“Signs and Symbols: Above and Below”. The 29th Annual Conference of the European Society of Astronomy in Culture (SEAC), Timisoara, Romania, 5th–9th September, 2022
{"title":"“Signs and Symbols: Above and Below”. The 29th Annual Conference of the European Society of Astronomy in Culture (SEAC), Timisoara, Romania, 5th–9th September, 2022","authors":"S. Iwaniszewski","doi":"10.1558/jsa.26603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jsa.26603","url":null,"abstract":"“Signs and Symbols: Above and Below”.\u0000The 29th Annual Conference of the European Society of Astronomy in Culture (SEAC), Timisoara, Romania, 5th–9th September, 2022","PeriodicalId":36192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skyscape Archaeology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42570202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. F. Muratore, A. Gangui, Maitane Urrutia-Aparicio, Carmelo Cabrera, J. Belmonte
We present the results of an analysis of the precise spatial orientation of colonial Christian churches located in the Canary Island of Fuerteventura (Spain). Our sample consists of 48 churches, most built during the period between the Castilian conquest led by the Norman Jean de Béthencourt in the early fifteenth century and the end of the nineteenth century. While most of the religious constructions in the sample have their main axes oriented within the solar range, in accordance with tradition, the statistical analysis also reveals the presence of two groups of churches that diverge from due east. For the first group, mainly composed of churches located in the central part of the island, an anomalous tendency of orientation towards a declination of c. ?14° was detected. We provide four possible explanations for this: (1) orientation to coincide with sunrise on the date of a traditional Canarian celebration; (2) the influence of topography; (3) sunset orientations; and (4), more controversially, a “bright star” orientation close to the declination of Sirius during the seventeenth century, drawing on ethnographic data. For the second group, meanwhile, we find a pattern of orientation slightly to the north of due east. We propose this might signal orientation to the rising Sun on dates close to Easter Sunday.
{"title":"On the Orientation of Historic Christian Churches of Fuerteventura","authors":"M. F. Muratore, A. Gangui, Maitane Urrutia-Aparicio, Carmelo Cabrera, J. Belmonte","doi":"10.1558/jsa.22808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jsa.22808","url":null,"abstract":"We present the results of an analysis of the precise spatial orientation of colonial Christian churches located in the Canary Island of Fuerteventura (Spain). Our sample consists of 48 churches, most built during the period between the Castilian conquest led by the Norman Jean de Béthencourt in the early fifteenth century and the end of the nineteenth century. While most of the religious constructions in the sample have their main axes oriented within the solar range, in accordance with tradition, the statistical analysis also reveals the presence of two groups of churches that diverge from due east. For the first group, mainly composed of churches located in the central part of the island, an anomalous tendency of orientation towards a declination of c. ?14° was detected. We provide four possible explanations for this: (1) orientation to coincide with sunrise on the date of a traditional Canarian celebration; (2) the influence of topography; (3) sunset orientations; and (4), more controversially, a “bright star” orientation close to the declination of Sirius during the seventeenth century, drawing on ethnographic data. For the second group, meanwhile, we find a pattern of orientation slightly to the north of due east. We propose this might signal orientation to the rising Sun on dates close to Easter Sunday.","PeriodicalId":36192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skyscape Archaeology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42621603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anthony F. Aveni, Creation Stories: Landscapes and the Human ImaginationNew Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, 2021. Hardback, 220 pp. ISBN 978-0-300-25124-1. £20.00.
{"title":"Anthony F. Aveni, 'Creation Stories: Landscapes and the Human Imagination'","authors":"M. Rappenglück","doi":"10.1558/jsa.26601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jsa.26601","url":null,"abstract":"Anthony F. Aveni, Creation Stories: Landscapes and the Human ImaginationNew Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, 2021. Hardback, 220 pp. ISBN 978-0-300-25124-1. £20.00.","PeriodicalId":36192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skyscape Archaeology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42342047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper argues that the positions of select stones at Stonehenge reveal a lunar calendar which is integrated with a solar calendar, and that this was intentionally included in the design of the monument. In particular, the analysis shows that Stone 11, which is half the size of the others, is pivotal in both the lunar and solar timelines. Further, it is argued that this stone also marked the midwinter sunrise, its shadow making contact with Bluestone 40 similar to the way in which the Heel Stone indicates midsummer sunrise by its shadow falling upon the Altar Stone.
{"title":"Stonehenge","authors":"T. Meaden","doi":"10.1558/jsa.26598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jsa.26598","url":null,"abstract":"This paper argues that the positions of select stones at Stonehenge reveal a lunar calendar which is integrated with a solar calendar, and that this was intentionally included in the design of the monument. In particular, the analysis shows that Stone 11, which is half the size of the others, is pivotal in both the lunar and solar timelines. Further, it is argued that this stone also marked the midwinter sunrise, its shadow making contact with Bluestone 40 similar to the way in which the Heel Stone indicates midsummer sunrise by its shadow falling upon the Altar Stone.","PeriodicalId":36192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skyscape Archaeology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48511269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kilmartin Glen’s rock art and built structures suggest activities dedicated to decentring human individuality and agency, paradoxically through heightened sensory experience. This process of “losing oneself” in time and place may be understood in terms of Object-Oriented Ontology (OOO), rejecting subject–object relationships in favour of a “flat ontology” of object–object relations in which life or sentience receives no privileged status. OOO’s explication of metaphor, rooted in a schema of essence and appearance, and further supported by cognitive linguistics, serves as a basis for erasing not only the distinction between the literal and metaphorical but also, with additional consideration of the implicate order as described by physicist David Bohm, the organic and inorganic. Taken together, these approaches allow us to understand ritual activity involving music and contact with “dead” stone at astronomically significant moments as a method of “attunement” to the continuity between terrestrial/celestial and animate/inanimate, consistent with contemporary efforts to reconcile classical and quantum physics as it confronts the subjunctive nature of reality itself.
{"title":"Rock is Dead, Long Live Rock","authors":"Thomas Legendre","doi":"10.1558/jsa.22418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jsa.22418","url":null,"abstract":"Kilmartin Glen’s rock art and built structures suggest activities dedicated to decentring human individuality and agency, paradoxically through heightened sensory experience. This process of “losing oneself” in time and place may be understood in terms of Object-Oriented Ontology (OOO), rejecting subject–object relationships in favour of a “flat ontology” of object–object relations in which life or sentience receives no privileged status. OOO’s explication of metaphor, rooted in a schema of essence and appearance, and further supported by cognitive linguistics, serves as a basis for erasing not only the distinction between the literal and metaphorical but also, with additional consideration of the implicate order as described by physicist David Bohm, the organic and inorganic. Taken together, these approaches allow us to understand ritual activity involving music and contact with “dead” stone at astronomically significant moments as a method of “attunement” to the continuity between terrestrial/celestial and animate/inanimate, consistent with contemporary efforts to reconcile classical and quantum physics as it confronts the subjunctive nature of reality itself.","PeriodicalId":36192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skyscape Archaeology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43463349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Steven Gullberg, Astronomy of the Inca Empire: Use and Significance of the Sun and the Night SkyCham, Switzerland: Springer, 2020. E-Book, 370pp., 42 b/w illus., 275 colour illus. ISBN: 978-3-030-48366-1. £71.50.
Steven Gullberg，《印加帝国天文学：太阳和夜空的使用和意义》，瑞士施普林格出版社，2020年。电子书，370页。，42 b/w插图。，275色插图。ISBN:978-3-030-48366-1。71.50英镑。
{"title":"Steven Gullberg, 'Astronomy of the Inca Empire: Use and Significance of the Sun and the Night Sky'","authors":"Mônica Estrázulas, César Zen Vasconcellos","doi":"10.1558/jsa.26600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jsa.26600","url":null,"abstract":"Steven Gullberg, Astronomy of the Inca Empire: Use and Significance of the Sun and the Night SkyCham, Switzerland: Springer, 2020. E-Book, 370pp., 42 b/w illus., 275 colour illus. ISBN: 978-3-030-48366-1. £71.50.","PeriodicalId":36192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skyscape Archaeology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47180058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dragos Gheorghiu (ed.), Art in the Archaeological Imagination","authors":"Ilaria Cristofaro","doi":"10.1558/jsa.21183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jsa.21183","url":null,"abstract":"Dragos Gheorghiu (ed.), Art in the Archaeological ImaginationOxford: Oxbow Books, 2020. Paperback, 144 pp. ISBN: 9781789253528. £36.00.","PeriodicalId":36192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skyscape Archaeology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47009826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomislav Bilic?, Land of the Solstices: Myth, Geography and Astronomy in Ancient GreeceBAR International Series 3039. Oxford: BAR Publishing, 2021. 212 pp. ISBN: 9781407358628. £49.00.
{"title":"Tomislav Bilic?, Land of the Solstices: Myth, Geography and Astronomy in Ancient Greece","authors":"R. Hannah","doi":"10.1558/jsa.25604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jsa.25604","url":null,"abstract":"Tomislav Bilic?, Land of the Solstices: Myth, Geography and Astronomy in Ancient GreeceBAR International Series 3039. Oxford: BAR Publishing, 2021. 212 pp. ISBN: 9781407358628. £49.00.","PeriodicalId":36192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skyscape Archaeology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41826632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stellarium: Finally at Version 1.0! And Beyond","authors":"G. Zotti, Alexander Wolf","doi":"10.1558/jsa.25608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jsa.25608","url":null,"abstract":"Stellarium: Finally at Version 1.0! And Beyond","PeriodicalId":36192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skyscape Archaeology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41721145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite published accounts suggesting the absence of solstitial alignments built into the architecture of the stone circle complex within the classic henge at Avebury, north Wiltshire, UK, empirical observations show that the group of stones and the space between them known as the Cove opens towards the midsummer sunrise. Although the window of visibility looking out from the Cove is broad, the sunrise position, on Monkton Down, is central to the field of view. A dip in the henge bank and the presence of a round barrow on the skyline serve to emphasise the point on the horizon where the Sun first appears. Looking inwards, the Cove provides a defined stage-like setting with the shadows of anyone performing there cast sharply onto the massive backstone for a period of about 30 minutes after sunrise. Comparisons are drawn with practices linked to animistic ontologies where rock surfaces become porous doorways into other realms during defined ceremonial observances.
{"title":"Figures in the Rock? Experiencing the Avebury Cove at the Midsummer Sunrise","authors":"T. Darvill","doi":"10.1558/jsa.25600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jsa.25600","url":null,"abstract":"Despite published accounts suggesting the absence of solstitial alignments built into the architecture of the stone circle complex within the classic henge at Avebury, north Wiltshire, UK, empirical observations show that the group of stones and the space between them known as the Cove opens towards the midsummer sunrise. Although the window of visibility looking out from the Cove is broad, the sunrise position, on Monkton Down, is central to the field of view. A dip in the henge bank and the presence of a round barrow on the skyline serve to emphasise the point on the horizon where the Sun first appears. Looking inwards, the Cove provides a defined stage-like setting with the shadows of anyone performing there cast sharply onto the massive backstone for a period of about 30 minutes after sunrise. Comparisons are drawn with practices linked to animistic ontologies where rock surfaces become porous doorways into other realms during defined ceremonial observances.","PeriodicalId":36192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Skyscape Archaeology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47212237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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