Pub Date : 2021-08-22DOI: 10.46281/ijafr.v7i1.1294
Dr. Min
This paper illustrates how to use case study method to conduct the cost driver research at hospitals by identifying activity-based cost drivers at the nuclear medicine unit (NMU) of a teaching hospital. I argue that recognizing the activity-based cost could improve the accuracy of estimating costs by identifying the underutilized resources and value-added and non-value-added cost drivers, to reduce non-value-added costs; thereby, facilitating the management to make better informed managerial decisions (e.g., improving pricing practices and using resources more efficiently). Therefore, I believe that this study may provide a useful inference to hospitals to improve the quality and quantity of the service, which they (or would) provide. Furthermore, this paper possibly provides an informative research methodology for researchers by showing how to extend the current literature by applying the same cost analysis research model on a different dataset for the health care industry research.
{"title":"A PROPOSED CASE STUDY FIELD RESEARCH METHODOLOGY TO TEST COST DRIVERS: AN EXAMPLE OF PROPOSED FIELD STUDY AT A NUCLEAR MEDICINE UNIT","authors":"Dr. Min","doi":"10.46281/ijafr.v7i1.1294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46281/ijafr.v7i1.1294","url":null,"abstract":"This paper illustrates how to use case study method to conduct the cost driver research at hospitals by identifying activity-based cost drivers at the nuclear medicine unit (NMU) of a teaching hospital. I argue that recognizing the activity-based cost could improve the accuracy of estimating costs by identifying the underutilized resources and value-added and non-value-added cost drivers, to reduce non-value-added costs; thereby, facilitating the management to make better informed managerial decisions (e.g., improving pricing practices and using resources more efficiently). Therefore, I believe that this study may provide a useful inference to hospitals to improve the quality and quantity of the service, which they (or would) provide. Furthermore, this paper possibly provides an informative research methodology for researchers by showing how to extend the current literature by applying the same cost analysis research model on a different dataset for the health care industry research.","PeriodicalId":358779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Accounting & Finance Review","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115280353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-13DOI: 10.46281/ijafr.v7i1.1282
Stanley Lazarus
This research examined the roles, challenges & benefits of Internal Auditing in Organizations: Evidence from Oman. A semi-structured questionnaire based on research objectives was used to collect primary data from 141 respondents associated to various service, manufacturing and merchandising organizations in Muscat, Oman. Three areas were examined (i) Roles performed by IAD in organizations. (ii) Factors being a challenge for IA in organization. (iii) Benefits derived by organizations following internal audit practices. Factor analysis technique & T-test were applied to gauge the respondent’s perception about the three areas of this study. The factor analysis findings revealed (i) three key factors were extracted of perceived roles performed by IAD in organization, explaining 61.015% of variance. (ii)Four key factors were extracted of the perceived challenging factors for internal audit in organization, explaining 63.358% of variance. (iii)And three key factors were extracted of the perceived benefits derived by organizations as result of internal audit practices, explaining 62.559% of variance. Moreover, the result of the three hypotheses revealed a P value of p<0.01, thus, evinced that a significant role performed by the IAD in organizations, relevant benefits derived as result of internal audit practices & existence of challenging factor for IAD in organizations.
{"title":"THE ROLES, CHALLENGES AND BENEFITS OF INTERNAL AUDITING IN ORGANIZATIONS","authors":"Stanley Lazarus","doi":"10.46281/ijafr.v7i1.1282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46281/ijafr.v7i1.1282","url":null,"abstract":"This research examined the roles, challenges & benefits of Internal Auditing in Organizations: Evidence from Oman. A semi-structured questionnaire based on research objectives was used to collect primary data from 141 respondents associated to various service, manufacturing and merchandising organizations in Muscat, Oman. Three areas were examined (i) Roles performed by IAD in organizations. (ii) Factors being a challenge for IA in organization. (iii) Benefits derived by organizations following internal audit practices. Factor analysis technique & T-test were applied to gauge the respondent’s perception about the three areas of this study. The factor analysis findings revealed (i) three key factors were extracted of perceived roles performed by IAD in organization, explaining 61.015% of variance. (ii)Four key factors were extracted of the perceived challenging factors for internal audit in organization, explaining 63.358% of variance. (iii)And three key factors were extracted of the perceived benefits derived by organizations as result of internal audit practices, explaining 62.559% of variance. Moreover, the result of the three hypotheses revealed a P value of p<0.01, thus, evinced that a significant role performed by the IAD in organizations, relevant benefits derived as result of internal audit practices & existence of challenging factor for IAD in organizations.","PeriodicalId":358779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Accounting & Finance Review","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127422791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-20DOI: 10.46281/ijafr.v7i1.1227
In this study, we examine the impact of financial leverage on profitability of recapitalized banks in Ghana over the period 2008-2017. Based on the random effects and fixed effects estimation strategies, our findings reveal that leverage exerts a significant negative effect on banks’ profits regardless of the proxy of profitability. This provides empirical support for the pecking order theory. The results also establish that bank size positively and significantly enhances profitability. In light of our findings, we conclude that financial leverage is detrimental to banks' profit growth in Ghana.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL LEVERAGE ON PROFITABILITY: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF RECAPITALIZED BANKS IN GHANA","authors":"","doi":"10.46281/ijafr.v7i1.1227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46281/ijafr.v7i1.1227","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we examine the impact of financial leverage on profitability of recapitalized banks in Ghana over the period 2008-2017. Based on the random effects and fixed effects estimation strategies, our findings reveal that leverage exerts a significant negative effect on banks’ profits regardless of the proxy of profitability. This provides empirical support for the pecking order theory. The results also establish that bank size positively and significantly enhances profitability. In light of our findings, we conclude that financial leverage is detrimental to banks' profit growth in Ghana.","PeriodicalId":358779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Accounting & Finance Review","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121939700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.46281/ijafr.v7i1.1204
Dr. Ibrahim Bostan
The study assesses whether auditors factor into their pricing of an audit engagement the presence of an inventor CEO given the potential conflict of interest this may present. Empirical and anecdotal evidence suggests that inventor CEOs may have more appetite for risk and may be less business-minded, thus suggesting potential agency costs for the firm. We rely on a self-developed database of inventor CEOs and archival data from other sources. Using multivariate regressions, we assess the association between the presence of an inventor CEO and audit fees, while controlling for audit fee determinants. The results of our analysis reveal that auditors assess a fee premium in the presence of inventor CEOs. Additional analysis also finds that this fee premium is not exacerbated by the presence of audit risk, and the engagement of top-tier auditors significantly reduces auditor pricing of the presence of an inventor CEO. Our analysis also shows that the positive and significant association between audit fees and the presence of an inventor CEO is significantly stronger in the presence of greater financial distress. Overall, our findings suggest that auditors factor into their pricing decision the potential conflict of interest between CEO inventor managers and shareholders.
{"title":"THE COST OF INNOVATION: EVIDENCE FROM AUDITOR PRICING OF INVENTOR CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICERS","authors":"Dr. Ibrahim Bostan","doi":"10.46281/ijafr.v7i1.1204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46281/ijafr.v7i1.1204","url":null,"abstract":"The study assesses whether auditors factor into their pricing of an audit engagement the presence of an inventor CEO given the potential conflict of interest this may present. Empirical and anecdotal evidence suggests that inventor CEOs may have more appetite for risk and may be less business-minded, thus suggesting potential agency costs for the firm. We rely on a self-developed database of inventor CEOs and archival data from other sources. Using multivariate regressions, we assess the association between the presence of an inventor CEO and audit fees, while controlling for audit fee determinants. The results of our analysis reveal that auditors assess a fee premium in the presence of inventor CEOs. Additional analysis also finds that this fee premium is not exacerbated by the presence of audit risk, and the engagement of top-tier auditors significantly reduces auditor pricing of the presence of an inventor CEO. Our analysis also shows that the positive and significant association between audit fees and the presence of an inventor CEO is significantly stronger in the presence of greater financial distress. Overall, our findings suggest that auditors factor into their pricing decision the potential conflict of interest between CEO inventor managers and shareholders.","PeriodicalId":358779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Accounting & Finance Review","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131003783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-25DOI: 10.46281/ijafr.v7i1.1192
Assma M. Sawani
This study examines the role audit committee chair expertise may play in fostering audit quality. The 2002 Sarbanes–Oxley Act (SOX) was enacted to strengthen corporate governance practices in the United States; a fundamental part of this act addressed the audit committee structure and composition. Existing literature suggests that audit committee expertise may improve audit quality. In this study I use a logistic model to compare audit committee chair expertise characteristics for first-time going concern opinion firms that dismissed and did not dismiss the auditor after receiving the going concern opinion for the years 2008-2016 with that of firms that received clean opinions and dismissed or did not dismiss the auditor. I find that audit committee chairs with financial expertise, audit expertise, governance expertise and industry expertise are negatively associated with auditor dismissal. This suggests that firms with these audit committee chair expertise profiles may facilitate better audit quality. Moreover, the chair’s audit expertise, industry expertise and financial expertise are differentially significant in the going concern context indicating that these expertise types may temper management’s inclination to dismiss auditors after undesirable opinions. JEL Classification Codes: M41, M42, M49.
{"title":"AUDIT COMMITTEE CHAIR CHARACTERISTICS, AND AUDITOR DISMISSAL IN A GOING CONCERN CONTEXT","authors":"Assma M. Sawani","doi":"10.46281/ijafr.v7i1.1192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46281/ijafr.v7i1.1192","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the role audit committee chair expertise may play in fostering audit quality. The 2002 Sarbanes–Oxley Act (SOX) was enacted to strengthen corporate governance practices in the United States; a fundamental part of this act addressed the audit committee structure and composition. Existing literature suggests that audit committee expertise may improve audit quality. In this study I use a logistic model to compare audit committee chair expertise characteristics for first-time going concern opinion firms that dismissed and did not dismiss the auditor after receiving the going concern opinion for the years 2008-2016 with that of firms that received clean opinions and dismissed or did not dismiss the auditor. I find that audit committee chairs with financial expertise, audit expertise, governance expertise and industry expertise are negatively associated with auditor dismissal. This suggests that firms with these audit committee chair expertise profiles may facilitate better audit quality. Moreover, the chair’s audit expertise, industry expertise and financial expertise are differentially significant in the going concern context indicating that these expertise types may temper management’s inclination to dismiss auditors after undesirable opinions. \u0000JEL Classification Codes: M41, M42, M49.","PeriodicalId":358779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Accounting & Finance Review","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116624809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-11DOI: 10.46281/ijafr.v7.i1.1172
Dr. Nisarg A Joshi
The aim of this paper is to examine the existence of degree of interdependence between Sensex and various stock markets of the American and European regions. The study attempts to analyse the dynamic interactions among 22 global indices. The daily closing prices of indices were obtained from the respective stock exchange websites from January 2005 to May 2018. The normality, stationarity, and causality of the time series were evaluated in the first section using statistical techniques such as the Jarque-Bera statistic, ADF test, and Granger Causality test. The second part of the approach focused on analysing the interdependencies of various stock markets, determining the degree of association, and measuring market efficiency using techniques such as Johansen's Cointegration test, Cross-Correlation test, and Hurst Exponent. The results indicate that there is a significant amount of interdependence between stock markets. It was also observed that there is an association between markets. This study also found bi-directional as well as uni-directional causality among the stock market indices. The study found that interdependence of markets leads to improvements in short-term as well as long-term returns/gains for investors possibly due to international portfolio diversification if there are stronger co-movements of prices across the markets.
{"title":"CAUSALITY AND COINTEGRATION AMONG STOCK MARKET INDICES: A STUDY OF DEVELOPED MARKETS WITH SENSEX","authors":"Dr. Nisarg A Joshi","doi":"10.46281/ijafr.v7.i1.1172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46281/ijafr.v7.i1.1172","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to examine the existence of degree of interdependence between Sensex and various stock markets of the American and European regions. The study attempts to analyse the dynamic interactions among 22 global indices. The daily closing prices of indices were obtained from the respective stock exchange websites from January 2005 to May 2018. The normality, stationarity, and causality of the time series were evaluated in the first section using statistical techniques such as the Jarque-Bera statistic, ADF test, and Granger Causality test. The second part of the approach focused on analysing the interdependencies of various stock markets, determining the degree of association, and measuring market efficiency using techniques such as Johansen's Cointegration test, Cross-Correlation test, and Hurst Exponent. The results indicate that there is a significant amount of interdependence between stock markets. It was also observed that there is an association between markets. This study also found bi-directional as well as uni-directional causality among the stock market indices. The study found that interdependence of markets leads to improvements in short-term as well as long-term returns/gains for investors possibly due to international portfolio diversification if there are stronger co-movements of prices across the markets.","PeriodicalId":358779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Accounting & Finance Review","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114266984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The capital structure of a firm has immense significance as it has implications on corporate value and financial performance. The basic aim of the research was to analyze and compare the capital structure of Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE)-listed multi-national companies (MNCs) and local companies of Bangladesh over 24 years (1996-2019). Stratified sampling techniques were applied to the selection of firms. Six financial leverage ratios were used to analyze and compare capital structures. There were significant differences in capital structure between local companies and MNCs as the null hypothesis was rejected. It was also found that the mean equity-financing proportion of domestic companies and MNCs were 65% and 92.5% respectively. The proportion of long term debt in total capital employed was very low for both types of companies. MNCs can raise the proportion of both short and long-term debt to take the advantage of financial leverage. Domestic companies can redeem some short term loan and replace some short term debt with long term debt. This research would be useful for corporate financial managers, creditors, and investors to take appropriate financing as well as investment decisions which would affect shareholders' wealth and value of the firm in the long run to a significant extent. JEL Classification Codes: G30, G32, G39
{"title":"MANUFACTURING FIRMS’ CAPITAL STRUCTURE IN BANGLADESH: COMPARISON BETWEEN LISTED MNCS AND LOCAL COMPANIES","authors":"Syed Md. Khaled Rahman, Tasmina Chowdhury Tania","doi":"10.46281/ijafr.v6i1.935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46281/ijafr.v6i1.935","url":null,"abstract":"The capital structure of a firm has immense significance as it has implications on corporate value and financial performance. The basic aim of the research was to analyze and compare the capital structure of Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE)-listed multi-national companies (MNCs) and local companies of Bangladesh over 24 years (1996-2019). Stratified sampling techniques were applied to the selection of firms. Six financial leverage ratios were used to analyze and compare capital structures. There were significant differences in capital structure between local companies and MNCs as the null hypothesis was rejected. It was also found that the mean equity-financing proportion of domestic companies and MNCs were 65% and 92.5% respectively. The proportion of long term debt in total capital employed was very low for both types of companies. MNCs can raise the proportion of both short and long-term debt to take the advantage of financial leverage. Domestic companies can redeem some short term loan and replace some short term debt with long term debt. This research would be useful for corporate financial managers, creditors, and investors to take appropriate financing as well as investment decisions which would affect shareholders' wealth and value of the firm in the long run to a significant extent. \u0000JEL Classification Codes: G30, G32, G39","PeriodicalId":358779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Accounting & Finance Review","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121525544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Firas S. Q. Barakat, M. Pérez, L. R. Ariza, Orobah Ali Barghouthi, K. Islam
The current research investigates whether the difference in the Internet Financial Reporting standard is clarified by corporate governance. A study was carried out on a selection of 48 companies listed on the 2019 Palestine Stock Exchange. An index was also selected from several previous studies to assess the standard of Internet financial reporting. One of the first analytical researches to investigate the relationship between corporate governance and Internet Financial Reporting in Palestine is the latest analysis. Firstly, the scope of disclosure of Internet Financial Reporting in Palestinian businesses appears to be limited. Second, the educational history of boards is greatly related to Internet Financial Reporting. Nevertheless, the board independence coefficient and board audit committee are negligible. Thirdly, an important element in strengthening internet financial reporting standards is a broad audit company. Fourthly, there is a strong positive correlation between the concentration of ownership and financial reporting on the Internet. Companies mainly held by stakeholders are more likely to reveal internet data and to strengthen the reports released. Finally, profitability and market capitalization have a direct connection with Internet Financial Reporting, and Internet Financial Reporting does not justify the composition of the board, board meetings, international investors, and business size.
{"title":"THE IMPACT CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ON INTERNET FINANCIAL REPORTING: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM PALESTINE","authors":"Firas S. Q. Barakat, M. Pérez, L. R. Ariza, Orobah Ali Barghouthi, K. Islam","doi":"10.46281/ijafr.v5i4.852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46281/ijafr.v5i4.852","url":null,"abstract":"The current research investigates whether the difference in the Internet Financial Reporting standard is clarified by corporate governance. A study was carried out on a selection of 48 companies listed on the 2019 Palestine Stock Exchange. An index was also selected from several previous studies to assess the standard of Internet financial reporting. One of the first analytical researches to investigate the relationship between corporate governance and Internet Financial Reporting in Palestine is the latest analysis. Firstly, the scope of disclosure of Internet Financial Reporting in Palestinian businesses appears to be limited. Second, the educational history of boards is greatly related to Internet Financial Reporting. Nevertheless, the board independence coefficient and board audit committee are negligible. Thirdly, an important element in strengthening internet financial reporting standards is a broad audit company. Fourthly, there is a strong positive correlation between the concentration of ownership and financial reporting on the Internet. Companies mainly held by stakeholders are more likely to reveal internet data and to strengthen the reports released. Finally, profitability and market capitalization have a direct connection with Internet Financial Reporting, and Internet Financial Reporting does not justify the composition of the board, board meetings, international investors, and business size.","PeriodicalId":358779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Accounting & Finance Review","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124965764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The policymakers should take a series of immediate actions to address the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic in the path of the sustainable economy by reaching to every segment of the society to return the economy on track, financial inclusion (FI) is the only way to achieve the target. The study analyzes the obstacles in the path to achieve sustainable growth, which has been partitioned into two stages; the identification of barriers and investigation. The study has divided into three diverse stages: identification of barriers, interviews with specialists from industry, and framing an ISM model. Fifteen barriers have been identified in the achievement of goals of financial inclusion with four levels in ISM designed model. Not enough money, Lack of trust, High cost, Financial Illiteracy, Gender issues, Age factor, and Terms and conditions are factors of prime importance as they have very high driving as well as dependence power. Factors like Irregular income, Distance, and Legal identity are not showing a direct impact on other variables in the system, so these three factors may overlook by decision takers. Psychological and cultural barriers and Bank charges are very important barriers to high dependent driving power. These obstacles must require proper attention.
{"title":"BARRIERS TO FINANCIAL INCLUSION: AN ISM MICMAC ANALYSIS","authors":"Santosh Kumar, G. Shukla, R. K. Dubey","doi":"10.46281/ijafr.v5i4.915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46281/ijafr.v5i4.915","url":null,"abstract":"The policymakers should take a series of immediate actions to address the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic in the path of the sustainable economy by reaching to every segment of the society to return the economy on track, financial inclusion (FI) is the only way to achieve the target. The study analyzes the obstacles in the path to achieve sustainable growth, which has been partitioned into two stages; the identification of barriers and investigation. The study has divided into three diverse stages: identification of barriers, interviews with specialists from industry, and framing an ISM model. Fifteen barriers have been identified in the achievement of goals of financial inclusion with four levels in ISM designed model. Not enough money, Lack of trust, High cost, Financial Illiteracy, Gender issues, Age factor, and Terms and conditions are factors of prime importance as they have very high driving as well as dependence power. Factors like Irregular income, Distance, and Legal identity are not showing a direct impact on other variables in the system, so these three factors may overlook by decision takers. Psychological and cultural barriers and Bank charges are very important barriers to high dependent driving power. These obstacles must require proper attention.","PeriodicalId":358779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Accounting & Finance Review","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123679361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The stability of the economy has explicitly become a key objective for fiscal, economic, and monetary policy. It is a broader term described by different aspects of finance and the financial system. One variable cannot be recognized for defining and achieving stability. The purpose of this paper is two-fold, one to construct four measures of financial stability (MFS). The second purpose is to use the four constructed measures of financial stability in two stage least square (TSLS) regression framework to know the impact of MFA on Foreign Direct Investment (inwards) of BRIC for a period from 2000-2017. In case of Brazil, all the four measures of financial stability are significant. In case of Russia, government finances are not appropriately managed. In case of China, the large inflow of FDI is because of government policies as rest of the measures are negative. In case of India, the government measures are not efficient to attract the FDI.The openness of the economy is positively contributing to FDI in all countries except India. Of all the four nations Brazil is on the right path. JEL Classification Codes: F4, F6, H11, E60.
{"title":"The Measure of Financial Stability and its Impact on Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from BRIC Nations","authors":"Anjala Kalsie, Jyoti Dhamija, Ashima Arora","doi":"10.46281/ijafr.v5i2.797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46281/ijafr.v5i2.797","url":null,"abstract":"The stability of the economy has explicitly become a key objective for fiscal, economic, and monetary policy. It is a broader term described by different aspects of finance and the financial system. One variable cannot be recognized for defining and achieving stability. The purpose of this paper is two-fold, one to construct four measures of financial stability (MFS). The second purpose is to use the four constructed measures of financial stability in two stage least square (TSLS) regression framework to know the impact of MFA on Foreign Direct Investment (inwards) of BRIC for a period from 2000-2017. In case of Brazil, all the four measures of financial stability are significant. In case of Russia, government finances are not appropriately managed. In case of China, the large inflow of FDI is because of government policies as rest of the measures are negative. In case of India, the government measures are not efficient to attract the FDI.The openness of the economy is positively contributing to FDI in all countries except India. Of all the four nations Brazil is on the right path. \u0000JEL Classification Codes: F4, F6, H11, E60. ","PeriodicalId":358779,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Accounting & Finance Review","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126955581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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