Z. Bouzari, Tara Mohammadi, M. Ranaei, Karimollah Hajian-Taliki, A. Ghanbarpour
10.30699/jogcr.7.5.414 Background & Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is also defined as a metabolic disease associated with relative insulin resistance during pregnancy, and elevated circulating insulin may increase the risk of EH and EC development. This study aimed to investigate the association between GDM and the incidence of EH and EC. Materials & Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study, including 300 women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) referred to Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital in Babol. Cases (n=152) were patients with HC and EC based on medical records, and the controls (n=148) were individuals without HC and EC. The groups were compared according to demographic information, GDM or diabetes mellitus (DM) history, and body mass index (BMI). The Chi-square, independent t-test, and logistic regression analyses were performed to compare groups. Results: Of 300 women studied, 72 people (24.1%) had a GDM history, and 64 people had a diabetes mellitus history. There was a significant difference between the incidence of EC and EH with GDM ( P =0.001). Both GDM and DM were associated with the increased EC (OR: 17.98, 95% CI: 6.73-48.08, and OR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.26-2.68, respectively). GDM was also associated with the increased risk of EH (OR: 6.68, 95% CI: 2.77-16.10), whereas diabetes mellitus had not a significant role in the increased risk of EH ( P =0.14). Conclusion: This study indicated that a GDM history is significantly associated with HC and EC. Therefore, to prevent and control these two complications in the future, management and monitoring of diabetes during pregnancy should be considered.
{"title":"Association Between Gestational Diabetes History with Endometrial Hyperplasia and Cancer","authors":"Z. Bouzari, Tara Mohammadi, M. Ranaei, Karimollah Hajian-Taliki, A. Ghanbarpour","doi":"10.30699/jogcr.7.5.414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30699/jogcr.7.5.414","url":null,"abstract":"10.30699/jogcr.7.5.414 Background & Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is also defined as a metabolic disease associated with relative insulin resistance during pregnancy, and elevated circulating insulin may increase the risk of EH and EC development. This study aimed to investigate the association between GDM and the incidence of EH and EC. Materials & Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study, including 300 women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) referred to Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital in Babol. Cases (n=152) were patients with HC and EC based on medical records, and the controls (n=148) were individuals without HC and EC. The groups were compared according to demographic information, GDM or diabetes mellitus (DM) history, and body mass index (BMI). The Chi-square, independent t-test, and logistic regression analyses were performed to compare groups. Results: Of 300 women studied, 72 people (24.1%) had a GDM history, and 64 people had a diabetes mellitus history. There was a significant difference between the incidence of EC and EH with GDM ( P =0.001). Both GDM and DM were associated with the increased EC (OR: 17.98, 95% CI: 6.73-48.08, and OR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.26-2.68, respectively). GDM was also associated with the increased risk of EH (OR: 6.68, 95% CI: 2.77-16.10), whereas diabetes mellitus had not a significant role in the increased risk of EH ( P =0.14). Conclusion: This study indicated that a GDM history is significantly associated with HC and EC. Therefore, to prevent and control these two complications in the future, management and monitoring of diabetes during pregnancy should be considered.","PeriodicalId":36115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82802285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Aminimoghaddam, Nima Azh, Somayyeh Noei Teymoordash, F. Ghaffari
Uterine cancer affects more than 1.28 million people worldwide; considering current world trends in obesity and aging, a +52.7% growth by 2040 is foreseen. Around 5% of endometrial cancer patients are less than 40 years old, meaning that conventional oncologic approaches would result in fertility loss; thus, it is essential to consult patients regarding their fertility and family planning. Owing to developments of oncofertility, patients are now able to preserve their fertility and complete their childbearing, drafting from the standard of care in endometrial cancer. Strict criteria should be applied to make sure of selecting patients who benefit most from the fertility preservation approach. Furthermore, careful selection of patients increases the possibility of successful treatment. Most candidates for fertility preservation have risk factors in common with infertility, including polycystic ovarian syndrome, obesity, increasing of age and irregular menses; therefore, Advanced Reproductive Technology (ART) can improve their chances for pregnancy. Current applied knowledge towards the fertility preservation approach in patients with endometrial cancer is reviewed in this article.
{"title":"Fertility Preservation in Endometrial Cancer: Current Knowledge and Practice","authors":"S. Aminimoghaddam, Nima Azh, Somayyeh Noei Teymoordash, F. Ghaffari","doi":"10.30699/jogcr.7.5.362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30699/jogcr.7.5.362","url":null,"abstract":"Uterine cancer affects more than 1.28 million people worldwide; considering current world trends in obesity and aging, a +52.7% growth by 2040 is foreseen. Around 5% of endometrial cancer patients are less than 40 years old, meaning that conventional oncologic approaches would result in fertility loss; thus, it is essential to consult patients regarding their fertility and family planning. Owing to developments of oncofertility, patients are now able to preserve their fertility and complete their childbearing, drafting from the standard of care in endometrial cancer. Strict criteria should be applied to make sure of selecting patients who benefit most from the fertility preservation approach. Furthermore, careful selection of patients increases the possibility of successful treatment. Most candidates for fertility preservation have risk factors in common with infertility, including polycystic ovarian syndrome, obesity, increasing of age and irregular menses; therefore, Advanced Reproductive Technology (ART) can improve their chances for pregnancy. Current applied knowledge towards the fertility preservation approach in patients with endometrial cancer is reviewed in this article.","PeriodicalId":36115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88328839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fatemeh Amirkhanloo, S. Esmaelzadeh, Mahsima Adnani, Fatemeh Shafizadeh
10.30699/jogcr.7.6.578 Isolated fallopian tube torsion is a rare situation in reproductive-aged women. The gold standard for diagnosis is laparoscopic evaluation, and the treatment of choice is salpingectomy without oophorectomy to preserve fertility. Still, inpatient with a presentation of the acute abdomen or hemodynamically unstable, urgent laparotomy is the treatment of choice. Here, we reported a 15-year-old virgin girl presented with acute abdominal pain and evidence of adnexal torsion on the abdominal ultrasonography. Urgent laparotomy revealed an isolated right fallopian tube torsion. Due to irreversible necrosis of the tube, right salpingectomy was performed. It's crucial to consider isolated fallopian tube torsion as a potential cause of abdominal pain in reproductive-aged women and use appropriate diagnostic measures to diagnose it early and preserve their future fertility.
{"title":"Isolated Fallopian Tube Torsion as a Cause of Acute Abdominal Pain in Children: A Case Report","authors":"Fatemeh Amirkhanloo, S. Esmaelzadeh, Mahsima Adnani, Fatemeh Shafizadeh","doi":"10.30699/jogcr.7.6.578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30699/jogcr.7.6.578","url":null,"abstract":"10.30699/jogcr.7.6.578 Isolated fallopian tube torsion is a rare situation in reproductive-aged women. The gold standard for diagnosis is laparoscopic evaluation, and the treatment of choice is salpingectomy without oophorectomy to preserve fertility. Still, inpatient with a presentation of the acute abdomen or hemodynamically unstable, urgent laparotomy is the treatment of choice. Here, we reported a 15-year-old virgin girl presented with acute abdominal pain and evidence of adnexal torsion on the abdominal ultrasonography. Urgent laparotomy revealed an isolated right fallopian tube torsion. Due to irreversible necrosis of the tube, right salpingectomy was performed. It's crucial to consider isolated fallopian tube torsion as a potential cause of abdominal pain in reproductive-aged women and use appropriate diagnostic measures to diagnose it early and preserve their future fertility.","PeriodicalId":36115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74753681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Moshfeghi, M. Arjmandifar, M. Mohammadi, Mahyar Eftekhari, Khadije Rezaie Keikhaie
Background & Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of adjunctive pessary therapy after cerclage in increasing the gestational age (GA) to 37 weeks in women with cervical insufficiency (CI). Materials & Methods: This randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted at the infertility department of Royan Institute, Tehran, Iran. A total of 170 singleton pregnant women aged 18-42 years old, diagnosed with CI by GA 14-24weeks, who had intact membrane with no signs of intrauterine infection, vaginal bleeding, or uterine contraction, were enrolled. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either cervical cerclage or pessary after cerclage. The primary outcome was spontaneous preterm birth (SPB) (<37weeks). The secondary outcomes were GA at the time of delivery, SPB (less than 34, 32 & 28 weeks), delivery method, neonatal outcomes, maternal adverse events, and maternal satisfaction with the intervention. Results: The incidence of SPB (<37, 34, 32 & 28weeks), method of delivery, GA at time of delivery, and neonatal outcomes were not significantly different between the two groups. The incidence of vaginal bleeding ( P =0.007) and pelvic pain ( P =0.03) significantly was less in the intervention group. The mean score of satisfaction in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group ( P =0.01). Conclusion: The placement of an adjunctive pessary for pregnant women with singleton pregnancy and CI, did not result in a lower rate of SPB (<37weeks) compared to cerclage alone. However, pregnancy complications after the intervention until delivery were less in these women, while the level of satisfaction was higher.
{"title":"Comparing the Efficacy of Pessary as an Adjunctive Therapy after Cerclage, and Cerclage Alone in Prevention of Spontaneous Preterm Birth: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"M. Moshfeghi, M. Arjmandifar, M. Mohammadi, Mahyar Eftekhari, Khadije Rezaie Keikhaie","doi":"10.30699/jogcr.7.5.382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30699/jogcr.7.5.382","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of adjunctive pessary therapy after cerclage in increasing the gestational age (GA) to 37 weeks in women with cervical insufficiency (CI). Materials & Methods: This randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted at the infertility department of Royan Institute, Tehran, Iran. A total of 170 singleton pregnant women aged 18-42 years old, diagnosed with CI by GA 14-24weeks, who had intact membrane with no signs of intrauterine infection, vaginal bleeding, or uterine contraction, were enrolled. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either cervical cerclage or pessary after cerclage. The primary outcome was spontaneous preterm birth (SPB) (<37weeks). The secondary outcomes were GA at the time of delivery, SPB (less than 34, 32 & 28 weeks), delivery method, neonatal outcomes, maternal adverse events, and maternal satisfaction with the intervention. Results: The incidence of SPB (<37, 34, 32 & 28weeks), method of delivery, GA at time of delivery, and neonatal outcomes were not significantly different between the two groups. The incidence of vaginal bleeding ( P =0.007) and pelvic pain ( P =0.03) significantly was less in the intervention group. The mean score of satisfaction in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group ( P =0.01). Conclusion: The placement of an adjunctive pessary for pregnant women with singleton pregnancy and CI, did not result in a lower rate of SPB (<37weeks) compared to cerclage alone. However, pregnancy complications after the intervention until delivery were less in these women, while the level of satisfaction was higher.","PeriodicalId":36115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75657868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Misa Naghdipour Mirsadeghi, Zahra Hamidi Madani, Aynaz Boostan, A. Massoudifar
10.30699/jogcr.7.6.543 Background & Objective: Although giving birth is quite a natural process in a woman's life; it is very painful. Different people, however, experience this pain on different levels. In fact, one's perception of labor pain is determined by physiological, cultural, social, mental, and psychological factors. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between personality traits and one's perception of labor pain. Materials & Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytical correlational study. Two questionnaires were used for Gathering information: one on personality traits and the other on labor pain. One hundred participants were chosen according to their demographic information from a pool of pregnant women at the Persian Gulf Hospital maternity ward in Bandar Abbas City. The data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical measures such as the Pearson Factor. Results: Meaningful positive relationship between labor pain and Neuroticism ( P =0.000, r=0.448), Openness ( P =0.000, r=0.517) and Agreeableness ( P =0.003, r=0.296). While Consciousness ( P =0.047, r=-0.199) is found to have a meaningful negative relationship, extraversion shows no correlation with labor pain. Conclusion: Good Childbirth Counseling and proper training, based explicitly on a mother's personality traits, could significantly help provide an enjoyable childbirth experience and reduce the unnecessary demand for C-section operations.
{"title":"Pain Perception at Birth depending on the Personality of the Parturient Women","authors":"Misa Naghdipour Mirsadeghi, Zahra Hamidi Madani, Aynaz Boostan, A. Massoudifar","doi":"10.30699/jogcr.7.6.543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30699/jogcr.7.6.543","url":null,"abstract":"10.30699/jogcr.7.6.543 Background & Objective: Although giving birth is quite a natural process in a woman's life; it is very painful. Different people, however, experience this pain on different levels. In fact, one's perception of labor pain is determined by physiological, cultural, social, mental, and psychological factors. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between personality traits and one's perception of labor pain. Materials & Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytical correlational study. Two questionnaires were used for Gathering information: one on personality traits and the other on labor pain. One hundred participants were chosen according to their demographic information from a pool of pregnant women at the Persian Gulf Hospital maternity ward in Bandar Abbas City. The data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical measures such as the Pearson Factor. Results: Meaningful positive relationship between labor pain and Neuroticism ( P =0.000, r=0.448), Openness ( P =0.000, r=0.517) and Agreeableness ( P =0.003, r=0.296). While Consciousness ( P =0.047, r=-0.199) is found to have a meaningful negative relationship, extraversion shows no correlation with labor pain. Conclusion: Good Childbirth Counseling and proper training, based explicitly on a mother's personality traits, could significantly help provide an enjoyable childbirth experience and reduce the unnecessary demand for C-section operations.","PeriodicalId":36115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81000530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background & Objective: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and preterm delivery are the most important problems observed in pregnancies that can cause many consequences. The present study investigated the relationship between amniotic fluid index (AFI) and uterocervical angle in patients with PROM between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation. Materials & Methods: This study was a cohort study carried out on 50 pregnant women with PROM. Inclusion criteria were 24 to 34 weeks of gestation and singleton deliveries. Demographic characteristics and pregnancy history of the subjects were determined through interviews and examinations. Moreover, AFI and uterocervical angle were determined based on ultrasound results. Subjects were followed up until delivery. Results: Mean age of the patients was 25.14±5.32 years; 23 patients (46%) had delivery latency less than 7 days. The mean uterocervical angle in the delivery latency group ≤7 was significantly higher than that in the group more than 7 days ( P <0.001). Moreover, the mean AFI in the delivery latency group ≤7 was significantly higher ( P <0.001). The uterocervical angle above 107.7 with a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 88.9% had a predictive power and its area under curve (AUC) was 0.912 ( P <0.001). The mean AFI below 5.4 with a sensitivity of 81.5% and a specificity of 65.5% had a predictive power (AUC: 0.866, P <0.001). Conclusion: Uterocervical angle and AFI can be good predictors for assessing delivery latency in women with PROM. Furthermore, the mean uterocervical angle in the delivery latency group ≤7 days is significantly hi gher than that in the group more than 7 days, but conversely AFI is less.
{"title":"Assessment of Communication AFI and Uterocervical Angle with Pregnancy Duration in Patients with Pretem Premature Rupture of Membranes 24-34 Weeks","authors":"Farzaneh Abedini, Nooshin Eshraghi, Mahdis Mohammadian Amiri, Mahsa Danaei","doi":"10.30699/jogcr.7.6.489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30699/jogcr.7.6.489","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Objective: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and preterm delivery are the most important problems observed in pregnancies that can cause many consequences. The present study investigated the relationship between amniotic fluid index (AFI) and uterocervical angle in patients with PROM between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation. Materials & Methods: This study was a cohort study carried out on 50 pregnant women with PROM. Inclusion criteria were 24 to 34 weeks of gestation and singleton deliveries. Demographic characteristics and pregnancy history of the subjects were determined through interviews and examinations. Moreover, AFI and uterocervical angle were determined based on ultrasound results. Subjects were followed up until delivery. Results: Mean age of the patients was 25.14±5.32 years; 23 patients (46%) had delivery latency less than 7 days. The mean uterocervical angle in the delivery latency group ≤7 was significantly higher than that in the group more than 7 days ( P <0.001). Moreover, the mean AFI in the delivery latency group ≤7 was significantly higher ( P <0.001). The uterocervical angle above 107.7 with a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 88.9% had a predictive power and its area under curve (AUC) was 0.912 ( P <0.001). The mean AFI below 5.4 with a sensitivity of 81.5% and a specificity of 65.5% had a predictive power (AUC: 0.866, P <0.001). Conclusion: Uterocervical angle and AFI can be good predictors for assessing delivery latency in women with PROM. Furthermore, the mean uterocervical angle in the delivery latency group ≤7 days is significantly hi gher than that in the group more than 7 days, but conversely AFI is less.","PeriodicalId":36115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88525235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
10.30699/jogcr.7.6.513 Background & Objective: The association of Trichomonas vaginalis ( T. vaginalis ) and infertility is controversial. There is a doubt regarding the relation between T. vaginalis infection and female infertility. This study is the first meta-analysis that investigated the association between T. vaginalis infection and risk of female infertility. Materials & Methods: Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus were searched using appropriate keywords as major international electronic bibliographic databases up to January 2020. Q-test and I 2 statistic were used for evaluating heterogeneity between studies as well as Begg's and Egger's tests for exploring publication. Results were reported by pooled odds ratio (OR) estimate from individual studies by choosing random-effects model. Results: In total, 650 articles were obtained by initial search until January 2020 with 9779 women. Results of the pooled OR estimates showed a significant association between T. vaginalis and infertility in adjusted studies (OR=1.95; 95% CI: 1.46, 2.43). Based on Begg's and Egger's tests, there was no evidence of publication bias ( P =0.532 and P =0.896, respectively). Conclusion: There was a significant association between T. vaginalis and female infertility. However, more evidence is necessary to prove the potential association of T. vaginalis with an increased risk of female infertility.
背景与目的:阴道毛滴虫(T. vaginalis)与不孕症的关系尚存争议。阴道生殖道绦虫感染与女性不孕之间的关系尚存疑问。这项研究是第一个调查阴道生殖道绦虫感染与女性不育风险之间关系的荟萃分析。材料与方法:截至2020年1月，使用合适的关键词检索Web of Science、PubMed和Scopus作为国际主要电子书目数据库。采用q检验和i2统计量评价研究间的异质性，并采用Begg’s和Egger’s检验探索发表。通过选择随机效应模型，对单个研究的合并优势比(OR)估计结果进行报道。结果:截至2020年1月，初步检索共获得650篇文章，涉及9779名女性。合并OR估计的结果显示，经校正的研究中阴道生殖道绦虫与不孕症之间存在显著相关性(OR=1.95;95% ci: 1.46, 2.43)。根据Begg’s和Egger’s检验，没有证据表明存在发表偏倚(P =0.532和P =0.896)。结论:阴道炎与女性不孕症有显著相关性。然而，需要更多的证据来证明阴道支原体与女性不育风险增加的潜在关联。
{"title":"The Relation Between Trichomonas Vaginalis and Female Infertility: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"N. Hashemi, Z. Soleimani","doi":"10.30699/jogcr.7.6.513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30699/jogcr.7.6.513","url":null,"abstract":"10.30699/jogcr.7.6.513 Background & Objective: The association of Trichomonas vaginalis ( T. vaginalis ) and infertility is controversial. There is a doubt regarding the relation between T. vaginalis infection and female infertility. This study is the first meta-analysis that investigated the association between T. vaginalis infection and risk of female infertility. Materials & Methods: Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus were searched using appropriate keywords as major international electronic bibliographic databases up to January 2020. Q-test and I 2 statistic were used for evaluating heterogeneity between studies as well as Begg's and Egger's tests for exploring publication. Results were reported by pooled odds ratio (OR) estimate from individual studies by choosing random-effects model. Results: In total, 650 articles were obtained by initial search until January 2020 with 9779 women. Results of the pooled OR estimates showed a significant association between T. vaginalis and infertility in adjusted studies (OR=1.95; 95% CI: 1.46, 2.43). Based on Begg's and Egger's tests, there was no evidence of publication bias ( P =0.532 and P =0.896, respectively). Conclusion: There was a significant association between T. vaginalis and female infertility. However, more evidence is necessary to prove the potential association of T. vaginalis with an increased risk of female infertility.","PeriodicalId":36115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87522938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Panahi, Seyedeh Noushin Ghalandarpoor-Attar, Azade Shabani, M. Shariat, Fahimeh Ghotbizadeh, S. Hantoushzadeh, Elham Feizabad, Seyedeh Mojgan Ghalandarpoor-Attar
10.30699/jogcr.7.6.536 Background & Objective: The thymus gland significantly affects fetal immune system maturation. Additionally, there is a linear association between thymus gland size and its performance. Given the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iran and scarce studies with conflicting results, subjecting maternal vitamin D concentration effect on fetal thymus, we decided to investigate maternal vitamin D concentration and its relation to fetal thymus size in mid-gestation. This study also aimed to generate a race-specific reference range. & Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of ultrasound measurements of the fetal thymus at 18-22 weeks of gestational age in 94 pregnant women and its correlation with maternal serum vitamin D levels from May to July 2021 at the tertiary center of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Results: The mean values of thymus perimeter, thymus-thoracic ratio, thymus transverse diameter, and thymus area in all participants were 4.18±0.56 cm, 0.37±0.04, 1.56±0.21 cm, and 1.11±0.76 cm 2 , respectively. There was a trend toward decreased thymus perimeter and transverse thymus diameter with decreasing level of maternal vitamin D. There was also a significant correlation between thymus perimeter and transverse thymus diameter with fetal biometric indices and gestational age. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between the thymus perimeter and transverse thymus diameter. Conclusion: We generated a race-specific nomogram for fetal thymus size in Iranian pregnant women. Moreover, the observed trend toward decreased fetal thymus size with decreasing maternal vitamin D levels requires further prospective investigations. A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and low compliance with daily vitamin D intake during pregnancy was also shown, which requires a solution.
背景与目的:胸腺对胎儿免疫系统成熟有显著影响。此外，胸腺大小与其性能之间存在线性关联。鉴于伊朗维生素D缺乏症的高发率和缺乏研究的结果相互矛盾，我们决定在妊娠中期研究母体维生素D浓度对胎儿胸腺大小的影响。这项研究还旨在产生一个种族特定的参考范围。&方法:我们于2021年5月至7月在伊朗德黑兰伊玛目霍梅尼医院三级中心对94名妊娠期18-22周胎儿胸腺超声测量及其与母体血清维生素D水平的相关性进行了横断面研究。结果:所有受试者胸腺周长、胸胸比、胸腺横径和胸腺面积的平均值分别为4.18±0.56 cm、0.37±0.04 cm、1.56±0.21 cm和1.11±0.76 cm 2。随着母体维生素d水平的降低，胸腺周长和胸腺横径有减小的趋势，胸腺周长和胸腺横径与胎儿生物特征指标和胎龄有显著相关。此外，胸腺周长与胸腺横径之间存在显著相关性。结论:我们生成了伊朗孕妇胎儿胸腺大小的种族特异性nomogram。此外，观察到的胎儿胸腺大小随母体维生素D水平降低而减小的趋势需要进一步的前瞻性研究。研究还显示，怀孕期间维生素D缺乏症的发生率很高，而每日维生素D摄入量的依从性很低，这需要解决。
{"title":"Maternal Vitamin D Concentration in Mid-pregnancy and Its Effect on Fetal Thymus Size: A Report from a Tertiary Center in Iran","authors":"Z. Panahi, Seyedeh Noushin Ghalandarpoor-Attar, Azade Shabani, M. Shariat, Fahimeh Ghotbizadeh, S. Hantoushzadeh, Elham Feizabad, Seyedeh Mojgan Ghalandarpoor-Attar","doi":"10.30699/jogcr.7.6.536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30699/jogcr.7.6.536","url":null,"abstract":"10.30699/jogcr.7.6.536 Background & Objective: The thymus gland significantly affects fetal immune system maturation. Additionally, there is a linear association between thymus gland size and its performance. Given the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iran and scarce studies with conflicting results, subjecting maternal vitamin D concentration effect on fetal thymus, we decided to investigate maternal vitamin D concentration and its relation to fetal thymus size in mid-gestation. This study also aimed to generate a race-specific reference range. & Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of ultrasound measurements of the fetal thymus at 18-22 weeks of gestational age in 94 pregnant women and its correlation with maternal serum vitamin D levels from May to July 2021 at the tertiary center of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Results: The mean values of thymus perimeter, thymus-thoracic ratio, thymus transverse diameter, and thymus area in all participants were 4.18±0.56 cm, 0.37±0.04, 1.56±0.21 cm, and 1.11±0.76 cm 2 , respectively. There was a trend toward decreased thymus perimeter and transverse thymus diameter with decreasing level of maternal vitamin D. There was also a significant correlation between thymus perimeter and transverse thymus diameter with fetal biometric indices and gestational age. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between the thymus perimeter and transverse thymus diameter. Conclusion: We generated a race-specific nomogram for fetal thymus size in Iranian pregnant women. Moreover, the observed trend toward decreased fetal thymus size with decreasing maternal vitamin D levels requires further prospective investigations. A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and low compliance with daily vitamin D intake during pregnancy was also shown, which requires a solution.","PeriodicalId":36115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81682354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Talebian, Niloofar Mehri, Maryam Mousavi Shirazi
10.30699/jogcr.7.5.462 Severe injury to the nervous system in pregnancy needs advanced critical care support to the mother and consideration of fetal effects. Managing persistent vegetative state (PSV) cases in pregnant patients is complex due to the lack of clear guidelines for medical and ethical reasons. This reports a gravida 4, maternal persistent vegetative state case due to a car accident for a 25-year-old woman at 20 pregnancy weeks. Aggressive support enabled the continuation of pregnancy toward 3th trimester without any impediment to the infant's development. A fetal scan for growth monitoring showed an estimated fetal weight near the 75th centile. Intervention in the pregnancy of a patient suffering PSV is not required if both mother and fetus are stable. Maternal malnutrition may adversely affect the fetus and neonate. In this case, high caloric nutrition with partial parenteral nutrition was employed. We monitored both the mother and her child in an attempt to gather data pertinent to the appropriate care of pregnancy in a persistent vegetative state and the potential sequel for offspring.
{"title":"Normal Vaginal Delivery in a Persistent Vegetative State: Suggestive Management, a Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"M. Talebian, Niloofar Mehri, Maryam Mousavi Shirazi","doi":"10.30699/jogcr.7.5.462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30699/jogcr.7.5.462","url":null,"abstract":"10.30699/jogcr.7.5.462 Severe injury to the nervous system in pregnancy needs advanced critical care support to the mother and consideration of fetal effects. Managing persistent vegetative state (PSV) cases in pregnant patients is complex due to the lack of clear guidelines for medical and ethical reasons. This reports a gravida 4, maternal persistent vegetative state case due to a car accident for a 25-year-old woman at 20 pregnancy weeks. Aggressive support enabled the continuation of pregnancy toward 3th trimester without any impediment to the infant's development. A fetal scan for growth monitoring showed an estimated fetal weight near the 75th centile. Intervention in the pregnancy of a patient suffering PSV is not required if both mother and fetus are stable. Maternal malnutrition may adversely affect the fetus and neonate. In this case, high caloric nutrition with partial parenteral nutrition was employed. We monitored both the mother and her child in an attempt to gather data pertinent to the appropriate care of pregnancy in a persistent vegetative state and the potential sequel for offspring.","PeriodicalId":36115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87809251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Boroumand, Shiva Ghayur, Rasoul Gharaaghaji, S. Vazifekhah
10.30699/jogcr.7.6.524 Background & Objective: Maternal obesity can increases pregnancy consequences like postpartum hemorrhage, preeclampsia, need for cesarean section, neonatal death, and fetal macrosomia. In this study, the efficacy of prophylactic use of metformin to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus in nondiabetic pregnant women with obesity was examined. Materials & Methods: This study was a clinical trial. Totally, 340 pregnant women who were in the first trimester were referred to the gynecology clinic of Motahhari hospital in Urmia after ensuring the absence of underlying diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, kidney, liver, and cardiovascular disease, without a history of allergy to metformin, in case of a singleton pregnancy, and Body Mass Index (BMI) above 30 were allocated to two equal groups. The intervention group was given 1000 mg of metformin, and the control group was given a placebo. Demographic information, including age, gravity, parity, live birth, birth, and maternal weight, previous delivery method, abortion, delivery method with its cause, polyhydramnios, NICU hospitalization, gestational age, mortality, and neonatal anomalies was also recorded. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: In the control group, 15 mothers (9.4%) out of 160 people, and in the intervention group, 13 mothers (8.1%) had gestational diabetes ( P =0.692). In the intervention group, the mean insulin dose was 10.8 ±3 units; in the control group, the mean insulin dose was 21.2±15.7 units (P=0.048). Twenty patients (6.7%) out of 297 obese patients and 8 patients (34.8%) in the morbid obesity group had diabetes ( P <0.001). In the control group, the mean weight of mothers was 8.04±2.5 kg; in the intervention group, it was 5.2±2.3 kg during pregnancy ( P <0.001). Gestational diabetes, delivery method, death one week after birth, preterm birth, polyhydramnios, and intensive care unit were similar in the two groups. Conclusion: Metformin in pregnant women with a BMI>30 deals with low maternal weight, reduced birth weight, and reduced insulin dose in diabetic mothers.
{"title":"Efficacy of Prophylactic Use of Metformin in Prevention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Nondiabetic Obese Pregnant Women","authors":"F. Boroumand, Shiva Ghayur, Rasoul Gharaaghaji, S. Vazifekhah","doi":"10.30699/jogcr.7.6.524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30699/jogcr.7.6.524","url":null,"abstract":"10.30699/jogcr.7.6.524 Background & Objective: Maternal obesity can increases pregnancy consequences like postpartum hemorrhage, preeclampsia, need for cesarean section, neonatal death, and fetal macrosomia. In this study, the efficacy of prophylactic use of metformin to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus in nondiabetic pregnant women with obesity was examined. Materials & Methods: This study was a clinical trial. Totally, 340 pregnant women who were in the first trimester were referred to the gynecology clinic of Motahhari hospital in Urmia after ensuring the absence of underlying diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, kidney, liver, and cardiovascular disease, without a history of allergy to metformin, in case of a singleton pregnancy, and Body Mass Index (BMI) above 30 were allocated to two equal groups. The intervention group was given 1000 mg of metformin, and the control group was given a placebo. Demographic information, including age, gravity, parity, live birth, birth, and maternal weight, previous delivery method, abortion, delivery method with its cause, polyhydramnios, NICU hospitalization, gestational age, mortality, and neonatal anomalies was also recorded. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: In the control group, 15 mothers (9.4%) out of 160 people, and in the intervention group, 13 mothers (8.1%) had gestational diabetes ( P =0.692). In the intervention group, the mean insulin dose was 10.8 ±3 units; in the control group, the mean insulin dose was 21.2±15.7 units (P=0.048). Twenty patients (6.7%) out of 297 obese patients and 8 patients (34.8%) in the morbid obesity group had diabetes ( P <0.001). In the control group, the mean weight of mothers was 8.04±2.5 kg; in the intervention group, it was 5.2±2.3 kg during pregnancy ( P <0.001). Gestational diabetes, delivery method, death one week after birth, preterm birth, polyhydramnios, and intensive care unit were similar in the two groups. Conclusion: Metformin in pregnant women with a BMI>30 deals with low maternal weight, reduced birth weight, and reduced insulin dose in diabetic mothers.","PeriodicalId":36115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76939798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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