Digitization has changed the role of salespeople and, consequently, the dynamics of their operations at the interface between the supplier and the customer. Currently, a salesperson is often called upon to solve customer queries, which implies taking on the role of intrapreneur to internally create a solution. This study contributes to the literature by filling a gap regarding intrapreneurial salespeople and their uses of sales technology. This research focuses on the intrapreneurship of salespeople and explicitly investigates its antecedents. The structural equation modelling technique has been chosen as it is considered to be the most appropriate one for the analysis. Research data from 565 Portuguese salespeople reveals that their use of sales technology influences their intrapreneurship behaviour thanks to information systems. Last of all, this study adds invaluable knowledge to the literature, gives valuable insight to sales managers and proposes future lines of research.
{"title":"The use of sales technology by salespeople as an information source and stimulant for intrapreneurship","authors":"Pedro Mendonça Silva, Ana Pinto Lima, S. Teixeira","doi":"10.15304/rge.32.2.8606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15304/rge.32.2.8606","url":null,"abstract":"Digitization has changed the role of salespeople and, consequently, the dynamics of their operations at the interface between the supplier and the customer. Currently, a salesperson is often called upon to solve customer queries, which implies taking on the role of intrapreneur to internally create a solution. This study contributes to the literature by filling a gap regarding intrapreneurial salespeople and their uses of sales technology. This research focuses on the intrapreneurship of salespeople and explicitly investigates its antecedents. The structural equation modelling technique has been chosen as it is considered to be the most appropriate one for the analysis. Research data from 565 Portuguese salespeople reveals that their use of sales technology influences their intrapreneurship behaviour thanks to information systems. Last of all, this study adds invaluable knowledge to the literature, gives valuable insight to sales managers and proposes future lines of research.","PeriodicalId":35769,"journal":{"name":"Revista Galega de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46170911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pedro Mendonça Silva, Victor Ferreira Moutinho, Arminda Finisterra Paço
Digitisation is a phenomenon that inevitably affects companies and economies. Consequently, the virtual market seems an excellent alternative for aspiring entrepreneurs. Recent statistics precisely point to accelerated growth of e-commerce. Indeed, this and entrepreneurship are business tools that allow a new dynamic in the market. However, recent research has barely explored the relationship between entrepreneurship and e-commerce, so this study contributes to the literature by filling the gap. In light of the above, this study has used several indicators from two groups of countries, namely Scandinavia, in broad terms (Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Finland), and Iberia (Portugal and Spain) from the years 2012 to 2020. The Panel Corrected Standard Errors models have been used for the econometric treatment of the data. The findings confirm the bidirectional causality between entrepreneurship and e-commerce. In addition, from a widerperspective of entrepreneurship, the paper also reveals that intrapreneurship based on Research and Development (R&D) is an e-commerce driver. Therefore, this study opens up a new discussion and provides relevant support for the theoretical framework and a valuable contribution to the scarce literature on the relationship between entrepreneurship and e-commerce.
{"title":"Examining the relationships between Entrepreneurship, Intrapreneurship, and e-Commerce. Evidence from Iberian and Scandinavian Countries","authors":"Pedro Mendonça Silva, Victor Ferreira Moutinho, Arminda Finisterra Paço","doi":"10.15304/rge.32.2.8679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15304/rge.32.2.8679","url":null,"abstract":"Digitisation is a phenomenon that inevitably affects companies and economies. Consequently, the virtual market seems an excellent alternative for aspiring entrepreneurs. Recent statistics precisely point to accelerated growth of e-commerce. Indeed, this and entrepreneurship are business tools that allow a new dynamic in the market. However, recent research has barely explored the relationship between entrepreneurship and e-commerce, so this study contributes to the literature by filling the gap. \u0000In light of the above, this study has used several indicators from two groups of countries, namely Scandinavia, in broad terms (Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Finland), and Iberia (Portugal and Spain) from the years 2012 to 2020. The Panel Corrected Standard Errors models have been used for the econometric treatment of the data. The findings confirm the bidirectional causality between entrepreneurship and e-commerce. In addition, from a widerperspective of entrepreneurship, the paper also reveals that intrapreneurship based on Research and Development (R&D) is an e-commerce driver. Therefore, this study opens up a new discussion and provides relevant support for the theoretical framework and a valuable contribution to the scarce literature on the relationship between entrepreneurship and e-commerce.","PeriodicalId":35769,"journal":{"name":"Revista Galega de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44754619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Crowdfunding is a popular approach for entrepreneurs to obtain financial support and has therefore gained importance in the literature and practice in recent years. The communication behavior of starters that lead to the success of a campaign will be summarized and expanded by new findings. As a theoretical added value, this article offers the first attempt to transfer communication theories to the field of reward-based crowdfunding to reveal success determinants in crowdfunders user behavior. The purpose of this paper is to give practical recommendations to starters on how to run a campaign successfully and, more generally, on how they can make full use of social media. By analyzing the dataset of crowdfunding campaigns from Startnext, the largest German-speaking reward-based crowdfunding platform, new success factors are identified using multivariate analysis methods. The results show that social media can offer significant value for businesspeople in terms of marketing if it is used strategically and frequently.
{"title":"From hashtag to cashback: Success determinants in crowdfunders' user behavior","authors":"Katrin Kizilkan","doi":"10.15304/rge.32.2.8582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15304/rge.32.2.8582","url":null,"abstract":"Crowdfunding is a popular approach for entrepreneurs to obtain financial support and has therefore gained importance in the literature and practice in recent years. The communication behavior of starters that lead to the success of a campaign will be summarized and expanded by new findings. As a theoretical added value, this article offers the first attempt to transfer communication theories to the field of reward-based crowdfunding to reveal success determinants in crowdfunders user behavior. The purpose of this paper is to give practical recommendations to starters on how to run a campaign successfully and, more generally, on how they can make full use of social media. By analyzing the dataset of crowdfunding campaigns from Startnext, the largest German-speaking reward-based crowdfunding platform, new success factors are identified using multivariate analysis methods. The results show that social media can offer significant value for businesspeople in terms of marketing if it is used strategically and frequently.","PeriodicalId":35769,"journal":{"name":"Revista Galega de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46500022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esta investigação teve como objetivo principal compreender como é que as histórias contadas na comunicação das marcas associadas à causa COVID-19, influenciaram o engagement com os seus consumidores. Relativamente às histórias avaliou-se o enredo, as personagens e a verosimilhança. No que diz respeito ao consumer engagement (CE), o envolvimento afetivo, emocional e cognitivo. Este estudo contou com uma metodologia qualitativa e um método baseado na netnografia que teve em consideração os comentários dos anúncios publicados em duas redes sociais, o Facebook e o Instagram, por nove marcas portuguesas. Os resultados desta pesquisa revelam que para as histórias, associadas à COVID-19, terem um maior nível de influência no consumidor, devem utilizar os seus elementos como um todo, para gerar um engagement positivo no consumidor.
{"title":"O Efeito do \"Storytelling\" associado à COVID-19 no Engagement","authors":"Anabela Ribeiro, M. A. Rodrigues, Patrícia Lemos","doi":"10.15304/rge.31.3.8263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15304/rge.31.3.8263","url":null,"abstract":"Esta investigação teve como objetivo principal compreender como é que as histórias contadas na comunicação das marcas associadas à causa COVID-19, influenciaram o engagement com os seus consumidores. Relativamente às histórias avaliou-se o enredo, as personagens e a verosimilhança. No que diz respeito ao consumer engagement (CE), o envolvimento afetivo, emocional e cognitivo. Este estudo contou com uma metodologia qualitativa e um método baseado na netnografia que teve em consideração os comentários dos anúncios publicados em duas redes sociais, o Facebook e o Instagram, por nove marcas portuguesas. Os resultados desta pesquisa revelam que para as histórias, associadas à COVID-19, terem um maior nível de influência no consumidor, devem utilizar os seus elementos como um todo, para gerar um engagement positivo no consumidor.","PeriodicalId":35769,"journal":{"name":"Revista Galega de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45478318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Agradecemento aos revisores e revisoras de 2022","authors":"M. Chas-Amil","doi":"10.15304/rge.31.3.8881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15304/rge.31.3.8881","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35769,"journal":{"name":"Revista Galega de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47904017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paulo Ferreira, Dora Almeida, A. Dionísio, D. Quintino, Faheem Aslam
Understanding the linkages among stock markets holds great importance for investors, policymakers and portfolio managers. When considering the integration of international stock markets and given they are complex systems, it is important to understand how they are related and how they influence each other. Studying data from 25 European Union stock market indices, this piece of research aims to evaluate the dynamics of influence among them. In terms of method, a non-linear approach has been applied, based on transfer entropy with static and dynamic analysis. As the main finding, a strongly influential relationship between some indices should be highlighted. The static analysis allows us to infer that central and western European Union countries are the main influencers, while the dynamic analysis leads us to the conclusion that the relationships between the stock markets have changed over time, revealing their dynamism. The results obtained have several implications. For instance, for investors and portfolio managers, the information about comovements is relevant for diversification purposes and for their decisions on where to make their investments, build portfolio strategies and manage risks; however, for policymakers, the constant monitoring of stock markets may detect increases in the connection between markets, which could be understood as signs of instability.
{"title":"The use of transfer entropy to analyse the comovements of European Union stock markets: a dynamical analysis in times of crises","authors":"Paulo Ferreira, Dora Almeida, A. Dionísio, D. Quintino, Faheem Aslam","doi":"10.15304/rge...8400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15304/rge...8400","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the linkages among stock markets holds great importance for investors, policymakers and portfolio managers. When considering the integration of international stock markets and given they are complex systems, it is important to understand how they are related and how they influence each other. Studying data from 25 European Union stock market indices, this piece of research aims to evaluate the dynamics of influence among them. In terms of method, a non-linear approach has been applied, based on transfer entropy with static and dynamic analysis. As the main finding, a strongly influential relationship between some indices should be highlighted. The static analysis allows us to infer that central and western European Union countries are the main influencers, while the dynamic analysis leads us to the conclusion that the relationships between the stock markets have changed over time, revealing their dynamism. The results obtained have several implications. For instance, for investors and portfolio managers, the information about comovements is relevant for diversification purposes and for their decisions on where to make their investments, build portfolio strategies and manage risks; however, for policymakers, the constant monitoring of stock markets may detect increases in the connection between markets, which could be understood as signs of instability.","PeriodicalId":35769,"journal":{"name":"Revista Galega de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46806002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neste artigo estudamos pela primeira vez a anomalia de calendário designada de efeito semana do ano no mercado de acções português. O efeito semana do ano foi identificado originalmente por Levy e Yagil (2012) e refere-se à verificação de rendibilidades de mercado significativamente diferentes em algumas semanas do ano. A amostra utilizada foi construída a partir de uma nova base de dados histórica que cobre cerca de 120 anos de história do mercado accionista português. Verificou-se que a primeira e a última semanas do ano geraram rendibilidades significativamente mais elevadas do que as restantes semanas do ano. Além disso, a análise de subamostras revelou que o efeito semana do ano evoluiu de forma adaptativa ao longo do tempo. Em geral, os nossos resultados sugerem que a Hipótese dos Mercados Adaptativos proporciona uma melhor explicação para a dinâmica do mercado de acções português.
{"title":"O efeito semana do ano e a Hipótese dos Mercados Adaptativos: Evidências a partir de uma nova base de dados","authors":"Júlio Lobão, Ana Costa","doi":"10.15304/rge.31.3.8411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15304/rge.31.3.8411","url":null,"abstract":"Neste artigo estudamos pela primeira vez a anomalia de calendário designada de efeito semana do ano no mercado de acções português. O efeito semana do ano foi identificado originalmente por Levy e Yagil (2012) e refere-se à verificação de rendibilidades de mercado significativamente diferentes em algumas semanas do ano. A amostra utilizada foi construída a partir de uma nova base de dados histórica que cobre cerca de 120 anos de história do mercado accionista português. Verificou-se que a primeira e a última semanas do ano geraram rendibilidades significativamente mais elevadas do que as restantes semanas do ano. Além disso, a análise de subamostras revelou que o efeito semana do ano evoluiu de forma adaptativa ao longo do tempo. Em geral, os nossos resultados sugerem que a Hipótese dos Mercados Adaptativos proporciona uma melhor explicação para a dinâmica do mercado de acções português.","PeriodicalId":35769,"journal":{"name":"Revista Galega de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42384339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zombie companies can be classified as being nonprofitable, having low productivity and being ten years old or over; these businesses continue to exist due to the support of banks and governments. This paper aims to understand the impact of these types of firms on the investment, employment growth and labour productivity of healthy companies from the wholesale and retail trade and the hospitality sector during the period 2011-2018. The data obtained indicate that the prevalence of zombie companies in Portugal (in the sectors under study) is higher in periods of economic crisis and that most of them are old and large companies, especially in the hotel industry sector. By using panel data models with fixed effects, our investigation concludes that zombie firms negatively affect how healthy companies are run, because they reduce the latter’s investment expenditure and workforce productivity.
{"title":"How zombie firms affect healthy firms: The case of Portuguese trade sector","authors":"Armando Da Silva, Ana Gonçalves","doi":"10.15304/rge.31.3.8295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15304/rge.31.3.8295","url":null,"abstract":"Zombie companies can be classified as being nonprofitable, having low productivity and being ten years old or over; these businesses continue to exist due to the support of banks and governments. This paper aims to understand the impact of these types of firms on the investment, employment growth and labour productivity of healthy companies from the wholesale and retail trade and the hospitality sector during the period 2011-2018. \u0000The data obtained indicate that the prevalence of zombie companies in Portugal (in the sectors under study) is higher in periods of economic crisis and that most of them are old and large companies, especially in the hotel industry sector. \u0000By using panel data models with fixed effects, our investigation concludes that zombie firms negatively affect how healthy companies are run, because they reduce the latter’s investment expenditure and workforce productivity.","PeriodicalId":35769,"journal":{"name":"Revista Galega de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46209954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The significance of tourism in the development of regions has become of interest to academics in recent decades and its contribution is evident. The rapid tourism development is creating pressure on the destination’s competitiveness, as well as on its sustainable development. The Tatra Euroregion has been connecting two nationalities for decades via joint activities that develop the region by strengthening tourism. However, little attention is given to developing the Euroregion by way of tourism. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to identify whether the development of tourism in this Euroregion will be sustainable in the future, which can be fulfilled by answering two research questions, RQ1: What is the current state of tourism development in the Tatra Euroregion? and RQ2: Is the further development of tourism in the Tatra Euroregion subject to the principle of sustainability? We will answer the questions by analysing statistical data and documents that describe the cooperation activities within the Euroregion. The paper contributes to the analysis of cross-border cooperation within the Euroregion, as well as to research in the field of regional development with sustainable tourism, which is determined by the life cycle of the destination.
{"title":"Tourism as an engine for sustainable development in the Euroregion. Insights from the Tatra Euroregion","authors":"Vanda Maráková, Lenka Dzúriková","doi":"10.15304/rge.31.2.8378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15304/rge.31.2.8378","url":null,"abstract":"The significance of tourism in the development of regions has become of interest to academics in recent decades and its contribution is evident. The rapid tourism development is creating pressure on the destination’s competitiveness, as well as on its sustainable development. The Tatra Euroregion has been connecting two nationalities for decades via joint activities that develop the region by strengthening tourism. However, little attention is given to developing the Euroregion by way of tourism. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to identify whether the development of tourism in this Euroregion will be sustainable in the future, which can be fulfilled by answering two research questions, RQ1: What is the current state of tourism development in the Tatra Euroregion? and RQ2: Is the further development of tourism in the Tatra Euroregion subject to the principle of sustainability? We will answer the questions by analysing statistical data and documents that describe the cooperation activities within the Euroregion. The paper contributes to the analysis of cross-border cooperation within the Euroregion, as well as to research in the field of regional development with sustainable tourism, which is determined by the life cycle of the destination.","PeriodicalId":35769,"journal":{"name":"Revista Galega de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46426768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite decades of European financial stimulation for cross-border projects, the attention for cross-border cooperation (CBC) is still volatile. The focus on CBC has been fluctuating for decades, depending on political and economic trends among other aspects. Irrespective of that, it remains difficult to encourage citizens in the Dutch-German borderland to engage in cross-border working and living. Without commitment among citizens at grassroots level, CBC will primarily remain an enjoyable pastime for the euroregional elite. Based on scientific debates on border studies, this paper highlights CBC by reflecting on border-related policy. By way of illustration, this research will zoom in on the northern Meuse-Rhine Euroregion, one of the Dutch-German Euroregions. Based on some contemplations on Dutch-German cooperation in recent decades, this article concludes with some action-oriented principles for CBC which could contribute to strengthening its impact.
{"title":"Contemplations on and practical guidelines for cooperation in the Dutch-German borderland","authors":"V. Pijnenburg","doi":"10.15304/rge.31.2.8369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15304/rge.31.2.8369","url":null,"abstract":"Despite decades of European financial stimulation for cross-border projects, the attention for cross-border cooperation (CBC) is still volatile. The focus on CBC has been fluctuating for decades, depending on political and economic trends among other aspects. Irrespective of that, it remains difficult to encourage citizens in the Dutch-German borderland to engage in cross-border working and living. Without commitment among citizens at grassroots level, CBC will primarily remain an enjoyable pastime for the euroregional elite. Based on scientific debates on border studies, this paper highlights CBC by reflecting on border-related policy. By way of illustration, this research will zoom in on the northern Meuse-Rhine Euroregion, one of the Dutch-German Euroregions. Based on some contemplations on Dutch-German cooperation in recent decades, this article concludes with some action-oriented principles for CBC which could contribute to strengthening its impact.","PeriodicalId":35769,"journal":{"name":"Revista Galega de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45023053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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