Sanganna M. Sajjanar, Thippaiah M., Prabhuraj A., Jagadish K. S.
The study was conducted at Main Agricultural Research Station, UAS, Raichur during rabi 2020-21 to utilize honey bees in sunflower hybrid seed production. Totally, thirty species of floral visitors were recorded on parental lines of sunflower hybrid (DRSH-1), among them 15 were hymenopterans, 7 lepidopterans, 5 coleopterans and 3 dipterans. Apis cerana was predominant pollinator (17.91±6.72 bees/ 5 capitula/ 5 min) on CMS parental line (ARM-243), followed by A. dorsata and least was A. florea. The peak foraging activity of A. dorsata was recorded at 0900-1000 hr with 24 bees, A. cerana recorded two peak foraging activity, one at 1100-1200 hr (29 bees) and another at 1600-1700 hr (18 bees) and A. florea recorded at 1000-1100 hr (10 bees). The maximum Shannon-Wiener index of diversity (H=1.32) of floral visitors on CMS line under open condition was recorded at 0800-0900 hr of the day and least (H=0.84) was at 1600-1700 hr. In case of fertility restorer line (6D-1) maximum Shannon-Wiener index was recorded at 1600-1700 hr (1.24). A. cerana under caged condition (three colonies per acre) without pollen load on CMS line were recorded highest mean number of nectar foragers (65±22.60 bees), followed by A. dorsata, A. cerana and A. florea foragers from natural colonies in open pollination condition. Whereas, highest mean number of nectar foragers (42.25±23.59) with pollen load in A. cerana under caged condition (three colonies per acre) were recorded, followed by A. dorsata, A. cerana and A. florea. Nectar foragers with pollen load on CMS line play an important role in transfer of pollen grains from restorer line to CMS line and carry out effective pollination. A. florea with and without pollen load spent more foraging duration (13.17 and 25.20 sec/capitulum respectively) on CMS line, followed by A. cerana and least in case of A. dorsata in open pollination. Bees without pollen load spent significantly greater nectar foraging duration as compared with bees with pollen load, both in caged and open pollination situations. Significantly highest seed yield per hectare (839.53 kg), per cent filled seeds (95.80 %), test weight (5.41 g), volume weight (46.41 g/100 ml), kernel percentage (66.09 %), highest kernel to husk ratio (1.94) and highest seed quality and associated parameters were recorded in hand + open pollinated plots, followed by the A. cerana @ 3 colonies per acre treated plots, hand pollination, open pollination and least seed quality parameters were recorded in control treatment.
{"title":"Pollination Potentiality of Honey Bee (Apis cerana Fab.) in Sunflower Hybrid (DRSH-1) Seed Production","authors":"Sanganna M. Sajjanar, Thippaiah M., Prabhuraj A., Jagadish K. S.","doi":"10.60151/envec/hqou6273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/hqou6273","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted at Main Agricultural Research Station, UAS, Raichur during rabi 2020-21 to utilize honey bees in sunflower hybrid seed production. Totally, thirty species of floral visitors were recorded on parental lines of sunflower hybrid (DRSH-1), among them 15 were hymenopterans, 7 lepidopterans, 5 coleopterans and 3 dipterans. Apis cerana was predominant pollinator (17.91±6.72 bees/ 5 capitula/ 5 min) on CMS parental line (ARM-243), followed by A. dorsata and least was A. florea. The peak foraging activity of A. dorsata was recorded at 0900-1000 hr with 24 bees, A. cerana recorded two peak foraging activity, one at 1100-1200 hr (29 bees) and another at 1600-1700 hr (18 bees) and A. florea recorded at 1000-1100 hr (10 bees). The maximum Shannon-Wiener index of diversity (H=1.32) of floral visitors on CMS line under open condition was recorded at 0800-0900 hr of the day and least (H=0.84) was at 1600-1700 hr. In case of fertility restorer line (6D-1) maximum Shannon-Wiener index was recorded at 1600-1700 hr (1.24). A. cerana under caged condition (three colonies per acre) without pollen load on CMS line were recorded highest mean number of nectar foragers (65±22.60 bees), followed by A. dorsata, A. cerana and A. florea foragers from natural colonies in open pollination condition. Whereas, highest mean number of nectar foragers (42.25±23.59) with pollen load in A. cerana under caged condition (three colonies per acre) were recorded, followed by A. dorsata, A. cerana and A. florea. Nectar foragers with pollen load on CMS line play an important role in transfer of pollen grains from restorer line to CMS line and carry out effective pollination. A. florea with and without pollen load spent more foraging duration (13.17 and 25.20 sec/capitulum respectively) on CMS line, followed by A. cerana and least in case of A. dorsata in open pollination. Bees without pollen load spent significantly greater nectar foraging duration as compared with bees with pollen load, both in caged and open pollination situations. Significantly highest seed yield per hectare (839.53 kg), per cent filled seeds (95.80 %), test weight (5.41 g), volume weight (46.41 g/100 ml), kernel percentage (66.09 %), highest kernel to husk ratio (1.94) and highest seed quality and associated parameters were recorded in hand + open pollinated plots, followed by the A. cerana @ 3 colonies per acre treated plots, hand pollination, open pollination and least seed quality parameters were recorded in control treatment.","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since the blood takes part directly or indirectly in various physiological processes of the body, hematological parameters are considered important biomarker of alterations in metabolism or physiology. Indiscriminate use of pesticides has polluted different water bodies with adverse effects on the health of aquatic biota including fishes. Toxicological effects of agrochemicals including pesticides can be observed by monitoring hematological parameters. Present review deals with study of effects of pesticides on the important blood parameters such as erythrocyte count, hemoglobin content, packed cell volume, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, absolute values, leucocyte count, coagulation time and thrombocyte count of freshwater fish species. The review also aims to explain possible mechanism of pesticide induced alterations in the parameters and deleterious consequences on fish health. Tilapia (Sarotherodon mossambicus) were exposed to 5, 10, 20, 40, & 60% concentration of the 96 hours, LC 50 value of Sevin for 7, 14 and 21 days. There was a significant decrease in the levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit of tilapia Sarotherodon mossambicus exposed to varied concentrations of Sevin indicating stress at higher concentrations.
{"title":"Hematological Responses of Tilapia Sarotherodon mossambicus (Peters) Exposed to the Pesticide, Sevin","authors":"Rajeev C, Venkatappa ., Kishor C","doi":"10.60151/envec/kend7676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/kend7676","url":null,"abstract":"Since the blood takes part directly or indirectly in various physiological processes of the body, hematological parameters are considered important biomarker of alterations in metabolism or physiology. Indiscriminate use of pesticides has polluted different water bodies with adverse effects on the health of aquatic biota including fishes. Toxicological effects of agrochemicals including pesticides can be observed by monitoring hematological parameters. Present review deals with study of effects of pesticides on the important blood parameters such as erythrocyte count, hemoglobin content, packed cell volume, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, absolute values, leucocyte count, coagulation time and thrombocyte count of freshwater fish species. The review also aims to explain possible mechanism of pesticide induced alterations in the parameters and deleterious consequences on fish health. Tilapia (Sarotherodon mossambicus) were exposed to 5, 10, 20, 40, & 60% concentration of the 96 hours, LC 50 value of Sevin for 7, 14 and 21 days. There was a significant decrease in the levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit of tilapia Sarotherodon mossambicus exposed to varied concentrations of Sevin indicating stress at higher concentrations.","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Srinu B., Manohar Rao A., V. Joshi K., H.K. Sharma, Narender Reddy S.
The experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different wrapping materials and growth regulators on physical characters, storage life and quality of papaya cv Red lady was stored at room temperature during the investigated. The fruits are harvested best treatment of INM (i.e 75% RDF+10 kg vermicompost + 100 g Azotobacter + 100 g PSB plant-1) fruits harvested dipped in different growth regulators and combined with packaging materials imposed in the present investigation showed lowest loss in weight (PLW) in fruits treated with CaCl2 @ 3.0% and packed with news paper (7.65%), whereas, highest PLW was found in control (38.93%). Maximum fruit firmness was observed in the fruits treated with T1- CaCl2 @ 3.0% and wrapping with news paper (2.03 kg cm-2) and T1 recorded significantly minimum spoilage (23.34%) over other treatments. Maximum TSS recorded in T7 control (10.80 OBrix). The storage life was found maximum in T1 - fruits dipped in CaCl2 @ 3.0% and wrapping with news paper (17.58 days) and followed by T3- GA3 @ 100 ppm and wrapping with news paper (16.25 days). However, control has shown poor storage life (9.00 days).
{"title":"Effect of Wrapping Materials Combination of Growth Regulators on Physical Characters and Storage Life of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) cv Red Lady","authors":"Srinu B., Manohar Rao A., V. Joshi K., H.K. Sharma, Narender Reddy S.","doi":"10.60151/envec/qabw4629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/qabw4629","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different wrapping materials and growth regulators on physical characters, storage life and quality of papaya cv Red lady was stored at room temperature during the investigated. The fruits are harvested best treatment of INM (i.e 75% RDF+10 kg vermicompost + 100 g Azotobacter + 100 g PSB plant-1) fruits harvested dipped in different growth regulators and combined with packaging materials imposed in the present investigation showed lowest loss in weight (PLW) in fruits treated with CaCl2 @ 3.0% and packed with news paper (7.65%), whereas, highest PLW was found in control (38.93%). Maximum fruit firmness was observed in the fruits treated with T1- CaCl2 @ 3.0% and wrapping with news paper (2.03 kg cm-2) and T1 recorded significantly minimum spoilage (23.34%) over other treatments. Maximum TSS recorded in T7 control (10.80 OBrix). The storage life was found maximum in T1 - fruits dipped in CaCl2 @ 3.0% and wrapping with news paper (17.58 days) and followed by T3- GA3 @ 100 ppm and wrapping with news paper (16.25 days). However, control has shown poor storage life (9.00 days).","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135641126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vidyashree S., Sudha Patil, S. L. Chawla, Dipal S. Bhatt
The present investigation was carried out at Floriculture Research Farm, ACHF, NAU, Navsari during August-November, 2019 in CRD with factorial concept with three replications comprising two varieties and twelve different seed priming treatments. The findings revealed that significantly maximum speed of germination (24.45), germination percentage at 7th and 14th day (71.50 and 90.00, respectively), root length (6.63 cm), seedling length (17.70 cm), seedling fresh and dry weight (1618.00 mg and 141.33 mg, respectively), seed vigour index-I and II (1627.62 and 10082.00, respectively) was recorded in seeds of var Arka Archana primed with GA3 @ 100 ppm for 24 hrs (V1T5) followed by GA3 50 ppm for 24 hrs. Whereas, rest of all the characters were found non-significant but maximum shoot length (11.07 cm), minimum mean germination time (13.67 days) and days required to reach the 5th leaf stage (29.60) were obtained in same treatment (V1T5). Moreover, poor performance was recorded in seeds of var Arka Kamini treated with Nauroji Novel organic liquid fertilizer @ 2 % for 24 hrs (V2T12).
{"title":"Effect of Seed Priming on Germination and Initial Growth of China Aster [Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees.] Varieties","authors":"Vidyashree S., Sudha Patil, S. L. Chawla, Dipal S. Bhatt","doi":"10.60151/envec/rnwy2269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/rnwy2269","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation was carried out at Floriculture Research Farm, ACHF, NAU, Navsari during August-November, 2019 in CRD with factorial concept with three replications comprising two varieties and twelve different seed priming treatments. The findings revealed that significantly maximum speed of germination (24.45), germination percentage at 7th and 14th day (71.50 and 90.00, respectively), root length (6.63 cm), seedling length (17.70 cm), seedling fresh and dry weight (1618.00 mg and 141.33 mg, respectively), seed vigour index-I and II (1627.62 and 10082.00, respectively) was recorded in seeds of var Arka Archana primed with GA3 @ 100 ppm for 24 hrs (V1T5) followed by GA3 50 ppm for 24 hrs. Whereas, rest of all the characters were found non-significant but maximum shoot length (11.07 cm), minimum mean germination time (13.67 days) and days required to reach the 5th leaf stage (29.60) were obtained in same treatment (V1T5). Moreover, poor performance was recorded in seeds of var Arka Kamini treated with Nauroji Novel organic liquid fertilizer @ 2 % for 24 hrs (V2T12).","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135641132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was conducted to induce polyploidy through colchicine treatment to obtain better yield by enhancing the vigour, improving morphological and yield attributing traits. The Niger seeds were exposed to four different colchicine concentrations (0.025,0.05,0.1 and 0.2%) at different time duration (6, 16, 24 and 48 hrs.). The experiment was carried out in two different conditions i.e., ex-vitro and in-vitro. The survival percentage of treated plants was found better under in-vitro conditions while the mortality rate was found higher in ex-vitro condition. The germination percentage was found higher in control as compared to colchicine treated except the 16 hrs treatment at 0.05% and 0.1% which showed similar germination as control. On assessing the morphological parameters including plant height, number of branches per plant, capitulum size, number of capitulum per plant and seed yield per plant, the treated plantlets with 0.05% and 0.1% colchicine at 16 hrs.showed increment compared to control. Stomatal length and width were found increased whereas stomatal density per microscopic area was found higher in control plants. The size of the cell and nucleus was also found increased in the above treatment as compared to control. Comparing the morphological and cytological results it can be anticipated that the plants treated for 16 hrs at 0.05% and 0.1% colchicine concentration may show the putative polyploidy.
{"title":"In-vitro Induction of Polyploidy in Niger (Guizotia abyssinica L.f. Cass) through Colchicine Treatment","authors":"Kartik Chopkar, Bhumika Sharma, Shrinkhla Maurya, Suman Rawte, Kajal Thakur, Zenu Jha","doi":"10.60151/envec/gpkh2737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/gpkh2737","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to induce polyploidy through colchicine treatment to obtain better yield by enhancing the vigour, improving morphological and yield attributing traits. The Niger seeds were exposed to four different colchicine concentrations (0.025,0.05,0.1 and 0.2%) at different time duration (6, 16, 24 and 48 hrs.). The experiment was carried out in two different conditions i.e., ex-vitro and in-vitro. The survival percentage of treated plants was found better under in-vitro conditions while the mortality rate was found higher in ex-vitro condition. The germination percentage was found higher in control as compared to colchicine treated except the 16 hrs treatment at 0.05% and 0.1% which showed similar germination as control. On assessing the morphological parameters including plant height, number of branches per plant, capitulum size, number of capitulum per plant and seed yield per plant, the treated plantlets with 0.05% and 0.1% colchicine at 16 hrs.showed increment compared to control. Stomatal length and width were found increased whereas stomatal density per microscopic area was found higher in control plants. The size of the cell and nucleus was also found increased in the above treatment as compared to control. Comparing the morphological and cytological results it can be anticipated that the plants treated for 16 hrs at 0.05% and 0.1% colchicine concentration may show the putative polyploidy.","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135641133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Present investigation was executed to evaluate the “Influence of enriched organic manures on yield and economics of sprouting broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)” during rabi season at College of Horticulture, SD Agricultural University, Jagudan, Dist. Mehsana, Gujarat, India. A field experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design and replicated thrice. Significant differences among different treatments for maximum average weight of curd (236.30 g), yield per plot (3.78 kg), yield per hectare (175.15 q), maximum gross return (₹ 437875 per ha), maximum net return (₹ 355583 per ha) and B:C ratio (5.32) were recorded with application of FYM (20 t/ha) along with 100:50:50 kg/ha NPK (T1). Among the various organic manure treatments, maximum average weight of curd (196.93 g), yield per plot (3.12 kg), yield per hectare (144.45 q) and maximum gross return (₹ 361125 per ha) were recorded with treatment of RDN through vermicompost enriched with NPK consortia (T4). Whereas, maximum net return (₹ 278926 per ha) and B:C ratio (4.71) were found under treatment T5 (RDN through poultry manure enriched with NPK consortia).
本研究在印度古吉拉特邦梅哈萨纳区贾古丹市SD农业大学园艺学院进行了一项研究，以评价“富肥有机肥对花菜(Brassica oleracea var. italica)发芽产量和经济效益的影响”。采用随机区组设计进行田间试验，重复试验3次。施用FYM (20 t/ha)和100:50:50 kg/ha氮磷钾(T1)，记录了不同处理之间凝乳最大平均重量(236.30 g)、每地块产量(3.78 kg)、每公顷产量(175.15 q)、最大总收益(437875卢比/公顷)、最大净收益(355583卢比/公顷)和B:C比(5.32)的显著差异。在不同有机肥处理中，通过添加氮磷钾联合体(T4)的蚯蚓堆肥处理RDN可获得最大凝块平均重(196.93 g)、亩产(3.12 kg)、亩产(144.45 q)和最大总收益(361125 kg / ha)。而处理T5(通过添加氮磷钾的禽粪进行RDN处理)的净收益最高，为278926卢比/公顷，B:C比为4.71。
{"title":"Influence of Enriched Organic Manures on Yield and Economics of Sprouting Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)","authors":"H. D. Gami, Y. D. Pawar, Pavan K. Patel","doi":"10.60151/envec/pqyx5186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/pqyx5186","url":null,"abstract":"Present investigation was executed to evaluate the “Influence of enriched organic manures on yield and economics of sprouting broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)” during rabi season at College of Horticulture, SD Agricultural University, Jagudan, Dist. Mehsana, Gujarat, India. A field experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design and replicated thrice. Significant differences among different treatments for maximum average weight of curd (236.30 g), yield per plot (3.78 kg), yield per hectare (175.15 q), maximum gross return (₹ 437875 per ha), maximum net return (₹ 355583 per ha) and B:C ratio (5.32) were recorded with application of FYM (20 t/ha) along with 100:50:50 kg/ha NPK (T1). Among the various organic manure treatments, maximum average weight of curd (196.93 g), yield per plot (3.12 kg), yield per hectare (144.45 q) and maximum gross return (₹ 361125 per ha) were recorded with treatment of RDN through vermicompost enriched with NPK consortia (T4). Whereas, maximum net return (₹ 278926 per ha) and B:C ratio (4.71) were found under treatment T5 (RDN through poultry manure enriched with NPK consortia).","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Twenty chayote genotypes with different accession numbers maintained at ICAR-NEH region, Gangtok were used in the study and observations were recorded for seventeen quantitative traits during the year 2018-19. All the genotypes genetically differed from each other based on their mean performance. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the characters. High values for PCV, GCV, heritability and genetic advance as per cent of mean were observed for seed weight (61.2 %, 61.1 %, 99 % and 125.6 %) and non-reducing sugar (59.2 %, 58.1 %, 96 % and 117.4 %) respectively, which indicates a wide range of variation for crop improvement through selection. The correlation coefficient (genotypic and phenotypic) showed that fruit weight expressed significant positive correlation with seed length (0.93), seed breadth (0.92) and total sugar (0.65). Path coefficient analysis revealed that fruit breadth, fruit length, seed weight would be of selection criteria for further crop improvement. The genotypes were grouped into three clusters and the maximum intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster I (25.12) and maximum inter cluster distance was found between the cluster I and III (41.47). Seed weight exhibited the highest percentage contribution towards total genetic divergence.
{"title":"Morpho-Biochemical Characterization of Chayote [Sechium edule (Jacq.)] Genotypes from Sikkim Himalayas","authors":"Lomash Sharma, Rajesh Kumar, Ashish Yadav","doi":"10.60151/envec/neyz6560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/neyz6560","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty chayote genotypes with different accession numbers maintained at ICAR-NEH region, Gangtok were used in the study and observations were recorded for seventeen quantitative traits during the year 2018-19. All the genotypes genetically differed from each other based on their mean performance. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the characters. High values for PCV, GCV, heritability and genetic advance as per cent of mean were observed for seed weight (61.2 %, 61.1 %, 99 % and 125.6 %) and non-reducing sugar (59.2 %, 58.1 %, 96 % and 117.4 %) respectively, which indicates a wide range of variation for crop improvement through selection. The correlation coefficient (genotypic and phenotypic) showed that fruit weight expressed significant positive correlation with seed length (0.93), seed breadth (0.92) and total sugar (0.65). Path coefficient analysis revealed that fruit breadth, fruit length, seed weight would be of selection criteria for further crop improvement. The genotypes were grouped into three clusters and the maximum intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster I (25.12) and maximum inter cluster distance was found between the cluster I and III (41.47). Seed weight exhibited the highest percentage contribution towards total genetic divergence.","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135738280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Parameshwaran Mathavaraj, Prasanta K. Goswami, Seuji B. Neog, Kishore K. Sharma
Recent rise in urbanization of cultivable lands to compensate increasing human population at the cost of agricultural production threatens the globe. So, the crop breeders got the responsibility to generate potential varieties possessing higher productivity to makeup with the future scarcity. Yield, a complex trait, is dependent on several attributes of the crop plant. Therefore, having clear knowledge on trait correlation and path coefficients assists the researchers to come up with the combination of component traits to breed genotypes those hit the maximum yield objective. In rabi 2021-22, 31 genotypes of oats were grown to record data on 12 fodder attributing and 12 grain attributing traits. Two separate trait association analyses were conducted using fodder and grain traits, respectively. Among fodder traits, plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf width, number of tillers per plant, dry matter yield and crop growth rate showed significant positive correlation with green fodder yield. Path analysis suggested that the tall plant with numerous tillers showing higher growth rate could be the indirect selection criteria for green fodder yield. Whereas among grain traits, there was a significant positive correlation of 1000 seed weight, flag leaf length, panicle length, no. of effective tillers per plant and spikelet number per panicle with grain yield per plant. Early flowering genotypes with increased number of effective tillers could be the selection index for grain yield as suggested by path coefficients.
{"title":"Unravelling the association among characters through correlation and Path analyses in dual purpose Oats (Avena sativa L.)","authors":"Parameshwaran Mathavaraj, Prasanta K. Goswami, Seuji B. Neog, Kishore K. Sharma","doi":"10.60151/envec/rvhw9447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/rvhw9447","url":null,"abstract":"Recent rise in urbanization of cultivable lands to compensate increasing human population at the cost of agricultural production threatens the globe. So, the crop breeders got the responsibility to generate potential varieties possessing higher productivity to makeup with the future scarcity. Yield, a complex trait, is dependent on several attributes of the crop plant. Therefore, having clear knowledge on trait correlation and path coefficients assists the researchers to come up with the combination of component traits to breed genotypes those hit the maximum yield objective. In rabi 2021-22, 31 genotypes of oats were grown to record data on 12 fodder attributing and 12 grain attributing traits. Two separate trait association analyses were conducted using fodder and grain traits, respectively. Among fodder traits, plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf width, number of tillers per plant, dry matter yield and crop growth rate showed significant positive correlation with green fodder yield. Path analysis suggested that the tall plant with numerous tillers showing higher growth rate could be the indirect selection criteria for green fodder yield. Whereas among grain traits, there was a significant positive correlation of 1000 seed weight, flag leaf length, panicle length, no. of effective tillers per plant and spikelet number per panicle with grain yield per plant. Early flowering genotypes with increased number of effective tillers could be the selection index for grain yield as suggested by path coefficients.","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The experiment was conducted in crop research farm in department of Agronomy during Zaid season of 2022 on Pearl millet crop. The treatment consisted of three levels of NPK (50,75 and 100%) and Zinc (10,15 and 20 kg/ha) and a control. The experiment was laid out with a randomize block design (RBD) with ten treatments which are replicated thrice as T1 : 50% NPK kg/ha + Zinc 10 kg/ha, T2 : 50% NPK kg/ha + Zinc 15 kg/ha, T3: 50% NPK kg/ha + Zinc 20 kg/ha, T4 : 75% NPK kg/ha + Zinc 10 kg/ha, T5 : 75% NPK kg/ha + Zinc 15 kg/ha, T6 : 75% NPK kg/ha + Zinc 20 kg/ha , T7 : 100% NPK kg/ha + Zinc 10 kg/ha, T8 : 100% NPK kg/ha + Zinc 15 kg/ha, T9 : 100% NPK kg/ha + Zinc 20 kg/ha and a T10 : Control. Application of 100% NPK kg/ha combination with Zinc 20 kg/ha was recorded significantly higher plant height (192.43 cm), plant dry weight (42.54 g/plant), ear head length (18.10 cm) number of grains per ear head (1658), grain yield (2.62 t/ha), stover yield (3.33 t/ha), harvest index (43.99%). Maximum gross returns (1,30,750.00INR/ha), net returns (89,939.00INR/ha) and higher Benefit cost ratio (2.22).
{"title":"Effect of NPK and Zinc levels on Growth and Yield of Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)","authors":"Koduru Sai Jhansi, Umesha C., Dudekula Gurrappa","doi":"10.60151/envec/rzns9545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/rzns9545","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted in crop research farm in department of Agronomy during Zaid season of 2022 on Pearl millet crop. The treatment consisted of three levels of NPK (50,75 and 100%) and Zinc (10,15 and 20 kg/ha) and a control. The experiment was laid out with a randomize block design (RBD) with ten treatments which are replicated thrice as T1 : 50% NPK kg/ha + Zinc 10 kg/ha, T2 : 50% NPK kg/ha + Zinc 15 kg/ha, T3: 50% NPK kg/ha + Zinc 20 kg/ha, T4 : 75% NPK kg/ha + Zinc 10 kg/ha, T5 : 75% NPK kg/ha + Zinc 15 kg/ha, T6 : 75% NPK kg/ha + Zinc 20 kg/ha , T7 : 100% NPK kg/ha + Zinc 10 kg/ha, T8 : 100% NPK kg/ha + Zinc 15 kg/ha, T9 : 100% NPK kg/ha + Zinc 20 kg/ha and a T10 : Control. Application of 100% NPK kg/ha combination with Zinc 20 kg/ha was recorded significantly higher plant height (192.43 cm), plant dry weight (42.54 g/plant), ear head length (18.10 cm) number of grains per ear head (1658), grain yield (2.62 t/ha), stover yield (3.33 t/ha), harvest index (43.99%). Maximum gross returns (1,30,750.00INR/ha), net returns (89,939.00INR/ha) and higher Benefit cost ratio (2.22).","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A field experiment was conducted at Experimental area, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University during the rabi season of 2021-22 to determine the effect of thiourea and salicylic acid on growth and yield of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under moisture stress condition. This experiment consists of 12 treatments were replicated thrice and was laid down Randomized block design. The application of thiourea and salicylic acid had significant effect on growth and yield of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under moisture stress condition. The maximum plant height (133.33 cm), number of branches (6.70), leaf area index (5.64), dry matter accumulation (17.32 g) at harvest, seed yield (2213.33 kg ha-1), stover yield (5980.00 kg ha-1) and harvest index (27.01%) were recorded under T12 treatment (thiourea spray @500 ppm at flowering + thiourea spray 500 ppm at siliqua initiation + 200 ppm salicylic acid at flowering) than rest of treatments. Application of thiourea spray @ 500 ppm at flowering + thiourea spray 500 ppm at siliqua initiation + 200 ppm salicylic acid at flowering indicated maximum plant height (cm), number of branches, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation (g) and productivity of Indian mustard with two irrigations. Thus, it can be potential alternative to increase Indian mustard production.
采用田间试验方法，研究了水分胁迫条件下硫脲和水杨酸对芥菜生长和产量的影响。试验于2021- 2022年rabi季在Lovely专业大学农学院实验区进行。试验设12个处理，重复3次，采用随机区组设计。施硫脲和水杨酸对水分胁迫条件下芥菜的生长和产量有显著影响。T12(开花期喷硫脲500 ppm +水杨酸起始期喷硫脲500 ppm +开花期喷水杨酸200 ppm)处理的最高株高(133.33 cm)、枝数(6.70)、叶面积指数(5.64)、收获期干物质积累(17.32 g)、种子产量(2213.33 kg ha-1)、秸秆产量(5980.00 kg ha-1)和收获指数(27.01%)均高于其他处理。在开花期喷施500 ppm硫脲+在水杨酸萌发期喷施500 ppm硫脲+在开花期喷施200 ppm水杨酸，两次灌溉的印度芥菜最高株高(cm)、枝数、叶面积指数、干物质积累(g)和产量。因此，它可能是增加印度芥菜产量的潜在替代方案。
{"title":"Effect of Thiourea and Salicylic Acid on Growth and Productivity of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) nder Moisture Stress Condition","authors":"Sampan Kamboj, Rajesh Kumar, Navjot Rana","doi":"10.60151/envec/zvfp3007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/zvfp3007","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted at Experimental area, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University during the rabi season of 2021-22 to determine the effect of thiourea and salicylic acid on growth and yield of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under moisture stress condition. This experiment consists of 12 treatments were replicated thrice and was laid down Randomized block design. The application of thiourea and salicylic acid had significant effect on growth and yield of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under moisture stress condition. The maximum plant height (133.33 cm), number of branches (6.70), leaf area index (5.64), dry matter accumulation (17.32 g) at harvest, seed yield (2213.33 kg ha-1), stover yield (5980.00 kg ha-1) and harvest index (27.01%) were recorded under T12 treatment (thiourea spray @500 ppm at flowering + thiourea spray 500 ppm at siliqua initiation + 200 ppm salicylic acid at flowering) than rest of treatments. Application of thiourea spray @ 500 ppm at flowering + thiourea spray 500 ppm at siliqua initiation + 200 ppm salicylic acid at flowering indicated maximum plant height (cm), number of branches, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation (g) and productivity of Indian mustard with two irrigations. Thus, it can be potential alternative to increase Indian mustard production.","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135688118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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