Risk Management and Insurance Review最新文献

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Cyber risk management: History and future research directions 网络风险管理:历史与未来研究方向

Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.1111/RMIR.12169

Michael K. McShane, M. Eling, Trung Nguyen

引用次数: 28

China's nonlife insurance market: New insights from the China Insurance Yearbook 中国非寿险市场:来自《中国保险年鉴》的新见解

Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.1111/RMIR.12167

Douglas Bujakowski

引用次数: 0

Life insurance demand and borrowing constraints 寿险需求与借款约束

Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2021-02-22 DOI: 10.1111/RMIR.12166

Bojan Srbinoski, K. Poposki, P. Born, Valter Lazzari

In the empirical macroeconomic research, the positive relationship between financial development and life insurance development was taken for granted without delving into the complexity of the issue. Financial development supports life insurance supply by providing confidence in the financial system, more efficient payment systems and higher availability of financial instruments. However, financial development reduces households’ needs to save by relaxing borrowing constraints, indirectly affecting life insurance demand. We contribute by providing a demand-driven explanation of the negative consequences of financial development on life insurance development. We find that more creditconstrained countries have higher life insurance penetration on average. The effect is especially pronounced within high-income countries. The role of borrowing constraints indirectly signifies the importance of life insurance policies as a financing tool in case of realization of various background risks. This study integrates the knowledge from life insurance theory, life insurance lapse, policy loans demand and saving under liquidity constraints literatures and produces implications for researchers, policymakers and life insurers. JEL Classification: G22, G51, O16

在实证宏观经济研究中，金融发展与寿险发展之间的正相关关系被认为是理所当然的，没有深入研究问题的复杂性。金融发展通过提供对金融体系的信心、更有效的支付体系和更高的金融工具可用性来支持人寿保险的供应。然而，金融发展通过放松借贷限制减少了家庭的储蓄需求，间接影响了寿险需求。我们为金融发展对寿险发展的负面影响提供了需求驱动的解释。我们发现，信贷受限程度越高的国家平均寿险渗透率越高。这种影响在高收入国家尤为明显。借款约束的作用间接体现了寿险保单在实现各种背景风险时作为融资工具的重要性。本研究整合了寿险理论、寿险失效、保单贷款需求和流动性约束下的储蓄等文献的知识，为研究者、政策制定者和保险公司提供了参考。JEL分类:G22, G51, O16

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引用次数: 2

Usage‐based insurance and its acceptance: An empirical approach 基于使用的保险及其接受:一种实证方法

Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2021-02-17 DOI: 10.1111/RMIR.12165

A. Śliwiński, Lukasz Kurylowicz

引用次数: 5

Genetic testing and insurance implications: Surveying the US general population about discrimination concerns and knowledge of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA). 基因检测和保险影响:调查美国普通人群关于歧视问题和遗传信息非歧视法案(GINA)的知识。

Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/rmir.12195

Anya E R Prince, Wendy R Uhlmann, Sonia M Suter, Aaron M Scherer

Globally, due to public concerns of genetic discrimination, some countries and insurance industries have adopted policies restricting insurer use of genetic information, such as the US Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA). This study reports on combined analysis of two surveys assessing public knowledge of GINA and concerns of genetic discrimination in a diverse U.S. sample (N=1616). We focus on whether occupation, genetic testing history, and insurance status are correlated with knowledge of GINA or concerns of discrimination. While bivariate analysis identified some populations with higher subjective/objective knowledge and concern relative to counterparts, multivariable regression identified very few significant associations with outcomes of interest. Overall, this study highlights lack of awareness and understanding of GINA, even among subpopulations hypothesized to have greater knowledge of the law. These findings have implications for the broader debate around insurer use of genetic information.

在全球范围内，由于公众对基因歧视的担忧，一些国家和保险业采取了限制保险公司使用基因信息的政策，如美国的《基因信息非歧视法案》(GINA)。本研究报告了对两项调查的综合分析，该调查评估了美国不同样本(N=1616)中公众对GINA的认识和对遗传歧视的关注。我们关注的是职业、基因检测史和保险状况是否与GINA知识或对歧视的担忧相关。虽然双变量分析确定了一些相对于同行具有更高主观/客观知识和关注的人群，但多变量回归发现很少与感兴趣的结果有显著关联。总的来说，这项研究强调了对GINA缺乏认识和理解，即使在假设对法律有更多了解的亚群体中也是如此。这些发现对围绕保险公司使用遗传信息的更广泛辩论具有启示意义。

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引用次数: 2

The short-run impact of COVID-19 on the activity in the insurance industry in the Republic of North Macedonia. COVID-19 对北马其顿共和国保险业活动的短期影响。

Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-22 DOI: 10.1111/rmir.12187

Viktor Stojkoski, Petar Jolakoski, Igor Ivanovski

Recent studies suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic will induce drastic changes in the business models of the insurance industry. However, despite an abundance of predictions, the literature still lacks empirical investigations of the impact of the pandemic. In this paper, we perform a first of a kind analysis and investigate the short-run impact of COVID-19 on the activity in the insurance in one country-North Macedonia. By utilizing a seasonal autoregressive model, we find that during the first half of 2020, the activity in the insurance industry shrank by more than 10% to what was expected. The total loss in the industry amounted to approximately 8.2 million euros. This was much less than the volume of reserves that the Insurance Supervision Agency made available as funds for dealing with the potential crisis. In addition, the pandemic induced changes in the insurance activity structure-the share of motor vehicles class in the total industry activity fell at the expense of the property classes. Our results suggest that the insurance industry in North Macedonia was well prepared to tackle the consequences of the pandemic and that automatic stabilizers had a major influence on weakening the overall negative impact.

最近的研究表明，COVID-19 大流行病将导致保险业的商业模式发生巨大变化。然而，尽管有大量的预测，文献中仍然缺乏对大流行病影响的实证调查。在本文中，我们首次进行了同类分析，研究了 COVID-19 对一个国家--北马其顿--保险业活动的短期影响。通过利用季节性自回归模型，我们发现在 2020 年上半年，保险业的活动比预期减少了 10%以上。该行业的损失总额约为 820 万欧元。这远远低于保险监管机构为应对潜在危机而提供的准备金数额。此外，大流行病还引起了保险活动结构的变化--机动车辆类在整个行业活动中所占的份额下降，而财产险类的份额则有所下降。我们的研究结果表明，北马其顿的保险业为应对大流行病的后果做好了充分准备，而且自动稳定器对削弱整体负面影响产生了重大影响。

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引用次数: 0

Government insurance for business interruption losses from pandemics: An evaluation of its feasibility and possible frameworks 政府为大流行病造成的业务中断损失提供保险:评估其可行性和可能的框架

Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/rmir.12162

R. Klein, H. Weston

Many businesses have suffered severe economic losses due to the COVID‐19 pandemic Because property business interruption (BI) policies generally do not cover losses caused by a virus, this has led to proposals for some form of government program that would provide this coverage We explain why private BI pandemic insurance on a broad scale is infeasible Arguably, BI pandemic insurance has substantial positive externalities and this has implications with respect to the desirability of government provision of this coverage and its financing Our paper considers the goals of a government BI pandemic insurance program and the challenges it would face with respect to its design and implementation and how they could be addressed In this context, we evaluate current proposals for such a program, including legislation currently being considered by the Congress We conclude that creating such a program requires thorough and careful consideration of its features and the tradeoffs involved with its structure The essential question for policymakers is whether the best possible program would be in the public interest and increase social welfare Further, political considerations will likely influence the design of any program in ways that would make it less efficient and possibly less equitable

由于财产业务中断(BI)政策通常不包括病毒造成的损失，因此有人提议通过某种形式的政府计划来提供这种保险。我们解释了为什么大规模的私人BI大流行保险是不可行的。商业智能大流行保险具有实质性的正外部性，这对政府提供这种保险及其融资的可取性产生了影响。我们的论文考虑了政府商业智能大流行保险计划的目标，以及它在设计和实施方面面临的挑战，以及如何解决这些挑战。在此背景下，我们评估了该计划的当前提案。我们得出的结论是，创建这样一个计划需要对其特征及其结构所涉及的权衡进行彻底和仔细的考虑。政策制定者面临的关键问题是，最好的计划是否符合公众利益并增加社会福利。此外，政治考虑可能会影响任何计划的设计，从而使其效率降低，可能不那么公平

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引用次数: 2

A framework for the evaluation of InsurTech 保险科技的评估框架

Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/rmir.12161

Xian Xu, P. Zweifel

In recent years, the insurance industry has known rapid development and application of new technologies, leading to the emergence of a large number of innovative products. This constitutes a challenge for stakeholders ranging from consumers, management, investors, and on to regulators, who need to evaluate these so‐called InsurTech innovations. This study applies a modified Delphi method in combination with the Analytical Hierarchy Process of Saaty to first provide the weightings of 42 individual indicators for aggregation to 9 subdimensions, among which degree of innovation, size of potential user base, and delivery of services turn out to be the most important. These subdimensions are in turn aggregated into three main dimensions, (i) management and operations, (ii) level of technology, and (iii) user experience, which are found to have equal weight. In conclusion, this paper proposes a transparent way of evaluating InsurTech innovations that also may provide guidance for their future development.

近年来，保险行业新技术的快速发展和应用，导致大量创新产品的出现。这对消费者、管理层、投资者和监管机构等利益相关者构成了挑战，他们需要评估这些所谓的InsurTech创新。本研究采用改进的德尔菲法，结合Saaty层次分析法，首先将42个单项指标的权重汇总到9个子维度，其中创新程度、潜在用户群规模和服务交付是最重要的。这些子维度依次聚合为三个主要维度，(i)管理和运营，(ii)技术水平和(iii)用户体验，这三个维度被发现具有相同的权重。综上所述，本文提出了一种透明的评估InsurTech创新的方法，也可能为其未来的发展提供指导。

引用次数: 5

The relationships between vehicle characteristics and automobile accidents 车辆特性与汽车事故的关系

Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/rmir.12163

W. Wu, Chu‐Shiu Li, Sheng-Chang Peng

引用次数: 2

Will genetic test results be monetized in life insurance? 基因检测结果会在人寿保险中货币化吗?

Q3 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2020-11-28 DOI: 10.1111/rmir.12159

Oytun Hacariz, T. Kleinow, A. MacDonald, Pradip Tapadar, Guy R. Thomas

If life insurers are not permitted to use genetic test results in underwriting, they may face adverse selection. It is sometimes claimed that applicants will choose abnormally high sums insured as a form of financial gamble, possibly financed by life settlement companies (LSCs). The latter possibility is given some credence by the recent experience of “stranger‐originated life insurance” (STOLI) in the United States. We examine these claims, and find them unconvincing for four reasons. First, apparently high mortality implies surprisingly high probabilities of surviving for decades, so the gamble faces long odds. Second, LSCs would have to adopt a different business model, involving much longer time horizons. Third, STOLI is being effectively dealt with by the U.S. courts. Fourth, the gamble would be predicated upon a deep understanding of the genetic epidemiology, which is evolving, subject to uncertain biases, and cannot predict the emergence of effective treatments.

如果人寿保险公司不被允许在承保中使用基因检测结果，他们可能会面临逆向选择。有时有人声称，申请人会选择异常高的保额作为一种金融赌博，可能是由人寿结算公司(LSCs)提供资金。后一种可能性在美国最近的“陌生人发起的人寿保险”(STOLI)的经验中得到了一定的信任。我们研究了这些说法，发现它们不令人信服的原因有四个。首先，明显的高死亡率意味着活上几十年的可能性高得惊人，因此这场赌博的可能性很小。其次，LSCs必须采用一种不同的商业模式，涉及更长的时间跨度。第三，美国法院正在有效地处理STOLI。第四，这场赌博将建立在对遗传流行病学的深刻理解的基础上，遗传流行病学是不断发展的，受到不确定偏见的影响，无法预测有效治疗方法的出现。

引用次数: 1

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