Pub Date : 2022-11-28DOI: 10.24840/2183-6493_008.006_0014
T. Jabbar, Rafi M. Qasim, Bassam A. Mohammed
This paper intends to numerically analyze the hydrodynamic characteristics of the flow pattern that surrounds the circular pier near the vane angle. These include flow velocity, turbulent intensity, and pressure. A computational fluid dynamic is proposed to simulate the two-dimensional model by using the finite volume method, while the k - ε turbulence model is used to describe the turbulent model. The vane is located upstream of the pier, with its dimensions as function of the pier diameter. The distance between the vane and the pier center is equal to the pier diameter, the angle of the vane is put with a range from 60o to 180o, and the pier diameter is equal to 10 mm. The turbulent flow has a Reynolds number that varies from 20000 to 50000. The existence of the vane angle leads to two different processes, which are flow separation and flow dissipation, which have a direct effect on flow velocity, turbulent intensity, and pressure. From the current numerical results, the relationships between Reynolds number and average flow velocity, maximum flow velocity, turbulent intensity, and maximum turbulent intensity are more sensitive to flow separation and flow dissipation along the vane. Also, positive and negative pressure distributions have a higher influence on flow separation and flow dissipation.
{"title":"Vane Angle Influence on the Flow Pattern around a Circular Pier","authors":"T. Jabbar, Rafi M. Qasim, Bassam A. Mohammed","doi":"10.24840/2183-6493_008.006_0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2183-6493_008.006_0014","url":null,"abstract":"This paper intends to numerically analyze the hydrodynamic characteristics of the flow pattern that surrounds the circular pier near the vane angle. These include flow velocity, turbulent intensity, and pressure. A computational fluid dynamic is proposed to simulate the two-dimensional model by using the finite volume method, while the k - ε turbulence model is used to describe the turbulent model. The vane is located upstream of the pier, with its dimensions as function of the pier diameter. The distance between the vane and the pier center is equal to the pier diameter, the angle of the vane is put with a range from 60o to 180o, and the pier diameter is equal to 10 mm. The turbulent flow has a Reynolds number that varies from 20000 to 50000. The existence of the vane angle leads to two different processes, which are flow separation and flow dissipation, which have a direct effect on flow velocity, turbulent intensity, and pressure. From the current numerical results, the relationships between Reynolds number and average flow velocity, maximum flow velocity, turbulent intensity, and maximum turbulent intensity are more sensitive to flow separation and flow dissipation along the vane. Also, positive and negative pressure distributions have a higher influence on flow separation and flow dissipation.","PeriodicalId":36339,"journal":{"name":"U.Porto Journal of Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85874049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-28DOI: 10.24840/2183-6493_008.006_0011
T. Petrova, E. Kirilova, Rayka Vladova, B. Boyadjiev, W. Becker, P. Dineva-Vladikova
In the present study, a two-dimensional stress-function method is applied to model the axial strain distribution in the tungsten disulfide (WS2) flake embedded in an epoxy/polymethyl methacrylate nanocomposite structure subjected to an axial tension load. The analytical model strain distribution along the flake is calculated and compared with experimental and shear-lag model literature data for monolayer flake at an external strain of 0.35% and 0.55%, as well as with results for few-layer flakes at an external strain of 0.55%. The comparison shows good agreement and confirms the applicability of our model method for describing strains in nanocomposite layered structures in the elastic region of applied loads. The presented method is not appropriate for few layers flake at an external strain of 0.55% because of the appearance of relaxation zone and the formation of wrinkles in the flake.
{"title":"Modelling and Validation of the Axial Strain Distribution in WS2 Flakes at WS2/Epoxy/PMMA Nanocomposite under Axial Load","authors":"T. Petrova, E. Kirilova, Rayka Vladova, B. Boyadjiev, W. Becker, P. Dineva-Vladikova","doi":"10.24840/2183-6493_008.006_0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2183-6493_008.006_0011","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, a two-dimensional stress-function method is applied to model the axial strain distribution in the tungsten disulfide (WS2) flake embedded in an epoxy/polymethyl methacrylate nanocomposite structure subjected to an axial tension load. The analytical model strain distribution along the flake is calculated and compared with experimental and shear-lag model literature data for monolayer flake at an external strain of 0.35% and 0.55%, as well as with results for few-layer flakes at an external strain of 0.55%. The comparison shows good agreement and confirms the applicability of our model method for describing strains in nanocomposite layered structures in the elastic region of applied loads. The presented method is not appropriate for few layers flake at an external strain of 0.55% because of the appearance of relaxation zone and the formation of wrinkles in the flake.","PeriodicalId":36339,"journal":{"name":"U.Porto Journal of Engineering","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91369991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-28DOI: 10.24840/2183-6493_008.006_0001
António Ramos Silva, M. Vaz, Sofia Leite, J. Mendes
Thermography using a period light stimulation. However, the results are highly dependent on the accuracy of the stimulation source and its dynamic response. This work aimed to evaluate the quality of a light source as a thermal stimulation and its influence on the quality of the lock-in tests performed in PMMA samples. For this purpose, it was developed an enhanced technique, feedback lock-in thermal testing (FLTT), which uses a light sensor to measure the real light stimulation. With this solution, it was possible to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the amplitude and phase images by approximately 2.5 times. Although only one commercial stimulation source has been tested, others may present similar behavior. Thus, this technique may be considered for lock-in systems using light stimulation, as the increment of the cost is rather small.
{"title":"Infrared Lock-in Thermography Tests with Optical Feedback","authors":"António Ramos Silva, M. Vaz, Sofia Leite, J. Mendes","doi":"10.24840/2183-6493_008.006_0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2183-6493_008.006_0001","url":null,"abstract":"Thermography using a period light stimulation. However, the results are highly dependent on the accuracy of the stimulation source and its dynamic response. This work aimed to evaluate the quality of a light source as a thermal stimulation and its influence on the quality of the lock-in tests performed in PMMA samples. For this purpose, it was developed an enhanced technique, feedback lock-in thermal testing (FLTT), which uses a light sensor to measure the real light stimulation. With this solution, it was possible to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the amplitude and phase images by approximately 2.5 times. Although only one commercial stimulation source has been tested, others may present similar behavior. Thus, this technique may be considered for lock-in systems using light stimulation, as the increment of the cost is rather small.","PeriodicalId":36339,"journal":{"name":"U.Porto Journal of Engineering","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86699976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-27DOI: 10.24840/2183-6493_008.005_0003
Alice Bessa, Anita Barbosa, J. Costa, Julia Matysik, M. Alves, Mariana Marques, Y. Manrique
HaliTeddies are made of carnosic acid present in rosemary and aim to inhibit the action of halitosis causing bacteria. A need for this product was identified due to the mandatory use of facial masks because of COVID-19, which has had a negative outcome when it comes to breathe malodour. A vegan gummy bear product was selected as the best idea to satisfy this need since it is an appealing approach for a younger audience of 15- to 49-year-olds. The strategy for production includes rosemary being bought from a national producer, whereas extraction of the active principle, production, and packaging is done at the production facilities. Lastly, an economic analysis has shown that this project requires an investment of 7 M€. The product would be sold at pharmacies at a retail price of 11.99 €. This analysis has shown that HaliTeddies may be considered to be a profitable and viable business.
{"title":"HaliTeddies","authors":"Alice Bessa, Anita Barbosa, J. Costa, Julia Matysik, M. Alves, Mariana Marques, Y. Manrique","doi":"10.24840/2183-6493_008.005_0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2183-6493_008.005_0003","url":null,"abstract":"HaliTeddies are made of carnosic acid present in rosemary and aim to inhibit the action of halitosis causing bacteria. A need for this product was identified due to the mandatory use of facial masks because of COVID-19, which has had a negative outcome when it comes to breathe malodour. A vegan gummy bear product was selected as the best idea to satisfy this need since it is an appealing approach for a younger audience of 15- to 49-year-olds. The strategy for production includes rosemary being bought from a national producer, whereas extraction of the active principle, production, and packaging is done at the production facilities. Lastly, an economic analysis has shown that this project requires an investment of 7 M€. The product would be sold at pharmacies at a retail price of 11.99 €. This analysis has shown that HaliTeddies may be considered to be a profitable and viable business.","PeriodicalId":36339,"journal":{"name":"U.Porto Journal of Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75010493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Filipa Carvalho, Francisca Duarte, Laura Pedreiras, Vanessa Posada, Margarida Brito
The main purpose of this project was the eco-valorisation of the tomato plant residues. The chemical product design method was used to select the best idea based on 4 steps: needs, ideas, selection, and manufacturing.Liquid xylitol is here proposed for the valorisation of tomato plant residues, which is an alternative sweetener with a lower glycemic index that can be produced from the hemicellulose found in leaves and stems. Its production would require an alkaline extraction with sodium hydroxide, enzymatic hydrolyses using endo-1,4-β-xylanase, and yeast fermentation with Candida tropicalis.Liquid sweetener with 72% xylitol and other components (D-glucose, D-mannose, D-galactose, L-arabinose, and lignin), commercialised as NITS - Natural Incredible Tomato Sweetener, could be sold for 2.25 €·L-1 for companies and the same price per bottle of 500 mL for individual consumption.
{"title":"Xylitol","authors":"Filipa Carvalho, Francisca Duarte, Laura Pedreiras, Vanessa Posada, Margarida Brito","doi":"10.1108/eb059460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eb059460","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this project was the eco-valorisation of the tomato plant residues. The chemical product design method was used to select the best idea based on 4 steps: needs, ideas, selection, and manufacturing.Liquid xylitol is here proposed for the valorisation of tomato plant residues, which is an alternative sweetener with a lower glycemic index that can be produced from the hemicellulose found in leaves and stems. Its production would require an alkaline extraction with sodium hydroxide, enzymatic hydrolyses using endo-1,4-β-xylanase, and yeast fermentation with Candida tropicalis.Liquid sweetener with 72% xylitol and other components (D-glucose, D-mannose, D-galactose, L-arabinose, and lignin), commercialised as NITS - Natural Incredible Tomato Sweetener, could be sold for 2.25 €·L-1 for companies and the same price per bottle of 500 mL for individual consumption.","PeriodicalId":36339,"journal":{"name":"U.Porto Journal of Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82714351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-27DOI: 10.24840/2183-6493_008.005_0009
Ana Ferreira, Daniela Oliveira, L. Barroca, Margarida Peixoto, I. Martins
EcoSmile is an innovative Portuguese product of quercitrin, an antioxidant extracted from kiwi branches residues with the objective of promoting circular economy. Since periodontal disease currently affects 20 to 50% of the world's population, there is a need for an efficient product to treat this condition. This antioxidant can be used as an active ingredient of this mouthwash as it has anti-inflammatory characteristics and repairs gingival tissues.The extraction and manufacturing processes were studied and scaled to an industrial level. The plant would be installed in Felgueiras, and a team of 14 workers was considered. An economic assessment was made, finding that an investment of €2,550,000 would be necessary. The project is economically viable and capable of generating a financial surplus.
{"title":"EcoSmile","authors":"Ana Ferreira, Daniela Oliveira, L. Barroca, Margarida Peixoto, I. Martins","doi":"10.24840/2183-6493_008.005_0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2183-6493_008.005_0009","url":null,"abstract":"EcoSmile is an innovative Portuguese product of quercitrin, an antioxidant extracted from kiwi branches residues with the objective of promoting circular economy. Since periodontal disease currently affects 20 to 50% of the world's population, there is a need for an efficient product to treat this condition. This antioxidant can be used as an active ingredient of this mouthwash as it has anti-inflammatory characteristics and repairs gingival tissues.The extraction and manufacturing processes were studied and scaled to an industrial level. The plant would be installed in Felgueiras, and a team of 14 workers was considered. An economic assessment was made, finding that an investment of €2,550,000 would be necessary. The project is economically viable and capable of generating a financial surplus.","PeriodicalId":36339,"journal":{"name":"U.Porto Journal of Engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88939183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-27DOI: 10.24840/2183-6493_008.005_0004
Adriana Oliveira, A. Silva, Catarina Neves, Francisca Leal, I. Pinho, Maria Ana Silva, Y. Manrique
This work aims at developing a new chemical product, which involves all the product design stages, starting from the evaluation of market needs, generation of ideas, selection of the selected idea and finally, the decision of the manufacturing process.During this analysis, it was decided to use the ellagic acid extracted from cork powder, a cork industry waste, to create our final product: an anti-photoaging cream free of parabens and fragrances. This decision results from the protective role of ellagic acid against UV-B-induced oxidative stress, reducing wrinkles and sun inflammation consequences. A rough economic feasibility analysis was carried out based on an industrial showcase, in which it was calculated the Net Present Value of 1.6 M€, so the project was considered viable. It was also determined the Internal Return Rate - value of 85 %, and the Payback Time was set at 3.3 years.
{"title":"Anti-photoaging Cream using a Quercus Suber Extract","authors":"Adriana Oliveira, A. Silva, Catarina Neves, Francisca Leal, I. Pinho, Maria Ana Silva, Y. Manrique","doi":"10.24840/2183-6493_008.005_0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2183-6493_008.005_0004","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims at developing a new chemical product, which involves all the product design stages, starting from the evaluation of market needs, generation of ideas, selection of the selected idea and finally, the decision of the manufacturing process.During this analysis, it was decided to use the ellagic acid extracted from cork powder, a cork industry waste, to create our final product: an anti-photoaging cream free of parabens and fragrances. This decision results from the protective role of ellagic acid against UV-B-induced oxidative stress, reducing wrinkles and sun inflammation consequences. A rough economic feasibility analysis was carried out based on an industrial showcase, in which it was calculated the Net Present Value of 1.6 M€, so the project was considered viable. It was also determined the Internal Return Rate - value of 85 %, and the Payback Time was set at 3.3 years.","PeriodicalId":36339,"journal":{"name":"U.Porto Journal of Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80777392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mental health is on the agenda, especially in times of pandemic due to the COVID-19 virus. Nowadays, psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression, have been more discussed and have become even more critical during confinement. This paper proposes the development process of an innovative product whose active ingredient - ellagic acid, extracted from the chestnut shell - has anxiolytic properties and can be potentially used in consumers' daily lives, preventing this type of illness. The product presented, Do Nut Stress – Acid ellagic enriched pancakes for anxiety control, consists of a pancake powder, considered a healthy and nutritious meal.
{"title":"Valorization of Ellagic Acid from Chestnut Shell as a Natural Anti-anxiety Food Supplement","authors":"Joana Vasconcelos Neto, Carla Batista, Beatriz Moreira Franco, Susana Dinis, Joana Teixeira, Y. Manrique","doi":"10.24840/2183-6493_008.005_0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2183-6493_008.005_0002","url":null,"abstract":"Mental health is on the agenda, especially in times of pandemic due to the COVID-19 virus. Nowadays, psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression, have been more discussed and have become even more critical during confinement. This paper proposes the development process of an innovative product whose active ingredient - ellagic acid, extracted from the chestnut shell - has anxiolytic properties and can be potentially used in consumers' daily lives, preventing this type of illness. The product presented, Do Nut Stress – Acid ellagic enriched pancakes for anxiety control, consists of a pancake powder, considered a healthy and nutritious meal.","PeriodicalId":36339,"journal":{"name":"U.Porto Journal of Engineering","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85621635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-27DOI: 10.24840/2183-6493_008.005_0005
A. Baptista, Beata Shymon, Beatriz Silva, C. Lopes, Marta Pereira, Sofia Brandão, Y. Manrique
The main goal of this project consisted of the conceptualization and development of a product related to the olive tree chemical features to monetize the wastes of the olive fruit exploitation. The most abundant by-product of the olive fruit harvest is the olive leaves, used as the raw material in this project. By following the steps of Chemical Product Design, it was decided to pursue the idea of creating antibacterial cotton bed sheets impregnated with olive leaves extract, mainly composed of oleuropein. The production process includes a pre-treatment of the olive leaves, oleuropein extraction, and supercritical impregnation. The estimated amount of leaves required is 39 g/m2 of cotton, considering a cotton fabric with 115 GSM.
{"title":"Antibacterial Finishing of Cotton Bed Sheets using Olive Leaves Extract","authors":"A. Baptista, Beata Shymon, Beatriz Silva, C. Lopes, Marta Pereira, Sofia Brandão, Y. Manrique","doi":"10.24840/2183-6493_008.005_0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2183-6493_008.005_0005","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of this project consisted of the conceptualization and development of a product related to the olive tree chemical features to monetize the wastes of the olive fruit exploitation. The most abundant by-product of the olive fruit harvest is the olive leaves, used as the raw material in this project. By following the steps of Chemical Product Design, it was decided to pursue the idea of creating antibacterial cotton bed sheets impregnated with olive leaves extract, mainly composed of oleuropein. The production process includes a pre-treatment of the olive leaves, oleuropein extraction, and supercritical impregnation. The estimated amount of leaves required is 39 g/m2 of cotton, considering a cotton fabric with 115 GSM.","PeriodicalId":36339,"journal":{"name":"U.Porto Journal of Engineering","volume":"2012 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86396787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-27DOI: 10.24840/2183-6493_008.005_0013
David Aguillar, Juliana Magalhães, Marta Sousa, Marta Rêgo, Vasco Ribeiro, A. F. Freitas
This work consists of developing a strawberry plant-based product, an anti-glycemic gelatin. The selected product is a vegan origin gelatin containing sinapic acid, extracted from the strawberry leaves. A Chemical Product Design (CPD) approach was used to satisfy the customers' needs with a new product. The main purpose of this gelatin is to value the strawberry leaves' wide variety of health properties, mainly its anti-glycemic property. After the definition of the production process, it was concluded that using the total amount of about 133 tons of dry strawberry leaves available per year in Portugal, it was possible to produce up to 26 million gelatin packets yearly. Finally, an economic analysis was performed to evaluate the product viability, resulting in profits from product sales from the third year forward. The net present value (NPV) and the internal rate of return (IRR) were also calculated, resulting in about 15 million euros and 30 %, respectively.
{"title":"Jellyapic","authors":"David Aguillar, Juliana Magalhães, Marta Sousa, Marta Rêgo, Vasco Ribeiro, A. F. Freitas","doi":"10.24840/2183-6493_008.005_0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24840/2183-6493_008.005_0013","url":null,"abstract":"This work consists of developing a strawberry plant-based product, an anti-glycemic gelatin. The selected product is a vegan origin gelatin containing sinapic acid, extracted from the strawberry leaves. A Chemical Product Design (CPD) approach was used to satisfy the customers' needs with a new product. The main purpose of this gelatin is to value the strawberry leaves' wide variety of health properties, mainly its anti-glycemic property. After the definition of the production process, it was concluded that using the total amount of about 133 tons of dry strawberry leaves available per year in Portugal, it was possible to produce up to 26 million gelatin packets yearly. Finally, an economic analysis was performed to evaluate the product viability, resulting in profits from product sales from the third year forward. The net present value (NPV) and the internal rate of return (IRR) were also calculated, resulting in about 15 million euros and 30 %, respectively.","PeriodicalId":36339,"journal":{"name":"U.Porto Journal of Engineering","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72830190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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