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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in water-based environments: A systematic review of treatment technologies and research trends (2017–2024) 水基环境中的全氟和多氟烷基物质(PFASs):处理技术和研究趋势的系统回顾(2017-2024)
IF 1.7 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2025.110435
Syed Muzzamil Hussain Shah , Ebrahim Al-Qadami , Ismail Abdulazeez , Mohamed A. Yassin , Sani I. Abba , Dahiru U. Lawal , Isam H. Aljundi
Emerging pollutants (EPs), a diverse group of organic contaminants including pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and industrial chemicals such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), pose a significant threat to global water quality, human health, and ecological systems. These persistent and often unregulated compounds necessitate effective removal strategies. To better understand the range of available PFAS treatment methods in water and their reported efficiency, a literature-based systematic review was conducted in multiple phases, ensuring a thorough and structured analysis. In the first phase, a comprehensive search of Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) was performed, employing specific keywords to identify the relevant research. As this study prioritized experimental research on PFAS degradation and removal, the selection process involved excluding duplicates, non-English publications, modeling studies, book chapters, PFAS monitoring and characterization studies, and the review articles. After a thorough screening, the technical papers specifically investigating the treatment methods were selected for an in-depth analysis, focusing on the several parameters, including the medium type, target PFAS, treatment type, treatment method and the treatment efficacy. This review critically synthesizes key information on effective treatment technologies and experimental procedures, presenting a year-wise analysis of advancements and trends. Therefore, the findings presented herein provide a comprehensive overview of the progress in PFAS degradation technologies, highlighting key advancements, challenges, and research gaps. Thus, this review serves as a valuable resource to guide future research and the development of more efficient and sustainable PFAS treatment strategies.
新兴污染物(EPs)是一组不同的有机污染物,包括药品、个人护理产品和工业化学品,如全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质(PFAS),对全球水质、人类健康和生态系统构成重大威胁。这些持久性和不受管制的化合物需要有效的去除策略。为了更好地了解水中可用的PFAS处理方法的范围及其报道的效率,我们分多个阶段进行了基于文献的系统综述,以确保进行全面和结构化的分析。第一阶段,综合检索Scopus和Web of Science (WoS),使用特定关键词识别相关研究。由于本研究优先考虑PFAS降解和去除的实验研究,因此选择过程包括排除重复、非英文出版物、建模研究、书籍章节、PFAS监测和表征研究以及综述文章。经过全面筛选,选择专门研究处理方法的技术论文进行深入分析,重点关注介质类型、靶PFAS、处理类型、处理方法、处理效果等几个参数。本综述批判性地综合了有关有效治疗技术和实验程序的关键信息,提出了对进展和趋势的年度分析。因此,本文的研究结果提供了PFAS降解技术进展的全面概述,突出了关键进展、挑战和研究差距。因此,本综述为指导未来研究和开发更有效和可持续的PFAS治疗策略提供了宝贵的资源。
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引用次数: 0
Energetic insights into the fluorination of Cyclobutane: Mono- and Difluorocyclobutanes 对环丁烷氟化的高能洞察:单氟和二氟环丁烷
IF 1.7 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2025.110431
Matheus P. Freitas
Cyclobutane, a key cycloalkane in various functional compounds, including pharmaceuticals, exhibits significant property modifications upon fluorination, such as altered conformation, polarity, and lipophilicity. This quantum-chemical study, performed at the G3MP2B3 level, investigates the effects of mono- and difluorination of cyclobutane. It examines the energetics of incorporating axial and equatorial fluorines at geminal, vicinal, and 1,3-relative positions. Isodesmic reaction analysis reveals that fluorination of cyclobutane is thermodynamically favorable overall. However, introducing axial fluorine is less energetically favorable, rendering diaxial trans-1,2- and cis-1,3-cyclobutanes unstable. Among the isomers, 1,1-difluorocyclobutane achieves notable stabilization via an anomeric-like interaction (nF → σ*CF), whereas other isomers experience greater destabilization due to Lewis-type interactions compared to electron delocalization. Axial and equatorial CF bonds can be distinguished by their 1JCF coupling constants. These insights are valuable for the rational design of fluorinated cyclobutane derivatives with properties influenced by the stereochemical arrangement and relative positioning of fluorine atoms.
环丁烷是包括药物在内的各种功能化合物中的关键环烷烃,在氟化后表现出显著的性质改变,如构象、极性和亲脂性的改变。本量子化学研究在G3MP2B3水平上进行,研究环丁烷的单氟化和二氟化的影响。它研究了在双星位、邻星位和1,3相对位置加入轴向氟和赤道氟的能量学。等径反应分析表明,环丁烷的氟化反应在热力学上总体有利。然而,引入轴向氟在能量上不太有利,使二轴反式-1,2-和顺式-1,3-环丁烷不稳定。在同分异构体中,1,1-二氟环丁烷通过类似异构体的相互作用(nF→σ*CF)实现了显著的稳定,而其他同分异构体由于刘易斯型相互作用而与电子离域相比经历了更大的不稳定。轴向和平伏的C−F键可以通过它们的1JCF耦合常数来区分。这些见解对于合理设计受氟原子立体化学排列和相对位置影响的氟化环丁烷衍生物具有重要价值。
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引用次数: 0
One-pot cascade synthesis of fluorinated thiazolidine-, thiazoline- and thiazole-5-carboxylic acid esters from N-monosubstituted perfluoroalkanethioamides 以n -单取代全氟烷硫酰胺为原料一锅级联合成氟化噻唑烷、噻唑啉和噻唑-5-羧酸酯
IF 1.7 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2025.110433
Sergiy S. Mykhaylychenko , Svitlana V. Shishkina , Eduard B. Rusanov , Yuriy G. Shermolovich
The synthesis of new fluorinated thiazolidine-, thiazoline- and thiazole-5-carboxylic acid esters was performed via a one-pot cascade heterocyclization reaction of N-monosubstituted perfluoroalkanethioamides with methyl bromoacetate in the presence of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‑7-ene. The structures of fluorine-containing 1,3-thiazolidine and 1,3-thiazole derivatives have been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The plausible reaction pathways leading to the formation of various products are discussed. It was shown that the nature of the substituent at the nitrogen atom of thioamides, perfluoroalkyl chain length and the amount of the base significantly affect the reaction outcome.
在1,8-重氮双环[5.4.0]- 7-烯的存在下,通过n -单取代全氟烷硫酰胺与溴乙酸甲酯的一锅级联杂环反应合成了新型氟化噻唑烷、噻唑啉和噻唑-5-羧酸酯。用x射线衍射法测定了含氟的1,3-噻唑烷和1,3-噻唑衍生物的结构。讨论了导致各种产物形成的可能的反应途径。结果表明,硫酰胺氮原子上取代基的性质、全氟烷基链长和碱的用量对反应结果有显著影响。
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引用次数: 0
Sulfinyl-functionalized fluorinated imide anions for ionic liquids and battery electrolytes 离子液体和电池电解质用亚砜基功能化氟亚胺阴离子
IF 1.7 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2025.110426
Weican Hu , Xingxing Wang , Wu Hao, Pu Li, Wenfang Feng, Zhibin Zhou, Heng Zhang
To expediate the development of ionic liquids (ILs) as electrolyte materials for battery application, an adequate correlation between chemical structures of ILs and their inherent properties is essential. Herein, a series of ILs containing sulfinyl-functionalized fluorinated imide anions with a lower valence state sulfur [i.e., S(IV)] are synthesized and suggested as electrolyte candidates for battery use. Our results show that structural modifications of the sulfinyl-functionalized fluorinated imide anions allow precise control of the physical and electrochemical properties of the corresponding ILs, including thermal properties, transport behaviors, and electrochemical stability. Replacing classic sulfonyl group (–SO2–) with sulfinyl moiety (–SO–) affords ILs with higher structural flexibility, and stronger resistance towards crystallization. The incorporation of longer perfluoroalkyl functionalities slightly increases the oxidative tolerance of the ILs with sulfinyl-functionalized fluorinated imide anions, which may allow more positive participation in building the electrode-electrolyte interface. The present work brings new opportunities for customizing IL-based electrolytes for the conversion-type electrode materials with lower working potentials.
为了加速离子液体作为电池电解质材料的发展,离子液体的化学结构与其固有性质之间的充分关联是至关重要的。本文合成了一系列含有低价态硫(即S(IV))的亚砜基功能化氟亚胺阴离子的il,并建议将其作为电池使用的电解质候选物。我们的研究结果表明,对亚酰基功能化氟化亚胺阴离子的结构修饰可以精确控制相应il的物理和电化学性能,包括热性能、输运行为和电化学稳定性。用亚砜基部分(- so -)取代传统的磺酰基(- so2 -),使il具有更高的结构柔韧性和更强的抗结晶性。长全氟烷基官能团的加入略微增加了具有亚砜基官能团的氟亚胺阴离子的il的氧化耐受性,这可能允许更积极地参与建立电极-电解质界面。本研究为低功电位转换型电极材料定制基于il的电解质提供了新的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Structural characterization of new Tl+ and Pb2+ oxyfluoridozirconates deriving from hexagonal layer structures of M’xM3×9–13 general formula M - 'xM3×9-13通式六方层结构衍生的新型Tl+和Pb2+氧氟锆酸盐的结构表征
IF 1.7 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2025.110424
Jean-Paul Laval
A new series of Tl+ and Pb2+ oxyfluoridozirconates is isolated and structurally described in hexagonal symmetry, P63/mmc space group and close lattice parameters (a = 7.649 Å and c = 15.797 Å for Tl0.69Zr3O1.91F8.87; a = 7.647(2) Å and c = 15.835(4) Å for Pb0.714Zr3O2.90F7.62). The refined Tl content varies from 0.69/1 to 0.90/1 (0.71 to 0.76 for Pb) and is never stoichiometric. Their structure corresponds to a stacking of hexagonal layers containing a strong framework of ZrOF7 bicapped trigonal prisms and ZrO2F5 pentagonal bipyramids sharing edges and vertices and forming triangular clusters of formula comprised between Zr3OF18 and Zr3O4F12. These units are all centered on one O anion and interconnected via F corners with three other triangular units forming layers delimiting holes of distorted hexagonal section partly occupied by Tl+ or Pb2+ cations.
This new type is compared to many structures presenting various stackings of similar hexagonal or pseudo-hexagonal layers with M3+ or M4+ cations of high size coordinated by 6, 7, 7 + 8, 8, 8 + 9, 9 F and/or O anions. All belong to a same family of phases of M’xM3X9–13 general formula.
在Tl0.69Zr3O1.91F8.87中分离出了一系列新的Tl+和Pb2+氧氟锆酸盐,并以六方对称、P63/mmc空间群和接近的晶格参数(A = 7.649 Å和c = 15.797 Å)进行了结构描述;对于Pb0.714Zr3O2.90F7.62, a = 7.647(2) Å, c = 15.835(4) Å)。精炼后的Tl含量在0.69/1到0.90/1之间变化(Pb含量为0.71到0.76),并且不具有化学计量学意义。它们的结构对应于六边形层的堆叠,其中包含由zro2f7二头三角形棱柱和ZrO2F5五边形双棱柱组成的强框架,共享边缘和顶点,形成由Zr3OF18和Zr3O4F12组成的三角形团簇。这些单元都以一个O阴离子为中心,并通过F角与其他三个三角形单元相互连接,这些三角形单元形成的层划分了部分由Tl+或Pb2+阳离子占据的扭曲六边形截面的孔。这种新型结构与许多具有类似六边形或拟六边形层的不同堆叠的结构进行了比较,这些结构具有高尺寸的M3+或M4+阳离子,由6,7,7 + 8,8,8 + 9,9 F和/或O阴离子协调。均属于M 'xM3X9-13通式的同族相。
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引用次数: 0
Enantioselective isothiourea-catalysed α-fluorination of C1-ammonium enolates generated from arylesters 异硫脲催化芳基酯生成c1 -烯醇化铵的α-氟化反应
IF 1.7 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2025.110434
Nicole Stanek , Lotte Stockhammer , Anja Moser, Mario Waser
We herein report the chiral isothiourea-catalyzed α-fluorination of electron-deficient arylesters. This transformation proceeds via the in situ formation of chiral C1-ammonium enolates, which then undergo the α-fluorination with high levels of enantioselectivities, followed by addition of alcohols, such as MeOH, to give the final chiral α-F-esters.
本文报道了异硫脲催化的缺电子芳基化合物的手性α-氟化反应。这种转化通过原位形成手性c1 -烯醇酸铵进行,然后进行具有高水平对映选择性的α-氟化,随后加入醇,如甲醇,得到最终的手性α-f -酯。
{"title":"Enantioselective isothiourea-catalysed α-fluorination of C1-ammonium enolates generated from arylesters","authors":"Nicole Stanek ,&nbsp;Lotte Stockhammer ,&nbsp;Anja Moser,&nbsp;Mario Waser","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2025.110434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2025.110434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We herein report the chiral isothiourea-catalyzed α-fluorination of electron-deficient arylesters. This transformation proceeds via the in situ formation of chiral C1-ammonium enolates, which then undergo the α-fluorination with high levels of enantioselectivities, followed by addition of alcohols, such as MeOH, to give the final chiral α-F-esters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluorine Chemistry","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 110434"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A simplified GMP-compliant cassette synthesis for ruthenium-mediated 18F-deoxyfluorination of [18F]FPATPP from a phenolic precursor 从酚醛前体制备[18F]FPATPP的钌介导18F脱氧氟化的简化的符合gmp的盒式合成
IF 1.7 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR Pub Date : 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2025.110423
Noora A. Rajala , Edla K. Kerminen , Simo A. Salo , Melina J.J. Väkiparta , Anna K. Kirjavainen
Ruthenium-mediated 18F-deoxyfluorination of phenols is a fairly new, but highly underutilized, labeling method option of tracers for positron emission tomography (PET). Most of the published methods are directed toward peptide syntheses and include extensive preparation steps. This study aimed to simplify ruthenium-mediated 18F-deoxyfluorination of [18F]FPATPP by using the TRASIS AllinOne synthesis platform. This protocol takes minimal preparation time (1 h) and applies a straightforward synthesis that can be used to produce tracers from their electron-rich phenolic precursors bearing protic functional groups such as alcohols and amines. The new simplified cassette method afforded a novel cannabinoid receptor 1 specific tracer [18F]FPATPP with a radiochemical yield of 34 ± 2 %, radiochemical purity of ≥ 97 %, and a molar activity of 620 ± 75 GBq/µmol. The total synthesis time was 55 min. In addition, we developed an attachable accessory compatible with TRASIS AllinOne to enable needle movement to enhance the synthesis yield. Our results broaden the possibilities of a cassette based synthesis development for 18F-labeled molecules and bridge the gap between research and GMP compatible synthesis methods.
钌介导的酚类18f脱氧氟化是一种相当新的,但高度未充分利用的标记方法,用于正电子发射断层扫描(PET)。大多数已发表的方法都是针对肽的合成,包括广泛的制备步骤。本研究旨在利用TRASIS AllinOne合成平台,简化钌介导的[18F]FPATPP的18F脱氧氟化反应。该方案只需最少的准备时间(1小时),并适用于直接合成,可用于从具有质子官能团(如醇和胺)的富电子酚前体生产示踪剂。新的简化盒法获得了一种新的大麻素受体1特异性示踪剂[18F]FPATPP,其放射化学产率为34±2%,放射化学纯度≥97%,摩尔活性为620±75 GBq/µmol。总合成时间为55分钟。此外,我们开发了一个与TRASIS AllinOne兼容的附加附件,使针头能够移动,以提高合成收率。我们的研究结果拓宽了基于盒的18f标记分子合成开发的可能性,并弥合了研究与GMP兼容合成方法之间的差距。
{"title":"A simplified GMP-compliant cassette synthesis for ruthenium-mediated 18F-deoxyfluorination of [18F]FPATPP from a phenolic precursor","authors":"Noora A. Rajala ,&nbsp;Edla K. Kerminen ,&nbsp;Simo A. Salo ,&nbsp;Melina J.J. Väkiparta ,&nbsp;Anna K. Kirjavainen","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2025.110423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2025.110423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ruthenium-mediated <sup>18</sup>F-deoxyfluorination of phenols is a fairly new, but highly underutilized, labeling method option of tracers for positron emission tomography (PET). Most of the published methods are directed toward peptide syntheses and include extensive preparation steps. This study aimed to simplify ruthenium-mediated <sup>18</sup>F-deoxyfluorination of [<sup>18</sup>F]FPATPP by using the TRASIS AllinOne synthesis platform. This protocol takes minimal preparation time (1 h) and applies a straightforward synthesis that can be used to produce tracers from their electron-rich phenolic precursors bearing protic functional groups such as alcohols and amines. The new simplified cassette method afforded a novel cannabinoid receptor 1 specific tracer [<sup>18</sup>F]FPATPP with a radiochemical yield of 34 ± 2 %, radiochemical purity of ≥ 97 %, and a molar activity of 620 ± 75 GBq/µmol. The total synthesis time was 55 min. In addition, we developed an attachable accessory compatible with TRASIS AllinOne to enable needle movement to enhance the synthesis yield. Our results broaden the possibilities of a cassette based synthesis development for <sup>18</sup>F-labeled molecules and bridge the gap between research and GMP compatible synthesis methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluorine Chemistry","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 110423"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Radical 1,2-fluoroalkylation/stannylation of terminal alkynes 末端炔的自由基1,2-氟烷基化/锡化
IF 1.7 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2025.110422
Vyacheslav I. Supranovich, Alexander D. Dilman
A method for the radical 1,2-fluoroalkylation/stannylation of terminal alkynes using fluorinated bromides and a tin(II) salt is described. The reaction is performed under photocatalytic conditions and involves radical addition at the triple bond followed by interaction of the vinyl radical with tin(II). Treatment of the reaction mixture with butylzinc bromide leads to vinyl tributylstannanes, which can be involved in the Stille cross-coupling or subjected to iododestannylation.
描述了一种利用氟化溴化物和锡(II)盐对末端炔进行1,2-氟烷基化/锡基化的方法。该反应是在光催化条件下进行的,涉及自由基在三键处加成,然后乙烯基自由基与锡(II)相互作用。将反应混合物与丁基溴化锌处理得到乙烯基三丁基锡烷,其可参与Stille交叉偶联或进行碘烷基化。
{"title":"Radical 1,2-fluoroalkylation/stannylation of terminal alkynes","authors":"Vyacheslav I. Supranovich,&nbsp;Alexander D. Dilman","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2025.110422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2025.110422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A method for the radical 1,2-fluoroalkylation/stannylation of terminal alkynes using fluorinated bromides and a tin(II) salt is described. The reaction is performed under photocatalytic conditions and involves radical addition at the triple bond followed by interaction of the vinyl radical with tin(II). Treatment of the reaction mixture with butylzinc bromide leads to vinyl tributylstannanes, which can be involved in the Stille cross-coupling or subjected to iododestannylation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluorine Chemistry","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 110422"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synthesis of fluorinated 4H-chromen-4-ones from 2-hydroxyacetophenones and in vitro evaluation of their anticancer and antiviral activity 2-羟基苯乙酮合成氟化4h -铬-4-酮及其抗癌和抗病毒活性的体外评价
IF 1.7 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2025.110421
Larisa Politanskaya , Jiaying Wang , Yulia Meshkova , Mariya Marenina , Tatyana Tolstikova , Maria Niukalova , Iana Esaulkova , Alexandrina Volobueva , Vladimir Zarubaev
Simple and useful approaches to the synthesis of a large series of 2-X-substituted 4H-chromen-4-one derivatives (X = Me, CF3, SH, COOMe, COOEt), fluorinated on benzene ring, are reported. Firstly a series of 2-hydroxyacetophenones – the versatile building blocks – was synthesized via Fries rearrangement of acylphenols or by the Sonogashira reaction of polyfluorinated o-iodophenols with TIPS-acetylene, followed by the hydration of the triple bond. Then the transformations of the obtained fluorinated 2-hydroxyacetophenones with ethyl acetate, diethyl oxalate, carbon disulfide and anhydrides of carboxylic acids in the presence of base were investigated. The synthesis of 8-aryl substituted 4H-chromen-4-ones was achieved through the electrophilic iodination of phenolic compounds, followed by the Suzuki coupling of the resulting iodine-containing substrates (2-hydroxyacetophenones or chromene derivatives) with arylboric acids. In this way less reactive biologically important fluorinated 2-hydroxyacetophenones were successfully used extending the scope of the 4H-chromen-4-one family having potential biological activity. Some of the obtained fluorinated chromones were evaluated for cytotoxicity in MCF-7, HepG2, HeLa human cancer cells and in normal human foreskin fibroblast cells (hT'ER B'j1). It has been established that compound 33 has the most pronounced anticancer activity. Screening of all synthesized compounds (35 examples) for their inhibitory activity against influenza A virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) in the MDCK cell culture revealed that a number of heterocycles (32, 41, 31, 11, 3, 35) differing both in the degree of fluorination and the nature of the substituents exhibit a significant antiviral effect (SI = 12 – 24). Among the studied compounds 2-methyl-4H-chromen-4-ones 31, 35 and 3 showed pronounced antiviral inhibitory activity (IC50 = 2 – 5 μM). The most promising compound 32, containing 6,7,8-trifluorosubstituted scaffold demonstrated low toxicity (CC50 = 823 μM) and high virus inhibition activity (IC50 = 35 μM) caused SI = 24, which allows it to be considered as potential drug-candidate in further in-depth studies.
本文报道了合成大量苯环氟化的2-X取代的4h -4- 1衍生物(X = Me, CF3, SH, COOMe, COOEt)的简单而有用的方法。首先,通过酰基酚的Fries重排或多氟化邻碘酚与tips -乙炔的Sonogashira反应合成了一系列的2-羟基苯乙酮,然后是三键的水化。然后研究了在碱存在下氟化2-羟基苯乙酮与乙酸乙酯、草酸二乙酯、二硫化碳和羧酸酸酐的转化反应。8-芳基取代的4h -4- 1的合成是通过酚类化合物的亲电碘化,然后将所得到的含碘底物(2-羟基苯乙酮或芳基硼酸衍生物)与芳基硼酸铃木偶联来实现的。通过这种方式,成功地使用了反应性较低的具有重要生物学意义的氟化2-羟基苯乙酮,扩大了具有潜在生物活性的4h - chromen4 -one家族的范围。对获得的部分氟化色素在MCF-7、HepG2、HeLa人癌细胞和正常人包皮成纤维细胞(hT'ER B'j1)中的细胞毒性进行了评估。已经确定化合物33具有最显著的抗癌活性。对所有合成化合物(35个例子)在MDCK细胞培养物中对甲型流感病毒A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1)的抑制活性进行筛选,结果表明,一些不同氟化程度和取代基性质的杂环(32、41、31、11、3、35)表现出显著的抗病毒作用(SI = 12 - 24)。其中2-甲基- 4h - chromen4 -ones 31、35和3具有明显的抗病毒抑制活性(IC50 = 2 ~ 5 μM)。最有希望的化合物32含有6,7,8-三氟取代支架,具有低毒性(CC50 = 823 μM)和高病毒抑制活性(IC50 = 35 μM),导致SI = 24,这使得它被认为是潜在的候选药物,可以进一步深入研究。
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引用次数: 0
Addition reaction of 1,6-diiodoperfluorohexane with ethylene: Process optimization and kinetic study 1,6-二碘全氟己烷与乙烯加成反应:工艺优化及动力学研究
IF 1.7 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2025.110419
Zihan Ai, Baohe Wang, Zhaobang Zhang, Bangxing Yin, Jing Zhu, Jing Ma
The fluorine-containing compound with symmetrical structure (I-C2H4-(CF2)n-C2H4-I) is a widely used the intermediate of fluorine-containing copolymer having various applications in the organic fluorine chemical industry. Herein, the addition reaction of 1,6-diiodoperfluorohexane (I-C6F12-I) with ethylene was studied at different temperatures (130 to 170 °C), reaction time (4 to 12 h), solvents (acetonitrile, DMF, Py, n-hexane) and initiators (AIBN, DTBP, CuI, CuCl). The yield of the product (I-C2H4C6F12C2H4-I) was up to 73 % under optimal reaction conditions (150 °C, 10 h, CuI, acetonitrile). The kinetic equation of the reaction was derived through further studies on the reaction kinetics. The addition reaction is a consecutive reaction, the reaction order and the activation energy of the first step (I-C6F12-I to I-C6F12C2H4-I) are 1.131 and 56.53 kJ mol-1, and the reaction order and the activation energy of the second step (I-C6F12C2H4-I to I-C2H4C6F12C2H4-I) are 0.479 and 49.81 kJ mol-1. These are important results that allows for further process intensification and designing of reactor.
对称结构的含氟化合物(I-C2H4-(CF2)n-C2H4-I)是一种广泛使用的含氟共聚物中间体,在有机氟化工中有多种应用。本文研究了1,6-二碘过氟己烷(I-C6F12-I)与乙烯在不同温度(130 ~ 170℃)、反应时间(4 ~ 12 h)、溶剂(乙腈、DMF、Py、正己烷)和引发剂(AIBN、DTBP、CuI、CuCl)下的加成反应。在最佳反应条件(150℃,10 h,崔,乙腈)下,产物(I-C2H4C6F12C2H4-I)的收率可达73%。通过对反应动力学的进一步研究,导出了反应的动力学方程。加成反应为连续反应,第一步(I-C6F12-I→I-C6F12C2H4-I)的反应阶数和活化能分别为1.131和56.53 kJ mol-1,第二步(I-C6F12C2H4-I→I-C2H4C6F12C2H4-I)的反应阶数和活化能分别为0.479和49.81 kJ mol-1。这些结果对进一步的工艺强化和反应器的设计具有重要意义。
{"title":"Addition reaction of 1,6-diiodoperfluorohexane with ethylene: Process optimization and kinetic study","authors":"Zihan Ai,&nbsp;Baohe Wang,&nbsp;Zhaobang Zhang,&nbsp;Bangxing Yin,&nbsp;Jing Zhu,&nbsp;Jing Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2025.110419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2025.110419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fluorine-containing compound with symmetrical structure (I-C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>-(CF<sub>2</sub>)<sub>n</sub>-C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>-I) is a widely used the intermediate of fluorine-containing copolymer having various applications in the organic fluorine chemical industry. Herein, the addition reaction of 1,6-diiodoperfluorohexane (I-C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>12</sub>-I) with ethylene was studied at different temperatures (130 to 170 °C), reaction time (4 to 12 h), solvents (acetonitrile, DMF, Py, n-hexane) and initiators (AIBN, DTBP, CuI, CuCl). The yield of the product (I-C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4<img></sub>C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>12<img></sub>C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>-I) was up to 73 % under optimal reaction conditions (150 °C, 10 h, CuI, acetonitrile). The kinetic equation of the reaction was derived through further studies on the reaction kinetics. The addition reaction is a consecutive reaction, the reaction order and the activation energy of the first step (I-C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>12</sub>-I to I-C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>12<img></sub>C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>-I) are 1.131 and 56.53 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>, and the reaction order and the activation energy of the second step (I-C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>12<img></sub>C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>-I to I-C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4<img></sub>C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>12<img></sub>C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>-I) are 0.479 and 49.81 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>. These are important results that allows for further process intensification and designing of reactor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluorine Chemistry","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 110419"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143641787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Journal of Fluorine Chemistry
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