Paula Pupune, I. Puana, John Allen, Daniel Kelly, Amrita Ronnachit
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has the potential to reverse gains made in modern medicine and seriously jeopardize the lives of people and animals from infections that were once readily treatable (FAO/OIE 2015). Adopting a one health approach is critical to better understand and mitigate factors driving the emerging concern of AMR. Although the development and transmission of AMR in wildlife is not well understood, there is growing evidence that it is associated with proximity to humans or domestic animals. Papua New Guinea (PNG) faces some unique challenges for zoonotic spillover disease events and transmission of AMR between animals and humans. These challenges arise from the erosion of wildlife habitats due to deforestation and close contact of wildlife with villagers and their village-based livestock raised under free-range systems. Papua New Guinea’s human health system and the animal health field and laboratory services are resource-limited and are facing many human and animal disease challenges. The Fleming Fund Country Grant, implemented by the Burnet Institute Australia, is working with Papua New Guinea government and industry stakeholders to tackle AMR by encouraging information sharing, raising awareness, and supporting laboratory capacity in human and animal health for effective AMR surveillance. In addition, national legislation is being strengthened to support implementation of the Papua New Guinea Antimicrobial Resistance National Action Plan (Government of Papua New Guinea 2019) to encourage the judicious use and effective monitoring of antimicrobial medicines in humans and animals.
抗菌素耐药性（AMR）有可能逆转现代医学所取得的成果，并严重危害人类和动物的生命，使其受到曾经很容易治疗的感染（粮农组织/世界动物卫生组织，2015 年）。采用一种健康方法对于更好地理解和减轻导致新出现的 AMR 问题的因素至关重要。尽管人们对野生动物体内 AMR 的发展和传播还不甚了解，但越来越多的证据表明，这与野生动物接近人类或家畜有关。巴布亚新几内亚（PNG）在人畜共患病外溢事件以及动物与人类之间的 AMR 传播方面面临着一些独特的挑战。这些挑战源于森林砍伐对野生动物栖息地的侵蚀，以及野生动物与村民及其在村里散养的家畜的密切接触。巴布亚新几内亚的人类健康系统以及动物健康领域和实验室服务资源有限，面临着许多人类和动物疾病挑战。由澳大利亚伯纳特研究所实施的弗莱明基金国家赠款正在与巴布亚新几内亚政府和行业利益相关者合作，通过鼓励信息共享、提高意识以及支持人类和动物健康实验室能力来有效监测 AMR，从而解决 AMR 问题。此外，巴布亚新几内亚正在加强国家立法，以支持《巴布亚新几内亚抗菌药物耐药性国家行动计划》（巴布亚新几内亚政府，2019 年）的实施，鼓励在人类和动物中合理使用和有效监测抗菌药物。
{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance threatening animal-human health in Papua New Guinea","authors":"Paula Pupune, I. Puana, John Allen, Daniel Kelly, Amrita Ronnachit","doi":"10.7882/az.2023.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7882/az.2023.040","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has the potential to reverse gains made in modern medicine and seriously jeopardize the lives of people and animals from infections that were once readily treatable (FAO/OIE 2015). Adopting a one health approach is critical to better understand and mitigate factors driving the emerging concern of AMR. Although the development and transmission of AMR in wildlife is not well understood, there is growing evidence that it is associated with proximity to humans or domestic animals. Papua New Guinea (PNG) faces some unique challenges for zoonotic spillover disease events and transmission of AMR between animals and humans. These challenges arise from the erosion of wildlife habitats due to deforestation and close contact of wildlife with villagers and their village-based livestock raised under free-range systems. Papua New Guinea’s human health system and the animal health field and laboratory services are resource-limited and are facing many human and animal disease challenges. The Fleming Fund Country Grant, implemented by the Burnet Institute Australia, is working with Papua New Guinea government and industry stakeholders to tackle AMR by encouraging information sharing, raising awareness, and supporting laboratory capacity in human and animal health for effective AMR surveillance. In addition, national legislation is being strengthened to support implementation of the Papua New Guinea Antimicrobial Resistance National Action Plan (Government of Papua New Guinea 2019) to encourage the judicious use and effective monitoring of antimicrobial medicines in humans and animals.","PeriodicalId":35849,"journal":{"name":"Australian Zoologist","volume":"31 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139263413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mike Danaher, Benjamin Shanks, Benjamin T Jones, Rolf Schlagloth
Most Queensland islands today have no koalas, but in the past several islands were inhabited by the iconic marsupial. Using historical research methods, this paper compiles what is known about the arrival of koalas on Queensland islands, both naturally occurring and translocated, and discusses their persistence, current status, environments and threats. Seventeen islands are identified as having a history of koalas with 13 of these islands having once been part of the koala’s natural range. Two of these islands with natural populations plus four unoccupied islands received historical translocations as early as the 1920s and 1930s as a conservation tool or to boost tourism. Currently, 7 of the 17 islands still have koalas. For future research, the paper raises the important question about whether some Queensland islands are suitable habitat sanctuaries for koalas for further translocations.
{"title":"How did they get there? A history of koalas on Queensland’s islands","authors":"Mike Danaher, Benjamin Shanks, Benjamin T Jones, Rolf Schlagloth","doi":"10.7882/az.2023.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7882/az.2023.039","url":null,"abstract":"Most Queensland islands today have no koalas, but in the past several islands were inhabited by the iconic marsupial. Using historical research methods, this paper compiles what is known about the arrival of koalas on Queensland islands, both naturally occurring and translocated, and discusses their persistence, current status, environments and threats. Seventeen islands are identified as having a history of koalas with 13 of these islands having once been part of the koala’s natural range. Two of these islands with natural populations plus four unoccupied islands received historical translocations as early as the 1920s and 1930s as a conservation tool or to boost tourism. Currently, 7 of the 17 islands still have koalas. For future research, the paper raises the important question about whether some Queensland islands are suitable habitat sanctuaries for koalas for further translocations.","PeriodicalId":35849,"journal":{"name":"Australian Zoologist","volume":"9 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139265397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Lunney, Holly Cope, Joanna Griffith, Corinna Orcheg, Jessica Bryant, R. Haering
In line with the objectives of both the 2022 National Recovery Plan for the Koala Phascolarctos cinereus and 2022 NSW Koala Strategy, our study aimed to draw on the long-term records of koala rescue in NSW from 1973 to 2020 to describe trends in admissions across NSW. A total of 18,039 koala admission records were collated from 1973 to 2020. Koalas were rescued due to disease, motor vehicle collision, dog attacks, unsuitable environment, bushfire, orphaning, and other reasons. However, the reasons for rescue were not evenly distributed among the rehabilitation groups. Across all rehabilitation groups and all years (1973-2020), the release rate of all admitted koalas was 47.6%. The NSW Koala Strategy identifies an action of “supporting koala rehabilitators” (Pillar 3 Improving the safety and health of koalas), and strong partnerships, including with koala rehabilitators, are “critical to achieving success”. Our study has confirmed that strong partnerships are possible and identified the prevalence of disease and trauma in rescued koalas. While it is not possible to assess the scale of the threats from disease and trauma to koala populations from rehabilitation records alone, we can use the trends in admissions to inform the efficient distribution of resources to rescue and rehabilitation efforts.
{"title":"Trends in the rescue and fate of koalas in New South Wales (1973-2020), with a focus on disease and trauma","authors":"Daniel Lunney, Holly Cope, Joanna Griffith, Corinna Orcheg, Jessica Bryant, R. Haering","doi":"10.7882/az.2023.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7882/az.2023.026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In line with the objectives of both the 2022 National Recovery Plan for the Koala Phascolarctos cinereus and 2022 NSW Koala Strategy, our study aimed to draw on the long-term records of koala rescue in NSW from 1973 to 2020 to describe trends in admissions across NSW. A total of 18,039 koala admission records were collated from 1973 to 2020. Koalas were rescued due to disease, motor vehicle collision, dog attacks, unsuitable environment, bushfire, orphaning, and other reasons. However, the reasons for rescue were not evenly distributed among the rehabilitation groups. Across all rehabilitation groups and all years (1973-2020), the release rate of all admitted koalas was 47.6%. The NSW Koala Strategy identifies an action of “supporting koala rehabilitators” (Pillar 3 Improving the safety and health of koalas), and strong partnerships, including with koala rehabilitators, are “critical to achieving success”. Our study has confirmed that strong partnerships are possible and identified the prevalence of disease and trauma in rescued koalas. While it is not possible to assess the scale of the threats from disease and trauma to koala populations from rehabilitation records alone, we can use the trends in admissions to inform the efficient distribution of resources to rescue and rehabilitation efforts.","PeriodicalId":35849,"journal":{"name":"Australian Zoologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47569901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Museum specimens have been used as a convenient alternative to live or fresh animals in an increasing number of studies on fur photoluminescence. Although effects of chemical preservation on specimens have been noted, they have not been experimentally tested. I used a series of experiments to answer whether fixation and wet preservation, or tanning, alters the expression of fur photoluminescence in museum specimens. The photoluminescence of northern brown bandicoot, Isoodon macrourus, fur survived initial fixation, but the photoluminescence of both bandicoot and laboratory rat, Rattus norvegicus, fur was severely compromised by longer-term preservation in ethanol. Both chemical and alum tanning eliminated the blue-white photoluminescence of rat fur, but not the pink photoluminescence of bandicoot fur. The results of these small-scale tests indicate that museum-based studies using wet-preserved specimens are likely to be an underestimate of natural photoluminescence in live animals.
{"title":"Loss of photoluminescence in wet-preserved rat and bandicoot specimens","authors":"Linda M Reinhold","doi":"10.7882/az.2023.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7882/az.2023.027","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Museum specimens have been used as a convenient alternative to live or fresh animals in an increasing number of studies on fur photoluminescence. Although effects of chemical preservation on specimens have been noted, they have not been experimentally tested. I used a series of experiments to answer whether fixation and wet preservation, or tanning, alters the expression of fur photoluminescence in museum specimens. The photoluminescence of northern brown bandicoot, Isoodon macrourus, fur survived initial fixation, but the photoluminescence of both bandicoot and laboratory rat, Rattus norvegicus, fur was severely compromised by longer-term preservation in ethanol. Both chemical and alum tanning eliminated the blue-white photoluminescence of rat fur, but not the pink photoluminescence of bandicoot fur. The results of these small-scale tests indicate that museum-based studies using wet-preserved specimens are likely to be an underestimate of natural photoluminescence in live animals.","PeriodicalId":35849,"journal":{"name":"Australian Zoologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47232723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bright pink-orange-red photoluminescent (fluorescent and/or phosphorescent) fur is being found in an increasing number and diversity of mammal species. With the molecules causing these colours of photoluminescent emission suspected to be mostly photosensitive porphyrins, degradation from light exposure is an unquantified contributor to false negatives in museum-based surveys. I tested the resistance of pink photoluminescent bandicoot, Peramelidae, fur to exposure to natural sunlight and artificial laboratory lighting. Photoluminescence underwent visibly noticeable photobleaching in two minutes of direct sun exposure, or a few hours when exposed to indoor lighting. The fleeting nature of porphyrins means that an accurate representation of pink-orange-red photoluminescence should not be expected in specimens that have been exposed to light, whether in life, post-mortem, during taxidermy or on display.
{"title":"Photobleaching of pink photoluminescence in bandicoot fur","authors":"Linda M Reinhold","doi":"10.7882/az.2023.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7882/az.2023.028","url":null,"abstract":"Bright pink-orange-red photoluminescent (fluorescent and/or phosphorescent) fur is being found in an increasing number and diversity of mammal species. With the molecules causing these colours of photoluminescent emission suspected to be mostly photosensitive porphyrins, degradation from light exposure is an unquantified contributor to false negatives in museum-based surveys. I tested the resistance of pink photoluminescent bandicoot, Peramelidae, fur to exposure to natural sunlight and artificial laboratory lighting. Photoluminescence underwent visibly noticeable photobleaching in two minutes of direct sun exposure, or a few hours when exposed to indoor lighting. The fleeting nature of porphyrins means that an accurate representation of pink-orange-red photoluminescence should not be expected in specimens that have been exposed to light, whether in life, post-mortem, during taxidermy or on display.","PeriodicalId":35849,"journal":{"name":"Australian Zoologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49390098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Our review of the taxonomy of Australia’s endemic Calyptorhynchinae black cockatoos based on morphology, ecology, biology, vocalisations, distributions, and genetic studies concluded that they constitute two genera; those with red subterminal tail bands in the genus Calyptorhynchus Desmarest, 1826 and those with white or yellow subterminal tail bands in the genus Zanda Mathews, 1913. We also concluded that the genus Calyptorhynchus is made up of six monotypic species: Northern Red-tailed Cockatoo C. banksii Latham, 1790; South-eastern Red-tailed Cockatoo C. graptogyne Schodde, Saunders and Homberger, 1988; Forest Red-tailed Cockatoo C. naso Gould, 1837; Inland Red-tailed Cockatoo C. samueli Mathews, 1917; Western Red-tailed Cockatoo C. escondidus Ewart, Joseph and Schodde, 2020; and Glossy Cockatoo C. lathami Temminck, 1807. Formerly, the five red-tailed taxa were regarded as subspecies and the Glossy Cockatoo consisted of three subspecies. In addition, we concluded that the genus Zanda is made up of five monotypic species: two with white subterminal tail bands, Baudin’s Cockatoo Z. baudinii Lear, 1832 and Carnaby’s Cockatoo Z. latirostris Carnaby, 1948; and three with yellow subterminal tail bands, Eastern Yellow-tailed Cockatoo Z. funerea Shaw, 1794, Western Yellow-tailed Cockatoo Z. whiteae Mathews, 1912, and Tasmanian Yellow-tailed Cockatoo Z. xanthanota Gould, 1838. Formerly, the three yellow-tailed taxa were regarded as subspecies. As all cockatoos with coloured subterminal tail bands are black, we recommend deleting the word black from their common names.
本文对澳大利亚特有的Calyptorhynchinae黑凤头鹦鹉的形态学、生态学、生物学、鸣叫、分布和遗传学研究进行了综述，认为它们分为两个属;Calyptorhynchus Desmarest属(1826)和Zanda Mathews属(1913)的尾带为白色或黄色的尾带。我们还认为Calyptorhynchus属由6个单型种组成:Northern Red-tailed Cockatoo C. banksii Latham, 1790;东南红尾凤头鹦鹉C. grapygyne Schodde, Saunders and Homberger, 1988;森林红尾鹦鹉C. naso Gould, 1837;内陆红尾凤头鹦鹉C.塞缪尔·马修斯，1917;西部红尾凤头鹦鹉C. escondidus Ewart, Joseph and Schodde, 2020;和光泽凤头鹦鹉C. lathami Temminck, 1807年。以前，五个红尾分类群被视为亚种，而光泽凤头鹦鹉由三个亚种组成。此外，我们还得出了Zanda属由5个单型种组成的结论:2个具有白色近端尾带的种:Baudin 's Cockatoo Z. baudinii Lear, 1832年和Carnaby 's Cockatoo Z. latirostris Carnaby, 1948年;还有3只尾带黄色的，分别是:东部黄尾凤头鹦鹉Z.葬礼凤头鹦鹉，1794年，西部黄尾凤头鹦鹉Z.怀特凤头鹦鹉，马修斯，1912年，塔斯马尼亚黄尾凤头鹦鹉Z.黄尾凤头鹦鹉，1838年。以前，三个黄尾类群被认为是亚种。由于所有具有彩色尾带的凤头鹦鹉都是黑色的，我们建议将“黑色”一词从它们的常用名称中删除。
{"title":"A review of the taxonomy and distribution of Australia’s endemic Calyptorhynchinae black cockatoos","authors":"D. Saunders, G. Pickup","doi":"10.7882/az.2023.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7882/az.2023.022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Our review of the taxonomy of Australia’s endemic Calyptorhynchinae black cockatoos based on morphology, ecology, biology, vocalisations, distributions, and genetic studies concluded that they constitute two genera; those with red subterminal tail bands in the genus Calyptorhynchus Desmarest, 1826 and those with white or yellow subterminal tail bands in the genus Zanda Mathews, 1913. We also concluded that the genus Calyptorhynchus is made up of six monotypic species: Northern Red-tailed Cockatoo C. banksii Latham, 1790; South-eastern Red-tailed Cockatoo C. graptogyne Schodde, Saunders and Homberger, 1988; Forest Red-tailed Cockatoo C. naso Gould, 1837; Inland Red-tailed Cockatoo C. samueli Mathews, 1917; Western Red-tailed Cockatoo C. escondidus Ewart, Joseph and Schodde, 2020; and Glossy Cockatoo C. lathami Temminck, 1807. Formerly, the five red-tailed taxa were regarded as subspecies and the Glossy Cockatoo consisted of three subspecies. In addition, we concluded that the genus Zanda is made up of five monotypic species: two with white subterminal tail bands, Baudin’s Cockatoo Z. baudinii Lear, 1832 and Carnaby’s Cockatoo Z. latirostris Carnaby, 1948; and three with yellow subterminal tail bands, Eastern Yellow-tailed Cockatoo Z. funerea Shaw, 1794, Western Yellow-tailed Cockatoo Z. whiteae Mathews, 1912, and Tasmanian Yellow-tailed Cockatoo Z. xanthanota Gould, 1838. Formerly, the three yellow-tailed taxa were regarded as subspecies. As all cockatoos with coloured subterminal tail bands are black, we recommend deleting the word black from their common names.","PeriodicalId":35849,"journal":{"name":"Australian Zoologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42626871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"So Many Snakes, So Little Time, Uncovering the Secret Lives of Australia’s Serpents","authors":"H. Heatwole","doi":"10.7882/az.2023.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7882/az.2023.020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35849,"journal":{"name":"Australian Zoologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42150406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tsuyoshi Kobayashi, Jan Miller, R. Shiel, H. Segers, Simon J. Hunter
Inland wetlands are areas of high biodiversity, providing various ecosystem services. In this study, we assessed the species diversity of wetland zooplankton in the Lachlan River catchment. Biodiversity sampling is labour-intensive and attained sample size is often not large enough to detect all species present. Therefore, we applied integrated rarefaction and extrapolation sampling curves and asymptotic analysis to estimate species richness. We observed 103 species of rotifers, 29 species of cladocerans and 13 species of copepods, with further 14 rotifers, three cladocerans and four copepods identified at higher than species level, totalling 117 taxa of rotifers, 32 taxa of cladocerans and 17 taxa of copepods from 36 wetland sites across the catchment. The observed zooplankton species included the first record of the rotifer Trochosphaera solstitialis in Australia, and the first record of the rotifers Brachionus lyratus tasmaniensis, Keratella shieli, Lepadella tyleri, Notholca salina and N. squamula and the cladoceran Alona setuloides in NSW. Based on the integrated sampling curves and asymptotic analysis of species richness in wetlands of the Lachlan River catchment, greater additions of rotifers (estimated asymptote: ≈ 145) are more likely to be realised with increasing sample size than those of cladocerans (estimated asymptote: ≈ 36) and copepods (estimated asymptote: ≈ 18).
{"title":"Diversity of wetland zooplankton in the Lachlan River catchment, New South Wales, Australia","authors":"Tsuyoshi Kobayashi, Jan Miller, R. Shiel, H. Segers, Simon J. Hunter","doi":"10.7882/az.2023.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7882/az.2023.021","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Inland wetlands are areas of high biodiversity, providing various ecosystem services. In this study, we assessed the species diversity of wetland zooplankton in the Lachlan River catchment. Biodiversity sampling is labour-intensive and attained sample size is often not large enough to detect all species present. Therefore, we applied integrated rarefaction and extrapolation sampling curves and asymptotic analysis to estimate species richness. We observed 103 species of rotifers, 29 species of cladocerans and 13 species of copepods, with further 14 rotifers, three cladocerans and four copepods identified at higher than species level, totalling 117 taxa of rotifers, 32 taxa of cladocerans and 17 taxa of copepods from 36 wetland sites across the catchment. The observed zooplankton species included the first record of the rotifer Trochosphaera solstitialis in Australia, and the first record of the rotifers Brachionus lyratus tasmaniensis, Keratella shieli, Lepadella tyleri, Notholca salina and N. squamula and the cladoceran Alona setuloides in NSW. Based on the integrated sampling curves and asymptotic analysis of species richness in wetlands of the Lachlan River catchment, greater additions of rotifers (estimated asymptote: ≈ 145) are more likely to be realised with increasing sample size than those of cladocerans (estimated asymptote: ≈ 36) and copepods (estimated asymptote: ≈ 18).","PeriodicalId":35849,"journal":{"name":"Australian Zoologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46047092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
James L Sansom, M. Blythman, Ron Priemus, P. Mawson
During the early 1900s, the Acclimatization Committee of Western Australia introduced several species to Rottnest Island, most of which ultimately failed to establish. The Indian Peafowl Pavo cristatus was one that was successful and became synonymous with visits to the island. Peafowl eventually became too much of a nuisance and in 2009 the population was reduced by the Rottnest Island Authority leaving just male birds. In April 2022 the last peafowl died. We present the history of peafowl on Rottnest Island and describe how the introduced species’ residence on Rottnest Island came to end.
{"title":"Rottnest Island Peafowl Pavo cristatus - a colourful history comes to an end","authors":"James L Sansom, M. Blythman, Ron Priemus, P. Mawson","doi":"10.7882/az.2023.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7882/az.2023.019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 During the early 1900s, the Acclimatization Committee of Western Australia introduced several species to Rottnest Island, most of which ultimately failed to establish. The Indian Peafowl Pavo cristatus was one that was successful and became synonymous with visits to the island. Peafowl eventually became too much of a nuisance and in 2009 the population was reduced by the Rottnest Island Authority leaving just male birds. In April 2022 the last peafowl died. We present the history of peafowl on Rottnest Island and describe how the introduced species’ residence on Rottnest Island came to end.","PeriodicalId":35849,"journal":{"name":"Australian Zoologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49061126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Eastern Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus megaphyllus is known to roost in caves, disused mines, tunnels and old buildings. Other tropical Rhinolophus species are reported to use tree roosts, but this has not been reported for R. megaphyllus. We describe the features of a R. megaphyllus tree roost identified on the mid north coast of NSW. The tree was monitored over a 10-year period before the tree’s collapse during the 2019/2020 wildfires. The tree was not observed to be used in the maternity season. The discovery highlights the potential importance of hollow trees as habitat for species not previously recorded as using tree roosts. In addition, the discovery further identifies the need for consideration of changing fire management with the onset of warming and drying as part of climate change. Prevention of future conflagrations, as was witnessed during 2019/2020 fire season, should consider a range of options to help prevent the loss of valuable hollow-bearing habitat trees.
{"title":"Diurnal tree-roosting by Eastern Horseshoe Bats Rhinolophus megaphyllus","authors":"Christopher P. Slade, D. Power","doi":"10.7882/az.2023.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7882/az.2023.018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Eastern Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus megaphyllus is known to roost in caves, disused mines, tunnels and old buildings. Other tropical Rhinolophus species are reported to use tree roosts, but this has not been reported for R. megaphyllus. We describe the features of a R. megaphyllus tree roost identified on the mid north coast of NSW. The tree was monitored over a 10-year period before the tree’s collapse during the 2019/2020 wildfires. The tree was not observed to be used in the maternity season. The discovery highlights the potential importance of hollow trees as habitat for species not previously recorded as using tree roosts. In addition, the discovery further identifies the need for consideration of changing fire management with the onset of warming and drying as part of climate change. Prevention of future conflagrations, as was witnessed during 2019/2020 fire season, should consider a range of options to help prevent the loss of valuable hollow-bearing habitat trees.","PeriodicalId":35849,"journal":{"name":"Australian Zoologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48384875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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