Annals of Pde最新文献

We introduce the notions of static regular of type (I) and type (II) and show that they are sufficient conditions for local well-posedness of solving asymptotically flat, static vacuum metrics with prescribed Bartnik boundary data. We then show that hypersurfaces in a very general open and dense family of hypersurfaces are static regular of type (II). As applications, we confirm Bartnik’s static vacuum extension conjecture for a large class of Bartnik boundary data, including those that can be far from Euclidean and have large ADM masses, and give many new examples of static vacuum metrics with intriguing geometry.

We study a free transmission problem driven by degenerate fully nonlinear operators. Our first result concerns the existence of a viscosity solution to the associated Dirichlet problem. By framing the equation in the context of viscosity inequalities, we prove regularity results for the constructed viscosity solution to the problem. Our findings include regularity in ( C^{1,alpha }) spaces, and an explicit characterization of (alpha ) in terms of the degeneracy rates. We argue by perturbation methods, relating our problem to a homogeneous, fully nonlinear uniformly elliptic equation.

Given a measure (rho ) on a domain (Omega subset {mathbb {R}}^m), we study spacelike graphs over (Omega ) in Minkowski space with Lorentzian mean curvature (rho ) and Dirichlet boundary condition on (partial Omega ), which solve

The graph function also represents the electric potential generated by a charge (rho ) in electrostatic Born-Infeld’s theory. Even though there exists a unique minimizer (u_rho ) of the associated action

among functions (psi ) satisfying (|Dpsi | le 1), by the lack of smoothness of the Lagrangian density for (|Dpsi | = 1) one cannot guarantee that (u_rho ) satisfies the Euler-Lagrange equation ((mathcal{B}mathcal{I})). A chief difficulty comes from the possible presence of light segments in the graph of (u_rho ). In this paper, we investigate the existence of a solution for general (rho ). In particular, we give sufficient conditions to guarantee that (u_rho ) solves ((mathcal{B}mathcal{I})) and enjoys (log )-improved energy and (W^{2,2}_textrm{loc}) estimate. Furthermore, we construct examples which suggest a sharp threshold for the regularity of (rho ) to ensure the solvability of ((mathcal{B}mathcal{I})).

We prove global in time well-posedness for perturbations of the 2D stochastic Navier–Stokes equations

driven by additive space-time white noise ( xi ), with perturbation ( zeta ) in the Hölder–Besov space (mathcal {C}^{-2 + 3kappa } ), periodic boundary conditions and initial condition ( u_{0} in mathcal {C}^{-1 + kappa } ) for any ( kappa >0 ). The proof relies on an energy estimate which in turn builds on a dynamic high-low frequency decomposition and tools from paracontrolled calculus. Our argument uses that the solution to the linear equation is a ( log )–correlated field, yielding a double exponential growth bound on the solution. Notably, our method does not rely on any explicit knowledge of the invariant measure to the SPDE, hence the perturbation ( zeta ) is not restricted to the Cameron–Martin space of the noise, and the initial condition may be anticipative. Finally, we introduce a notion of weak solution that leads to well-posedness for all initial data ( u_{0}) in ( L^{2} ), the critical space of initial conditions.

We prove asymptotic stability of the Poisson homogeneous equilibrium among solutions of the Vlasov–Poisson system in the Euclidean space (mathbb {R}^3). More precisely, we show that small, smooth, and localized perturbations of the Poisson equilibrium lead to global solutions of the Vlasov–Poisson system, which scatter to linear solutions at a polynomial rate as (trightarrow infty ). The Euclidean problem we consider here differs significantly from the classical work on Landau damping in the periodic setting, in several ways. Most importantly, the linearized problem cannot satisfy a “Penrose condition”. As a result, our system contains resonances (small divisors) and the electric field is a superposition of an electrostatic component and a larger oscillatory component, both with polynomially decaying rates.

In this paper, we address for the 2D Euler equations the existence of rigid time periodic solutions close to stationary radial vortices of type (f_0(|x|)textbf{1}_{{{,mathrm{mathbb {D}},}}}(x)), with ({{,mathrm{mathbb {D}},}}) the unit disc and (f_0) being a strictly monotonic profile with constant sign. We distinguish two scenarios according to the sign of the profile: defocusing and focusing. In the first regime, we have scarcity of the bifurcating curves associated with lower symmetry. However in the focusing case we get a countable family of bifurcating solutions associated with large symmetry. The approach developed in this work is new and flexible, and the explicit expression of the radial profile is no longer required as in [41] with the quadratic shape. The alternative for that is a refined study of the associated spectral problem based on Sturm-Liouville differential equation with a variable potential that changes the sign depending on the shape of the profile and the location of the time period. Deep hidden structure on positive definiteness of some intermediate integral operators are also discovered and used in a crucial way. Notice that a special study will be performed for the linear problem associated with the first mode founded on Prüfer transformation and Kneser’s Theorem on the non-oscillation phenomenon.

We prove a local existence theorem for the free boundary problem for a relativistic fluid in a fixed spacetime. Our proof involves an a priori estimate which only requires control of derivatives tangential to the boundary, which holds also in the Newtonian compressible case.

We study the linear stability problem to gravitational and electromagnetic perturbations of the extremal, ( |Q|=M, ) Reissner–Nordström spacetime, as a solution to the Einstein–Maxwell equations. Our work uses and extends the framework [28, 32] of Giorgi, and contrary to the subextremal case we prove that instability results hold for a set of gauge invariant quantities along the event horizon ( {mathcal {H}}^+ ). In particular, for associated quantities shown to satisfy generalized Regge–Wheeler equations we prove decay, non-decay, and polynomial blow-up estimates asymptotically along ( {mathcal {H}}^+ ), the exact behavior depending on the number of translation invariant derivatives that we take. As a consequence, we show that for generic initial data, solutions to the generalized Teukolsky system of positive and negative spin satisfy both stability and instability results. It is worth mentioning that the negative spin solutions are significantly more unstable, with the extreme curvature component ( {underline{alpha }} ) not decaying asymptotically along the event horizon ( {mathcal {H}}^+, ) a result previously unknown in the literature.

The Obukhov–Corrsin theory of scalar turbulence [21, 54] advances quantitative predictions on passive-scalar advection in a turbulent regime and can be regarded as the analogue for passive scalars of Kolmogorov’s K41 theory of fully developed turbulence [47]. The scaling analysis of Obukhov and Corrsin from 1949 to 1951 identifies a critical regularity threshold for the advection-diffusion equation and predicts anomalous dissipation in the limit of vanishing diffusivity in the supercritical regime. In this paper we provide a fully rigorous mathematical validation of this prediction by constructing a velocity field and an initial datum such that the unique bounded solution of the advection-diffusion equation is bounded uniformly-in-diffusivity within any fixed supercritical Obukhov-Corrsin regularity regime while also exhibiting anomalous dissipation. Our approach relies on a fine quantitative analysis of the interaction between the spatial scale of the solution and the scale of the Brownian motion which represents diffusion in a stochastic Lagrangian setting. This provides a direct Lagrangian approach to anomalous dissipation which is fundamental in order to get detailed insight on the behavior of the solution. Exploiting further this approach, we also show that for a velocity field in (C^alpha ) of space and time (for an arbitrary (0 le alpha < 1)) neither vanishing diffusivity nor regularization by convolution provide a selection criterion for bounded solutions of the advection equation. This is motivated by the fundamental open problem of the selection of solutions of the Euler equations as vanishing-viscosity limit of solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations and provides a complete negative answer in the case of passive advection.

We study a popular kinetic model introduced by Saintillan and Shelley for the dynamics of suspensions of active elongated particles where the particles are described by a distribution in space and orientation. The uniform distribution of particles is the stationary state of incoherence which is known to exhibit a phase transition. We perform an extensive study of the linearised evolution around the incoherent state. We show (i) in the non-diffusive regime corresponding to spectral (neutral) stability that the suspensions experience a mixing phenomenon similar to Landau damping and we provide optimal pointwise in time decay rates in weak topology. Further, we show (ii) in the case of small rotational diffusion (nu ) that the mixing estimates persist up to time scale (nu ^{-1/2}) until the exponential decay at enhanced dissipation rate (nu ^{1/2}) takes over. The interesting feature is that the usual velocity variable of kinetic models is replaced by an orientation variable on the sphere. The associated orientation mixing leads to limited algebraic decay for macroscopic quantities. For the proof, we start with a general pointwise decay result for Volterra equations that may be of independent interest. While, in the non-diffusive case, explicit formulas on the sphere allow to conclude the desired decay, much more work is required in the diffusive case: here we prove mixing estimates for the advection-diffusion equation on the sphere by combining an optimized hypocoercive approach with the vector field method. One main point in this context is to identify good commuting vector fields for the advection-diffusion operator on the sphere. Our results in this direction may be useful to other models in collective dynamics, where an orientation variable is involved.