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2005 IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology最新文献

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Distribution system risk assessment based on historical reliability performance 基于历史可靠性性能的配电系统风险评估
Pub Date : 2005-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2005.1626967
A. Chowdhury
In an attempt to re-regulate the distribution segment of an electric power system, public utility commissions (PUCs) are increasingly adopting a reward/penalty framework in order to guarantee acceptable electric supply reliability. This reward/penalty framework is commonly known as performance based ratemaking (PBR). A PBR framework is introduced to provide distribution utilities with incentives for economic efficiency gains in the competitive generation and transmission markets. A distribution utility's historical reliability performance records could be utilized to create practical PBR mechanisms. This paper presents actual reliability performance history from two different Canadian utilities used to develop PBR frameworks for use in a re-regulated environment. An analysis of financial risk related to historic reliability data is presented by including reliability index probability distributions in a PBR plan. In addition, this paper identifies a number of factors and issues that should be considered in generating a PBR plan for a distribution utility. A brief analysis of cause contributions to reliability indices also is performed and presented in this paper. The historic reliability based PBR framework developed in this paper finds practical applications in the emerging deregulated electricity market
为了重新管制电力系统的分配部分,公用事业委员会越来越多地采用奖罚框架,以保证可接受的电力供应可靠性。这种奖励/惩罚框架通常被称为基于绩效的费率制定(PBR)。引入PBR框架是为了在竞争激烈的发电和输电市场中为配电公司提供经济效率提高的激励。配电设施的历史可靠性性能记录可用于创建实用的PBR机制。本文介绍了两个不同的加拿大公用事业公司的实际可靠性性能历史,用于开发用于重新监管环境的PBR框架。通过在PBR计划中引入可靠性指标概率分布,分析了与历史可靠性数据相关的财务风险。此外,本文还确定了在为配电设施生成PBR计划时应该考虑的许多因素和问题。本文还对可靠性指标的原因贡献进行了简要分析。本文提出的基于历史可靠性的PBR框架在新兴的放松管制的电力市场中具有实际应用价值
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引用次数: 4
A hierarchical key pre-distribution scheme 一种分层密钥预分发方案
Pub Date : 2005-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2005.1626994
M. Ramkumar, N. Memon, R. Simha
We present an efficient, scalable, and renewable hierarchical random key predistribution (KPD) scheme as an enabler for a low complexity security infrastructure. As the proposed KPD scheme employs only symmetric cryptographic primitives it permits resource constrained nodes to take part in the deployment. Further, two nodes need to exchange only their IDs before they can establish a shared secret. The proposed KPD scheme provides scalable security for different levels of the hierarchy depending on available resources. In addition higher levels of the hierarchy are protected from security breaches in lower levels
我们提出了一种高效、可扩展和可更新的分层随机密钥预分发(KPD)方案,作为低复杂性安全基础架构的实现器。由于所提出的KPD方案仅使用对称加密原语,因此它允许资源受限的节点参与部署。此外,两个节点在建立共享秘密之前只需要交换它们的id。建议的KPD方案根据可用资源为层次结构的不同级别提供可扩展的安全性。此外,层次结构的较高级别可以防止较低级别的安全漏洞
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引用次数: 20
Inversion ranks for lossless compression of color palette images 对调色板图像进行无损压缩的逆向排序
Pub Date : 2005-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2005.1626986
Z. Arnavut, F. Sahin
Palette images are widely used in World Wide Web (WWW) and game cartridges applications. Many image used in the WWW are stored and transmitted after they are compressed losslessly with the standard graphics interchange format (GIF), or portable network graphic (PNG). Well known two dimensional compression scheme; such as JPEG-LS and CALIC, fails to yield better compression than GIF or PNG, due to the fact that the pixel value represent indices that point to color values in a look-up table. The GIF standard uses Lempel-Ziv compression, which treats the image as a one-dimensional sequence of index values, ignoring two-dimensional nature. Bzip, another universal compressor, yields even better compression gain that the GIF, PNG, JPEG-LS, and CALIC. Variants of block sorting coders, such as Bzip2, utilize Burrows-Wheeler transformation (BWT) by Burrows M. and Wheeler D. J. (1994), followed by move-to-front (MTF) transformation by Bentley J. L. (1986), Elias, P (1987) before using a statistical coder at the final stage. In this paper, we show that the compression performance of block sorting coder can be improved almost 14% on average by utilizing inversion ranks instead of the move-to-front coding
调色板图像广泛用于万维网(WWW)和游戏卡带应用程序。万维网中使用的许多图像都是用标准图形交换格式(GIF)或便携式网络图形(PNG)进行无损压缩后存储和传输的。众所周知的二维压缩格式;如JPEG-LS和CALIC,不能产生比GIF或PNG更好的压缩,因为像素值表示指向查找表中颜色值的索引。GIF标准使用Lempel-Ziv压缩,它将图像视为索引值的一维序列,忽略二维性质。Bzip是另一种通用压缩器,比GIF、PNG、JPEG-LS和CALIC产生更好的压缩效果。块排序编码器的变体,如Bzip2,利用Burrows M.和Wheeler D. J.(1994)的Burrows-Wheeler变换(BWT),然后是Bentley J. L. (1986), Elias, P .(1987)的移动到前面(MTF)变换,然后在最后阶段使用统计编码器。在本文中,我们证明了块排序编码器的压缩性能可以通过使用倒排而不是移动到前面的编码平均提高近14%
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引用次数: 3
Effects of parameter variations on timing characteristics of clocked registers 参数变化对时钟寄存器时序特性的影响
Pub Date : 2005-05-22 DOI: 10.1142/S0218126609005678
William R. Roberts, D. Velenis
Violations in the timing constraints of a clocked register can cause a synchronous system to malfunction. The effects of parameter variations on the timing characteristics of registers that determine the timing constraints are investigated in this paper. The sensitivity of the setup time and data propagation delay on parameter variations is demonstrated for three different register designs that represent different tradeoff choices between performance and power dissipation. The robustness of each register design under variations in power supply voltage, temperature, and gate oxide thickness is discussed
违反时钟寄存器的时间限制可能导致同步系统故障。本文研究了参数变化对寄存器时序特性的影响,这些特性决定了时序约束。在三种不同的寄存器设计中展示了设置时间和数据传播延迟对参数变化的敏感性,这些设计代表了性能和功耗之间的不同权衡选择。讨论了各寄存器设计在电源电压、温度和栅极氧化物厚度变化下的鲁棒性
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引用次数: 7
Computer assisted visual interactive recognition (CAVIAR) technology 计算机辅助视觉交互识别(CAVIAR)技术
Pub Date : 2005-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2005.1627041
A. Evans, J. Sikorski, P. Thomas, Sung-Hyuk Cha, C. Tappert, Jie Zou, A. Gattani, G. Nagy
The distinctive aspect of the CAVIAR technology is a visible, parameterized geometrical model that serves as the human-computer communication channel. Evaluation of CAVIAR flower and face recognition systems shows that their accuracy is much higher than that of the machine alone; their recognition time is much lower than that of the human alone; they can be initialized with a single reference sample per class; and they improve with use. CAVIAR-flower has been ported to stand-alone and to wireless laptop-client personal digital assistants (PDAs)
CAVIAR技术的独特之处在于一个可见的、参数化的几何模型,它可以作为人机通信通道。对鱼子酱花和人脸识别系统的评估表明,它们的准确率远远高于机器单独使用;它们的识别时间远低于人类的识别时间;它们可以用每个类的单个引用样本初始化;而且它们会随着使用而改善。鱼子酱花已经移植到单机和无线笔记本客户端个人数字助理(pda)上。
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引用次数: 17
An electromagnetic acoustic transduction technique for detecting strut fractures in artificial heart valves 一种检测人工心脏瓣膜支架断裂的电磁声转导技术
Pub Date : 2005-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2005.1626969
S. Ramakrishnan, N. Nair, R. Clifford, S. Majumdar, S.C. Chan, Y. Li, P. Ramuhalli, L. Udpa, S. Udpa
This paper discusses a completely noninvasive technique to detect single leg separation in Bjork-Shiley convexo-concave (BSCC) heart valves. Prior studies have shown that the resonant frequencies of the valve depend on the condition of the strut. The technique described here uses electromagnetic methods to mechanically excite the valve across a range of frequencies of interest and determine the resonant frequency of the valve. Results obtained with a prototype setup are presented which demonstrate the usefulness of the technique in a clinical setting for detecting single leg separated (SLS) condition in patients with BSCC heart valves
本文讨论了一种完全无创检测Bjork-Shiley凸凹(BSCC)心脏瓣膜单腿分离的技术。先前的研究表明,阀的谐振频率取决于支撑结构的状态。这里描述的技术使用电磁方法在感兴趣的频率范围内机械激励阀门,并确定阀门的谐振频率。通过原型装置获得的结果表明,该技术在临床环境中用于检测BSCC心脏瓣膜患者的单腿分离(SLS)状况的有效性
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引用次数: 1
Delay modeling using ramp and realistic signal waveforms 延迟建模使用斜坡和现实的信号波形
Pub Date : 2005-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2005.1626972
R. Gandhi, J. Shiffer, D. Gandhi, D. Velenis
Accurate estimation of circuit delay has become a primary requirement to ensure the correct synchronization of high speed synchronous integrated circuits. In this paper, the difference in circuit delay simulated using ramp and realistic signal waveforms is investigated. It is shown that the realistic signal waveform produces larger delay estimates than the ramp waveform. Ramp and realistic waveforms are also used to characterize circuit cells and acquire close delay approximations using static timing analysis. Finally, noise effects that introduce variations in circuit delay are considered. Variations in delay due to these effects are calculated using ramp and realistic signal waveforms
准确估计电路延迟已成为保证高速同步集成电路正确同步的首要要求。本文研究了用斜坡波形和真实信号波形模拟电路延迟的差异。结果表明,实际信号波形比斜坡波形产生更大的延迟估计。斜坡和真实波形也用于表征电路单元,并通过静态时序分析获得接近的延迟近似。最后,考虑了引入电路延迟变化的噪声效应。由于这些影响的延迟变化使用斜坡和实际信号波形计算
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引用次数: 3
Hand gesture selection and recognition for visual-based human-machine interface 基于视觉人机界面的手势选择与识别
Pub Date : 2005-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2005.1627038
A. Chalechale, F. Safaei, G. Naghdy, P. Premaratne
A new paradigm has been proposed for gesture selection and recognition. The paradigm is based on statistical classification, which has applications in telemedicine, virtual reality, computer games, and sign language studies. The aims of this paper are (1) how to select an appropriate set of gestures having a satisfactory level of discrimination power, and (2) comparison of invariant moments (conventional and Zernike) and geometric properties in recognizing hand gestures. Two-dimensional structures, namely cluster-property and cluster-features matrices, have been employed for gesture selection and to evaluate different gesture characteristics. Moment invariants, Zernike moments, and geometric features are employed for classification and recognition rates are compared. Comparative results confirm better performance of the geometric features
提出了一种新的手势选择和识别范式。该范式基于统计分类,应用于远程医疗、虚拟现实、电脑游戏和手语研究。本文的目的是:(1)如何选择一组合适的具有满意识别能力的手势;(2)比较手势识别中的不变矩(常规和泽尼克)和几何性质。二维结构,即聚类属性和聚类特征矩阵,被用于手势选择和评估不同的手势特征。采用矩不变量、泽尼克矩和几何特征进行分类,并比较了识别率。对比结果证实了几何特征的较好表现
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引用次数: 2
Energy macro-modeling of embedded microprocessor using SystemC 基于SystemC的嵌入式微处理器能量宏建模
Pub Date : 2005-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2005.1627055
Jinwen Xi, Zhaohui Huang, Peixin Zhong
System-on-chip (SoC) is increasingly adopted in VLSI world with the advancing silicon technologies. Integrating multiple functional IPs (intellectual property) onto a single die increases performance and saves power consumption by reducing interconnecting capacitance among these IPs. Embedded microprocessor acts as the central controlling unit of many SoCs to orchestrate all the other IPs to work harmoniously. Low and predictable energy consumption is often required for these systems. This paper proposes an empirical macro-modeling methodology allowing energy modeling at the system level. High-level macro-operations are characterized for energy consumption. This modeling framework is implemented for a MIPS-family microprocessor using SystemC, a system-level modeling and simulation environment. Using the JPEG encoder application as case study, a simulation speed-up of more than 200 times with the relative error of -6.70% on energy estimation is achieved compared to instruction-level simulators. Meanwhile, this model provides support to multiprocessor energy modeling, which is unavailable currently in the instruction-level energy simulators
随着硅技术的发展,片上系统(SoC)越来越多地应用于超大规模集成电路领域。将多个功能ip(知识产权)集成到一个芯片上,通过减少这些ip之间的互连电容,可以提高性能并节省功耗。嵌入式微处理器作为许多soc的中央控制单元,协调所有其他ip协调工作。这些系统通常需要低且可预测的能耗。本文提出了一种经验宏观建模方法,允许在系统层面上进行能源建模。高级宏观操作的特点是能耗。采用系统级建模和仿真环境SystemC实现了mips系列微处理器的建模框架。以JPEG编码器应用程序为例,与指令级模拟器相比,仿真速度提高了200倍以上,能量估计的相对误差为-6.70%。同时,该模型还支持多处理器能量建模,这是目前指令级能量模拟器无法实现的
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引用次数: 5
A Monte Carlo simulation model for reliability evaluation of transmission systems 输电系统可靠性评估的蒙特卡罗仿真模型
Pub Date : 2005-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2005.1626966
A. Chowdhury
The Alberta Interconnected System (AIS) forms a single integrated transmission network serving the province of Alberta. ATCO Electric Limited, formerly Alberta Power Limited (APL), who owns and operates a portion of this system, has traditionally relied on implicit criteria for evaluating system reliability performance and the need for system enhancements. Since 1990, however, increasing emphasize is being placed on value-based probabilistic assessments that attempt to quantify the risk of system disturbances, as well as the cost and the benefit of system enhancement projects. A case study is presented in this paper in which a new value-based Monte Carlo simulation approach is utilized to compute popular customer oriented reliability indices for a local area supplied by the main Alberta provincial grid
阿尔伯塔互联系统(AIS)形成了一个单一的综合传输网络,服务于阿尔伯塔省。ATCO Electric Limited(前身为Alberta Power Limited (APL))拥有并运营该系统的一部分,传统上依赖于评估系统可靠性性能和系统增强需求的隐式标准。然而,自1990年以来,越来越多的重点放在基于价值的概率评估上,这种评估试图量化系统干扰的风险,以及系统增强项目的成本和收益。本文提出了一种新的基于值的蒙特卡罗模拟方法,用于计算由阿尔伯塔省主电网供电的局部地区的流行的面向客户的可靠性指标
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2005 IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology
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