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Applications of genomic research in pediatric endocrine diseases. 基因组研究在儿科内分泌疾病中的应用。
IF 4.2 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2022.00948
Ja Hye Kim, Jin-Ho Choi

Recent advances in molecular genetics have advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in pediatric endocrine disorders and now play a major role in mainstream medical practice. The spectrum of endocrine genetic disorders has 2 extremes: Mendelian and polygenic. Mendelian or monogenic diseases are caused by rare variants of a single gene, each of which exerts a strong effect on disease risk. Polygenic diseases or common traits are caused by the combined effects of multiple genetic variants in conjunction with environmental and lifestyle factors. Testing for a single gene is preferable if the disease is phenotypically and/or geneically homogeneous. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) can be applied to phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous conditions. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have examined genetic variants across the entire genome in a large number of individuals who have been matched for population ancestry and assessed for a disease or trait of interest. Common endocrine diseases or traits, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, height, and pubertal timing, result from the combined effects of multiple variants in various genes that are frequently found in the general population, each of which contributes a small individual effect. Isolated founder mutations can result from a true founder effect or an extreme reduction in population size. Studies of founder mutations offer powerful advantages for efficiently localizing the genes that underlie Mendelian disorders. The Korean population has settled in the Korean peninsula for thousands of years, and several recurrent mutations have been identified as founder mutations. The application of molecular technology has increased our understanding of endocrine diseases, which have impacted on the practice of pediatric endocrinology related to diagnosis and genetic counseling. This review focuses on the application of genomic research to pediatric endocrine diseases using GWASs and NGS technology for diagnosis and treatment.

分子遗传学的最新进展提高了我们对儿童内分泌疾病分子机制的理解,并在主流医学实践中发挥了重要作用。内分泌遗传疾病谱系有两个极端:孟德尔型和多基因型。孟德尔疾病或单基因疾病是由单个基因的罕见变异引起的,每一种变异对疾病风险都有很强的影响。多基因疾病或共同特征是由多种遗传变异与环境和生活方式因素共同作用引起的。如果疾病在表型上和/或基因上是均匀的,则优选单基因检测。下一代测序(NGS)可以应用于表型和遗传异质性条件。全基因组关联研究(GWASs)已经检查了大量个体的整个基因组的遗传变异,这些个体已经与群体祖先匹配,并评估了一种疾病或感兴趣的特征。常见的内分泌疾病或特征,如2型糖尿病、肥胖、身高和青春期的时间,是在普通人群中经常发现的各种基因的多种变异的综合影响的结果,每一种变异都有很小的个体影响。孤立的奠基人突变可能是由真正的奠基人效应或种群规模的极端减少造成的。对创始人突变的研究为有效定位孟德尔疾病的基因提供了强大的优势。韩国人在朝鲜半岛定居了数千年,一些反复发生的突变被确定为奠基人突变。分子技术的应用增加了我们对内分泌疾病的认识,影响了儿科内分泌学相关诊断和遗传咨询的实践。本文就基因组学研究在儿童内分泌疾病诊断和治疗中的应用进行综述。
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引用次数: 0
Natural course of IgE-mediated food allergy in children. 儿童ige介导的食物过敏的自然过程。
IF 4.2 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2022.01004
Kyunguk Jeong, Sooyoung Lee

The prevalence of food allergy and food-induced anaphylaxis in children is increasing worldwide. Cow's milk, hen's eggs, and wheat allergies in young children have a more favorable prognosis with a relatively early outgrow, while allergies to peanuts, tree nuts, and seafood are more likely to be persistent. Although our understanding of the mechanism underlying the resolution of food allergy is incomplete, the roles of dendritic cells, regulatory T cells, and regulatory B cells are important. Many past studies on the natural course of food allergy were retrospective analyses of specific study groups, but large-scale population-based prospective studies are now being published. This review summarizes recent studies of the natural course of cow's milk, hen's eggs, wheat, peanuts, tree nuts, soy, sesame, and seafood allergies. The potential factors affecting the natural course of food allergy include symptom severity on ingestion, age at diagnosis, allergic comorbidities, skin prick test reaction size or serum food-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E levels, changes in sensitization degree, IgE epitope specificity, ratio of food-specific IgE to IgG4, food-specific IgA levels, component-resolved diagnostic profile, diet, gut microbiome, and interventions such as immunotherapy. Since food allergy places a significant burden on patients and their caregivers in daily life, clinicians should be able to provide relevant knowledge on the natural course of food allergy, appropriately evaluate its resolution, and offer therapeutic options whenever possible.

在世界范围内,儿童食物过敏和食物过敏性反应的患病率正在上升。牛奶、鸡蛋和小麦过敏对幼儿的预后较好,相对较早,而对花生、树坚果和海鲜过敏则更有可能持续存在。虽然我们对食物过敏解决机制的理解尚不完整,但树突状细胞、调节性T细胞和调节性B细胞的作用是重要的。过去许多关于食物过敏自然过程的研究都是对特定研究群体的回顾性分析,但现在正在发表大规模的基于人群的前瞻性研究。本文综述了最近关于牛奶、鸡蛋、小麦、花生、坚果、大豆、芝麻和海鲜过敏的研究。影响食物过敏自然过程的潜在因素包括:摄入时的症状严重程度、诊断时的年龄、过敏合并症、皮肤点针刺试验反应大小或血清食物特异性免疫球蛋白(Ig) E水平、致敏程度的变化、IgE表位特异性、食物特异性IgE与IgG4的比例、食物特异性IgA水平、成分分解诊断谱、饮食、肠道微生物群以及免疫治疗等干预措施。由于食物过敏在日常生活中给患者及其护理人员带来了巨大的负担,临床医生应该能够提供有关食物过敏自然过程的相关知识,适当评估其解决方案,并尽可能提供治疗方案。
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引用次数: 1
Risk factors of prolonged diarrhea in children under 2 years old. 2岁以下儿童长期腹泻的危险因素。
IF 4.2 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2023.00668
Dedy Rahmat, Agus Firmansyah, Ina S Timan, Saptawati Bardosono, Joedo Prihartono, Pramita Gayatri

Background: Prolonged diarrhea, defined as diarrhea lasting longer than 7 days, is known to negatively impact children's growth and development. However, studies of the risk factors of prolonged diarrhea remain limited.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for prolonged diarrhea in children under 2 years of age with acute diarrhea.

Methods: This 1-year nested case-control study was conducted at Fatmawati General Hospital in 2021-2022. Participants were selected using a consecutive sampling method from among children under 2 years of age with acute diarrhea within the previous 2-4 days. Children with diarrhea that lasted 7 days were considered positive for prolonged diarrhea, whereas those with acute diarrhea were considered negative. Children with comorbidities such as malnutrition were excluded. Clinical information including age, breastfeeding history, antibiotic exposure history, and nutritional status was recorded. Complete blood count, blood zinc levels, Rotavirus, adenovirus, and norovirus serology, alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) levels, and stool analysis were acquired as laboratory data.

Results: There were 62 subjects in the study and control groups. Overall, the median age was 12 months (6-24 months); most patients were boys. A history of antibiotic use (odds ratio [OR], 15.860; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.286-47.591; P<0.001), zinc deficiency (OR, 4.758; 95% CI, 1.711-13.229; P=0.003), and elevated fecal AAT levels (OR, 2.677; 95% CI, 1.046-6.850; P=0.040) were the main risk factors for prolonged diarrhea in children under 2 years of age with acute diarrhea.

Conclusion: A history of antibiotic use, zinc deficiency, and elevated fecal AAT levels were the main risk factors for prolonged diarrhea in children under 2 years of age with acute diarrhea. Thorough testing and appropriate antibiotic use are required to prevent prolonged diarrhea in children under 2 years of age.

背景:长时间腹泻是指腹泻持续时间超过7天,已知对儿童生长发育有负面影响。然而,对长期腹泻危险因素的研究仍然有限。目的:分析2岁以下急性腹泻患儿发生延长性腹泻的危险因素。方法:本研究于2021-2022年在Fatmawati总医院进行为期一年的巢式病例对照研究。参与者通过连续抽样的方法从2-4天内患有急性腹泻的2岁以下儿童中选择。腹泻持续7天的患儿为延长性腹泻阳性病例,急性腹泻患儿为阴性病例。有合并症(如营养不良)的儿童被排除在外。记录临床信息,包括年龄、母乳喂养史、抗生素暴露史和营养状况。全血细胞计数、血锌水平、轮状病毒、腺病毒和诺如病毒血清学、α - 1抗胰蛋白酶(AAT)水平和粪便分析作为实验室数据。结果:研究组和对照组各62例。在两组中,中位年龄为12(6-24)个月,以男孩的比例为主。抗生素使用史(OR 15.860, 95% CI 5.286 ~ 47.591, p值=)结论:抗生素使用史、缺锌、粪便AAT水平升高是2岁以下急性腹泻患儿长期腹泻的主要危险因素。为防止2岁以下儿童出现长期腹泻,需要进行彻底检测并适当使用抗生素。
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引用次数: 0
COVID-19 infection and vaccination among children. 儿童COVID-19感染和疫苗接种。
IF 4.2 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2023.00899
Amnuay Kleebayoon, Viroj Wiwanitkit
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引用次数: 0
Virtual reality for pain reduction during intravenous injection in pediatrics: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. 虚拟现实在儿科静脉注射中减轻疼痛:对照临床试验的系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 4.2 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2022.01193
Ensiyeh Jenabi, Saeid Bashirian, Amir Mohammad Salehi, Masoud Rafiee, Mozhdeh Bashirian

Background: Intravenous (IV) injections often cause pain, fear, and anxiety in pediatric patients. Virtual reality (VR) is a relatively new intervention that can be used to provide a distraction during or prepare patients for IV injections.

Purpose: To date, no meta-analysis has examined the evidence regarding the effectiveness of VR at reducing pain in pediatric IV injections.

Methods: The PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched for articles published through August 7, 2022. The methodological quality of the studies was measured using the Delphi checklist. The chi-square test and the I2 statistic were used to assess heterogeneity across studies. A summary measure of the mean difference in pain scores between the VR and control groups was obtained using a random effects model. All statistical analyses were set at a significance level of 0.05 using Stata 14.

Results: Nine studies were included in this meta-analysis of VR interventions used during IV injections in pediatric patients. The difference in mean pain score between the intervention and control groups showed significant reductions in the VR group (mean difference, 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.3-0.65; I2=9.1%). No interstudy heterogeneity was observed.

Conclusion: Our results suggest that VR effectively reduces pain associated with IV injections in pediatric patients. No interstudy heterogeneity was noted among the analyzed studies. The Delphi checklist was used to assess methodological quality.

背景:儿科患者静脉注射常引起疼痛、恐惧和焦虑。虚拟现实(VR)是一种相对较新的干预手段,可用于在静脉注射期间或为患者做准备时分散注意力。目的:到目前为止,还没有荟萃分析检验关于VR减轻儿童静脉注射疼痛有效性的证据。方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus和Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials数据库,检索截至2022年8月7日发表的文章。研究的方法学质量采用德尔菲检查表进行测量。采用卡方检验和I2统计量来评估研究间的异质性。使用随机效应模型对VR组和对照组之间疼痛评分的平均差异进行汇总测量。所有统计分析均采用Stata 14,显著性水平为0.05。结果:在这项荟萃分析中,九项研究纳入了儿科患者静脉注射时使用的VR干预措施。干预组与对照组的平均疼痛评分差异显示,VR组疼痛评分显著降低(平均差异0.47;95%置信区间为0.3-0.65;I2 = 9.1%)。没有观察到研究间的异质性。结论:我们的研究结果表明,VR有效地减轻了儿科患者静脉注射相关的疼痛。在分析的研究中没有发现研究间的异质性。采用德尔菲检查表评估方法学质量。
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引用次数: 1
Prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress among parents of neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit: a systematic review and Meta-analysis 新生儿重症监护病房新生儿父母焦虑、抑郁和压力的患病率:系统回顾和荟萃分析
Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2023.00486
Asha Shetty, Kurvatteppa Halemani, Alwin Issac, Latha Thimmappa, Sanjay Dhiraaj, Radha K, Prabhaker Mishra, Vijay Datta Upadhyaya
BackgroundNeonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission causes significant distress that can hinder the successful transition into parenthood, child-parent relations, and child development.PurposeThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to understand parental psychological phenomena. Here we assessed the emotional response of parents of newborns during NICU admission.MethodsTwo authors independently searched the PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, Clinical Key, and Google Scholar databases for studies published between January 01, 2004, and December 31, 2021. The review followed Cochrane collaboration guidelines and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis statement. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Stata software (version 16) was used to compute the results.ResultsThis review comprised 6,822 parents (5,083 mothers, 1,788 fathers; age range, 18-37 years) of NICU patients. The gestational ages and neonatal weights were 25.5-42 weeks and 750-2,920 g, respectively. The pooled prevalence of anxiety was higher among mothers (effect size [ES], 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41-0.61; and heterogeneity [I 2 ]=97.1%; P<0.001) than among fathers (ES, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.11-0.42; I 2 = 96.6%; P<0.001). Further, the pooled prevalence of depression was higher among mothers (ES, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.24-0.38; I 2 = 91.5%; P<0.001) than among fathers (ES, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.03-0.22; I2=85.6%; P<0.001). Similarly, the pooled prevalence of stress was higher among mothers (ES, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.31-0.51; I 2 =93.9%; P<0.001) than among fathers (ES, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.09-0.34; I 2 =85.2%; P<0.001).ConclusionNICU admission is more stressful for mothers than fathers and can affect mental health and quality of life. Mothers reported a higher pooled prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression than fathers, possibly attributable to their feelings about birthing a sick child.
{"title":"Prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress among parents of neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit: a systematic review and Meta-analysis","authors":"Asha Shetty, Kurvatteppa Halemani, Alwin Issac, Latha Thimmappa, Sanjay Dhiraaj, Radha K, Prabhaker Mishra, Vijay Datta Upadhyaya","doi":"10.3345/cep.2023.00486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2023.00486","url":null,"abstract":"Background\u0000Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission causes significant distress that can hinder the successful transition into parenthood, child-parent relations, and child development.\u0000\u0000\u0000Purpose\u0000This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to understand parental psychological phenomena. Here we assessed the emotional response of parents of newborns during NICU admission.\u0000\u0000\u0000Methods\u0000Two authors independently searched the PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, Clinical Key, and Google Scholar databases for studies published between January 01, 2004, and December 31, 2021. The review followed Cochrane collaboration guidelines and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis statement. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Stata software (version 16) was used to compute the results.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000This review comprised 6,822 parents (5,083 mothers, 1,788 fathers; age range, 18-37 years) of NICU patients. The gestational ages and neonatal weights were 25.5-42 weeks and 750-2,920 g, respectively. The pooled prevalence of anxiety was higher among mothers (effect size [ES], 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41-0.61; and heterogeneity [I 2 ]=97.1%; P<0.001) than among fathers (ES, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.11-0.42; I 2 = 96.6%; P<0.001). Further, the pooled prevalence of depression was higher among mothers (ES, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.24-0.38; I 2 = 91.5%; P<0.001) than among fathers (ES, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.03-0.22; I2=85.6%; P<0.001). Similarly, the pooled prevalence of stress was higher among mothers (ES, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.31-0.51; I 2 =93.9%; P<0.001) than among fathers (ES, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.09-0.34; I 2 =85.2%; P<0.001).\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000NICU admission is more stressful for mothers than fathers and can affect mental health and quality of life. Mothers reported a higher pooled prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression than fathers, possibly attributable to their feelings about birthing a sick child.","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134991658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Inferior vena cava to aorta ratio in dehydrated pediatric patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 脱水儿童患者下腔静脉与主动脉的比率:一项系统综述和荟萃分析。
IF 4.2 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2022.01445
Gilbert Sterling Octavius, Michelle Imanuelly, Johan Wibowo, Nadia Khoirunnisa Heryadi, Melanie Widjaja

Background: Dehydration due to acute diarrhea is among the leading causes of mortality. However, advancements in management and technology do not help clinicians differentiate dehydration degrees. Ultrasound using the inferior vena cava to aorta (IVC/ Ao) ratio is a promising noninvasive technique to identify significant pediatric dehydration.

Puspose: Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the diagnostic parameters of the IVC/Ao ratio for predicting clinically significant dehydration in pediatric patients.

Methods: We searched the MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases for studies of pediatric patients (≤18 years old) who presented with signs and symptoms of dehydration due to acute diarrhea, gastroenteritis, or vomiting. The inclusion criteria were cross-sectional, case-control, cohort, and randomized controlled trial study design and publication in any language. We then conducted a meta-analysis using the midas and metandi commands from Stata software.

Results: Five studies of 461 patients were included. The combined sensitivity was 86% (95% confidence interval [CI], 79%-91%), while the specificity was 73% (95% CI, 59%-84%). The area under the curve was 0.89 (95% CI, 0.86-0.91). The positive likelihood ratio (LR+) was 3.2 (95% CI, 2.1-5.1) with a 76% posttest probability, while the negative likelihood ratio (LR-) was 0.18 (95% CI, 0.12-0.28) with a 16% posttest probability. The combined negative predictive value was 0.83 (95% CI, 0.75-0.91), while the positive predictive value was 0.75 (95% CI, 0.68-0.82).

Conclusion: The IVC/Ao ratio was insufficient to exclude or confirm significant dehydration in pediatric patients. More studies are needed, especially multicenter, adequately powered diagnostic research, to will help establish the usefulness of the IVC/Ao ratio.

背景:急性腹泻引起的脱水是导致死亡的主要原因之一。然而,管理和技术的进步并不能帮助临床医生区分脱水程度。使用下腔静脉与主动脉(IVC/Ao)比率的超声检查是一种很有前途的无创技术,可用于识别严重的儿童脱水。Puspose:因此,本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在检查IVC/Ao比率的诊断参数,以预测儿科患者的临床显著脱水。方法:我们在MEDLINE、PubMed、Cochrane Library、ScienceDirect和Google Scholar数据库中搜索对因急性腹泻、肠胃炎或呕吐而出现脱水体征和症状的儿科患者(≤18岁)的研究。纳入标准为横断面、病例对照、队列和随机对照试验研究设计并以任何语言发表。然后,我们使用Stata软件中的midas和metandi命令进行了荟萃分析。结果:纳入461名患者的5项研究。联合灵敏度为86%(95%置信区间[CI],79%-91%),而特异性为73%(95%可信区间,59%-84%)。曲线下面积为0.89(95%置信区间,0.86-0.91)。阳性似然比(LR+)为3.2(95%可信区间,2.1-5.1),测试后概率为76%,而阴性似然比(LR-)为0.18(95%置信度,0.12-0.28),测试前概率为16%。综合阴性预测值为0.83(95%可信区间,0.75-0.91),阳性预测值为0.75(95%置信区间,0.68-0.82)。需要更多的研究,特别是多中心、充分有力的诊断研究,以帮助确定IVC/Ao比率的有用性。
{"title":"Inferior vena cava to aorta ratio in dehydrated pediatric patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Gilbert Sterling Octavius, Michelle Imanuelly, Johan Wibowo, Nadia Khoirunnisa Heryadi, Melanie Widjaja","doi":"10.3345/cep.2022.01445","DOIUrl":"10.3345/cep.2022.01445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dehydration due to acute diarrhea is among the leading causes of mortality. However, advancements in management and technology do not help clinicians differentiate dehydration degrees. Ultrasound using the inferior vena cava to aorta (IVC/ Ao) ratio is a promising noninvasive technique to identify significant pediatric dehydration.</p><p><strong>Puspose: </strong>Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the diagnostic parameters of the IVC/Ao ratio for predicting clinically significant dehydration in pediatric patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched the MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases for studies of pediatric patients (≤18 years old) who presented with signs and symptoms of dehydration due to acute diarrhea, gastroenteritis, or vomiting. The inclusion criteria were cross-sectional, case-control, cohort, and randomized controlled trial study design and publication in any language. We then conducted a meta-analysis using the midas and metandi commands from Stata software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five studies of 461 patients were included. The combined sensitivity was 86% (95% confidence interval [CI], 79%-91%), while the specificity was 73% (95% CI, 59%-84%). The area under the curve was 0.89 (95% CI, 0.86-0.91). The positive likelihood ratio (LR+) was 3.2 (95% CI, 2.1-5.1) with a 76% posttest probability, while the negative likelihood ratio (LR-) was 0.18 (95% CI, 0.12-0.28) with a 16% posttest probability. The combined negative predictive value was 0.83 (95% CI, 0.75-0.91), while the positive predictive value was 0.75 (95% CI, 0.68-0.82).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The IVC/Ao ratio was insufficient to exclude or confirm significant dehydration in pediatric patients. More studies are needed, especially multicenter, adequately powered diagnostic research, to will help establish the usefulness of the IVC/Ao ratio.</p>","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10626024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9639083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Association between feeding intolerance and intestinal dysbiosis in very premature infants. 极早产儿喂养不耐受与肠道微生态失调之间的关系。
IF 4.2 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2023.00829
Putri Maharani Tristanita Marsubrin, Agus Firmansyah, Rinawati Rohsiswatmo, Zakiudin Munasir, Saptawati Bardosono, Safarina G Malik, Yuditiya Purwosunu, Ina S Timan, Tetty Yuniati, Maya Yulindhini
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引用次数: 0
Attention-deficit/hyperactive-impulsive disorder symptoms among grade 1 students with reading disorder in Thailand. 泰国一年级阅读障碍学生的注意力缺陷/多动冲动障碍症状。
IF 4.2 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2023.00773
Patcharapun Sarisuta, Issarapa Chunsuwan, Tippawan Hansakunachai, Paskorn Sritipsukho

Background: Reading disorder is the most common comorbid condition with attention-deficit/hyperactive-impulsive disorder (ADHD) in school-aged children.

Purpose: This study compared symptoms of ADHD among children in grade 1 at risk of reading disorder with children not at risk.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 703 students in grade 1 aged 6-8 years from 8 schools in Pathumthani Province, Thailand, in 2019. Reading disorder was assessed using tools developed by Vibulpatanavong and Evans for Thai teachers, whereas the Thai parent and teacher versions of the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham IV Rating Scale (SNAP-IV) was used to evaluate ADHD symptoms. Demographic data were collected from parents using a self-reported questionnaire.

Results: Among the 703 students with almost equal number of male (n=350) and female (n=353), and the average age of 6.56±0.57 years, 95 (13.51%) were classified (significantly male) at risk of reading disorder. The mean SNAP-IV scores of children with reading disorder reported by parents and teachers (20.23±10.95 and 20.75±15.08, respectively) were significantly higher than those of neurotypical children (16.04 ±8.59 and 9.00±10.14, respectively, P<0.05). Of the 95 students with reading disorder reported by parents and teachers, 29 (30.53%) and 20 (21.05%) respectively, were defined as having ADHD according to the standard cutoff SNAP-IV scores, which were significantly higher than 608 neurotypical students at 108 (17.76%) and 20 (5.59%) (P<0.05). The odds ratios of children with reading disorder having ADHD symptoms according to teacher reports were 3.32 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14-9.67; P<0.05), 3.75 (95% CI, 1.60-8.79; P<0.05), and 4.41 (95% CI, 1.20-16.15; P<0.05) for inattentive, hyperactive, and combined presentations, respectively.

Conclusion: Grade 1 students with reading disorder had a significantly higher prevalence of ADHD symptoms than neurotypical students. Therefore, children with reading disorders should undergo ADHD assessments and receive proactive intervention.

背景:阅读障碍是学龄儿童注意力缺陷/多动冲动障碍(ADHD)最常见的合并症。目的:本研究比较了有阅读障碍风险的一年级儿童和无阅读障碍风险儿童的多动症症状。方法:这项横断面研究包括2019年泰国巴吞他尼省8所学校的703名6-8岁的一年级学生。阅读障碍使用Vibulpatanavong和Evans为泰国教师开发的工具进行评估,而泰国家长和教师版本的Swanson、Nolan和Pelham IV评定量表(SNAP-IV)用于评估多动症症状。使用自我报告问卷从父母那里收集人口统计数据。结果:在703名平均年龄为6.56±0.57岁、男女人数几乎相等的学生中,95名(13.51%)被归类为(显著为男性)有阅读障碍的风险。父母和老师报告的阅读障碍儿童的SNAP-IV平均得分(分别为20.23±10.95和20.75±15.08)显著高于神经正常儿童(分别为16.04±8.59和9.00±10.14,P结论:阅读障碍一年级学生的ADHD症状发生率明显高于神经正常学生。因此,阅读障碍儿童应接受ADHD评估并接受积极干预。
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引用次数: 0
Long COVID in children and adolescents: prevalence, clinical manifestations, and management strategies. 儿童和青少年长期新冠肺炎:患病率、临床表现和管理策略。
IF 4.2 Q1 Nursing Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-19 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2023.00472
Eun Kyo Ha, Ju Hee Kim, Man Yong Han

Long coronavirus disease (COVID), also known as postacute sequelae of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, has been defined as signs and symptoms which persist for 4 weeks or even lasting for 6 months after the initial infection. Although the prevalence of long COVID in children is currently unknown, epidemiological investigations have reported cases in pediatric populations. Clinical manifestations of long COVID in children include respiratory symptoms, such as cough and dyspnea, as well as neuropsychiatric and general conditions, including fatigue, headache, and muscle weakness. The pathophysiology of long COVID in children is still being investigated, but potential mechanisms include viral persistence, autoimmunity, and neuroinflammation. Risk factors for long COVID in children are not yet well understood, but studies have suggested that children with a history of severe acute COVID-19 infection or comorbidities may be at increased risk. Evaluation for respiratory symptoms of long COVID in children is essential, including spirometry and imaging studies to assess lung function and any potential damage. Furthermore, long COVID in children has been associated with a higher prevalence of mental health problems than in adults, emphasizing the importance of monitoring and addressing these aspects in pediatric patients. Although our understanding of long COVID in children and adolescents is still evolving, it is clear that the condition can have significant impacts on their health and well-being. The aim of this review is to synthesize the current knowledge on the prevalence, risk factors, and pathophysiology of long COVID in children and adolescents, and to discuss potential management strategies based on existing evidence.

长期冠状病毒病(COVID),也称为严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型感染的急性后遗症,被定义为首次感染后持续4周甚至6个月的体征和症状。尽管长期新冠肺炎在儿童中的流行率目前尚不清楚,但流行病学调查报告了儿科人群中的病例。儿童长期新冠肺炎的临床表现包括呼吸系统症状,如咳嗽和呼吸困难,以及神经精神和全身状况,包括疲劳、头痛和肌肉无力。儿童长期新冠肺炎的病理生理学仍在研究中,但潜在机制包括病毒持续性、自身免疫和神经炎症。儿童长期新冠肺炎的风险因素尚不清楚,但研究表明,有严重急性新冠肺炎感染史或合并症的儿童的风险可能会增加。评估儿童长期新冠肺炎的呼吸道症状至关重要,包括肺活量测定和影像学研究,以评估肺功能和任何潜在损伤。此外,儿童长期新冠肺炎与心理健康问题的患病率高于成人,这强调了监测和解决儿科患者这些方面问题的重要性。尽管我们对儿童和青少年长期新冠肺炎的理解仍在发展,但很明显,这种情况会对他们的健康和福祉产生重大影响。这篇综述的目的是综合目前关于儿童和青少年长期新冠肺炎患病率、风险因素和病理生理学的知识,并根据现有证据讨论潜在的管理策略。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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