W. Haddad, David R. Hanson, Kenneth R. Ryerson, K. Sjostrom
A stepped-frequency continuous-wave radar system has been designed and integrated into a drill head for use on midrange horizontal directional drills. Data from the forward-looking radar are acquired, processed, and displayed in near real time. A unique, computationally efficient target detection algorithm has been developed and tested to predict the position of potential obstacles in front of the drill head. This method is called derivative imaging, and it provides distance to target and radial offset information such that the drill operator may respond accordingly. Application to traditional ground-penetrating radar systems is also demonstrated.
{"title":"Automated target detection methodology for drill head sensor systems","authors":"W. Haddad, David R. Hanson, Kenneth R. Ryerson, K. Sjostrom","doi":"10.1190/tle42050324.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1190/tle42050324.1","url":null,"abstract":"A stepped-frequency continuous-wave radar system has been designed and integrated into a drill head for use on midrange horizontal directional drills. Data from the forward-looking radar are acquired, processed, and displayed in near real time. A unique, computationally efficient target detection algorithm has been developed and tested to predict the position of potential obstacles in front of the drill head. This method is called derivative imaging, and it provides distance to target and radial offset information such that the drill operator may respond accordingly. Application to traditional ground-penetrating radar systems is also demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":35661,"journal":{"name":"Leading Edge","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43331379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Government policies, incentives, and funding directly impact gains in energy efficiency and energy independence. In this episode, Diana Sineva and Stephen Brown highlight recent policy changes in the United States and how the changes impact the world and the oil and gas sector. They discuss cutting-edge policy and research to offer a novel perspective on topics that will impact the world for generations.
{"title":"Seismic Soundoff: New takes on energy independence and policies","authors":"A. Geary","doi":"10.1190/tle42050380.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1190/tle42050380.1","url":null,"abstract":"Government policies, incentives, and funding directly impact gains in energy efficiency and energy independence. In this episode, Diana Sineva and Stephen Brown highlight recent policy changes in the United States and how the changes impact the world and the oil and gas sector. They discuss cutting-edge policy and research to offer a novel perspective on topics that will impact the world for generations.","PeriodicalId":35661,"journal":{"name":"Leading Edge","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48899105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The growing popularity of land nodes demands careful survey design practices to smoothly supersede cabled seismic acquisition with geophone arrays. Unfortunately, trace density is often used as a catchall proxy to describe survey quality, which is a gross oversimplification. We describe comprehensive and quantitative workflows focusing on final image quality for evaluating existing or new 3D land acquisition geometries with arrays and single sensors. They streamline the design process, remove human bias, and close the loop between acquisition and processing. A central element is a data-driven approach for deriving absolute signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) directly from the data. The resulting S/N volumes can be analyzed as cubes or slices or distilled to statistical quantities. We apply new workflows to three typical use cases from 3D land seismic data. First, we quantitatively contrast different 3D data sets acquired with various field acquisition geometries and understand which acquisition parameters are likely responsible for S/N differences. Second, we perform a realistic numerical feasibility study evaluating multiple 3D acquisition geometries with arrays and single sensors and assess their expected performance on a complex SEG Advanced Modeling Arid data set representative of the desert environment. For feasibility studies, complete automation can be achieved by applying migration in lieu of processing and data-driven S/N as evaluation steps. Finally, we show how to predict absolute S/N outcomes of new 3D acquisitions based on the existing legacy data with different acquisition geometry. We demonstrate the excellent predictive power of the analytical signal-strength estimate formula for both field and synthetic elastic data sets. Translating survey design into commonly spoken “image S/N language” improves communication between geoscientists and enables more effective decision-making.
{"title":"Quantitative evaluation of 3D land acquisition geometries with arrays and single sensors: Closing the loop between acquisition and processing","authors":"A. Bakulin, I. Silvestrov","doi":"10.1190/tle42050310.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1190/tle42050310.1","url":null,"abstract":"The growing popularity of land nodes demands careful survey design practices to smoothly supersede cabled seismic acquisition with geophone arrays. Unfortunately, trace density is often used as a catchall proxy to describe survey quality, which is a gross oversimplification. We describe comprehensive and quantitative workflows focusing on final image quality for evaluating existing or new 3D land acquisition geometries with arrays and single sensors. They streamline the design process, remove human bias, and close the loop between acquisition and processing. A central element is a data-driven approach for deriving absolute signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) directly from the data. The resulting S/N volumes can be analyzed as cubes or slices or distilled to statistical quantities. We apply new workflows to three typical use cases from 3D land seismic data. First, we quantitatively contrast different 3D data sets acquired with various field acquisition geometries and understand which acquisition parameters are likely responsible for S/N differences. Second, we perform a realistic numerical feasibility study evaluating multiple 3D acquisition geometries with arrays and single sensors and assess their expected performance on a complex SEG Advanced Modeling Arid data set representative of the desert environment. For feasibility studies, complete automation can be achieved by applying migration in lieu of processing and data-driven S/N as evaluation steps. Finally, we show how to predict absolute S/N outcomes of new 3D acquisitions based on the existing legacy data with different acquisition geometry. We demonstrate the excellent predictive power of the analytical signal-strength estimate formula for both field and synthetic elastic data sets. Translating survey design into commonly spoken “image S/N language” improves communication between geoscientists and enables more effective decision-making.","PeriodicalId":35661,"journal":{"name":"Leading Edge","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45044012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jian Zhang, K. D. Hutchenson, P. Nyffenegger, Elige B. Grant, Jason Jennings, M. Tinker, M. Macquet, D. Lawton
As carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration scales toward the gigatonnes level, the need for underground reservoir surveillance is driving efforts in advancing technologies for cost-effective passive seismic monitoring. Quantum Technology Sciences, in cooperation with Carbon Management Canada's Containment and Monitoring Institute (CaMI), installed a network of four permanent compact volumetric phased arrays (seismic and acoustic detection and ranging [SADAR] system) at CaMI's Field Research Station (FRS) to demonstrate the results that can be achieved through passive monitoring of microseismicity using this technology. Configured as a sparse network, the SADAR arrays provide passive, persistent, and permanent data acquisition and analysis for monitoring microseismicity in the earth volume of interest. Data from the phased arrays are processed to take advantage of the spatial coherence of the incident seismic signals to increase signal resolution while suppressing noise and clutter signals and providing signal attributes such as angle of incidence and phase velocity. The CaMI FRS has a network of 28 permanent surface stations that are deployed in an x-shaped geometry centered on the injection well. It has a downhole array of 24 geophones that are permanently deployed in an observation well. This provides a ready and unique opportunity to evaluate the detection and location performance of the different systems for passive seismic monitoring. We analyze observations of five example events selected from the microseismicity detected by the SADAR arrays with moment magnitudes (Mw) down to approximately −2. Signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and location uncertainties are compared for the events acquired using SADAR arrays versus the surface sensors. The results demonstrate improved performance of networked SADAR arrays compared to traditional surface sensor deployment for detecting and locating microseismicity. Specifically, the results show that coherent processing of SADAR arrays achieves S/N gains up to about 20 dB and location errors down to 10 m.
{"title":"Performance comparison of compact phased arrays and traditional seismic networks for microseismic monitoring at a CO2 sequestration test site","authors":"Jian Zhang, K. D. Hutchenson, P. Nyffenegger, Elige B. Grant, Jason Jennings, M. Tinker, M. Macquet, D. Lawton","doi":"10.1190/tle42050332.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1190/tle42050332.1","url":null,"abstract":"As carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration scales toward the gigatonnes level, the need for underground reservoir surveillance is driving efforts in advancing technologies for cost-effective passive seismic monitoring. Quantum Technology Sciences, in cooperation with Carbon Management Canada's Containment and Monitoring Institute (CaMI), installed a network of four permanent compact volumetric phased arrays (seismic and acoustic detection and ranging [SADAR] system) at CaMI's Field Research Station (FRS) to demonstrate the results that can be achieved through passive monitoring of microseismicity using this technology. Configured as a sparse network, the SADAR arrays provide passive, persistent, and permanent data acquisition and analysis for monitoring microseismicity in the earth volume of interest. Data from the phased arrays are processed to take advantage of the spatial coherence of the incident seismic signals to increase signal resolution while suppressing noise and clutter signals and providing signal attributes such as angle of incidence and phase velocity. The CaMI FRS has a network of 28 permanent surface stations that are deployed in an x-shaped geometry centered on the injection well. It has a downhole array of 24 geophones that are permanently deployed in an observation well. This provides a ready and unique opportunity to evaluate the detection and location performance of the different systems for passive seismic monitoring. We analyze observations of five example events selected from the microseismicity detected by the SADAR arrays with moment magnitudes (Mw) down to approximately −2. Signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and location uncertainties are compared for the events acquired using SADAR arrays versus the surface sensors. The results demonstrate improved performance of networked SADAR arrays compared to traditional surface sensor deployment for detecting and locating microseismicity. Specifically, the results show that coherent processing of SADAR arrays achieves S/N gains up to about 20 dB and location errors down to 10 m.","PeriodicalId":35661,"journal":{"name":"Leading Edge","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44066733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nominees for 2023–2024 SEG Board of Directors","authors":"","doi":"10.1190/tle42050367.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1190/tle42050367.1","url":null,"abstract":"Nominees for 2023–2024 SEG Board of Directors","PeriodicalId":35661,"journal":{"name":"Leading Edge","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66243406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
When Ken Tubman approached me about writing the President's Page for TLE, I felt both honored and thrilled to be given the opportunity. However, it took me a while to decide on a topic that would truly resonate with myself and my fellow professionals. After much contemplation, I chose to write about something close to my heart — how SEG members in the Asia-Pacific region, particularly Southeast Asia, have been working to balance regional needs with the evolving global perspective of the Society.
{"title":"President's Page: Fostering collaboration for regional success: Uniting local and global perspectives","authors":"S. Chandola","doi":"10.1190/tle42050306.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1190/tle42050306.1","url":null,"abstract":"When Ken Tubman approached me about writing the President's Page for TLE, I felt both honored and thrilled to be given the opportunity. However, it took me a while to decide on a topic that would truly resonate with myself and my fellow professionals. After much contemplation, I chose to write about something close to my heart — how SEG members in the Asia-Pacific region, particularly Southeast Asia, have been working to balance regional needs with the evolving global perspective of the Society.","PeriodicalId":35661,"journal":{"name":"Leading Edge","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44105534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tobi Ore, E. Martin, Igor Rubio-Cisneros, A. Girard, Joseph Ma, Shreya Kanakiya, O. Sanuade, A. Titov, Rafael de Souza
Over the past decade, computing power has increased, new sensing technologies have been developed, and our understanding of how we interact with the earth has evolved, leading to new opportunities and priorities in geophysical research. These changes have been more rapid in some areas than others, and new topics have emerged as well. It is challenging for geophysicists, including junior staff and undergraduates starting their geophysics journeys, to stay abreast of scientific and industrial trends. Thus, the Early Career Subcommittee of the SEG Research Committee (RC) thought it imperative to survey members of the RC in 2022. To that end, a survey was conducted, and responses were collected from 43 RC members.
{"title":"Research Committee Update: Hot topics in geophysics: Progress, trends, and perspectives","authors":"Tobi Ore, E. Martin, Igor Rubio-Cisneros, A. Girard, Joseph Ma, Shreya Kanakiya, O. Sanuade, A. Titov, Rafael de Souza","doi":"10.1190/tle42050360.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1190/tle42050360.1","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decade, computing power has increased, new sensing technologies have been developed, and our understanding of how we interact with the earth has evolved, leading to new opportunities and priorities in geophysical research. These changes have been more rapid in some areas than others, and new topics have emerged as well. It is challenging for geophysicists, including junior staff and undergraduates starting their geophysics journeys, to stay abreast of scientific and industrial trends. Thus, the Early Career Subcommittee of the SEG Research Committee (RC) thought it imperative to survey members of the RC in 2022. To that end, a survey was conducted, and responses were collected from 43 RC members.","PeriodicalId":35661,"journal":{"name":"Leading Edge","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42056077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sensor technology has seen rapid advancements in recent years, driven by advancements in materials science, miniaturization, and data analytics.
近年来，在材料科学、小型化和数据分析技术进步的推动下，传感器技术取得了快速发展。
{"title":"Introduction to this special section: Advancements in sensor technology","authors":"J. L. Calvez, Erkan Ay","doi":"10.1190/tle42050308.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1190/tle42050308.1","url":null,"abstract":"Sensor technology has seen rapid advancements in recent years, driven by advancements in materials science, miniaturization, and data analytics.","PeriodicalId":35661,"journal":{"name":"Leading Edge","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42019147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Commercial sensors for seismic data collection have changed little in the previous 20 years. The sensors that are available today have exceptional dynamic range and sensitivity. This paper explores and compares the field response of analog geophones and all-digital microelectrical-mechanical-sensors-based accelerometers from the perspective of the dynamic range of the recorded data. Also discussed are other characteristics of each sensor type and the potential impact on seismic data quality.
{"title":"A look at the field response of MEMS sensors compared to analog geophones","authors":"J. Criss, A. Selvakumar","doi":"10.1190/tle42050321.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1190/tle42050321.1","url":null,"abstract":"Commercial sensors for seismic data collection have changed little in the previous 20 years. The sensors that are available today have exceptional dynamic range and sensitivity. This paper explores and compares the field response of analog geophones and all-digital microelectrical-mechanical-sensors-based accelerometers from the perspective of the dynamic range of the recorded data. Also discussed are other characteristics of each sensor type and the potential impact on seismic data quality.","PeriodicalId":35661,"journal":{"name":"Leading Edge","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66243288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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