Recently, Japanese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have faced a shrinking domestic market due to a declining population in Japan. In contrast, the global Muslim population has been drastically increasing, which is attractive to Japanese SMEs, especially food manufacturers. Despite the situation, there has been little empirical research on the internationalization of Japanese SMEs in the halal food industry. With this in mind, this study explores it by adopting an existing framework of SME internationalization. The main aims are to describe the process of how one Japanese small food manufacturer has entered a foreign Muslim market by starting and expanding its halal food business and to identify the role of international entrepreneurial orientation (IEO) in this specific field. By analyzing this case, the findings show the following things. First, IEO is considered an important factor to lead to the internationalization of Japanese SMEs in the halal food industry because the president of the manufacturer actively collected information on the halal food business and built an appropriate organizational structure. Second, since the halal industry in Japan has obstacles to SME internationalization, Original Equipment Manufacturing (OEM) is an effective form of entry into foreign Muslim markets, which gave the president opportunities to collect market information and build a network in the market. Third, procurement innovation is imperative to receive foreign halal certification and break down a cultural barrier based on food habits since ingredients Japanese manufacturers procure possibly contain non-halal materials at the level of not only first-tier suppliers but second and third-tier suppliers.
{"title":"Japanese SME Internationalization in Halal Food Industry: A Preliminary Study","authors":"Tatsuya Fujiwara","doi":"10.59202/jhst.v1i1.454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59202/jhst.v1i1.454","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, Japanese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have faced a shrinking domestic market due to a declining population in Japan. In contrast, the global Muslim population has been drastically increasing, which is attractive to Japanese SMEs, especially food manufacturers. Despite the situation, there has been little empirical research on the internationalization of Japanese SMEs in the halal food industry. With this in mind, this study explores it by adopting an existing framework of SME internationalization. The main aims are to describe the process of how one Japanese small food manufacturer has entered a foreign Muslim market by starting and expanding its halal food business and to identify the role of international entrepreneurial orientation (IEO) in this specific field. By analyzing this case, the findings show the following things. First, IEO is considered an important factor to lead to the internationalization of Japanese SMEs in the halal food industry because the president of the manufacturer actively collected information on the halal food business and built an appropriate organizational structure. Second, since the halal industry in Japan has obstacles to SME internationalization, Original Equipment Manufacturing (OEM) is an effective form of entry into foreign Muslim markets, which gave the president opportunities to collect market information and build a network in the market. Third, procurement innovation is imperative to receive foreign halal certification and break down a cultural barrier based on food habits since ingredients Japanese manufacturers procure possibly contain non-halal materials at the level of not only first-tier suppliers but second and third-tier suppliers.","PeriodicalId":362377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Halal Science and Technology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123004673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The halalan thayyiban concept has been mentioned in al-Quran and sunnah. The popularisation of Japanese cuisine is a global phenomenon and Brunei Darussalam is not an exception. With the growing number of non-Islamic food products dominating the halal food industry, the status of halal food has become uncertain and controversial. The Brunei Government has emphasised the importance of Brunei restaurants complying with the requirements of halal eligibility and shariah law. Therefore, the need for Japanese restaurant management to comply with the halal norm is inevitable. This study has been conducted in an attempt to explore halalan thayyiban practices that are being implemented in Japanese Restaurants in Brunei Darussalam. Data was collected from six participants who were involved in semi-structured interviews. The major findings have shown that respondents were excellent in practising halālan thayyiban in terms of healthy food, food safety, and hygiene in Japanese restaurants. These findings are very important and hopefully can be used as a guide to restaurant employees in other ethnic restaurants and also greatly benefit Muslim and non-Muslim readers who consume halal food.
{"title":"Practices of Halalan Thayyiban Aspect in Japanese Restaurants in Brunei Darussalam","authors":"Nurul Farhanah Hamdan, Norkhairiah Hashim","doi":"10.59202/jhst.v1i1.456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59202/jhst.v1i1.456","url":null,"abstract":"The halalan thayyiban concept has been mentioned in al-Quran and sunnah. The popularisation of Japanese cuisine is a global phenomenon and Brunei Darussalam is not an exception. With the growing number of non-Islamic food products dominating the halal food industry, the status of halal food has become uncertain and controversial. The Brunei Government has emphasised the importance of Brunei restaurants complying with the requirements of halal eligibility and shariah law. Therefore, the need for Japanese restaurant management to comply with the halal norm is inevitable. This study has been conducted in an attempt to explore halalan thayyiban practices that are being implemented in Japanese Restaurants in Brunei Darussalam. Data was collected from six participants who were involved in semi-structured interviews. The major findings have shown that respondents were excellent in practising halālan thayyiban in terms of healthy food, food safety, and hygiene in Japanese restaurants. These findings are very important and hopefully can be used as a guide to restaurant employees in other ethnic restaurants and also greatly benefit Muslim and non-Muslim readers who consume halal food.","PeriodicalId":362377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Halal Science and Technology","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115136442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the process of modernization, many Muslims have come to consume industrially produced products. According to Beck, this is a process that unwittingly creates risks, and risks related to Halal are included in those risks. Discussion on Halal is about cultural risks, which arise later than environmental and health risks as Beck brought up. This is because the Muslim population entered the process of modernization later than in developed countries such as Europe and the United States in general. The base of industrial technologies related to food have been established without any awareness of Halal and have had to interpret, create regulations, build systems, and make choices for Halal. Furthermore, in the process of creating new technologies, the risk of violating Halal is further increased. Surrounded by shubhah, Muslims are having to assume responsibility for halal and make choices amid uncertainty in modern society. As consumers, Muslims will have to confront this situation through transnational solidarity and by joining the risks of halal with other risks also created by modernity. Science is a cog in the wheel of industrial progress. In order to address the issue of Halal in a risky society, it is essential to provide information and risk communication to Muslim consumers, in addition to providing alternative technologies suitable for Halal.
{"title":"Halal and The Risk Society","authors":"Yoshinori Sumimura","doi":"10.59202/jhst.v1i1.451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59202/jhst.v1i1.451","url":null,"abstract":"In the process of modernization, many Muslims have come to consume industrially produced products. According to Beck, this is a process that unwittingly creates risks, and risks related to Halal are included in those risks. Discussion on Halal is about cultural risks, which arise later than environmental and health risks as Beck brought up. This is because the Muslim population entered the process of modernization later than in developed countries such as Europe and the United States in general. The base of industrial technologies related to food have been established without any awareness of Halal and have had to interpret, create regulations, build systems, and make choices for Halal. Furthermore, in the process of creating new technologies, the risk of violating Halal is further increased. Surrounded by shubhah, Muslims are having to assume responsibility for halal and make choices amid uncertainty in modern society. As consumers, Muslims will have to confront this situation through transnational solidarity and by joining the risks of halal with other risks also created by modernity. Science is a cog in the wheel of industrial progress. In order to address the issue of Halal in a risky society, it is essential to provide information and risk communication to Muslim consumers, in addition to providing alternative technologies suitable for Halal.","PeriodicalId":362377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Halal Science and Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125614920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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