Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.26480/wcm.01.2021.20.25
Rajnikant Prasad, Dayanand Sharma, Kunwar D. Yadav
Increasing water scarcity has resulted in the reuse of wastewater for non-potable purposes after treatment. In this laboratory-scale study, the effect of different hydraulic detention time (HDT) for remediation of nutrients from greywater was undertaken. Greywater was collected from the hostel building of educational institute in Surat, India. The experimental study was carried out in a circular plastic reactor all in triplicate and average removal were reported. The physicochemical properties of influent and effluent were monitored throughout the experiment duration. The average influent greywater characteristics were: water temperature (27.52 ± 0.22°C), pH (6.95 ± 0.07), turbidity (57.80 ± 11.14 NTU), COD (273.60 ± 11.53 mg/L), ammonium-nitrogen (5.32 ± 0.84 mg/L), phosphate-phosphorous (1.30 ± 0.07 mg/L), and sodium (57.80 ± 11.14 mg/L). Water hyacinth was planted in all three sets, and one was kept as control (without adding water hyacinth). Significant nutrient reduction was observed in reactor planted with water hyacinth compared to control. The result showed that reactor with HDT of 3 days performed optimum for remediation of nutrients from greywater. The average removal under optimal HDT observed for turbidity, ammonia, phosphate-phosphorous, and sodium was 97.77 ± 0.33%, 89.80 ± 2.48%, 84.64 ± 0.84%, and 40.36 ± 1.23% respectively. This study shows the optimum HDT of 3 days are required for greywater treatment in batch mode. However, further study is needed to explore the optimum HDT for continuous operation mode for greywater treatment.
{"title":"PRELIMINARY STUDY ON EFFECT OF DETENTION TIME ON NUTRIENT REMOVAL FROM GREYWATER USING WATER HYACINTH","authors":"Rajnikant Prasad, Dayanand Sharma, Kunwar D. Yadav","doi":"10.26480/wcm.01.2021.20.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.01.2021.20.25","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing water scarcity has resulted in the reuse of wastewater for non-potable purposes after treatment. In this laboratory-scale study, the effect of different hydraulic detention time (HDT) for remediation of nutrients from greywater was undertaken. Greywater was collected from the hostel building of educational institute in Surat, India. The experimental study was carried out in a circular plastic reactor all in triplicate and average removal were reported. The physicochemical properties of influent and effluent were monitored throughout the experiment duration. The average influent greywater characteristics were: water temperature (27.52 ± 0.22°C), pH (6.95 ± 0.07), turbidity (57.80 ± 11.14 NTU), COD (273.60 ± 11.53 mg/L), ammonium-nitrogen (5.32 ± 0.84 mg/L), phosphate-phosphorous (1.30 ± 0.07 mg/L), and sodium (57.80 ± 11.14 mg/L). Water hyacinth was planted in all three sets, and one was kept as control (without adding water hyacinth). Significant nutrient reduction was observed in reactor planted with water hyacinth compared to control. The result showed that reactor with HDT of 3 days performed optimum for remediation of nutrients from greywater. The average removal under optimal HDT observed for turbidity, ammonia, phosphate-phosphorous, and sodium was 97.77 ± 0.33%, 89.80 ± 2.48%, 84.64 ± 0.84%, and 40.36 ± 1.23% respectively. This study shows the optimum HDT of 3 days are required for greywater treatment in batch mode. However, further study is needed to explore the optimum HDT for continuous operation mode for greywater treatment.","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79497152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.26480/wcm.02.2021.65.71
Mobin Rahimi-Golkhandan, S. Danesh, A. Davoodi
Water pipe corrosion inflicts big health problems and financial damages to societies. Temperature, pH, type, and dosage of oxidants, and DO are some of the key factors that affect water pipe corrosion. The aim of this research is to assess the impacts of temperature (15 and 25oC), dosage of potassium permanganate (0, 1 and 2 mg/L) and sodium hypochlorite (0, 0.5 and 1 mg/L) on corrosion of steel pipes. To measure the corrosion of steel specimens, OCP, EIS and potentiodynamic polarization tests were conducted. The results showed a direct relationship between temperature and corrosion rate. A 10-degree raise in the temperature, caused a 25% increase in corrosion current density (CCD). Adding sodium hypochlorite to the solution, decreases CCD by around 50%. Moreover, potassium permanganate proved to have a positive impact on reducing CCD by up to 21%. The results demonstrate that simultaneous usage of NaClO and KMnO4 for water disinfection can have beneficial impact on corrosion of steel pipes. Finally, our analysis suggests that when combined with KMnO4, lower dosage of NaClO significantly increases polarization resistance. The findings of this research highlight the impact of disinfectants on steel water pipes corrosion in different temperatures and supports water infrastructure decision-makers in more effective rehabilitation and maintenance of water pipes. Further, our results inform decision-makers for a more effective infrastructure design and resilience planning to random failures caused by corrosion.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND CHANGING DISINFECTANTS ON STEEL WATER PIPES CORROSION: CASE STUDY OF MASHHAD, IRAN","authors":"Mobin Rahimi-Golkhandan, S. Danesh, A. Davoodi","doi":"10.26480/wcm.02.2021.65.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.02.2021.65.71","url":null,"abstract":"Water pipe corrosion inflicts big health problems and financial damages to societies. Temperature, pH, type, and dosage of oxidants, and DO are some of the key factors that affect water pipe corrosion. The aim of this research is to assess the impacts of temperature (15 and 25oC), dosage of potassium permanganate (0, 1 and 2 mg/L) and sodium hypochlorite (0, 0.5 and 1 mg/L) on corrosion of steel pipes. To measure the corrosion of steel specimens, OCP, EIS and potentiodynamic polarization tests were conducted. The results showed a direct relationship between temperature and corrosion rate. A 10-degree raise in the temperature, caused a 25% increase in corrosion current density (CCD). Adding sodium hypochlorite to the solution, decreases CCD by around 50%. Moreover, potassium permanganate proved to have a positive impact on reducing CCD by up to 21%. The results demonstrate that simultaneous usage of NaClO and KMnO4 for water disinfection can have beneficial impact on corrosion of steel pipes. Finally, our analysis suggests that when combined with KMnO4, lower dosage of NaClO significantly increases polarization resistance. The findings of this research highlight the impact of disinfectants on steel water pipes corrosion in different temperatures and supports water infrastructure decision-makers in more effective rehabilitation and maintenance of water pipes. Further, our results inform decision-makers for a more effective infrastructure design and resilience planning to random failures caused by corrosion.","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77029923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The lakes of “Kokshetau” State National Natural Park (SNNP) are scanty and have a mosaic, fragmented character due to the present ecological state. In current work, the chemistry and degree of pollution in this lake is studied. The present research aimed to analyse the hydrophysical and hydrochemical parameters of lake Imantau of “Kokshetau” SNNP. This assessment includes dynamics of the hydrochemical water composition and benthal deposits, heavy metals content, and morphometric indicators of the lake using Earth’s remote sensing technique. This technique is based on Earth’s retrospective multichannel satellite images Landsat. Ionic water composition, total mineralization, hydrogen index, gas regime, and nutrient content (nitrates, nitrites) are determined. To assess the geochemical state of benthal deposits, the parameters like concentration coefficient (Cc), maximum allowable concentration (MAC) of pollutants in the soil, and total pollution index (Zc) are calculated. The results of this work is measured in terms of changes takes place in lake depth, water mass volume, water hardness, chemical concentrations.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF HYDROPHYSICAL AND HYDROCHEMICAL FEATURES OF WATER BODIES: A CASE STUDY OF LAKE IMANTAU, KAZAKHSTAN","authors":"Zhumay Yerlan, Khussainov Abilzhan, Kurmanbayeva Aigul, Skipin Leonid, Onerkhan Gulzhaina","doi":"10.26480/wcm.02.2021.95.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.02.2021.95.100","url":null,"abstract":"The lakes of “Kokshetau” State National Natural Park (SNNP) are scanty and have a mosaic, fragmented character due to the present ecological state. In current work, the chemistry and degree of pollution in this lake is studied. The present research aimed to analyse the hydrophysical and hydrochemical parameters of lake Imantau of “Kokshetau” SNNP. This assessment includes dynamics of the hydrochemical water composition and benthal deposits, heavy metals content, and morphometric indicators of the lake using Earth’s remote sensing technique. This technique is based on Earth’s retrospective multichannel satellite images Landsat. Ionic water composition, total mineralization, hydrogen index, gas regime, and nutrient content (nitrates, nitrites) are determined. To assess the geochemical state of benthal deposits, the parameters like concentration coefficient (Cc), maximum allowable concentration (MAC) of pollutants in the soil, and total pollution index (Zc) are calculated. The results of this work is measured in terms of changes takes place in lake depth, water mass volume, water hardness, chemical concentrations.","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82337436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.26480/wcm.01.2021.35.45
Ba Le Huy, H. Le, Hoan Nguyen Xuan
The hydro-electric of the upstream Mekong (China) has been and will greatly impact on the down-stream areas, in which the Mekong Delta (Viet Nam) is suffering a lot of losses Drought due to water trapped by dams upstream together with Climate Change, Sea Level Rise are present, its impact on Vietnam Mekong Delta and given scenarios for the specialist units to propose. 12 dams in the Chinese division, they accumulate too large water; even causing floods for the people, for many years, causing drought in the downstream, especially the Mekong Delta of Vietnam: drought, lack of water for crops, livestock, for human livelihoods. Alluvium of the river stream is also retained (formerly 160,000,000.00 tons / year, this year, only 80,000,000.00 tons / year, so not only the loss of crop but also erosion of the shoreline and coastline. and saline intrusion, under the impact of climate change is rapidly increasing and very high, in addition, the Sulfate Acidification process also becomes fierce. Characteristics of the ecological system of acid sulfate soil in the Mekong Delta, it contains more than 1.7 million Ha with S content about 1.0-.8%. in normal condition, they are not toxic, but when dry, dehydrated, and air penetrates, they will sulfate acidification very strong, produces highly toxic (Al3+> 3000ppm), kills aquatic organisms and rice, and other agricultural crops. Drought due to water resources by upstream countries, mainly by China, will be increasingly fierce: 6 processes simultaneously occurring in this Ecosystem: 1- Drought, 2: sulfate acidification, 3. Saltwaterization, 4. Lack of alluvium and nutrition, 5- riverbank erosion, sedimentation of estuaries and seaports; and 6 – Coastal landslide (which in the past, accreted to the sea 100m /year, now, in contrast, erosion and sea intrusion 25m/year. Productivity of rice and fisheries has been and will continue to decrease.
{"title":"HE HARMFUL OF THE HYDROELECTRIC DAMS IN MEKONG RIVER UPSTREAM ON THE ECOSYSTEMS AND LIVELIHOODS IN THE MEKONG DELTA, VIETNAMS","authors":"Ba Le Huy, H. Le, Hoan Nguyen Xuan","doi":"10.26480/wcm.01.2021.35.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.01.2021.35.45","url":null,"abstract":"The hydro-electric of the upstream Mekong (China) has been and will greatly impact on the down-stream areas, in which the Mekong Delta (Viet Nam) is suffering a lot of losses Drought due to water trapped by dams upstream together with Climate Change, Sea Level Rise are present, its impact on Vietnam Mekong Delta and given scenarios for the specialist units to propose. 12 dams in the Chinese division, they accumulate too large water; even causing floods for the people, for many years, causing drought in the downstream, especially the Mekong Delta of Vietnam: drought, lack of water for crops, livestock, for human livelihoods. Alluvium of the river stream is also retained (formerly 160,000,000.00 tons / year, this year, only 80,000,000.00 tons / year, so not only the loss of crop but also erosion of the shoreline and coastline. and saline intrusion, under the impact of climate change is rapidly increasing and very high, in addition, the Sulfate Acidification process also becomes fierce. Characteristics of the ecological system of acid sulfate soil in the Mekong Delta, it contains more than 1.7 million Ha with S content about 1.0-.8%. in normal condition, they are not toxic, but when dry, dehydrated, and air penetrates, they will sulfate acidification very strong, produces highly toxic (Al3+> 3000ppm), kills aquatic organisms and rice, and other agricultural crops. Drought due to water resources by upstream countries, mainly by China, will be increasingly fierce: 6 processes simultaneously occurring in this Ecosystem: 1- Drought, 2: sulfate acidification, 3. Saltwaterization, 4. Lack of alluvium and nutrition, 5- riverbank erosion, sedimentation of estuaries and seaports; and 6 – Coastal landslide (which in the past, accreted to the sea 100m /year, now, in contrast, erosion and sea intrusion 25m/year. Productivity of rice and fisheries has been and will continue to decrease.","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91097310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.26480/wcm.01.2021.26.29
Tomoki Sugiyama, Ahmed H. A. Dabwan, M. Furukawa, Ikki Tateishi, H. Katsumata, S. Kaneco
In recent years, photocatalysts have been used in various fields, and are particularly attracting attention in the fields of environment, medicine, and agriculture. A large number of catalytic active sites are required to produce a more efficient photocatalyst, and for that purpose, a large specific surface area is desired. Therefore, in this study, in order to develop a highly active photocatalytic material, the outer diameter of titanium oxide nanotubes was controlled by a template synthesis method using carbon nanotubes with different outer diameters to increase the specific surface area. Characterization was carried out by using diffent analytical instruments such as UV-Spectrophotomoter, XRD, SEM, TEM, BET. Results show using titanium oxide nanotubes with a smaller outer diameter tended to have higher photocatalytic activity (almost complete degradation was obtained when 10-20nm was used).
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF CARBON NANOTUBE AS HIGHLY ACTIVE PHOTOCATATLYTIC ADSORBENT FOR TREATMENT OF ACID RED 88 DYE","authors":"Tomoki Sugiyama, Ahmed H. A. Dabwan, M. Furukawa, Ikki Tateishi, H. Katsumata, S. Kaneco","doi":"10.26480/wcm.01.2021.26.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.01.2021.26.29","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, photocatalysts have been used in various fields, and are particularly attracting attention in the fields of environment, medicine, and agriculture. A large number of catalytic active sites are required to produce a more efficient photocatalyst, and for that purpose, a large specific surface area is desired. Therefore, in this study, in order to develop a highly active photocatalytic material, the outer diameter of titanium oxide nanotubes was controlled by a template synthesis method using carbon nanotubes with different outer diameters to increase the specific surface area. Characterization was carried out by using diffent analytical instruments such as UV-Spectrophotomoter, XRD, SEM, TEM, BET. Results show using titanium oxide nanotubes with a smaller outer diameter tended to have higher photocatalytic activity (almost complete degradation was obtained when 10-20nm was used).","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78570225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tannery wastewater is the most challenging due to the complex toxic pollutants it releases into the environment. Similarly, coffee husk from coffee processing operations pollutes the environment. The use of coffee husk to remove hexavalent chromium (VI) and Zink (II)from tannery wastewater solves pollution problems due to untreated tannery wastewater and coffee husk. A batch adsorption process was conducted to determine chromium (VI) and Zink (II)adsorptive capacity of waste coffee husk to treat tannery wastewater. The effects of adsorbent dose (0.2-2.4 g/L), contact time (20- 60 min), agitation speed (50-250 rpm), and pH value (2-8) on the adsorptive capacity of coffee husk on the removal of hexavalent chromium (VI) & zinc (II) from tannery wastewater were studied. Using 2.4 g/L adsorbent dose, 250 rpm agitation speed, 60 min contact time, and pH value of 2, a maximum Cr(VI) removal capacity of coffee husk was 83%. The maximum Zn(II) removal capacity of coffee husk was found to be 79% at an adsorbent dose of 2.4 g/L, 60 min contact time, pH 7, and agitation speed of 250 rpm. Therefore, it can be concluded that coffee husk achieved significant removal of hexavalent chromium (VI) and zinc (II) from tannery wastewater.
{"title":"ADSORPTIVE CAPACITY OF COFFEE HUSK IN THE REMOVAL OF CHROMIUM (VI) AND ZINK (II) FROM TANNERY EFFLUENT: KINETICS AND EQUILIBRIUM STUDIES","authors":"Desalegn Abdissa, Temesgen Abeto, Yigezu Mekonnen, Dejene Beyene","doi":"10.26480/wcm.02.2021.72.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.02.2021.72.78","url":null,"abstract":"Tannery wastewater is the most challenging due to the complex toxic pollutants it releases into the environment. Similarly, coffee husk from coffee processing operations pollutes the environment. The use of coffee husk to remove hexavalent chromium (VI) and Zink (II)from tannery wastewater solves pollution problems due to untreated tannery wastewater and coffee husk. A batch adsorption process was conducted to determine chromium (VI) and Zink (II)adsorptive capacity of waste coffee husk to treat tannery wastewater. The effects of adsorbent dose (0.2-2.4 g/L), contact time (20- 60 min), agitation speed (50-250 rpm), and pH value (2-8) on the adsorptive capacity of coffee husk on the removal of hexavalent chromium (VI) & zinc (II) from tannery wastewater were studied. Using 2.4 g/L adsorbent dose, 250 rpm agitation speed, 60 min contact time, and pH value of 2, a maximum Cr(VI) removal capacity of coffee husk was 83%. The maximum Zn(II) removal capacity of coffee husk was found to be 79% at an adsorbent dose of 2.4 g/L, 60 min contact time, pH 7, and agitation speed of 250 rpm. Therefore, it can be concluded that coffee husk achieved significant removal of hexavalent chromium (VI) and zinc (II) from tannery wastewater.","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76860069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.26480/wcm.02.2021.53.57
Nandini Moondra, Namrata D Jariwala, Robin A Christian
Conventional domestic wastewater treatment in most developing countries is confined to secondary treatments, mainly focusing on solids and organics removal, which results in eutrophication when the effluents are discharged into receiving bodies. Thus, to resolve the issues associated with the conventional treatment system, in the present study, microalgae was introduced in the primary treated effluent collected from a sewage treatment plant to study the efficiency of the system in reducing eutrophication and other challenges of secondary treatment. Phycoremediation is an effective and eco-friendly treatment alternative that reduced the primary-treated effluent’s PO4-P, NH3-N and COD concentration to 97.89%, 98.81%, and 88.24%, respectively at the identical HRT practiced for secondary treatment. One-way ANOVA was also conducted to determine the effectiveness of the system statistically. The experimental and statistical analysis proved that microalgal treatment could resolve the challenges of conventional secondary treatments if adopted for domestic wastewater.
{"title":"ROLE OF PHYCOREMEDIATION IN DOMESTIC WASTEWATER TREATMENT","authors":"Nandini Moondra, Namrata D Jariwala, Robin A Christian","doi":"10.26480/wcm.02.2021.53.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.02.2021.53.57","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional domestic wastewater treatment in most developing countries is confined to secondary treatments, mainly focusing on solids and organics removal, which results in eutrophication when the effluents are discharged into receiving bodies. Thus, to resolve the issues associated with the conventional treatment system, in the present study, microalgae was introduced in the primary treated effluent collected from a sewage treatment plant to study the efficiency of the system in reducing eutrophication and other challenges of secondary treatment. Phycoremediation is an effective and eco-friendly treatment alternative that reduced the primary-treated effluent’s PO4-P, NH3-N and COD concentration to 97.89%, 98.81%, and 88.24%, respectively at the identical HRT practiced for secondary treatment. One-way ANOVA was also conducted to determine the effectiveness of the system statistically. The experimental and statistical analysis proved that microalgal treatment could resolve the challenges of conventional secondary treatments if adopted for domestic wastewater.","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76186432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.26480/wcm.02.2021.84.88
Syukri Fathudin Achmad Widodo, B. Kartika, A. Nuryanto
This research aims to design 5R character-based halal industry players (Ringkas, Rapi, Resik, Rawat, Rajin) or 5S (Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, Sustain), as well as their debriefing for UNY and IIUM students in supporting the Halal industry related to Good Aquaculture Practices. This area has been selected, due to some factors. The first is the occurrence of several cases of aquaculture products that changed status from being permissible to become impermissible due to the external factors, for example, the fact that the water quality is bad and contaminated with harmful chemical substances. Water quality is the most important factor affecting fish health and performance in aquaculture production system. Secondly the fish nutrition and feeding are mixed with unclean and filthy ingredients. Thirdly, it is exposed to the risk of contamination from the equipment, which eventually affects halal integrity. Halal products cannot be prepared, processed, or manufactured using equipment that is contaminated with non-halal substances (unclean defined by Shariah). Contamination can be caused by equipment that is contaminated or used together with non-halal products. Therefore, equipment and machinery used in the halal aquaculture industry play a very important role to ensure halal integrity. This paper uses a library and literature review approach. It is expected that with the arrangement of 5R or 5S-based character strengthening design, the operators of Aquaculture Industry may preserve Halal Supply Chain.
本研究旨在设计5R基于角色的清真产业参与者(Ringkas, Rapi, Resik, Rawat, Rajin)或5S (Sort, Set in Order, Shine，标准化，Sustain)，以及他们为nyu和IIUM学生提供的关于支持与良好水产养殖规范相关的清真产业的报告。由于一些因素，这个地区被选中了。一是由于水质恶劣、受有害化学物质污染等外部因素的影响，水产养殖产品由允许状态变为不允许状态的案例时有发生。在水产养殖生产系统中，水质是影响鱼类健康和生产性能的最重要因素。其次，鱼的营养和饲料混合了不干净和肮脏的成分。第三，它暴露于设备污染的风险，最终影响清真完整性。清真产品不能使用被非清真物质(伊斯兰教法定义的不洁净)污染的设备来制备、加工或制造。污染可能是由被污染的设备或与非清真产品一起使用造成的。因此，在清真水产养殖业中使用的设备和机械对确保清真完整性起着非常重要的作用。本文采用图书馆法和文献综述法。预计通过5R或基于5s的字符强化设计的安排，水产养殖业的经营者可以保留清真供应链。
{"title":"5R-BASED CHARACTER STRENGTHENING MODEL TO SUPPORT HALAL AQUACULTURE INDUSTRY PRACTITIONERS THROUGH GOOD WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND SAFE MACHINERY OPERATION","authors":"Syukri Fathudin Achmad Widodo, B. Kartika, A. Nuryanto","doi":"10.26480/wcm.02.2021.84.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.02.2021.84.88","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to design 5R character-based halal industry players (Ringkas, Rapi, Resik, Rawat, Rajin) or 5S (Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, Sustain), as well as their debriefing for UNY and IIUM students in supporting the Halal industry related to Good Aquaculture Practices. This area has been selected, due to some factors. The first is the occurrence of several cases of aquaculture products that changed status from being permissible to become impermissible due to the external factors, for example, the fact that the water quality is bad and contaminated with harmful chemical substances. Water quality is the most important factor affecting fish health and performance in aquaculture production system. Secondly the fish nutrition and feeding are mixed with unclean and filthy ingredients. Thirdly, it is exposed to the risk of contamination from the equipment, which eventually affects halal integrity. Halal products cannot be prepared, processed, or manufactured using equipment that is contaminated with non-halal substances (unclean defined by Shariah). Contamination can be caused by equipment that is contaminated or used together with non-halal products. Therefore, equipment and machinery used in the halal aquaculture industry play a very important role to ensure halal integrity. This paper uses a library and literature review approach. It is expected that with the arrangement of 5R or 5S-based character strengthening design, the operators of Aquaculture Industry may preserve Halal Supply Chain.","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82818699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ecological condition of Lake Bilikol under conditions of anthropogenic pollution from the Asa River has been recently documented. Major pollution events occurred in 1983-1984 and 1988 after the accidental release of industrial effluents from the Zhambyl Phosphorus Factory into the Asa River. This also became the starting point of environmental deterioration. In subsequent years, the flora and fauna of the lake were partially self-restored, but because of the impact of pollutants, the lake is still in the stage of severe degradation. This article examines changes in the ecological condition of Lake Bilikol under anthropogenic pollution inputs from the Asa River, which is the main source to the lake. This article also includes a description of the geographical location, information on lake fauna (fish stocks, water, and water birds), and hydrography and anthropogenic impacts. The level of anthropogenic impact and its duration over time, which multiplied after the accidental release of industrial wastewater from the Zhambyl phosphorus plant into the Asa riverbed in 1983-84 and 1988, is the starting point of ecological degradation of the lake and is reviewed in more detail. Chemical analysis results of water and soils of the lakebed, which are mainly polluted by phosphates and fluorides, and their transformation during the last 30 years are presented in methodical terms. In certain years, there was a partial self-restoration of the lake ecosystem (water quality, fauna, and flora). Nevertheless, the lake is currently experiencing severe ecological degradation because of the long-term influence of chemical pollutants. In the future, environmental protection measures are needed to plan practical measures for the rehabilitation of the lake using methods both for the acceleration of biological self-remediation and for hydro-mechanical cleaning of the lakebed and lake water.
{"title":"THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION OF LAKE BILIKOL AFTER ANTHROPOGENIC POLLUTION FROM THE ASA RIVER, KAZAKHSTAN","authors":"Karlykhanov Orazkhan, Tazhiyeva Tursunay, A. Kuralay, Jumadilova Anara, Zhigitova Saule, Tursynbaev Nurzhan","doi":"10.26480/wcm.02.2021.89.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.02.2021.89.94","url":null,"abstract":"The ecological condition of Lake Bilikol under conditions of anthropogenic pollution from the Asa River has been recently documented. Major pollution events occurred in 1983-1984 and 1988 after the accidental release of industrial effluents from the Zhambyl Phosphorus Factory into the Asa River. This also became the starting point of environmental deterioration. In subsequent years, the flora and fauna of the lake were partially self-restored, but because of the impact of pollutants, the lake is still in the stage of severe degradation. This article examines changes in the ecological condition of Lake Bilikol under anthropogenic pollution inputs from the Asa River, which is the main source to the lake. This article also includes a description of the geographical location, information on lake fauna (fish stocks, water, and water birds), and hydrography and anthropogenic impacts. The level of anthropogenic impact and its duration over time, which multiplied after the accidental release of industrial wastewater from the Zhambyl phosphorus plant into the Asa riverbed in 1983-84 and 1988, is the starting point of ecological degradation of the lake and is reviewed in more detail. Chemical analysis results of water and soils of the lakebed, which are mainly polluted by phosphates and fluorides, and their transformation during the last 30 years are presented in methodical terms. In certain years, there was a partial self-restoration of the lake ecosystem (water quality, fauna, and flora). Nevertheless, the lake is currently experiencing severe ecological degradation because of the long-term influence of chemical pollutants. In the future, environmental protection measures are needed to plan practical measures for the rehabilitation of the lake using methods both for the acceleration of biological self-remediation and for hydro-mechanical cleaning of the lakebed and lake water.","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79873936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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