Parents’ knowledge and expectations towards antibiotics use for children’s Upper Respiratory Tract Infections are contributing factors of antibiotics misuse and the latter leads to the antimicrobial resistance. Thus, this study aimed at assessing parents’ knowledge, attitudes and practices on antibiotics use for childhood URTIs in Kicukiro District, Rwanda. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire for data collection from a sample size of 384 parents of under 12 years of age children attending selected Health Centers in Kicukiro District. (SPPS) version 21 was used for data analysis; Chi-square test and regression analysis were used to examine the association between dependent and independent variables. The study findings indicated that 88.5% of parents were female, 39.6% aged from 25 to 34 years, 81.8% were married, 42.2% completed secondary education, 50% had 2 to 4 children and 57% were in economic class 2. Only 23.2% of parents had high level of knowledge of antibiotics; 40.1% had positive attitudes and 62% had poor practices towards antibiotics use for childhood URTIs. Employed parents with increased level of education, in higher economic position demonstrated good practices towards antibiotics use. Parents’ high level of knowledge and positive attitudes regarding antibiotics use had also good practices on antibiotics with AOR=13.371, 95% CI= [3.604-49.617], p<0.001, and AOR=0.309, 95% CI=[0.96-0.489], p<0.001 respectively, compared to their corresponding counterparts. In conclusion, majority of parents in Kicukiro District had low level of knowledge of antibiotic use, negative attitudes towards antibiotic use and poor practices towards antibiotics utilization for childhood URTIs. Factors associated with good parental practices towards ABs use for children’s URTIs include having 5 or more children, higher education, employment, high economic class, high knowledge of antibiotics and positive attitudes towards ABs use. Health education for parents should be urgently done to reduce antibiotics misuse by raising awareness on their indications of antibiotics, side effects and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Keywords: Antibiotics, Attitudes and Knowledge, Children, Misuse, Parents, Kicukiro District, Rwanda
{"title":"Parental Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on Antibiotics use for Childhood Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Kicukiro District, Rwanda","authors":"","doi":"10.53819/81018102t5062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t5062","url":null,"abstract":"Parents’ knowledge and expectations towards antibiotics use for children’s Upper Respiratory Tract Infections are contributing factors of antibiotics misuse and the latter leads to the antimicrobial resistance. Thus, this study aimed at assessing parents’ knowledge, attitudes and practices on antibiotics use for childhood URTIs in Kicukiro District, Rwanda. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire for data collection from a sample size of 384 parents of under 12 years of age children attending selected Health Centers in Kicukiro District. (SPPS) version 21 was used for data analysis; Chi-square test and regression analysis were used to examine the association between dependent and independent variables. The study findings indicated that 88.5% of parents were female, 39.6% aged from 25 to 34 years, 81.8% were married, 42.2% completed secondary education, 50% had 2 to 4 children and 57% were in economic class 2. Only 23.2% of parents had high level of knowledge of antibiotics; 40.1% had positive attitudes and 62% had poor practices towards antibiotics use for childhood URTIs. Employed parents with increased level of education, in higher economic position demonstrated good practices towards antibiotics use. Parents’ high level of knowledge and positive attitudes regarding antibiotics use had also good practices on antibiotics with AOR=13.371, 95% CI= [3.604-49.617], p<0.001, and AOR=0.309, 95% CI=[0.96-0.489], p<0.001 respectively, compared to their corresponding counterparts. In conclusion, majority of parents in Kicukiro District had low level of knowledge of antibiotic use, negative attitudes towards antibiotic use and poor practices towards antibiotics utilization for childhood URTIs. Factors associated with good parental practices towards ABs use for children’s URTIs include having 5 or more children, higher education, employment, high economic class, high knowledge of antibiotics and positive attitudes towards ABs use. Health education for parents should be urgently done to reduce antibiotics misuse by raising awareness on their indications of antibiotics, side effects and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Keywords: Antibiotics, Attitudes and Knowledge, Children, Misuse, Parents, Kicukiro District, Rwanda","PeriodicalId":354548,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Nursing & Public Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129653842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explored the predictors of smoking initiation among the youth by focusing at 116,637 youths aged 12-34 years in Kiambaa Sub-County. A sample size of 384 youths was calculated using Fishers Formula. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the youth. Logit model was used to evaluate association between the smoking predictors and smoking initiation among youth in Kiambaa Sub County. It was found that 58.5 percent of the youth ever smoked. Most youth first smoked at the average age 17 years. The significant social economic factors that predict smoking initiation among youth in Kiambaa Sub County include gender, age, educational attainment by parent/guardian, marital status and family size while the significant psychosocial risk factors include use of alcohol and drugs, peer influence, awareness level and self-esteem. The study concludes that the significant predictors of smoking initiation among youth in Kiambaa Sub County fall under two categories; social economic and psychosocial risk factors. There is need for sensitization and educational campaigns among youth on the dangers of smoking in form of seminars, workshops by the county government in conjunction with youth groups and NACADA, widespread sensitization and education against smoking through the mainstream media including radio stations, televisions, social media and newspapers. Parents and guardians should also be role models to the youth and avoid smoking in the presence of children or young people. Educational institutions including schools, colleges and rehabilitation centers need to further create awareness among youth on the dangers associated with smoking. Keywords: Smoking, Initiation, Youth, Smoking Predictors
{"title":"Predictors of Smoking Initiation among the Youth In Kiambaa Sub County, Kiambu County","authors":"S. Wangui, L. Barasa","doi":"10.53819/81018102t6013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t6013","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored the predictors of smoking initiation among the youth by focusing at 116,637 youths aged 12-34 years in Kiambaa Sub-County. A sample size of 384 youths was calculated using Fishers Formula. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the youth. Logit model was used to evaluate association between the smoking predictors and smoking initiation among youth in Kiambaa Sub County. It was found that 58.5 percent of the youth ever smoked. Most youth first smoked at the average age 17 years. The significant social economic factors that predict smoking initiation among youth in Kiambaa Sub County include gender, age, educational attainment by parent/guardian, marital status and family size while the significant psychosocial risk factors include use of alcohol and drugs, peer influence, awareness level and self-esteem. The study concludes that the significant predictors of smoking initiation among youth in Kiambaa Sub County fall under two categories; social economic and psychosocial risk factors. There is need for sensitization and educational campaigns among youth on the dangers of smoking in form of seminars, workshops by the county government in conjunction with youth groups and NACADA, widespread sensitization and education against smoking through the mainstream media including radio stations, televisions, social media and newspapers. Parents and guardians should also be role models to the youth and avoid smoking in the presence of children or young people. Educational institutions including schools, colleges and rehabilitation centers need to further create awareness among youth on the dangers associated with smoking. Keywords: Smoking, Initiation, Youth, Smoking Predictors","PeriodicalId":354548,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Nursing & Public Health","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127831296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to understand and describe the lived experiences of parents raising children with autism and to compare how the experiences of each parent differed from the other. The research aimed to provide insight into how parents with children with autism experienced the pre-diagnostic phase, how they were able to cope up with their activities of daily living and other concerns related to the future of their child. The study provided an understanding of the condition parents with a child with autism are in, and points out their greatest needs, which include the need for information regarding autism and emotional support. Nurses after knowing the challenges parents and the child with autism go through will be more sensitive and therapeutic when rendering care. The support that nurses extended will be more appreciated by parents with a child with autism, especially during their vulnerable times. Finally due to the limited knowledge parents have at the time of diagnosis nurses will be there to educate parents on the nature of the disorder and to answer their concerns. Nurses together with other health care providers should focus on creating therapeutic relationships with parents with a child with autism to open up channels for interaction and sharing of vital information. This way parents will be comfortable to open up their fears and their struggles with ease that will aid in giving relevant interventions. To be able to provide quality care in public schools, the government should work on improving the working condition of teachers by employing more teachers who meet the need of the enrolled students. More classrooms should be opened and more teachers trained to help children with autism. Keywords: Experience of Parents, Children with Autism, Mandaue City, Philippines
{"title":"Experience of Parents with Children with Autism in Mandaue City, Philippines","authors":"Valerie Chepngetich, Chepketer Ng'eno, P. Sanga","doi":"10.53819/81018102t6012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t6012","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to understand and describe the lived experiences of parents raising children with autism and to compare how the experiences of each parent differed from the other. The research aimed to provide insight into how parents with children with autism experienced the pre-diagnostic phase, how they were able to cope up with their activities of daily living and other concerns related to the future of their child. The study provided an understanding of the condition parents with a child with autism are in, and points out their greatest needs, which include the need for information regarding autism and emotional support. Nurses after knowing the challenges parents and the child with autism go through will be more sensitive and therapeutic when rendering care. The support that nurses extended will be more appreciated by parents with a child with autism, especially during their vulnerable times. Finally due to the limited knowledge parents have at the time of diagnosis nurses will be there to educate parents on the nature of the disorder and to answer their concerns. Nurses together with other health care providers should focus on creating therapeutic relationships with parents with a child with autism to open up channels for interaction and sharing of vital information. This way parents will be comfortable to open up their fears and their struggles with ease that will aid in giving relevant interventions. To be able to provide quality care in public schools, the government should work on improving the working condition of teachers by employing more teachers who meet the need of the enrolled students. More classrooms should be opened and more teachers trained to help children with autism. Keywords: Experience of Parents, Children with Autism, Mandaue City, Philippines","PeriodicalId":354548,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Nursing & Public Health","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115209088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Medical waste management in Kenya has been greatly affected by the country's elevated production levels. The majority of medical facilities do not have an extensive medical waste management system, or if they do, they do not handle waste thoroughly, and therefore is detrimental to humans and the environment. This research focuses on health facilities’ management of medical waste in Kamukunji sub-county, assessing the specific problems of medical waste management in that area. This was a study focusing on healthcare workers, their working conditions and habits. This study was an analytical cross-sectional study design. Multistage sampling methods for the selection of 10 health facilities and 141 study participants. The R square was 0.746, indicating that medical waste management was harmed by a lack of funding, insufficient logistics, a lack of disposal sites, and a lack of understanding. This demonstrated a 74.6 percent variance in healthcare waste management due to a lack of funding, insufficient logistical supply, a lack of disposal site, and a lack of awareness. The remaining 25.4% implies that there were additional issues affecting the healthcare waste management systems of the ten health facilities evaluated. By explicitly identifying a given color with a certain category and its accompanying hazard, segregation aids to make waste processing safer. During the research period, Pumwani Maternity Hospital generated the most medical waste (80Kg) and Bahati Health Center generated the least (15Kg). The study concludes that periodic updates in medical waste management are necessary, as is refresher training for healthcare professionals and waste handlers. Additionally, it is advised that each health care facility have a safe and hygienic system in place for the handling, segregation, c collection, storage, transportation, treatment, and disposal of medical waste. All health facilities in Kenya, the study states, should adhere to the National Policy on Injection Safety and Medical Waste Management (2007). The 2007 strategy aims to emphasize the need of advocating for both the support and execution necessary to adequately manage healthcare waste. Keywords: Medical waste generation, health risks, medical waste management solutions, challenges of medical waste management, health facilities
肯尼亚的医疗废物管理受到该国生产水平提高的极大影响。大多数医疗机构没有广泛的医疗废物管理系统，或者即使有，也没有彻底处理废物，因此对人类和环境有害。本研究以Kamukunji县卫生机构医疗废物管理为研究对象，评估该地区医疗废物管理的具体问题。这是一项针对医护人员、他们的工作条件和习惯的研究。本研究为分析性横断面研究设计。采用多阶段抽样方法选择10个卫生设施和141个研究参与者。R方为0.746，表明医疗废物管理受到资金不足、物流不足、处置场地不足和缺乏认识的损害。这表明，由于缺乏资金、后勤供应不足、缺乏处置场所和缺乏意识，医疗废物管理方面存在74.6%的差异。剩余的25.4%表明，在接受评估的10个卫生设施中，存在影响医疗废物管理系统的其他问题。通过明确地识别特定类别的特定颜色及其伴随的危害，隔离有助于使废物处理更安全。在研究期间，Pumwani妇产医院产生的医疗垃圾最多(80Kg)， Bahati Health Center产生的医疗垃圾最少(15Kg)。该研究的结论是，医疗废物管理的定期更新是必要的，对医疗保健专业人员和废物处理人员进行进修培训也是必要的。此外，建议每个卫生保健机构都有一个安全卫生的系统，用于处理、隔离、收集、储存、运输、处理和处置医疗废物。该研究指出，肯尼亚的所有卫生设施都应遵守《注射安全和医疗废物管理国家政策》(2007年)。2007年战略的目的是强调有必要倡导为充分管理医疗保健废物提供必要的支持和执行。关键词:医疗废物产生，健康风险，医疗废物管理解决方案，医疗废物管理的挑战，卫生设施
{"title":"Proposed Solutions to Address the Challenges of Medical Waste Management in Health Facilities in Kamukunji Sub-County, Nairobi City County, Kenya","authors":"Caxton Mbuvi, T. Kyulu, Kimani Makobu","doi":"10.53819/81018102t6006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t6006","url":null,"abstract":"Medical waste management in Kenya has been greatly affected by the country's elevated production levels. The majority of medical facilities do not have an extensive medical waste management system, or if they do, they do not handle waste thoroughly, and therefore is detrimental to humans and the environment. This research focuses on health facilities’ management of medical waste in Kamukunji sub-county, assessing the specific problems of medical waste management in that area. This was a study focusing on healthcare workers, their working conditions and habits. This study was an analytical cross-sectional study design. Multistage sampling methods for the selection of 10 health facilities and 141 study participants. The R square was 0.746, indicating that medical waste management was harmed by a lack of funding, insufficient logistics, a lack of disposal sites, and a lack of understanding. This demonstrated a 74.6 percent variance in healthcare waste management due to a lack of funding, insufficient logistical supply, a lack of disposal site, and a lack of awareness. The remaining 25.4% implies that there were additional issues affecting the healthcare waste management systems of the ten health facilities evaluated. By explicitly identifying a given color with a certain category and its accompanying hazard, segregation aids to make waste processing safer. During the research period, Pumwani Maternity Hospital generated the most medical waste (80Kg) and Bahati Health Center generated the least (15Kg). The study concludes that periodic updates in medical waste management are necessary, as is refresher training for healthcare professionals and waste handlers. Additionally, it is advised that each health care facility have a safe and hygienic system in place for the handling, segregation, c collection, storage, transportation, treatment, and disposal of medical waste. All health facilities in Kenya, the study states, should adhere to the National Policy on Injection Safety and Medical Waste Management (2007). The 2007 strategy aims to emphasize the need of advocating for both the support and execution necessary to adequately manage healthcare waste. Keywords: Medical waste generation, health risks, medical waste management solutions, challenges of medical waste management, health facilities","PeriodicalId":354548,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Nursing & Public Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129525438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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