Journal of Aging and Environment最新文献

英文中文

Exploring Stakeholder Perspectives on the UK’s Regulatory Tools for Accessible Housing: Lessons for Canada 探讨利益相关者对英国无障碍住房监管工具的看法：加拿大的经验教训

IF 2 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Aging and Environment

Pub Date : 2021-02-08 DOI: 10.1080/26892618.2021.1877861

Katy E. Vaughan, M. Terashima, K. Clark, Katherine Deturbide

Abstract Accessible housing is an urgent issue for countries experiencing rapid population aging. For over 20 years the United Kingdom’s (UK) building code (Part M) and Lifetime Homes Standard have been researched as leading practices to increase accessible housing stock and allow older adults to stay in their communities. This review compiles key stakeholder groups’ perspectives on these regulatory tools. Five main themes and ‘lessons learned’ were derived to anticipate potential challenges and inform proactive response for planners and policy makers in Canada and other countries when developing their own accessible housing regulation.

无障碍住房是人口老龄化迅速发展的国家迫切需要解决的问题。20多年来，英国的建筑规范(M部分)和终身住宅标准被研究为增加无障碍住房存量并允许老年人留在他们的社区的领先实践。本综述汇编了主要利益相关者团体对这些监管工具的观点。五个主要主题和“经验教训”是为了预测潜在的挑战，并为加拿大和其他国家的规划者和政策制定者在制定自己的无障碍住房法规时提供积极的回应。

引用次数: 1

Developing and Testing A Model of the Assisted Living Environment. 开发并测试辅助生活环境模型。

IF 2 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Aging and Environment

Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-07-21 DOI: 10.1080/26892618.2020.1793439

Sarah D Holmes, Barbara Resnick, Elizabeth Galik, Nancy Kusmaul

The assisted living (AL) environment plays an important role in supporting residents' satisfaction and helping them to age in place. The AL environment is multidimensional and has many interrelated components including staffing (e.g. direct care workers, nursing, activity staff), services provided (e.g. medical, mental health, pharmacy), amenities offered at the setting (e.g. beauty salon, library, exercise facilities), and the physical environment. Evidence suggests that aspects of the AL environment can enhance or detract from the physical function, well-being, social engagement, and behavioral outcomes among residents. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a multidimensional AL environment measurement model that includes indicators of staffing, services, amenities, and the physical environment. Baseline data was used from a study testing the Dissemination and Implementation of Function Focused Care in AL. A total of 54 AL facilities across three states were included in the sample. Settings ranged in size from 31 to 164 beds with an average size of 82.2 (SD=26.2) beds and the majority were for profit facilities (n=41, 74.5%). Structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed model. Results showed that the model fit the data (χ²/df=1.861, p<.05; CFI=.858, RMSEA=.126). Having a comprehensive AL environment measurement model will advance future research that explores the impact of the environment on resident outcomes. Findings from this study will inform interventions and programs designed to modify AL environments to optimize residents' satisfaction with AL.

辅助生活（AL）环境在提高居住者满意度和帮助他们居家养老方面发挥着重要作用。辅助生活环境是多层面的，有许多相互关联的组成部分，包括人员配备（如直接护理人员、护理人员、活动人员）、提供的服务（如医疗、心理健康、药房）、提供的设施（如美容院、图书馆、运动设施）以及物理环境。有证据表明，安老院环境的各个方面都能增强或减弱居民的身体机能、幸福感、社会参与度和行为结果。本研究的目的是开发并测试一个多维度的养老院环境测量模型，其中包括人员配备、服务、便利设施和物理环境等指标。基线数据来自于一项测试 "以功能为重点的护理在养老院中的传播和实施 "的研究。共有三个州的 54 家 AL 机构被纳入样本。这些设施的规模从 31 到 164 张床位不等，平均规模为 82.2（SD=26.2）张床位，大多数为营利性设施（n=41，74.5%）。结构方程模型被用来检验所提出的模型。结果表明，模型与数据拟合（χ2/df=1.861，p

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引用次数: 0

Profiles of Expectations Regarding Aging After Relocation to Assisted Living. 搬迁到辅助生活区后的养老预期概况。

IF 2 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Aging and Environment

Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-11-25 DOI: 10.1080/26892618.2020.1848966

Evan Plys, Ronald Smith

This study classified assisted living (AL) residents by expectations for future physical, cognitive, and socioemotional health in later life. The authors analyzed cross-sectional data from 202 AL residents. Study participants completed the 12-item expectations regarding aging survey. A K-means cluster analysis identified three subgroups: "lower expectations" (n = 55), "higher expectations" (n = 70), and "expecting adaptiveness" (n = 77). Subgroups varied by select demographic, health, and relocation-related factors. Results suggest that, despite similarities in physical and cognitive functioning, AL residents reported different expectations for health. Socioemotional functioning may help explain observed discrepancies between current health and future health-related expectations.

本研究按照对未来晚年身体、认知和社会情感健康的预期，对生活辅助设施（AL）的住户进行了分类。作者分析了 202 名辅助生活设施居民的横截面数据。研究参与者完成了由 12 个项目组成的老龄化预期调查。K-means 聚类分析确定了三个亚组："较低期望"（55 人）、"较高期望"（70 人）和 "期望适应"（77 人）。分组因所选的人口、健康和搬迁相关因素而异。结果表明，尽管阿尔茨海默氏症居民的身体和认知功能相似，但他们对健康的期望却不同。社会情感功能可能有助于解释所观察到的当前健康与未来健康相关期望之间的差异。

引用次数: 0

Institutional Environment of Old Age Homes and Its Relation to Adjustment of Older Adults: Evidence from Pakistan 养老院的制度环境及其与老年人适应的关系:来自巴基斯坦的证据

IF 2 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Aging and Environment

Pub Date : 2020-12-17 DOI: 10.1080/26892618.2020.1858385

Jawad Tariq, M. Ali, R. Zakar, Amal Sajjad, Hamad Tariq

Abstract The study investigated the role of institutional environment in adjustment of older adults living in old age homes of Punjab, Pakistan. The study was conducted on a sample of 270 residents, living in 18 old age facilities across Punjab. The data was collected through a structured interview questionnaire and was analyzed through SPSS (v. 22). The multiple regression analyses suggested that institutional environment along with number of children and number of visitors was a significant predictor of adjustment of older adults. Interventions such as higher support from staff and residents, autonomy, and engagement can help older adults to adjust better in old age homes.

摘要本研究调查了制度环境在巴基斯坦旁遮普邦养老院老年人适应中的作用。这项研究是对居住在旁遮普省18个养老机构的270名居民进行的。数据是通过结构化访谈问卷收集的，并通过SPSS进行分析（v.22）。多元回归分析表明，机构环境以及儿童数量和访客数量是老年人适应的重要预测因素。工作人员和居民的更高支持、自主性和参与度等干预措施可以帮助老年人更好地适应养老院。

引用次数: 2

Identifying Key Components of Paper-Based and Technology-Based Home Assessment Tools Using a Narrative Literature Review 使用叙事性文献综述识别基于纸张和技术的家庭评估工具的关键组成部分

IF 2 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Aging and Environment

Pub Date : 2020-12-16 DOI: 10.1080/26892618.2020.1856754

Sahar Mihandoust, Rutali Joshi, Anjali Joseph, K. Madathil, C. Dye, H. Machry, Julia Wilson

Abstract The built environment of an older person’s home can reduce or promote the possibility of a fall or other injury. A user-friendly tool can help the residents to evaluate their home environment within the context of their specific functional and mobility challenges, so that needed modifications can be identified and completed before an event causing injury occurs. The increasing use of telehealth and other digital technologies has paved the way for technology-based person-initiated home assessments that may allow people to evaluate and improve their homes proactively. The purpose of this literature review was to systematically analyze existing published paper- and technology-based home assessment tools to understand the structure and key characteristics of existing tools and to understand the limitations in existing home assessment tools. This review identified and compared 24 studies based on structure, content, and implementation. While a vast variety of tools and methods currently exist for conducting in-home or remote home assessment for older adults, there is a lack of a comprehensive and user-friendly technology-based tool that older adults can use to conduct an environmental assessment of their home in relation to their functional abilities, such that modifications may be identified that can prevent falls and other injuries.

老年人住宅的建筑环境可以减少或增加跌倒或其他伤害的可能性。一个用户友好的工具可以帮助居民在他们特定的功能和行动挑战的背景下评估他们的家庭环境，这样就可以在造成伤害的事件发生之前确定并完成所需的修改。越来越多地使用远程保健和其他数字技术，为基于技术的由个人发起的家庭评估铺平了道路，使人们能够主动评估和改善他们的家庭。本文献综述的目的是系统分析现有的纸质和基于技术的家庭评估工具，以了解现有工具的结构和关键特征，并了解现有家庭评估工具的局限性。本综述根据结构、内容和实施确定并比较了24项研究。虽然目前有各种各样的工具和方法用于对老年人进行家庭或远程家庭评估，但缺乏一种全面和用户友好的基于技术的工具，老年人可以使用它来对其家庭进行与他们的功能能力有关的环境评估，从而可以确定可以防止跌倒和其他伤害的修改。

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引用次数: 2

Creating a Sense of Place after Homelessness: We Are Not “Ready for the Shelf” 无家可归后创造一种地方感：我们还没有“准备好上架”

IF 2 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Aging and Environment

Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.1080/26892618.2020.1858382

Victoria F. Burns, Natalie St-Denis, C. Walsh, Jennifer Hewson

Abstract Increasingly, older adults’ perspectives are informing aging in place and Age-Friendly Cities (AFC) research, policy, and practices. However, rarely are the voices of older people who are experiencing or have experienced homelessness included. Guided by the concepts of place and home, this qualitative study used semi-structured go-along interviews and thematic analysis to explore how seven older adults (aged 50+) with homeless histories created a sense of place, and the facilitators and barriers they encountered in their place-making process after being housed. The analysis revealed two main themes: home as safety; and sense of place as purpose. Although most expressed gratitude for the safety their housing provided, it was not enough to feel in place. Sense of place was created through engaging in meaningful activities that provided them with a sense of purpose. Sense of place as purpose was facilitated by three subthemes (self-determination, employment/education, and technology), and three barriers (discrimination, transportation, and income). Recommendations are provided which can inform the development of more inclusive housing design and programming, and foster AFC for all older adults, including people with homeless histories.

摘要越来越多的老年人的观点为就地老龄化和老年友好城市（AFC）的研究、政策和实践提供了信息。然而，很少有正在经历或曾经经历过无家可归的老年人的声音被包括在内。在地点和家的概念指导下，这项定性研究使用了半结构化的随机访谈和主题分析，探讨了七名有无家可归历史的老年人（50岁以上）是如何创造地方感的，以及他们在被安置后在安置过程中遇到的促进者和障碍。分析揭示了两个主要主题：家即安全；以及作为目的的地方感。尽管大多数人对他们的住房提供的安全表示感谢，但这还不够到位。地方感是通过参与有意义的活动来创造的，这些活动为他们提供了目标感。三个子主题（自决、就业/教育和技术）和三个障碍（歧视、交通和收入）促进了地方作为目标的意识。提供的建议可以为制定更具包容性的住房设计和规划提供信息，并促进所有老年人，包括有无家可归史的人的AFC。

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引用次数: 2

Determinants of the Implementation of Home Evaluations among Patients with Fall-Related Fractures at a Convalescent Rehabilitation Ward in Tokyo: A Cross-Sectional Study 东京一家康复病房中跌倒相关骨折患者实施家庭评估的决定因素:一项横断面研究

IF 2 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Aging and Environment

Pub Date : 2020-12-14 DOI: 10.1080/26892618.2020.1859036

Rumiko Tsuchiya-Ito, N. Kusumoto, Keiko Maruyama-Sakurai, A. Tamai, H. Yokoyama, Ayako Watanabe, T. Fujiwara, T. Yamanaka

Abstract Home adaptations are integral for inpatients with fall-related fractures, especially during discharge. However, it is unclear as to how patient-implemented home evaluations can be prioritized with limited professional rehabilitation resources. This study examines the associations between predisposing, enabling, and needs factors with the implementation of home evaluations in the eastern district of Tokyo. Being a female and lower comprehension in cognitive function was significantly associated with the implementation of home evaluations. It may be necessary to consider patients’ cognitive function when deciding who to target for housing evaluations and to seek strategies to best estimate their needs.

家庭适应是不可或缺的住院患者与跌倒相关的骨折，特别是在出院期间。然而，目前尚不清楚在专业康复资源有限的情况下，如何优先考虑患者实施的家庭评估。本研究探讨了东京东部地区实施家庭评估的易感因素、使能因素和需求因素之间的关系。女性和认知功能理解力较低与家庭评价的实施显著相关。可能有必要考虑患者的认知功能时，决定谁为目标的住房评估和寻求策略，以最好地估计他们的需求。

引用次数: 0

Later-Life Migration in The Netherlands: Propensity to Move and Residential Mobility 荷兰的晚年移民：流动性和居住流动性

IF 2 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Aging and Environment

Pub Date : 2020-12-11 DOI: 10.1080/26892618.2020.1858384

Petra A. de Jong

Abstract As the populations age, there is a growing potential for later-life migration. In this study, the residential moving behavior of older adults in the Netherlands is examined. On the basis of pooled data from the Housing Research Netherlands (HRN) survey, we were able to reveal which factors are likely to influence considerations about moving and actual mobility. The results support the premise that residential mobility decreases with age. The strongest predictors of actual mobility were factors associated with the dwelling, while the neighborhood, particularly the extent of social cohesiveness, played a substantial role in explaining the older adults’ propensity to move.

摘要随着人口的老龄化，晚年迁移的可能性越来越大。本研究考察了荷兰老年人的居住迁移行为。根据荷兰住房研究所（HRN）调查的汇总数据，我们能够揭示哪些因素可能会影响对搬家和实际流动性的考虑。研究结果支持了这样一个前提，即居住流动性随着年龄的增长而下降。实际流动性的最强预测因素是与居住相关的因素，而社区，特别是社会凝聚力的程度，在解释老年人的流动倾向方面发挥了重要作用。

引用次数: 4

Supportive Housing for Older Adults with Disabilities: Mapping the Literature on Board and Care Homes in the United States Using the Age-Friendly Communities Framework 残疾老年人的支持性住房：使用老年友好社区框架绘制美国寄宿和养老院的文献

IF 2 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Aging and Environment

Pub Date : 2020-12-11 DOI: 10.1080/26892618.2020.1858383

D. McMaughan, Jennifer Ozmetin, J. Beverly, M. Foster

Abstract With the increase in life expectancy in the United States comes an increase in years lived with a disability and poverty. This necessitates age-friendly, affordable housing that is appropriate for older adults with disabilities. Board and care homes provide housing and services for older adults with disabilities. This scoping review maps the literature on board and care homes in the United States following the age-friendly communities framework. A synthesis of articles (n = 10) revealed that board and care homes, while probably affordable, can be unsafe; variable in services provided; are mostly unregulated; and may lack opportunities for socialization.

摘要随着美国预期寿命的增加，残疾和贫困人口的寿命也在增加。这就需要适合残疾老年人的适合老年人的负担得起的住房。寄宿家庭和养老院为残疾老年人提供住房和服务。这项范围界定审查根据老年友好社区框架绘制了美国船上和养老院的文献。文章（n）的合成 = 10）揭示了寄宿家庭和养老院虽然可能负担得起，但可能不安全；提供的服务可变；大多不受监管；并且可能缺乏社会化的机会。

引用次数: 0

Thinking outside of the Box: Medical Provider Perspectives on Adaptive Reuse of Closed Mall Sites for Mixed-Use Dementia Programs and Services 跳出框框思考：医疗提供者对关闭的购物中心场地用于混合用途痴呆症项目和服务的适应性再利用的看法

IF 2 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Aging and Environment

Pub Date : 2020-12-11 DOI: 10.1080/26892618.2020.1856753

Emily Roberts, K. Kleszynski, A. Shehadeh, H. C. Carter

Abstract The double societal hit of dementia and infectious disease outbreaks like the COVID-19 pandemic have raised a convergence of concerns for the future of care settings for people living with dementia. It is estimated that 5.4 million Americans have some form of dementia and these numbers are expected to rise in the coming decades, leading to an unprecedented demand for memory care housing and services. In searching for innovative options to create more autonomy and better quality of life in dementia care settings, repurposing existing structures, in particular vacant urban malls, may be one option for the large sites needed for the European model of dementia villages. These settings may become sustainable Dementia Friendly City Centers, because with enclosed mall construction, the internal infrastructure is in place for lighting and HVAC, with varied spatial configuration of public spaces. This paper describes the community-based focus group research with medical providers who addressed designs for adaptive reuse of an existing closed mall case study site. Focus group outcomes included discussions on four central themes about the adaptive reuse including: applicability of the concept, spectrum of programs, economic feasibility and onsite medical care.

摘要痴呆症和新冠肺炎大流行等传染病疫情的双重社会打击引发了对痴呆症患者护理环境未来的共同担忧。据估计，540万美国人患有某种形式的痴呆症，预计在未来几十年，这一数字还会上升，这将导致对记忆护理住房和服务的空前需求。在寻找在痴呆症护理环境中创造更多自主权和更好生活质量的创新方案时，重新利用现有结构，特别是空置的城市购物中心，可能是欧洲痴呆症村模式所需的大型场地的一种选择。这些环境可能会成为可持续的痴呆症友好型城市中心，因为通过封闭的购物中心建设，内部基础设施已用于照明和暖通空调，公共空间的空间配置也各不相同。本文描述了与医疗提供者进行的基于社区的焦点小组研究，这些医疗提供者解决了现有封闭式商场案例研究场地的适应性再利用设计。焦点小组的成果包括关于适应性再利用的四个中心主题的讨论，包括：概念的适用性、计划的范围、经济可行性和现场医疗。

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