Conchostracan fossils are described for the first time from Triassic rocks in Tasmania. Taxa present include Cyzicus (Lioestheria) spp., Palaeolimadia (Palaeolimadia) cf. wianamattensis, P. (Palaeolimnadia) banksia n. sp., P. (Palaeolimnadia) poatinis n. sp. other species of Palaeolimnadia and Palaeolimnadopis tasmanii n. sp. Two assemblages, one with Palaeolimnadia alone, the other with Palaeolimnadia and Cyzicus. The latter assemblage suggests correlation with the Blina Shale in Western Australia and with the Mangli Beds of India. The conchostracans lived in small, transitory bodies of water
{"title":"Non-marine Arthropoda of the Tasmanian Triassic","authors":"P. Tasch","doi":"10.26749/rstpp.109.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26749/rstpp.109.97","url":null,"abstract":"Conchostracan fossils are described for the first time from Triassic rocks in Tasmania. Taxa present include Cyzicus (Lioestheria) spp., Palaeolimadia (Palaeolimadia) cf. wianamattensis, P. (Palaeolimnadia) banksia n. sp., P. (Palaeolimnadia) poatinis n. sp. other species of Palaeolimnadia and Palaeolimnadopis tasmanii n. sp. Two assemblages, one with Palaeolimnadia alone, the other with Palaeolimnadia and Cyzicus. The latter assemblage suggests correlation with the Blina Shale in Western Australia and with the Mangli Beds of India. The conchostracans lived in small, transitory bodies of water","PeriodicalId":35513,"journal":{"name":"Papers and Proceedings - Royal Society of Tasmania","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69101663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Three strandings of whales have recently occurred on the north coast of Tasmania. They involve a single pilot whale, Globicephala sp., amd two large schools of the false killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens.
{"title":"Recent whale strandings in northern Tasmania","authors":"E. Scott, R. Green","doi":"10.26749/rstpp.109.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26749/rstpp.109.91","url":null,"abstract":"Three strandings of whales have recently occurred on the north coast of Tasmania. They involve a single pilot whale, Globicephala sp., amd two large schools of the false killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens.","PeriodicalId":35513,"journal":{"name":"Papers and Proceedings - Royal Society of Tasmania","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69101655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Within an encouraging prognosis of substantial increases in world aquaculture, conepts and practices of mariculture and factors affecting potentials are reviewed briefly. Australian food-oriented mariculture centres principally on intertidal cultivation of the Sydney rock oyster in New South Wales. Experiments are underway with the raft cultivation of mussels, hatchery and pond rearing of prawns and oysters, midwater culture of oysters and laboratory rearing of scallops. The introduced Pacific oyster supports a. viable industry in Tasmania and production has risen from 9,500 dozens in 1968 to 185,000 dozens in 1973. The overall potential of mariculture, particularly oyster farming is considerable in Tasmania although a major constraint is seen in the conflict of interests for proposed lease areas.
{"title":"Farming the sea","authors":"T. Dix","doi":"10.26749/rstpp.108.1.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26749/rstpp.108.1.93","url":null,"abstract":"Within an encouraging prognosis of substantial increases in world aquaculture, \u0000conepts and practices of mariculture and factors affecting potentials are reviewed \u0000briefly. \u0000Australian food-oriented mariculture centres principally on intertidal cultivation \u0000of the Sydney rock oyster in New South Wales. Experiments are underway with the raft \u0000cultivation of mussels, hatchery and pond rearing of prawns and oysters, midwater culture \u0000of oysters and laboratory rearing of scallops. \u0000The introduced Pacific oyster supports a. viable industry in Tasmania and production \u0000has risen from 9,500 dozens in 1968 to 185,000 dozens in 1973. The overall potential \u0000of mariculture, particularly oyster farming is considerable in Tasmania although a \u0000major constraint is seen in the conflict of interests for proposed lease areas.","PeriodicalId":35513,"journal":{"name":"Papers and Proceedings - Royal Society of Tasmania","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69100834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-11-01DOI: 10.1080/02681309309414488
D. Rochford
The summer and winter temperatures, phosphates, dynamic heights and water masses,of Tasmanian surface waters have been charted. Differences in the characteristics of coastal and offshore waters and of the contribution of upwelling, convective overturn and cyclonic eddies to the surface phosphate concentrations are examined. It is concluded that limited entry of surface sub-Antarctic waters, in combination with a prevalence ot sub-tropical waters, maintains nutrient concentrations in Tasmanian surface waters at levels only marginally richer than Australian ocean waters in general.
{"title":"The physical setting","authors":"D. Rochford","doi":"10.1080/02681309309414488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02681309309414488","url":null,"abstract":"The summer and winter temperatures, phosphates, dynamic heights and water masses,of Tasmanian surface waters have been charted. Differences in the characteristics of \u0000coastal and offshore waters and of the contribution of upwelling, convective overturn and cyclonic eddies to the surface phosphate concentrations are examined. It is concluded that limited entry of surface sub-Antarctic waters, in combination with a prevalence ot sub-tropical waters, maintains nutrient concentrations in Tasmanian \u0000surface waters at levels only marginally richer than Australian ocean waters in general.","PeriodicalId":35513,"journal":{"name":"Papers and Proceedings - Royal Society of Tasmania","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02681309309414488","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59262845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-11-01DOI: 10.26749/rstpp.108.1.113
A. Gilmour
Energy from the sun is transferred via marine plants, marine herbivores to primary and secondary carnivores and even man himself with some loss of energy at each stage. Inorganic materials from sea water are extracted and returned during this sequence of processes. Some data suggests that open oceans are only about twice as productive as deserts and that continental shelves are about ten times as productive. Coral reefs and estuaries may be as much as forty times as productive. The interrelationships between changes in current patterns, fish, birds and man in the case of the Peruvian anchovy underlines the interdependence of various components in marine systems.
{"title":"The sea and its resources as an ecosystem","authors":"A. Gilmour","doi":"10.26749/rstpp.108.1.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26749/rstpp.108.1.113","url":null,"abstract":"Energy from the sun is transferred via marine plants, marine herbivores to primary and secondary carnivores and even man himself with some loss of energy at each stage. Inorganic materials from sea water are extracted and returned during this sequence of processes. Some data suggests that open oceans are only about twice as productive as deserts and that continental shelves are about ten times as productive. Coral reefs and estuaries may be as much as forty times as productive. The interrelationships between changes in current patterns, fish, birds and man in the case of the Peruvian anchovy underlines the interdependence of various components in marine systems.","PeriodicalId":35513,"journal":{"name":"Papers and Proceedings - Royal Society of Tasmania","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69100773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multipurpose usage of the sea, including its major Role as a source of high quality protein,demands the development and implementation of scientifically based management programmes. Technological advances in fishing have exaggerated the need for fisheries management based on stock assesment. A fish stock as a naturally renewable natural resource behaves generally in a manner susceptible to prediction by mathematical modelling. The work of Schaeffer and of Beverton and Holt is the basis of most currently used models. Economics play a major role in controlling commercial fisheries are discussed in detail. A pot fishery for southern rock lobster is slightly over exploited and a reduction in the amount of effort seems to be required if production is to return to peak levels. A relatively new fishery for abalone based on collection by divers shows little sihn of reaching maximum production although a previously steady increase in fished area now has ceased. The scallop fishery in D'Entrecasteaux Channel has collapsed and overfishing seems to have been a factor but other factors unrelated t fishing play some part.
{"title":"Fisheries management with particular reference to commercially exploited stocks around Tasmania","authors":"A. Harrison","doi":"10.26749/rstpp.108.1.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26749/rstpp.108.1.81","url":null,"abstract":"Multipurpose usage of the sea, including its major Role as a source of high quality protein,demands the development and implementation of scientifically based management programmes. Technological advances in fishing have exaggerated the need for fisheries management based on stock assesment. A fish stock as a naturally renewable natural resource behaves generally in a manner susceptible to prediction by mathematical modelling. The work of Schaeffer and of Beverton and Holt is the basis of most currently used models. Economics play a major role in controlling commercial fisheries are discussed in detail. A pot fishery for southern rock lobster is slightly over exploited and a reduction in the amount of effort seems to be required if production is to return to peak levels. A relatively new fishery for abalone based on collection by divers shows little sihn of reaching maximum production although a previously steady increase in fished area now has ceased. The scallop fishery in D'Entrecasteaux Channel has collapsed and overfishing seems to have been a factor but other factors unrelated t fishing play some part.","PeriodicalId":35513,"journal":{"name":"Papers and Proceedings - Royal Society of Tasmania","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69100825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mineral resources are present offshore either as bedrock or superficial Bedrock deposits include petroleum, coal, sulphur, evaporites, and metals. Many of these deposits can be exploited in shallow water using currently-available technology including drilling platforms, solution extraction, and underground mining from onshore installations which extend offshore. Genetically, there are two kinds of superficial deposits; those which formed on the continent but which were subsequently submerged by the post-glacial rise in sea level (lateritic deposits and some types of placer deposits), and those which have formed under submarine conditions at the present time or in the recent past. Deposits of this second group include construction materials, some placer deposits, phosphorites, and glauconite, all of which are found primarily on the shelf and upper slope; and deposits of the deeper oceans, including deep-sea oozes, manganese nodules, and metalliferous muds and brines. Dredging techniques are used for exploiting superficial deposits in shallow waters; various types of dredges are being tested, or are planned for the deeper-water deposits. Although it is probable that many offshore mineral deposits will not be exploited in the near future, they nevertheless constitute long-term resources of considerable importance.
{"title":"Minerals from the ocean","authors":"P. Cook","doi":"10.26749/rstpp.108.1.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26749/rstpp.108.1.39","url":null,"abstract":"Mineral resources are present offshore either as bedrock or superficial \u0000Bedrock deposits include petroleum, coal, sulphur, evaporites, and metals. Many of \u0000these deposits can be exploited in shallow water using currently-available technology \u0000including drilling platforms, solution extraction, and underground mining from onshore \u0000installations which extend offshore. Genetically, there are two kinds of superficial \u0000deposits; those which formed on the continent but which were subsequently submerged by \u0000the post-glacial rise in sea level (lateritic deposits and some types of placer \u0000deposits), and those which have formed under submarine conditions at the present time \u0000or in the recent past. Deposits of this second group include construction materials, \u0000some placer deposits, phosphorites, and glauconite, all of which are found primarily \u0000on the shelf and upper slope; and deposits of the deeper oceans, including deep-sea \u0000oozes, manganese nodules, and metalliferous muds and brines. Dredging techniques are \u0000used for exploiting superficial deposits in shallow waters; various types of dredges \u0000are being tested, or are planned for the deeper-water deposits. Although it is \u0000probable that many offshore mineral deposits will not be exploited in the near future, \u0000they nevertheless constitute long-term resources of considerable importance.","PeriodicalId":35513,"journal":{"name":"Papers and Proceedings - Royal Society of Tasmania","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69100808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-11-01DOI: 10.26749/rstpp.108.1.101
S. Thrower, D. James
In a hungry world, we are looking to the sea to provide much of the animal protein needed to feed our ever-increasing population. Fishing has developed in many parts of the Northern Hemisphere to such an extent that further increases in the catch are not possible. In the Southern Hemisphere appreciable increases are still possible but if they are not to be wasted, post-catch utilization must be efficient and effective. Seafoods are highly perishable products, and it is necessary to process them to extend the shelf life. This paper describes traditional methods of preserving fish, such as freezing, curing, smoking, canning and fermenting; it also considers new methods which make more efficient use of resources and reduce wastage. The advantages of producing fish meal and comminuted fish are also discussed. The paper looks at the prospects for future growth in the fishing indus try and stresses the importance of introducing modern handling and processing techniques. The relevance of these future developments to the Australian industry and their implications for future product development are considered.
{"title":"Utilization of the resources of the sea","authors":"S. Thrower, D. James","doi":"10.26749/rstpp.108.1.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26749/rstpp.108.1.101","url":null,"abstract":"In a hungry world, we are looking to the sea to provide much of the animal protein \u0000needed to feed our ever-increasing population. Fishing has developed in many \u0000parts of the Northern Hemisphere to such an extent that further increases in the catch \u0000are not possible. In the Southern Hemisphere appreciable increases are still possible \u0000but if they are not to be wasted, post-catch utilization must be efficient and effective. \u0000Seafoods are highly perishable products, and it is necessary to process them to \u0000extend the shelf life. This paper describes traditional methods of preserving fish, \u0000such as freezing, curing, smoking, canning and fermenting; it also considers new \u0000methods which make more efficient use of resources and reduce wastage. The advantages \u0000of producing fish meal and comminuted fish are also discussed. \u0000The paper looks at the prospects for future growth in the fishing indus try and \u0000stresses the importance of introducing modern handling and processing techniques. \u0000The relevance of these future developments to the Australian industry and their \u0000implications for future product development are considered.","PeriodicalId":35513,"journal":{"name":"Papers and Proceedings - Royal Society of Tasmania","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69100769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conservation planning on the coastline in terms of the values which need to be protected is of special importance. Some progress in coastal conservation in Australia has 'occurred, all amenity values, recreation places, and sites of scientific interest having received attention. Recent major innovations such as the New South Wales Coastal Protection Scheme are noteworthy. Integrated planning of access is important. As a result of the relatively high degree of Government ownership of coastal land, Australia was well placed to secure adequate planning of the coast for conservation. However, planning authorities have been impeded in their task by the low priority given to both planning and conservation by the community at large. The present picture is one of planning authorities beginning to make up some of the lost ground of the fifties and sixties.
{"title":"The scenic margin","authors":"J. Mosley","doi":"10.26749/rstpp.108.1.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26749/rstpp.108.1.29","url":null,"abstract":"Conservation planning on the coastline in terms of the values which need to be protected is of special importance. \u0000 \u0000Some progress in coastal conservation in Australia has 'occurred, all amenity values, recreation places, and sites of scientific interest having received attention. Recent major innovations such as the New South Wales Coastal Protection Scheme are noteworthy. Integrated planning of access is important. \u0000 \u0000As a result of the relatively high degree of Government ownership of coastal land, Australia was well placed to secure adequate planning of the coast for conservation. However, planning authorities have been impeded in their task by the low priority given to both planning and conservation by the community at large. \u0000 \u0000The present picture is one of planning authorities beginning to make up some of the lost ground of the fifties and sixties.","PeriodicalId":35513,"journal":{"name":"Papers and Proceedings - Royal Society of Tasmania","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69100778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elemental mercury is the source of mercury for current cinnabar deposition at Ngawha Springs, New Zealand. The deposition of cinnabar is strictly weather dependent for most of the area, occurring only during and just after rain. During these periods pH and Eh drop favouring oxidation of mercury at suitable sites; such conditions prove to be necessary and sufficient from laboratory experiments.
{"title":"Mechanism for mercury deposition at Ngawha Springs, New Zealand","authors":"Hampton T. Davey","doi":"10.26749/rstpp.108.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26749/rstpp.108.157","url":null,"abstract":"Elemental mercury is the source of mercury for current cinnabar deposition at Ngawha Springs, New Zealand. The deposition of cinnabar is strictly weather dependent for most of the area, occurring only during and just after rain. During these periods pH and Eh drop favouring oxidation of mercury at suitable sites; such conditions prove to be necessary and sufficient from laboratory experiments.","PeriodicalId":35513,"journal":{"name":"Papers and Proceedings - Royal Society of Tasmania","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69100490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：