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Simulation-based analysis of shared manufacturing systems 基于仿真的共享制造系统分析
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/0104-530x3718-20
G. Silva, Nelson Casarotto Filho, E. Frazzon
Abstract Advancements in information and communication technologies are encouraging researches in shared manufacturing systems, especially on current high-competitiveness and low-resources scenarios. This paper aims to compare productive resources sharing with traditional manufacturing systems by using a simulation-based optimization model. The model is based on the One Product Integrated Manufacturing paradigm in which the efficiency optimization is pursued by designing ad-hoc virtual factories allocating the best resources available on an existing network. The proposed simulation-based optimization model is capable of identifying the best production path and plan for different distances between network members. Along with a better overall efficiency, it is also possible to argue that dedicated virtual factories ease the identification of problems and allow for improvements without negatively affecting other resources.
信息和通信技术的进步促进了共享制造系统的研究,特别是在当前高竞争力和低资源的情况下。利用基于仿真的优化模型,对生产资源共享与传统制造系统进行比较。该模型基于单一产品集成制造范式,在该范式中,通过在现有网络上设计分配最佳可用资源的自组织虚拟工厂来追求效率优化。基于仿真的优化模型能够识别出网络成员之间不同距离的最佳生产路径和计划。除了整体效率更高之外,还可以认为专用虚拟工厂可以简化问题的识别,并在不对其他资源产生负面影响的情况下进行改进。
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引用次数: 1
Proposal process management at the plant operation applied to the generating unit shutdown process of Itaipu Binacional 建议将电厂运行过程管理应用于伊泰普国家电力公司的发电机组停机过程
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/0104-530x3630-20
Maria L. Piaia, J. Portela, Edson Hermenegildo Pereira Júnior, Nayara V. Fidelis
Abstract The Process Management is a model that enables the functional management of internal processes, cross or not an organization. Enables adequate control of resources, mapping of functions and activities, and aims to improve the results and sustainability. In line with these objectives, the Plant Operation Area Itaipu Binacional interests to map, identify areas for improvement and adequately control its internal processes, one of the shutdown, scheduled and unscheduled, generating units. This work is subject to application of Pereira Júnior method Process Management to shutdown generating units. Justified by the fact that Itaipu aims by 2020 to consolidate as the “[...] generating clean, renewable energy with the best operating performance and the best sustainability practices in the world [...]” (Itaipu Binacional, 2016). For this, has as some of the Strategic Objectives “To improve the efficiency of energy production processes maintaining the technological infrastructure updated” and “[...] foster an organizational culture focused on process efficiency and results” (Itaipu Binacional, 2016). To this end, the various hierarchical levels people were interviewed to map the scheduled shutdown process and unplanned generating units of Itaipu Binacional and raised the requirements for generation of performance and improvement opportunities indicators. Finally, alternative solutions have been suggested to improve opportunities raised, as well as an action plan linked to them.
流程管理是一种能够实现跨组织或非组织内部流程功能管理的模型。能够充分控制资源,绘制功能和活动,并旨在改善结果和可持续性。根据这些目标,伊泰普双星公司的工厂运营区域将绘制地图,确定需要改进的区域,并充分控制其内部流程,其中关闭,计划和非计划的发电机组。这项工作需要应用Pereira Júnior过程管理方法来关闭发电机组。伊泰普的目标是到2020年巩固为“…生产清洁、可再生能源,拥有世界上最好的运行性能和最佳的可持续性实践[…](Itaipu Binacional, 2016)。为此,一些战略目标是“提高能源生产过程的效率,保持技术基础设施的更新”和“[…]培养注重过程效率和结果的组织文化”(Itaipu Binacional, 2016)。为此,对不同层次的人员进行了访谈,绘制了Itaipu Binacional的计划停机过程和计划外发电机组,并提出了性能和改进机会指标的生成要求。最后,提出了改善所提出的机会的其他解决办法,以及与这些机会有关的行动计划。
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引用次数: 2
Evaluation of OPC-UA communication in an autonomous advanced manufacturing cell implementation 自主先进制造单元实现中OPC-UA通信的评估
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/0104-530x5414-20
R. Maia, Ângelo Jorge Bálsamo, Guilherme Lopes, A. Massote, F. Lima
Abstract: The recent development of advanced manufacturing concepts brings new challenges for developing countries in order to prepare their workforce and industries for local and global markets. To explore and disseminate advanced manufacturing concepts, the first autonomous advanced manufacturing cell developed in Brazil as a result of a partnership between global and local companies and academia was designed and evaluated. This paper aims to describe the advanced manufacturing cell, the equipment composing the infrastructure, and the network topology and equipment that could deal with the heterogeneity of equipment and protocol. Moreover, the behavior of the Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture (OPC UA) communication framework (and related protocols) as the integration element between the equipment composing the cell was evaluated. The results indicated that the OPC UA communication framework promotes a low traffic overhead and can also be used to carry data from the traditional protocols in their fields without restrictions that could hinder production. The paper also discusses how the exchange of data occurred between the equipment used in the production and the control systems via the protocol studied. The OPC UA communication framework protocols presented a messaging structure and data transport characteristics that satisfy the integration needs between equipment of several manufacturers that composed an autonomous cell of advanced manufacturing. This paper also presents some key challenges to integrating all equipment not addressed by the OPC UA reference model.
摘要:先进制造理念的发展给发展中国家带来了新的挑战,使其劳动力和产业为当地和全球市场做好准备。为了探索和传播先进的制造理念,设计和评估了巴西第一个自主先进制造单元,这是全球和当地公司以及学术界合作开发的结果。本文旨在描述先进制造单元、构成基础设施的设备、能够处理设备和协议异构的网络拓扑和设备。此外,还评估了开放平台通信统一架构(OPC UA)通信框架(及相关协议)作为组成小区的设备之间的集成元素的行为。结果表明,OPC UA通信框架促进了较低的流量开销,并且还可以用于在其领域中传输传统协议的数据,而不受可能阻碍生产的限制。本文还讨论了如何通过所研究的协议在生产设备和控制系统之间进行数据交换。OPC UA通信框架协议提供了一种消息结构和数据传输特性,满足了组成先进制造自主单元的多家厂商设备之间的集成需求。本文还提出了OPC UA参考模型未解决的集成所有设备的一些关键挑战。
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引用次数: 5
Manufacturing operational management modeling using interpreted Petri nets 使用解释Petri网的制造运营管理建模
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/0104-530x3920-20
Diego Nogueira Guirro, O. L. Asato, G. Santos, F. Y. Nakamoto
Abstract: The dynamics of the interaction between different levels in production system is the study of many research groups to seek a better understanding of the complex nature of such systems to propose an effective and efficiency from rational use of available resources and required inputs. Demand for products increasingly customized by a dynamic and competitive market has reduced considerably the life cycle of such products and flexibility of production processes has become essential for companies. Flexibility is not only one attribute, but a set of attributes that provides the flexibility for production systems. The interactions between the flexible sub-systems are sources of waste and rework, causing high costs in the production process. In this sense, the concept of Lean Manufacturing has promoted a restructuring of some processes of the MES (Manufacturing Execution Systems), responsible for managing the activities of production, integrate data from the ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) and synchronize production tasks the flow of materials, making them oriented by the demand. One other important aspect in the industrial context is the new future vision promoted by Industry 4.0 paradigm that is envisioned a complete decentralization of control of the production system by autonomous and intelligent devices interconnected by a communication system, that contribute to the global goals of the enterprise. The ANSI/ISA S95 presents a conceptual model that may contribute to the implementation of the industry 4.0 concept. The objective of this study is to present a proposal for modeling of objects in level 3 of the S95 standard using interpreted Petri nets.
摘要:生产系统中不同层次之间相互作用的动态性是许多研究小组为寻求更好地理解这类系统的复杂性,从而提出一种有效和高效的从合理利用可用资源和所需投入的方法而进行的研究。一个充满活力和竞争的市场对日益定制化的产品的需求大大缩短了这类产品的生命周期,生产过程的灵活性对公司来说变得至关重要。灵活性不仅仅是一个属性,而是为生产系统提供灵活性的一组属性。柔性子系统之间的相互作用是浪费和返工的来源,导致生产过程中的高成本。从这个意义上说,精益制造的概念促进了MES(制造执行系统)的一些流程的重组,MES(制造执行系统)负责管理生产活动,整合来自ERP(企业资源计划)的数据,并同步生产任务和物料流,使其以需求为导向。工业环境中的另一个重要方面是由工业4.0范式推动的新的未来愿景,它设想通过通信系统互联的自主和智能设备完全分散对生产系统的控制,这有助于实现企业的全球目标。ANSI/ISA S95提出了一个可能有助于实现工业4.0概念的概念模型。本研究的目的是提出使用解释Petri网对S95标准第3级对象进行建模的建议。
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引用次数: 3
Collaborative learning in the production of diagnostic imaging: detailing group practices 诊断影像生产中的协作学习:详细小组实践
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/0104-530x4456-20
P. Dorow, G. Varvakis, Dorzeli Salete Trzeciak, L. F. Souza
Abstract: Considering collaborative work is a growing phenomenon, understand how groups learn effectively is critical. This research aimed to identify and detailed the practices performed in the processes of diagnostic imaging that support continuous learning in groups of radiologists. It is a multiple case study that presents practical and context dependent knowledge about group practices in the specific radiology and imaging environment. Data were collected through semi-structured observations and interviews, with members of three groups belonging to different radiology and diagnostic imaging organizations. The results of this study show how a learning culture, integration and cooperation, an adequate physical environment, the support of the leadership and the technological support when combining attendance-based and virtual activities guarantee the organizational learning in the groups and individual of the radiologist, creating transformative and disruptive paths. It concludes the use of appropriate practices facilitates the learning of the groups.
摘要:考虑到协作工作是一种日益增长的现象,了解团队如何有效学习至关重要。本研究旨在确定并详细说明在诊断成像过程中进行的实践,以支持放射科医生群体的持续学习。这是一个多案例研究,展示了在特定的放射学和成像环境中关于群体实践的实践和上下文相关知识。数据收集通过半结构化观察和访谈,与三个小组的成员属于不同的放射学和诊断成像组织。本研究的结果表明,当出勤与虚拟活动相结合时,学习文化、整合与合作、适当的物理环境、领导的支持和技术支持如何保证放射科医生群体和个人的组织学习,创造变革和颠覆性的路径。它得出结论,使用适当的实践有助于小组的学习。
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引用次数: 1
The influence of the financial logic in the National Quality Award 金融逻辑在国家质量奖评选中的影响
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/0104-530x5052-20
M. Fantti, J. Donadone
Abstract: The financialization process resulted in a change in the discourse of the actors involved in quality management, who began to incorporate concepts of financial logic as a way to meet the demands of shareholders capitalism and guarantee legitimacy. Thus, through a documentary research, we sought to investigate the influence of the financial logic in the National Quality Award, analyzing the versions of the Management Excellence Model used in the awards cycles and the companies awarded in the period from 1992 to 2016. The results demonstrated the incorporation of financial logic concepts in the versions of the Management Excellence Model; the predominance of award-winning companies from the electric energy sector, which have been privatized; the existence of board interlockings in the winning organizations; and presidents who have professional experience in financial areas and postgraduate degree in finance, which is the profile most demanded and valued in the finance conception of control.
摘要:金融化进程导致参与质量管理的行动者的话语发生变化,他们开始将金融逻辑的概念作为满足股东资本主义要求和保证合法性的一种方式。因此,通过文献研究,我们试图调查财务逻辑在国家质量奖中的影响,分析1992年至2016年期间奖项周期和获奖公司中使用的卓越管理模型版本。结果表明,在管理卓越模型的版本中纳入了财务逻辑概念;电力能源部门的获奖公司占主导地位,这些公司已被私有化;获胜组织中董事会连锁效应的存在;具有金融领域的专业经验和研究生学历的总裁,这是财务控制理念中最需要和最看重的形象。
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引用次数: 1
Effects of monetary policy transmission mechanism on car sales in Brazil after the real plan 货币政策传导机制对雷亚尔计划后巴西汽车销售的影响
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/0104-530x3780-20
Thiago R. Fernandes, Fabiano Dantas
Abstract The study aims to evaluate the effects of monetary policy transmission mechanism in car sales in Brazil, after the Real Plan. The representativeness of the auto industry in the Brazilian economy is significant. Therefore, to provide an analysis of the actions of monetary policies on car sales is essential to define schedules in the industry. Thus, the methodology been based on the use of Vector Auto Regressive (VAR) with a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), supported by econometric tests. The results showed that there is a relationship of monetary policy actions in car sales in Brazil.
摘要本研究旨在评估雷亚尔计划实施后货币政策传导机制对巴西汽车销售的影响。汽车工业在巴西经济中的代表性是显著的。因此,提供货币政策对汽车销售行为的分析对于确定行业时间表至关重要。因此,该方法是基于使用向量自动回归(VAR)和向量误差修正模型(VECM),并由计量经济学检验支持。结果表明,货币政策行为与巴西汽车销售存在一定的关系。
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引用次数: 1
Supply chain risk management and risk ranking in the automotive industry 汽车行业供应链风险管理与风险排序
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/0104-530x3800-20
Gabriela Costa Dias, C. T. Hernández, Ualison Rébula de Oliveira
Abstract Supply chain risk management (SCRM) has a strong influence on the cooperation among partners and the performance of the entire production chain. A supply chain designed to minimize risks enables firms to establish a competitive position and provides long-term benefits to stakeholders. The SCRM system should be structured to manage both routine and extraordinary risks, such as natural disasters and major accidents. The risks should be managed both reactively, by monitoring changes in the chain, the needs of customers, technology and the strategies of suppliers and competitors, among others, to enable quick reaction to events; and proactively, to identify risks and implement actions to prevent them or minimize their impacts. The basic risk management process consists of identifying, evaluating, mitigating and controlling risks. The objective of this paper is to analyze how a carmaker identifies and manages the risk factors in its supply chain. To achieve this aim, we performed a qualitative, applied and exploratory field study of a Brazilian automaker. The data were collected by structured interviews, and the analytic hierarchy process was applied to rank the risk factors, resulting in a risk matrix that can be an instrument for making decisions by the company studied.
供应链风险管理对合作伙伴之间的合作以及整个生产链的绩效有着重要的影响。旨在使风险最小化的供应链使企业能够建立竞争地位,并为利益相关者提供长期利益。SCRM体系应构建为既能管理常规风险,又能管理自然灾害、重大事故等特殊风险。应通过监测供应链的变化、客户的需求、技术以及供应商和竞争对手的战略等对风险进行反应性管理,以便对事件作出快速反应;积极主动地识别风险,并采取措施预防风险或将其影响降至最低。基本的风险管理过程包括识别、评价、减轻和控制风险。本文的目的是分析汽车制造商如何识别和管理其供应链中的风险因素。为了实现这一目标,我们对一家巴西汽车制造商进行了定性、应用和探索性的实地研究。通过结构化访谈收集数据,并应用层次分析法对风险因素进行排序,得出风险矩阵,该矩阵可作为被研究公司决策的工具。
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引用次数: 30
Location of ecopoints through integration p-medians model with geographical information system 利用p-中值模型与地理信息系统集成实现生态点的定位
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/0104-530x4011-20
J. Silva, Narciso Ferreira dos Santos Neto
Abstract: The configuration of logistics networks for waste oil and fats collection services is a strategic point of great importance, since their disposal contributes to a number of environmental disturbances, problems in sewage pipes and wastewater treatment systems. Starting from this premise, this paper proposes location of ecopoints in the city of Montes Claros-MG, capable of optimizing the collection of the waste oil and fats in all urban area of the municipality. This proposal of location was constructed in two stages: in the first, the collection network was constructed by integrating a location model of facilities with a geographic information system (GIS). It was possible to model a collection network in the city of Montes Claros - MG containing 87,748 points referenced by geographic coordinates and representatives of residential points considered as potential generators of these residues. During the creation of the model, due to the high density of the network and the low quantity of facilities (p), which causes limitation in the solution, it was observed the need for thematization of the map and consequently the network partitioning in zones, which allowed to determine the initial amount of installations that were to be found in the solution. Finally, an application in the native language of Transcad, GISDK, was developed with a programming interface that was developed to automate the process of integration of the model in the GIS. The model allowed the creation of 12 networks with densities below 12000 points, allowing gain in the solution of the problem.
摘要:废油和油脂收集服务的物流网络的配置是一个非常重要的战略点,因为它们的处置会导致许多环境干扰,污水管道和废水处理系统的问题。从这个前提出发,本文提出了在Montes Claros-MG市的生态点的位置,能够优化该市所有城市区域的废油和脂肪的收集。该选址方案分两个阶段构建:第一阶段,将设施选址模型与地理信息系统(GIS)相结合,构建收集网络。可以在蒙特克拉罗斯- MG市建立一个收集网络模型,其中包含87,748个由地理坐标参考的点和被认为是这些残留物潜在产生点的居住点代表。在创建模型期间,由于网络密度高,设施数量少(p),这导致了解决方案的局限性,因此观察到需要对地图进行主题化,从而将网络划分为区域,从而可以确定解决方案中要找到的初始安装数量。最后,利用Transcad本地语言GISDK开发了一个应用程序,并开发了一个编程接口,实现了模型在GIS中的集成过程的自动化。该模型允许创建12个密度低于12000点的网络,从而在解决问题时获得收益。
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引用次数: 3
Practices of knowledge management in organizational processes of town hall of the AMUSEP region: a research agenda 知识管理在亚欧地区市政厅组织过程中的实践:一个研究议程
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/0104-530x4669-20
A. G. B. D. C. Urpia, R. Sartori, Caio Pisconti Machado
Abstract: This article aims to diagnose the implementation level and coverage regarding of the Knowledge Management practices related to the organizational processes in the municipalities associated to AMUSEP - Municipalities Association of the North of Paraná. Thus, our work is a quantitative and descriptive research based on multiple case studies. We collected data through a questionnaires in Google Forms. The outcomes point out that those municipalities have both low effective level of implementation and low coverage of Knowledge Management practices associated to the organizational processes. This result is critical given the importance of these practices for public organizations, since they act as facilitators of the processes of Knowledge Management.
摘要:本文旨在诊断与组织流程相关的市级知识管理实践的实施水平和覆盖范围,这些实践与帕拉南北部的市政协会(AMUSEP)有关。因此,我们的工作是基于多个案例研究的定量和描述性研究。我们通过谷歌表格的问卷调查收集数据。研究结果指出,这些城市的有效实施水平低,与组织流程相关的知识管理实践覆盖率低。鉴于这些实践对公共组织的重要性,这个结果是至关重要的,因为它们是知识管理过程的促进者。
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引用次数: 0
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