Lean accounting is an accounting system that is designed specifically to facilitate the application of lean manufacturing. It is considered a new tool among the various accounting methods available to management. As a managerial accounting method, the purpose of lean accounting should be to provide valuable, insightful information to management for decision-making. However, lean accounting sometimes fails to serve this ultimate purpose as a managerial accounting alternative. We conduct a case study of Toyota to examine lean accounting’s value. The analysis shows that lean accounting tends to be short-term focused, which may jeopardize a company’s long-term growth prospective. Lean accounting is also incapable of providing accurate product cost information, and therefore is unable to support a strategic decision-making process. Traditional standard costing and activity-based costing may be superior to lean accounting for long-term planning and decision-making. The potential exists for a dual system with lean accounting for tactical short-term information and either standard costing or activity-based costing for strategic long-term information.
{"title":"Lean Accounting, Fat Problem? A Critical Analysis of Lean Accounting’s Value","authors":"John A. Brozovsky, Zihui Ma","doi":"10.33423/jaf.v22i5.5636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33423/jaf.v22i5.5636","url":null,"abstract":"Lean accounting is an accounting system that is designed specifically to facilitate the application of lean manufacturing. It is considered a new tool among the various accounting methods available to management. As a managerial accounting method, the purpose of lean accounting should be to provide valuable, insightful information to management for decision-making. However, lean accounting sometimes fails to serve this ultimate purpose as a managerial accounting alternative. We conduct a case study of Toyota to examine lean accounting’s value. The analysis shows that lean accounting tends to be short-term focused, which may jeopardize a company’s long-term growth prospective. Lean accounting is also incapable of providing accurate product cost information, and therefore is unable to support a strategic decision-making process. Traditional standard costing and activity-based costing may be superior to lean accounting for long-term planning and decision-making. The potential exists for a dual system with lean accounting for tactical short-term information and either standard costing or activity-based costing for strategic long-term information.","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88422314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ignacia de Jesús, Luzuriaga Granda, Fanny Yolanda, González Vilela, Yesenia Alexandra, Briceño Luzuriaga, John Patricio, González Román
This article is developed within the context of the COVID 19 health epidemic, with the purpose of exploring the probability of access to credit in financial institutions properly registered by the Superintendency of Banks and the Superintendency of Popular and Solidarity Economy, using data from the 2019 Structured Business Survey and by means of logistic probability analysis in the economic sectors, being the commercial and manufacturing sectors those most likely to have access to credit, making them financially susceptible to the critical effects of the measures to contain the pandemic, being necessary to take measures ranging from governmental policies to the administrative policies of the company to mitigate the consequences.
{"title":"Analysis of Ecuadorian Companies’ Access to Financial Resources in the Context of the COVID-19 Sanitary Emergency and the Performance of Economic Areas","authors":"Ignacia de Jesús, Luzuriaga Granda, Fanny Yolanda, González Vilela, Yesenia Alexandra, Briceño Luzuriaga, John Patricio, González Román","doi":"10.33423/jaf.v22i5.5635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33423/jaf.v22i5.5635","url":null,"abstract":"This article is developed within the context of the COVID 19 health epidemic, with the purpose of exploring the probability of access to credit in financial institutions properly registered by the Superintendency of Banks and the Superintendency of Popular and Solidarity Economy, using data from the 2019 Structured Business Survey and by means of logistic probability analysis in the economic sectors, being the commercial and manufacturing sectors those most likely to have access to credit, making them financially susceptible to the critical effects of the measures to contain the pandemic, being necessary to take measures ranging from governmental policies to the administrative policies of the company to mitigate the consequences.","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89577748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analyzing the Interaction and Consequences of International Financial Merger & Acquisitions on Nonresident Alien Rates for Higher Education Leadership in the United States","authors":"","doi":"10.33423/jaf.v22i5.5651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33423/jaf.v22i5.5651","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83696904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lean manufacturing is a business philosophy concerned with continually eliminating waste from business processes while producing quality products with greater efficiency. In addition to profits, organizations worldwide are beginning to focus on environmental, social, and corporate-governance (ESG) factors because of the changing global environment. The Environmental Protection Agency has specifically stated that many organizations have found that implementing lean manufacturing concepts and tools results in improvements in environmental performance. This study uses a matched-pairs design, matching lean companies with non-lean companies, and assesses whether lean companies experienced better Sustainalytics ESG risk ratings than non-lean companies. Results show that lean companies achieved more favorable ratings in environmental, social, and corporate-governance factors than did non-lean companies.
{"title":"An Analysis of Environmental, Social, and Corporate Governance (ESG) Ratings of Lean Versus Non-Lean Companies","authors":"Randall B. Bunker, Corey S. Cagle","doi":"10.33423/jaf.v22i5.5591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33423/jaf.v22i5.5591","url":null,"abstract":"Lean manufacturing is a business philosophy concerned with continually eliminating waste from business processes while producing quality products with greater efficiency. In addition to profits, organizations worldwide are beginning to focus on environmental, social, and corporate-governance (ESG) factors because of the changing global environment. The Environmental Protection Agency has specifically stated that many organizations have found that implementing lean manufacturing concepts and tools results in improvements in environmental performance. This study uses a matched-pairs design, matching lean companies with non-lean companies, and assesses whether lean companies experienced better Sustainalytics ESG risk ratings than non-lean companies. Results show that lean companies achieved more favorable ratings in environmental, social, and corporate-governance factors than did non-lean companies.","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81466198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a previous study, it was shown that firms approaching bankruptcy exhibited less chaos than pair match firms based on their SIC (standard industry classification) code that did not enter bankruptcy. Chaos can be used to compare systems as quantified by calculating the Lyapunov exponent. In this study, the exponent was calculated using time series of daily stock market returns. Given that unhealthy systems display less chaos than healthy systems, bankruptcy is considered in this study as an expression of an unhealthy system. The sudden emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic placed firms under stress. This study successfully uses the Lyapunov exponents calculated for pair match firms based on the newer NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) code prior to the emergence of the pandemic to predict bankruptcies occurring shortly afterwards.
{"title":"Predicting COVID-19 Related Corporate Bankruptcies Prior to the Pandemic","authors":"Annhenrie Campbell, Gökçe Tan Kim B. Soydemir","doi":"10.33423/jaf.v22i5.5588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33423/jaf.v22i5.5588","url":null,"abstract":"In a previous study, it was shown that firms approaching bankruptcy exhibited less chaos than pair match firms based on their SIC (standard industry classification) code that did not enter bankruptcy. Chaos can be used to compare systems as quantified by calculating the Lyapunov exponent. In this study, the exponent was calculated using time series of daily stock market returns. Given that unhealthy systems display less chaos than healthy systems, bankruptcy is considered in this study as an expression of an unhealthy system. The sudden emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic placed firms under stress. This study successfully uses the Lyapunov exponents calculated for pair match firms based on the newer NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) code prior to the emergence of the pandemic to predict bankruptcies occurring shortly afterwards.","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79205818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improve Days Sales Outstanding With Three Achievable Tricks","authors":"","doi":"10.33423/jaf.v22i5.5680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33423/jaf.v22i5.5680","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77789271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Citradika Didha, Putri Universitas, Kristen Satya, Damayanti Theresia, Woro Universitas
This study aims to determine the effect of sales growth on tax compliance in terms of different aspects, namely, companies with government ownership. The presence of an external auditor becomes a moderating variable that will strengthen or weaken the effect of sales growth on tax compliance. The sample uses data from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys conducted by the World Bank in 2006-2018 in as many as 74 countries with 335 companies. This research is processed and analyzed using Ordered Logistic Regression (OLR). The results show that sales growth does not affect corporate tax compliance with government ownership. External auditors strengthen the influence of sales growth on tax compliance. This study complements and expands the literature on tax compliance on government ownership and has a broad scope using cross-country analysis.
{"title":"Tax Compliance, Sales Growth, and the Existence of External Auditors: Evidence From Government Ownership Companies","authors":"Citradika Didha, Putri Universitas, Kristen Satya, Damayanti Theresia, Woro Universitas","doi":"10.33423/jaf.v22i5.5633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33423/jaf.v22i5.5633","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the effect of sales growth on tax compliance in terms of different aspects, namely, companies with government ownership. The presence of an external auditor becomes a moderating variable that will strengthen or weaken the effect of sales growth on tax compliance. The sample uses data from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys conducted by the World Bank in 2006-2018 in as many as 74 countries with 335 companies. This research is processed and analyzed using Ordered Logistic Regression (OLR). The results show that sales growth does not affect corporate tax compliance with government ownership. External auditors strengthen the influence of sales growth on tax compliance. This study complements and expands the literature on tax compliance on government ownership and has a broad scope using cross-country analysis.","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84162896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Presence of free cash flow and anti-takeover provisions are often symptomatic of agency problem in a firm. We argue that this relationship is likely to be mediated by motivations of the management. Extant family firm research suggests that the management in family firms are more likely to focus on long-term performance and are more likely to be motivated by the desire to build legacy and attain longevity. This study finds that whereas on average for a non-family firm, both free cash flow and anti-takeover provisions are negatively related to firm performance, the relationship flips in the case of family firms. We find that increased anti-takeover defenses and high free cash flow are related to superior performance in the case of family firms.
{"title":"Do Managerial Entrenchment and High Free Cash Flow Always Have a Negative Impact?","authors":"Rahul Ravi, Concordia University","doi":"10.33423/jaf.v22i5.5634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33423/jaf.v22i5.5634","url":null,"abstract":"Presence of free cash flow and anti-takeover provisions are often symptomatic of agency problem in a firm. We argue that this relationship is likely to be mediated by motivations of the management. Extant family firm research suggests that the management in family firms are more likely to focus on long-term performance and are more likely to be motivated by the desire to build legacy and attain longevity. This study finds that whereas on average for a non-family firm, both free cash flow and anti-takeover provisions are negatively related to firm performance, the relationship flips in the case of family firms. We find that increased anti-takeover defenses and high free cash flow are related to superior performance in the case of family firms.","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72455800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.13189/ujaf.2022.100602
Mohammed Shamsidin Ango Abdullahi, Y. Gupta
{"title":"Financing Agriculture in Nigeria: A Comparative Review of Roles Played by Private, Public, and International Financial Institutions and Agencies","authors":"Mohammed Shamsidin Ango Abdullahi, Y. Gupta","doi":"10.13189/ujaf.2022.100602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujaf.2022.100602","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89569032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.13189/ujaf.2022.100603
H. Sharif, Jalila Johari
{"title":"Role of Analyst Following in the Relationship between Integrated Reporting Quality (IRQ) Disclosure and Cost of Equity Capital in Developed Markets","authors":"H. Sharif, Jalila Johari","doi":"10.13189/ujaf.2022.100603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujaf.2022.100603","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74448071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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