Risk Management and Insurance Review最新文献

英文中文

Weighted risk models for dynamic healthcare fraud detection 动态医疗保健欺诈检测的加权风险模型

Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2021-06-09 DOI: 10.1111/RMIR.12183

A. Rolfe

引用次数: 1

Risk sharing under the dominant peer‐to‐peer property and casualty insurance business models p2p财产和意外伤害保险业务模式下的风险分担

Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/RMIR.12180

M. Denuit, C. Robert

This paper purposes to formalize the three business models dominating peer-to-peer (P2P) property and casualty insurance: the self-governing model, the broker model and the carrier model. The former one develops outside the insurance market whereas the latter ones may originate from the insurance industry, by partnering with an existing company or by issuing a new generation of participating insurance policies where part of the risk is shared within a community and higher losses, exceeding the community’s risk-bearing capacity are covered by an insurance or reinsurance company. The present paper proposes an actuarial modeling based on conditional mean risk sharing, to support the development of this new P2P insurance offer under each of the three business models. In addition, several specific questions are also addressed in the self-governing model. Considering an economic agent who has to select the optimal pool for a risk to be shared with other participants, it is shown that uniform comparison of the Lorenz or concentration curves associated to the respective total losses of the pools under consideration allows the agent to decide which pool is preferable. The monotonicity of the respective contributions of the participants is established with respect to the convex order, showing that increasing the number of participants is always beneficial under conditional mean risk sharing.

本文旨在形式化点对点(P2P)财产意外保险的三种业务模型:自治模型、代理模型和载体模型。前者是在保险市场之外发展起来的，而后者可能源于保险业，通过与现有公司合作或发行新一代的参保保单，由社区分担部分风险，而超过社区风险承受能力的较高损失则由保险公司或再保险公司承担。本文提出了一个基于条件平均风险分担的精算模型，以支持在三种商业模式下这种新的P2P保险服务的发展。此外，自治模型还解决了几个具体问题。考虑一个经济主体必须选择与其他参与者共享风险的最优池，结果表明，与所考虑的池中各自的总损失相关的洛伦兹曲线或浓度曲线的统一比较使该主体能够决定哪个池更优。建立了参与者各自贡献相对于凸阶的单调性，表明在有条件平均风险分担的情况下，增加参与者数量总是有利的。

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引用次数: 11

Market reactions to enterprise risk management adoption, incorporation by rating agencies, and ORSA Act passage 市场对企业风险管理采用的反应，评级机构的加入，以及ORSA法案的通过

Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2021-04-27 DOI: 10.1111/RMIR.12170

Evan M. Eastman, Jianren Xu

引用次数: 5

Connected and autonomous vehicle injury loss events: Potential risk and actuarial considerations for primary insurers 联网和自动驾驶汽车伤害损失事件:主要保险公司的潜在风险和精算考虑

Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2021-03-09 DOI: 10.1111/RMIR.12168

D. Shannon, Tim Jannusch, Florian David-Spickermann, Martin Mullins, Martin Cunneen, Finbarr Murphy

The introduction of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) to the road transport ecosystem will change the manner of collisions. CAVs are expected to optimize the safety of road users and the wider environment, while alleviating traffic congestion and maximizing occupant comfort. The net result is a reduction in the frequency of motor vehicle collisions, and a reduction in the number of injuries currently seen as “ preventable. ” A changing risk ecosystem will introduce new challenges and opportunities for primary insurers. Prior studies have highlighted the economic benefit provided by reductions in the frequency of hazardous events. This economic benefit, however, will be offset by the economic detriment incurred by emerging risks and the increased scrutiny placed on existing risks. We posit four plausible scenarios de-tailing how an introduction of these technologies could result in a larger relative rate of injury claims currently characterized as tail ‐ risk events. In such a scenario, the culmination of these losses will present as a second “ hump ” in actuarial loss models. We discuss how CAV risk factors and traffic dynamics may combine to make a second “ hump ” a plausible reality, and discuss a number of opportunities that may arise for primary insurers from a changing road environment.

在道路交通生态系统中引入联网和自动驾驶汽车(cav)将改变碰撞的方式。预计自动驾驶汽车将优化道路使用者的安全性和更广泛的环境，同时缓解交通拥堵并最大限度地提高乘员的舒适度。最终的结果是减少了机动车碰撞的频率，减少了目前被认为是“可以预防的”伤害的数量。不断变化的风险生态系统将为初级保险公司带来新的挑战和机遇。先前的研究强调了减少危险事件发生频率所带来的经济效益。然而，这种经济利益将被新出现的风险和对现有风险加强审查所造成的经济损害所抵消。我们假设了四种可能的情景，详细说明了这些技术的引入如何导致目前被描述为尾部风险事件的伤害索赔的相对比例增加。在这种情况下，这些损失的顶点将在精算损失模型中表现为第二个“驼峰”。我们讨论了CAV风险因素和交通动态如何结合起来使第二个“驼峰”成为可能的现实，并讨论了不断变化的道路环境可能给初级保险公司带来的一些机会。

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引用次数: 6

Cyber risk management: History and future research directions 网络风险管理:历史与未来研究方向

Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.1111/RMIR.12169

Michael K. McShane, M. Eling, Trung Nguyen

引用次数: 28

China's nonlife insurance market: New insights from the China Insurance Yearbook 中国非寿险市场:来自《中国保险年鉴》的新见解

Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.1111/RMIR.12167

Douglas Bujakowski

引用次数: 0

Life insurance demand and borrowing constraints 寿险需求与借款约束

Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2021-02-22 DOI: 10.1111/RMIR.12166

Bojan Srbinoski, K. Poposki, P. Born, Valter Lazzari

In the empirical macroeconomic research, the positive relationship between financial development and life insurance development was taken for granted without delving into the complexity of the issue. Financial development supports life insurance supply by providing confidence in the financial system, more efficient payment systems and higher availability of financial instruments. However, financial development reduces households’ needs to save by relaxing borrowing constraints, indirectly affecting life insurance demand. We contribute by providing a demand-driven explanation of the negative consequences of financial development on life insurance development. We find that more creditconstrained countries have higher life insurance penetration on average. The effect is especially pronounced within high-income countries. The role of borrowing constraints indirectly signifies the importance of life insurance policies as a financing tool in case of realization of various background risks. This study integrates the knowledge from life insurance theory, life insurance lapse, policy loans demand and saving under liquidity constraints literatures and produces implications for researchers, policymakers and life insurers. JEL Classification: G22, G51, O16

在实证宏观经济研究中，金融发展与寿险发展之间的正相关关系被认为是理所当然的，没有深入研究问题的复杂性。金融发展通过提供对金融体系的信心、更有效的支付体系和更高的金融工具可用性来支持人寿保险的供应。然而，金融发展通过放松借贷限制减少了家庭的储蓄需求，间接影响了寿险需求。我们为金融发展对寿险发展的负面影响提供了需求驱动的解释。我们发现，信贷受限程度越高的国家平均寿险渗透率越高。这种影响在高收入国家尤为明显。借款约束的作用间接体现了寿险保单在实现各种背景风险时作为融资工具的重要性。本研究整合了寿险理论、寿险失效、保单贷款需求和流动性约束下的储蓄等文献的知识，为研究者、政策制定者和保险公司提供了参考。JEL分类:G22, G51, O16

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引用次数: 2

Usage‐based insurance and its acceptance: An empirical approach 基于使用的保险及其接受:一种实证方法

Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2021-02-17 DOI: 10.1111/RMIR.12165

A. Śliwiński, Lukasz Kurylowicz

引用次数: 5

Genetic testing and insurance implications: Surveying the US general population about discrimination concerns and knowledge of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA). 基因检测和保险影响:调查美国普通人群关于歧视问题和遗传信息非歧视法案(GINA)的知识。

Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/rmir.12195

Anya E R Prince, Wendy R Uhlmann, Sonia M Suter, Aaron M Scherer

Globally, due to public concerns of genetic discrimination, some countries and insurance industries have adopted policies restricting insurer use of genetic information, such as the US Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA). This study reports on combined analysis of two surveys assessing public knowledge of GINA and concerns of genetic discrimination in a diverse U.S. sample (N=1616). We focus on whether occupation, genetic testing history, and insurance status are correlated with knowledge of GINA or concerns of discrimination. While bivariate analysis identified some populations with higher subjective/objective knowledge and concern relative to counterparts, multivariable regression identified very few significant associations with outcomes of interest. Overall, this study highlights lack of awareness and understanding of GINA, even among subpopulations hypothesized to have greater knowledge of the law. These findings have implications for the broader debate around insurer use of genetic information.

在全球范围内，由于公众对基因歧视的担忧，一些国家和保险业采取了限制保险公司使用基因信息的政策，如美国的《基因信息非歧视法案》(GINA)。本研究报告了对两项调查的综合分析，该调查评估了美国不同样本(N=1616)中公众对GINA的认识和对遗传歧视的关注。我们关注的是职业、基因检测史和保险状况是否与GINA知识或对歧视的担忧相关。虽然双变量分析确定了一些相对于同行具有更高主观/客观知识和关注的人群，但多变量回归发现很少与感兴趣的结果有显著关联。总的来说，这项研究强调了对GINA缺乏认识和理解，即使在假设对法律有更多了解的亚群体中也是如此。这些发现对围绕保险公司使用遗传信息的更广泛辩论具有启示意义。

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引用次数: 2

The short-run impact of COVID-19 on the activity in the insurance industry in the Republic of North Macedonia. COVID-19 对北马其顿共和国保险业活动的短期影响。

Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE

Risk Management and Insurance Review

Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-22 DOI: 10.1111/rmir.12187

Viktor Stojkoski, Petar Jolakoski, Igor Ivanovski

Recent studies suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic will induce drastic changes in the business models of the insurance industry. However, despite an abundance of predictions, the literature still lacks empirical investigations of the impact of the pandemic. In this paper, we perform a first of a kind analysis and investigate the short-run impact of COVID-19 on the activity in the insurance in one country-North Macedonia. By utilizing a seasonal autoregressive model, we find that during the first half of 2020, the activity in the insurance industry shrank by more than 10% to what was expected. The total loss in the industry amounted to approximately 8.2 million euros. This was much less than the volume of reserves that the Insurance Supervision Agency made available as funds for dealing with the potential crisis. In addition, the pandemic induced changes in the insurance activity structure-the share of motor vehicles class in the total industry activity fell at the expense of the property classes. Our results suggest that the insurance industry in North Macedonia was well prepared to tackle the consequences of the pandemic and that automatic stabilizers had a major influence on weakening the overall negative impact.

最近的研究表明，COVID-19 大流行病将导致保险业的商业模式发生巨大变化。然而，尽管有大量的预测，文献中仍然缺乏对大流行病影响的实证调查。在本文中，我们首次进行了同类分析，研究了 COVID-19 对一个国家--北马其顿--保险业活动的短期影响。通过利用季节性自回归模型，我们发现在 2020 年上半年，保险业的活动比预期减少了 10%以上。该行业的损失总额约为 820 万欧元。这远远低于保险监管机构为应对潜在危机而提供的准备金数额。此外，大流行病还引起了保险活动结构的变化--机动车辆类在整个行业活动中所占的份额下降，而财产险类的份额则有所下降。我们的研究结果表明，北马其顿的保险业为应对大流行病的后果做好了充分准备，而且自动稳定器对削弱整体负面影响产生了重大影响。

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引用次数: 0

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