Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.53797/agrotech.v1i2.2.2022
Mahaletchumy Krishnamoorthy, Shahidah Abdul Malek
The extensive use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture poses serious collateral problems such as environmental pollution, pest resistance development and food safety decline. Researches focused on developing organic fertilizers from waste to partially replace chemical fertilizer use is increasing due to the requirement of sustainable agriculture development. Therefore, a pot experiment was carried out to study the effect of organic fertilizer made from seaweed and shrimp waste in improving crop growth and soil pH in green mustards. Three treatments were set up: seaweed and shrimp waste fertilizer (SSF), organic fertilizer (OF) and chemical fertilizer (CF). Although the SSF treatment had the highest number of leaves and plant height, ANOVA showed no significant differences between the three treatments. Soil pH in the SS treatment (pH= 7.43) was also higher than OF (pH= 6.49) and CF (pH= 7.07) though no significant differences were observed. Therefore, the fertilizer produced using seaweed and shrimp waste is comparable to other organic and chemical fertilizer and is suitable for growing leafy vegetables. The production and use of organic fertilizers made from seaweed extract and shrimp head waste can be a new wave of organic fertilizer in promoting plant growth and increasing crop yields.
{"title":"Application of Seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii) Extract and Shrimp Waste as Biofertilizer for Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)","authors":"Mahaletchumy Krishnamoorthy, Shahidah Abdul Malek","doi":"10.53797/agrotech.v1i2.2.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53797/agrotech.v1i2.2.2022","url":null,"abstract":"The extensive use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture poses serious collateral problems such as environmental pollution, pest resistance development and food safety decline. Researches focused on developing organic fertilizers from waste to partially replace chemical fertilizer use is increasing due to the requirement of sustainable agriculture development. Therefore, a pot experiment was carried out to study the effect of organic fertilizer made from seaweed and shrimp waste in improving crop growth and soil pH in green mustards. Three treatments were set up: seaweed and shrimp waste fertilizer (SSF), organic fertilizer (OF) and chemical fertilizer (CF). Although the SSF treatment had the highest number of leaves and plant height, ANOVA showed no significant differences between the three treatments. Soil pH in the SS treatment (pH= 7.43) was also higher than OF (pH= 6.49) and CF (pH= 7.07) though no significant differences were observed. Therefore, the fertilizer produced using seaweed and shrimp waste is comparable to other organic and chemical fertilizer and is suitable for growing leafy vegetables. The production and use of organic fertilizers made from seaweed extract and shrimp head waste can be a new wave of organic fertilizer in promoting plant growth and increasing crop yields.","PeriodicalId":354164,"journal":{"name":"AgroTech Food Science, Technology and Environment","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132138900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.53797/agrotech.v1i2.4.2022
Rosma Che Nordin, A. Abdul Mutalib, Z. Ismail, Zahidah Ab Latif
A study was conducted to determine the effects of liquid organic fertilizers as well as boron (B) application on growth of Solanum Lycopersicon (tomato) in soilless culture media which was using cocopeat as growth media. There were 16 treatments with 5 replications, including Controls (unapplied and AB fertilizer), liquid organic fertilizers (fish amino acid [FAA] and shrimp extract [SE]) and B application. Each experiment was carried out for 8 weeks arranging in a factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) as an experimental design. Data were analyzed and the differences between treatments mean were compared using Tukey HSD test with significant level (P<0.05). Results showed that the treatments were significantly affected the plant height (F15,368 = 12.51, P ≤0.001) and number of leaves (F15,368 = 19.14, P ≤0.001). This study proved that the application of liquid organic fertilizers (FAA and shrimp extract) and B application can contribute positive effects on plant growth for certain parameters only. However, they can also be used as an alternative fertilizer to reduce the usage of chemical fertilizer.
{"title":"Effects of Liquid Organic Fertilizers and Boron Application on Growth of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in Soilless Media","authors":"Rosma Che Nordin, A. Abdul Mutalib, Z. Ismail, Zahidah Ab Latif","doi":"10.53797/agrotech.v1i2.4.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53797/agrotech.v1i2.4.2022","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to determine the effects of liquid organic fertilizers as well as boron (B) application on growth of Solanum Lycopersicon (tomato) in soilless culture media which was using cocopeat as growth media. There were 16 treatments with 5 replications, including Controls (unapplied and AB fertilizer), liquid organic fertilizers (fish amino acid [FAA] and shrimp extract [SE]) and B application. Each experiment was carried out for 8 weeks arranging in a factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) as an experimental design. Data were analyzed and the differences between treatments mean were compared using Tukey HSD test with significant level (P<0.05). Results showed that the treatments were significantly affected the plant height (F15,368 = 12.51, P ≤0.001) and number of leaves (F15,368 = 19.14, P ≤0.001). This study proved that the application of liquid organic fertilizers (FAA and shrimp extract) and B application can contribute positive effects on plant growth for certain parameters only. However, they can also be used as an alternative fertilizer to reduce the usage of chemical fertilizer.","PeriodicalId":354164,"journal":{"name":"AgroTech Food Science, Technology and Environment","volume":"219 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115214727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.53797/agrotech.v1i2.3.2022
Farrah Aizan Ajis, A. Abdul Mutalib, Z. Ismail, Zahidah Ab Latif
Excessive consumption of chemical fertilizers in recent years have increased throughout the world, causing serious environmental problems. This research can minimize the usage of chemical fertilizers and reduce the waste management. Hence, the aim of this study is to determine the effects of biochar and banana peel application on growth performance of Cosmos caudatus. The plants were treated by 100 g biochar, 100 g banana peel, the mixture of 50 g biochar and 50 g banana peel and control with five replications as treatments. The research was conducted by using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The data was analysed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and the differences between treatments mean were compared using Tukey test with significant level (P≤0.05). The growth parameters measured were shoot length, root length, soil pH and number of leaves. The results suggested that the shoot length and number of leaves for all the treatments were significantly higher compared to the control. All the treatments also showed a significantly higher root length compared to the control except 100 g banana peel treatment. There were no significant changes in soil pH for all the treatments. Hence, the study showed that biochar and banana peel gave significant effects on Cosmos caudatus growth.
近年来，化肥的过度消耗在世界范围内有所增加，造成了严重的环境问题。这项研究可以最大限度地减少化肥的使用，减少废物管理。因此，本研究的目的是确定生物炭和香蕉皮施用对尾螺生长性能的影响。采用100 g生物炭+ 100 g香蕉皮、50 g生物炭+ 50 g香蕉皮的混合处理和对照处理，共5个重复。采用随机完全块设计(RCBD)进行研究。数据采用方差分析(ANOVA)、SPSS统计软件包(Statistical Package for The Social Sciences)进行分析，处理均数间差异采用Tukey检验，P≤0.05。测定的生长参数为茎长、根长、土壤pH和叶片数。结果表明，各处理的茎长和叶片数均显著高于对照。除100 g香蕉皮处理外，其余处理的根长均显著高于对照。各处理土壤pH值均无显著变化。因此，研究表明，生物炭和香蕉皮对宇宙尾状体的生长有显著影响。
{"title":"Effects of Biochar and Banana Peel Application on Ulam Raja (Cosmos caudatus) Growth","authors":"Farrah Aizan Ajis, A. Abdul Mutalib, Z. Ismail, Zahidah Ab Latif","doi":"10.53797/agrotech.v1i2.3.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53797/agrotech.v1i2.3.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive consumption of chemical fertilizers in recent years have increased throughout the world, causing serious environmental problems. This research can minimize the usage of chemical fertilizers and reduce the waste management. Hence, the aim of this study is to determine the effects of biochar and banana peel application on growth performance of Cosmos caudatus. The plants were treated by 100 g biochar, 100 g banana peel, the mixture of 50 g biochar and 50 g banana peel and control with five replications as treatments. The research was conducted by using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The data was analysed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and the differences between treatments mean were compared using Tukey test with significant level (P≤0.05). The growth parameters measured were shoot length, root length, soil pH and number of leaves. The results suggested that the shoot length and number of leaves for all the treatments were significantly higher compared to the control. All the treatments also showed a significantly higher root length compared to the control except 100 g banana peel treatment. There were no significant changes in soil pH for all the treatments. Hence, the study showed that biochar and banana peel gave significant effects on Cosmos caudatus growth.","PeriodicalId":354164,"journal":{"name":"AgroTech Food Science, Technology and Environment","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126114376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.53797/agrotech.v1i2.1.2022
E. A. Azman, Roesnita Ismail, S. Jusop
A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of liming materials on the growth of rice under rainshelter conditions and MR 219 rice variety was used in this experiment. The treatments were: 1) T1, no application of lime, 2) T2, 4 t ha-1 of ground magnesium limestone (GML), 3) T3, 2 t ha-1 of hydrated lime, 4) T4, 20 L ha-1 of liquid lime. It was found that the application of 4 t ha-1 of GML had produced the highest rice yield of 8.2 t ha-1. The result showed that as panicle length increase, spikelet per panicle also increases. Relative rice yield is negatively correlated with the soil pH, and this indicates that as soil acidity increase (observed with pH between 2 to 3), the rice yield decrease and vice versa. At harvest, the soil pH exceeded 6 for all the treatment. It was also observed that as soil exchangeable Ca increase, soil pH also increases. Among the treatment, soil treated with 2 t ha-1 of hydrated lime gave the highest exchangeable Ca in the soil of 11.86 cmolc kg-1 soil with Ca concentration of 0.12% in the root. It was observed that liming increases soil pH and exchangeable cations in the soil. Therefore, liming is essential to ameliorate the acid sulfate soils for rice cultivation.
以mr219水稻品种为研究对象，研究了施用石灰材料对遮雨条件下水稻生长的影响。处理为:1)T1，不施用石灰，2)T2，磨碎镁灰岩(GML) 4 t ha-1, 3) T3，水合石灰2 t ha-1, 4) T4，液石灰20 L ha-1。结果表明，施用4 t hm -1的水稻产量最高，达8.2 t hm -1。结果表明，随着穗长增加，每穗颖花数也增加。水稻相对产量与土壤pH呈负相关，表明随着土壤酸度的增加(pH值在2 ~ 3之间)，水稻产量下降，反之亦然。收获时，所有处理的土壤pH值均超过6。随着土壤交换性钙的增加，土壤pH值也随之增加。其中，2 t hm -1水合石灰处理土壤的交换性钙最高，为11.86 cmolc kg-1，根部钙浓度为0.12%。石灰处理使土壤pH值和交换性阳离子增加。因此，施用石灰是改良硫酸酸性土壤的必要措施。
{"title":"Effects of Various Liming Materials on the Growth of Rice under Rainshelter Condition","authors":"E. A. Azman, Roesnita Ismail, S. Jusop","doi":"10.53797/agrotech.v1i2.1.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53797/agrotech.v1i2.1.2022","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of liming materials on the growth of rice under rainshelter conditions and MR 219 rice variety was used in this experiment. The treatments were: 1) T1, no application of lime, 2) T2, 4 t ha-1 of ground magnesium limestone (GML), 3) T3, 2 t ha-1 of hydrated lime, 4) T4, 20 L ha-1 of liquid lime. It was found that the application of 4 t ha-1 of GML had produced the highest rice yield of 8.2 t ha-1. The result showed that as panicle length increase, spikelet per panicle also increases. Relative rice yield is negatively correlated with the soil pH, and this indicates that as soil acidity increase (observed with pH between 2 to 3), the rice yield decrease and vice versa. At harvest, the soil pH exceeded 6 for all the treatment. It was also observed that as soil exchangeable Ca increase, soil pH also increases. Among the treatment, soil treated with 2 t ha-1 of hydrated lime gave the highest exchangeable Ca in the soil of 11.86 cmolc kg-1 soil with Ca concentration of 0.12% in the root. It was observed that liming increases soil pH and exchangeable cations in the soil. Therefore, liming is essential to ameliorate the acid sulfate soils for rice cultivation.","PeriodicalId":354164,"journal":{"name":"AgroTech Food Science, Technology and Environment","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129986261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.53797/agrotech.v1i1.8.2022
Habibullah Faizy, A. Azimi, S. Alam, Z. Safari, A. Atif
Foodborne illness is one of the most widespread health problems in the world. In addition, the food safety of poultry products remains a severe problem in many countries around the world. Like in many other countries, the government handles the development of food safety standards in Afghanistan. The poultry industry in Afghanistan has been under dynamic and progressive development. Despite the advances in the poultry industry in Afghanistan, the issues of foodborne pathogens, drug and chemical residues remain. Meat inspection at poultry processing plants has been successful but has certain limitations. More importantly, drugs, pesticides, mycotoxins and other chemical residues must be monitored in poultry meat and eggs. This work must be carried out in close collaboration with human and environmental health professionals, analysts, epidemiologists, food producers, processors and traders. Poultry veterinarians and the Afghanistan Veterinary Organization, International Veterinary Organization (IVO) should play a decision-making role in developing the poultry industry. Poultry veterinarians and IVO have a dual responsibility; epidemiological surveillance of poultry diseases and ensuring the safety of meat and eggs. Through their presence on farms and appropriate collaboration with farmers, poultry veterinarians play a crucial role in ensuring that birds are kept under hygienic conditions, especially conditions with public health significance. Slaughterhouse inspection of live birds (ante mortem) and the carcass (post-mortem) plays a key role in the surveillance network for poultry diseases and zoonosis and ensures the safety of poultry meat.
{"title":"Food Safety Status on Poultry Meat and Egg in Afghanistan","authors":"Habibullah Faizy, A. Azimi, S. Alam, Z. Safari, A. Atif","doi":"10.53797/agrotech.v1i1.8.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53797/agrotech.v1i1.8.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Foodborne illness is one of the most widespread health problems in the world. In addition, the food safety of poultry products remains a severe problem in many countries around the world. Like in many other countries, the government handles the development of food safety standards in Afghanistan. The poultry industry in Afghanistan has been under dynamic and progressive development. Despite the advances in the poultry industry in Afghanistan, the issues of foodborne pathogens, drug and chemical residues remain. Meat inspection at poultry processing plants has been successful but has certain limitations. More importantly, drugs, pesticides, mycotoxins and other chemical residues must be monitored in poultry meat and eggs. This work must be carried out in close collaboration with human and environmental health professionals, analysts, epidemiologists, food producers, processors and traders. Poultry veterinarians and the Afghanistan Veterinary Organization, International Veterinary Organization (IVO) should play a decision-making role in developing the poultry industry. Poultry veterinarians and IVO have a dual responsibility; epidemiological surveillance of poultry diseases and ensuring the safety of meat and eggs. Through their presence on farms and appropriate collaboration with farmers, poultry veterinarians play a crucial role in ensuring that birds are kept under hygienic conditions, especially conditions with public health significance. Slaughterhouse inspection of live birds (ante mortem) and the carcass (post-mortem) plays a key role in the surveillance network for poultry diseases and zoonosis and ensures the safety of poultry meat.","PeriodicalId":354164,"journal":{"name":"AgroTech Food Science, Technology and Environment","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132150108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.53797/agrotech.v1i1.5.2021
Nurhidayah Assyahadah Adnan, Maizura Mazlan
Many cities becoming unsustainable due to the massive volumes of unrecycled municipal garbage that end up in suburban landfills. Our culture, on the other hand, appears to be generating trash in an almost inevitable manner. However, in the recent years, the merits of using salvaged and upcycled materials are started to be addressed in the landscape design and recently arose in the hardscape construction. This highlights the importance of educating people, raising awareness and promoting a better way of dealing with solid waste. Based on studies conducted in Taman Samudera, Seri Manjung, Perak, this paper attempts to analyze the user perception on the waste utilization for the upcycled garden design. This quantitative research was conducted in two phases; Phase 1; to study the user awareness, user acceptance and user preference on the upcycling hardscape and Phase 2; to propose a landscape master plan of the upcycled garden. The respondent (n=92) involved in this study are the residents of Taman Samudera, Seri Manjung, Perak. It shows that most of the respondents were aware and accepted the use of recycled materials in the upcycled garden. The finding indicates that the highest mean score for preferred recycled material used for hardscape construction were plastic bottles, tyres, and Compact Discs were suitable to be included in the master plan of the upcycled garden. The proposed Upcycled Garden at Taman Samudera, Seri Manjung, Perak will be a valuable recreational area that is environmental friendly while educating the public tackling the serious issues of poor recycling rates and waste management in Malaysia.
由于大量未回收的城市垃圾最终被填埋在郊区的垃圾填埋场，许多城市变得不可持续。另一方面，我们的文化似乎以一种几乎不可避免的方式产生垃圾。然而，近年来，利用回收和再生材料的优点开始在景观设计中得到重视，最近在硬景观建设中也出现了。这突出了教育人民、提高认识和促进以更好的方式处理固体废物的重要性。本文基于在霹雳州的Taman Samudera, Seri Manjung, Perak的研究，试图分析用户对垃圾利用的感知，用于升级再造花园的设计。本定量研究分两个阶段进行;阶段1;研究用户对升级再造硬件环境和第二阶段的认知度、接受度和偏好;提出升级再造花园的景观总体规划。参与这项研究的调查对象(n=92)是霹雳州斯里曼jung的Taman Samudera居民。这显示大部分受访者都知道并接受在升级再造花园使用回收物料。研究结果表明，用于硬景观建设的首选回收材料的平均得分最高的是塑料瓶、轮胎和光盘，它们适合纳入升级回收花园的总体规划。拟建的“升级花园”位于霹雳州士里曼jung的Taman Samudera，将是一个有价值的环保休闲区，同时教育公众解决马来西亚低回收率和废物管理的严重问题。
{"title":"User Perception on The Waste Utilization in The Upcycled Garden Design at Taman Samudera, Seri Manjung Perak","authors":"Nurhidayah Assyahadah Adnan, Maizura Mazlan","doi":"10.53797/agrotech.v1i1.5.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53797/agrotech.v1i1.5.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Many cities becoming unsustainable due to the massive volumes of unrecycled municipal garbage that end up in suburban landfills. Our culture, on the other hand, appears to be generating trash in an almost inevitable manner. However, in the recent years, the merits of using salvaged and upcycled materials are started to be addressed in the landscape design and recently arose in the hardscape construction. This highlights the importance of educating people, raising awareness and promoting a better way of dealing with solid waste. Based on studies conducted in Taman Samudera, Seri Manjung, Perak, this paper attempts to analyze the user perception on the waste utilization for the upcycled garden design. This quantitative research was conducted in two phases; Phase 1; to study the user awareness, user acceptance and user preference on the upcycling hardscape and Phase 2; to propose a landscape master plan of the upcycled garden. The respondent (n=92) involved in this study are the residents of Taman Samudera, Seri Manjung, Perak. It shows that most of the respondents were aware and accepted the use of recycled materials in the upcycled garden. The finding indicates that the highest mean score for preferred recycled material used for hardscape construction were plastic bottles, tyres, and Compact Discs were suitable to be included in the master plan of the upcycled garden. The proposed Upcycled Garden at Taman Samudera, Seri Manjung, Perak will be a valuable recreational area that is environmental friendly while educating the public tackling the serious issues of poor recycling rates and waste management in Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":354164,"journal":{"name":"AgroTech Food Science, Technology and Environment","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134067895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.53797/agrotech.v1i1.2.2021
Ryn Brenda Junaidy, S. Shahruddin
Chilli seeds are always associated with physiological dormancy characteristics or endogenous dormancy that has affected their germination potential. Problems noticed on the low seed germination rate, vigour growth, further may lead to the poor seedling growth pattern of chilli crop production. Gibberellic Acid (GA3) which is usually used as a treatment solution is not a new advent of seed dormancy breaking methods for chilli. But, looking forwards to a better GA3 concentration is still needed for the discovery of this treatment potential effect on chilli seed germinability and seedling growth. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different GA3 concentrations on seed emergence and seedling growth performance in chilli. In this experiment, chilli seeds were imbibed with 25 mg/L, 75 mg/L and 125 mg/L concentration of GA3 with three replications each; for 24 hours at room temperature (32±4°C) and the untreated seeds as a control. The data collection on final germination percentage was taken daily for 21 days after sowing. While the 15 germinated seeds were directly planted on the 5 polybags arranged in the net house of Junaidy Jonik Farm, Sabah, Malaysia. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. Data were subjected to analysis of variance with SAS version 9.4 and the significant means were separated by the least significant difference test at P<0.05. Significant differences were observed in the seed germinability measured; germination rate index (GRI), mean germination time (MGT) and final germination percentage (FGP), as well as on seedling vigour index (SVI) between treated and control seeds. Conversely, plant height, number of internodes, number of leaves and fresh weight of seedlings showed no significant differences among treatments. It was concluded that the use of GA3 was able to enhance chilli seeds germinability and could display a better SVI than the control. It is recommended to use GA3 treatment at 25 mg/L of concentration, as it may give an advantage to both economic and biological importance in producing higher germinability and seedling growth performance in chilli.
辣椒种子通常与生理休眠或内源休眠有关，而内源休眠影响了辣椒种子的萌发潜力。辣椒种子发芽率低、生长力差等问题可能会导致辣椒作物的幼苗生长模式不佳。赤霉素(GA3)是一种常用的处理溶液，并不是一种新的辣椒种子休眠打破方法。但是，还需要一个更好的GA3浓度来发现该处理对辣椒种子萌发和幼苗生长的潜在影响。因此，本研究旨在评价不同浓度GA3对辣椒种子出苗及幼苗生长性能的影响。本试验以25 mg/L、75 mg/L和125 mg/L浓度的GA3浸渍辣椒种子，每3个重复;在室温(32±4℃)下放置24小时，并将未处理的种子作为对照。播种后21 d，每天采集最终发芽率数据。而15颗发芽的种子则直接种植在马来西亚沙巴州Junaidy Jonik农场网屋里布置的5个塑料袋上。试验采用完全随机设计，设3个重复。数据采用SAS version 9.4进行方差分析，采用P<0.05的最小显著性差异检验分离显著均值。不同种子的发芽率差异有统计学意义;发芽率指数(GRI)、平均发芽时间(MGT)和最终发芽率(FGP)，以及幼苗活力指数(SVI)。相反，株高、节间数、叶片数和幼苗鲜重在处理间无显著差异。综上所述，GA3能提高辣椒种子的萌发能力，并能表现出较好的SVI。建议使用浓度为25 mg/L的GA3处理，在经济和生物学上都有优势，可以提高辣椒的发芽率和幼苗生长性能。
{"title":"Germinability and Seedling Growth Performance of Chilli (Capsicum annuum) Seeds in Response to Different Gibberellic Acid Concentrations Pre-Treatment","authors":"Ryn Brenda Junaidy, S. Shahruddin","doi":"10.53797/agrotech.v1i1.2.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53797/agrotech.v1i1.2.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Chilli seeds are always associated with physiological dormancy characteristics or endogenous dormancy that has affected their germination potential. Problems noticed on the low seed germination rate, vigour growth, further may lead to the poor seedling growth pattern of chilli crop production. Gibberellic Acid (GA3) which is usually used as a treatment solution is not a new advent of seed dormancy breaking methods for chilli. But, looking forwards to a better GA3 concentration is still needed for the discovery of this treatment potential effect on chilli seed germinability and seedling growth. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different GA3 concentrations on seed emergence and seedling growth performance in chilli. In this experiment, chilli seeds were imbibed with 25 mg/L, 75 mg/L and 125 mg/L concentration of GA3 with three replications each; for 24 hours at room temperature (32±4°C) and the untreated seeds as a control. The data collection on final germination percentage was taken daily for 21 days after sowing. While the 15 germinated seeds were directly planted on the 5 polybags arranged in the net house of Junaidy Jonik Farm, Sabah, Malaysia. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. Data were subjected to analysis of variance with SAS version 9.4 and the significant means were separated by the least significant difference test at P<0.05. Significant differences were observed in the seed germinability measured; germination rate index (GRI), mean germination time (MGT) and final germination percentage (FGP), as well as on seedling vigour index (SVI) between treated and control seeds. Conversely, plant height, number of internodes, number of leaves and fresh weight of seedlings showed no significant differences among treatments. It was concluded that the use of GA3 was able to enhance chilli seeds germinability and could display a better SVI than the control. It is recommended to use GA3 treatment at 25 mg/L of concentration, as it may give an advantage to both economic and biological importance in producing higher germinability and seedling growth performance in chilli.","PeriodicalId":354164,"journal":{"name":"AgroTech Food Science, Technology and Environment","volume":"377 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123713189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.53797/agrotech.v1i1.3.2021
Muhammad Nasrul Hazzeem Ab Rauf, S. Shahruddin
Rockmelon (Cucumis melo L.) belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family, which can adapt to various soil and climate areas, especially in Malaysia. The production of rockmelon in Malaysia has highly declined, and for this reason, farmers have opted to use the concept of soilless cultivation due to it benefits accrued from soilless media such as cocopeat, perlite, and burnt rice husk. The study was carried out to determine the effect of different growing media on the physical morphology of rockmelon seedlings. This experiment was set up using RCBD arrangements with four replications. Different growing media used were: (i) 100% Black Soil (BS), (ii) 75% cocopeat + 15% burnt rice husk + 10% perlite (M1) and (iii) 75% cocopeat + 20% burnt rice husk + 5% perlite (M2). The parameters measured were plant height, number of leaves and total leaves area, and stem girth. The data were collected within two weeks after transplanting. The parameters measured were subjected to ANOVA and LSD was applied to compare means. In this study, rockmelon seedlings treated on BS showed significantly (P<0.001) the highest plant height, number of leaves per plant, and total leaves area and stem girth. Seedlings on soilless M1, however, grew in slightly good conditions, as it showed the insignificantly higher values on morphological parameters measured. Thus, BS is still suitable for better use of media for 15 days old rockmelon seedlings (after transplanting). It gives the optimum conditions for adapting seedlings to the new exposure environment.
{"title":"The Effect of Different Growing Media on Physical Morphology of Rockmelon (Cucumis Melo Linn cv. Glamour) Seedling","authors":"Muhammad Nasrul Hazzeem Ab Rauf, S. Shahruddin","doi":"10.53797/agrotech.v1i1.3.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53797/agrotech.v1i1.3.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Rockmelon (Cucumis melo L.) belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family, which can adapt to various soil and climate areas, especially in Malaysia. The production of rockmelon in Malaysia has highly declined, and for this reason, farmers have opted to use the concept of soilless cultivation due to it benefits accrued from soilless media such as cocopeat, perlite, and burnt rice husk. The study was carried out to determine the effect of different growing media on the physical morphology of rockmelon seedlings. This experiment was set up using RCBD arrangements with four replications. Different growing media used were: (i) 100% Black Soil (BS), (ii) 75% cocopeat + 15% burnt rice husk + 10% perlite (M1) and (iii) 75% cocopeat + 20% burnt rice husk + 5% perlite (M2). The parameters measured were plant height, number of leaves and total leaves area, and stem girth. The data were collected within two weeks after transplanting. The parameters measured were subjected to ANOVA and LSD was applied to compare means. In this study, rockmelon seedlings treated on BS showed significantly (P<0.001) the highest plant height, number of leaves per plant, and total leaves area and stem girth. Seedlings on soilless M1, however, grew in slightly good conditions, as it showed the insignificantly higher values on morphological parameters measured. Thus, BS is still suitable for better use of media for 15 days old rockmelon seedlings (after transplanting). It gives the optimum conditions for adapting seedlings to the new exposure environment.","PeriodicalId":354164,"journal":{"name":"AgroTech Food Science, Technology and Environment","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114441848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.53797/agrotech.v1i1.7.2021
Dayang Nur Hidayah Abg Muis, Azimah Hamidon, N. Tajidin, Z. Safari
Overfertilization on leafy vegetables could accumulate high nitrate content. Exceeded recommended limit of nitrate content can cause detrimental effects on the environment and human health, such as methemoglobinemia and stomach cancer. Green coral lettuce (GCL) is a leafy vegetable commonly grown under various production systems. Production system and physiological age have affected the growth and accumulation of nitrate levels in most leafy vegetables. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effects of hydroponic and conventional production on the growth performance and nitrate concentration of GCL at different harvest ages. This research was conducted in a randomized complete block design with a factorial arrangement of treatments. A stagnant hydroponic was prepared using stock A and B complete Hoagland nutrient solutions as liquid fertilizer. A commercial biofertilizer (NPK 8: 8: 8) was applied at the rate of 100 g per plant. Plant growth performance, including plant height, number of leaves, and leaf length, was measured at 7, 14, 21, 28, 31, 34, 41, and 44 days after transplanting (DAT). The fresh weight and nitrate content were measured at 31, 34, 41, and 44 DAT. The results showed hydroponic GCL exhibited higher plant height than conventional GCL. However, both productions were not significantly affected regarding the number of leaves, leaf length, and fresh weight. At 41 and 44 DAT, the hydroponic GCL was markedly higher in nitrate content than conventional. This study found that conventional production was recommended for GCL because lower in nitrate content compared to hydroponic and fair in growth performance.
叶类蔬菜过量施肥会积累较高的硝酸盐含量。硝酸盐含量超过建议限量会对环境和人体健康造成不利影响，如高铁血红蛋白血症和胃癌。绿珊瑚莴苣(GCL)是一种叶状蔬菜，通常在各种生产制度下种植。生产制度和生理年龄对大多数叶菜的生长和硝酸盐水平积累有影响。因此，本研究旨在确定水培和常规生产对不同采收期GCL生长性能和硝酸盐浓度的影响。本研究采用随机完全区组设计，采用治疗因子安排。以A、B两种完全的霍格兰营养液为液体肥料，制备了一种停滞式水培。每株施用100 g商业生物肥料(NPK 8:8:8)。在移栽后7、14、21、28、31、34、41和44 d (DAT)测量植株的生长性能，包括株高、叶数和叶长。分别在31、34、41和44个DAT测定鲜重和硝酸盐含量。结果表明，水培GCL的株高高于常规GCL。然而，在叶数、叶长和鲜重方面，两种产量均无显著影响。在41和44 DAT时，水培GCL的硝酸盐含量明显高于常规GCL。本研究发现，与水培相比，常规生产的硝酸盐含量较低，生长性能一般，因此推荐采用常规生产。
{"title":"Effect of Hydroponic and Conventional Production Systems on Plant Growth Performance and Nitrate Content of Green Coral Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. Crispa)","authors":"Dayang Nur Hidayah Abg Muis, Azimah Hamidon, N. Tajidin, Z. Safari","doi":"10.53797/agrotech.v1i1.7.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53797/agrotech.v1i1.7.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Overfertilization on leafy vegetables could accumulate high nitrate content. Exceeded recommended limit of nitrate content can cause detrimental effects on the environment and human health, such as methemoglobinemia and stomach cancer. Green coral lettuce (GCL) is a leafy vegetable commonly grown under various production systems. Production system and physiological age have affected the growth and accumulation of nitrate levels in most leafy vegetables. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effects of hydroponic and conventional production on the growth performance and nitrate concentration of GCL at different harvest ages. This research was conducted in a randomized complete block design with a factorial arrangement of treatments. A stagnant hydroponic was prepared using stock A and B complete Hoagland nutrient solutions as liquid fertilizer. A commercial biofertilizer (NPK 8: 8: 8) was applied at the rate of 100 g per plant. Plant growth performance, including plant height, number of leaves, and leaf length, was measured at 7, 14, 21, 28, 31, 34, 41, and 44 days after transplanting (DAT). The fresh weight and nitrate content were measured at 31, 34, 41, and 44 DAT. The results showed hydroponic GCL exhibited higher plant height than conventional GCL. However, both productions were not significantly affected regarding the number of leaves, leaf length, and fresh weight. At 41 and 44 DAT, the hydroponic GCL was markedly higher in nitrate content than conventional. This study found that conventional production was recommended for GCL because lower in nitrate content compared to hydroponic and fair in growth performance.","PeriodicalId":354164,"journal":{"name":"AgroTech Food Science, Technology and Environment","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126784215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.53797/agrotech.v1i1.4.2021
Nur Annisa Basiron, Maizura Mazlan, Salisu Monsuru Adenkunle
The Malaysian Government implemented stringent containment measures to avoid the spread of COVID-19, including social isolation and the closure of businesses and schools. Although these steps are necessary to prevent the virus from spreading, many voices have raised concerns about their possible effects on the agri-food system. Therefore, this study aims to identify the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on fresh farm consumption among consumers in Alor Gajah, Melaka. This study was guided by the following research objectives: (i) to investigate the impacts of Covid-19 pandemic on consumer attitudes and behaviours on food consumption at Alor Gajah. (ii) to find out the implications of the closure of Covid-19 on food security in Alor Gajah, Melaka. Besides, this study uses quantitative methods involving (n=154) residents in the district of Alor Gajah, Melaka. The research data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Descriptive analysis was used, and the result shows that the food consumption behaviour changes during the Covid-19 pandemic especially on the fresh farm produce. The findings may provide information for the local government to develop a framework that will help to address the shortage of fresh agriculture products that were affected by the pandemic at Alor Gajah, Melaka. It will also help to prepare for an unexpected future crisis by building on existing emergency plans as well as long-term food-related strategies.
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