” as described by Lipsky, and other intermediaries, as well as the actions of social movements or the civil society can become a tool for “debordering” or yet another strategy of further control over migrants’ lives.","PeriodicalId":35249,"journal":{"name":"Dve Domovini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42925809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Članek prinaša rezultate raziskave, izvedene med predstavniki zvez kulturnih društev pripadnikov narodov nekdanje SFRJ. Na osnovi polstrukturiranih intervjujev smo ugotavljali, kako sogovorniki ocenjujejo položaj svojih skupnosti v šolstvu in kaj od njega pričakujejo. Rezultati so interpretirani s perspektive multikulturnih politik, ki se v Sloveniji oblikujejo glede na različne pravne statuse narodnih skupin in skupnosti. Rezultati kažejo na odsotnost jasne politike izobraževanja za učence pripadnike narodov nekdanje SFRJ, do česar se sogovorniki kritično opredelijo.
{"title":"Položaj narodnih skupnosti pripadnikov narodov nekdanje SFRJ v slovenskem šolstvu","authors":"Jaka Klun, Klara Skubic Ermenc","doi":"10.3986/dd.2022.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/dd.2022.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"Članek prinaša rezultate raziskave, izvedene med predstavniki zvez kulturnih društev pripadnikov narodov nekdanje SFRJ. Na osnovi polstrukturiranih intervjujev smo ugotavljali, kako sogovorniki ocenjujejo položaj svojih skupnosti v šolstvu in kaj od njega pričakujejo. Rezultati so interpretirani s perspektive multikulturnih politik, ki se v Sloveniji oblikujejo glede na različne pravne statuse narodnih skupin in skupnosti. Rezultati kažejo na odsotnost jasne politike izobraževanja za učence pripadnike narodov nekdanje SFRJ, do česar se sogovorniki kritično opredelijo.","PeriodicalId":35249,"journal":{"name":"Dve Domovini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48624586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Članek temelji na raziskavi, ki so jo avtorji opravili leta 2021. V središče postavlja izkušnje otrok in staršev beguncev z vključevanjem v slovenski vzgojno-izobraževalni sistem. Sogovorniki iz dvanajstih družin so spregovorili o pozitivnih in negativnih vidikih vključevanja v vzgojno-izobraževalni sistem. Med njimi so prevladovale težave z učenjem jezika, učne težave, diskriminacija. Proces vključevanja, ki v zakonih in strategijah deluje kot enoznačen »postopek« prilagajanja otrok na nove jezikovne, kulturne, izobraževalne in institucionalne razmere, v raziskavi predstavljamo iz perspektive »subjektov vključevanja«. Ti proces doživljajo kot dolgotrajen, niansiran in težaven.
{"title":"Vključevanje v vzgojno-izobraževalni sistem iz perspektive staršev in otrok beguncev","authors":"Lucija Klun, Alaa Alali, Jure Gombač","doi":"10.3986/dd.2022.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/dd.2022.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"Članek temelji na raziskavi, ki so jo avtorji opravili leta 2021. V središče postavlja izkušnje otrok in staršev beguncev z vključevanjem v slovenski vzgojno-izobraževalni sistem. Sogovorniki iz dvanajstih družin so spregovorili o pozitivnih in negativnih vidikih vključevanja v vzgojno-izobraževalni sistem. Med njimi so prevladovale težave z učenjem jezika, učne težave, diskriminacija. Proces vključevanja, ki v zakonih in strategijah deluje kot enoznačen »postopek« prilagajanja otrok na nove jezikovne, kulturne, izobraževalne in institucionalne razmere, v raziskavi predstavljamo iz perspektive »subjektov vključevanja«. Ti proces doživljajo kot dolgotrajen, niansiran in težaven.","PeriodicalId":35249,"journal":{"name":"Dve Domovini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41646011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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