Pub Date : 2016-02-29DOI: 10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421478
K. M. Salim, Md Jasim Uddin, Mohammad Rejwan Uddin, Saila Ishrat Annie, Zaima Tasneem
It is mandatory in Bangladesh to install solar panel on the rooftop of a newly build apartment or factory in order to get utility connection from the service provider. The most cost-effective and efficient way of producing energy using solar panel is to connect the panels to the utility grid through Grid Tie Inverter (GTI). GTI is one of the most important components of the grid tie solar system that basically converts dc power from the solar panel into ac power; synchronizing the phase, frequency and voltage of the utility grid. Presently almost all the GTI uses in Bangladesh are imported from other countries and it is very expensive. A low cost 1 kW grid tie inverter for solar PV module has been designed and implemented in the power electronic laboratory of the university. Physical demonstration was made by installing 1 kW Thin Film PV modules on the rooftop of the university building and setting up the inverter and others measuring equipments inside the lab. Based on the experimental data, the performance of the system is analyzed and presented in this paper.
{"title":"Testing and performance analysis of 1KW locally made grid-tie photovoltaic inverter using thin film solar panel","authors":"K. M. Salim, Md Jasim Uddin, Mohammad Rejwan Uddin, Saila Ishrat Annie, Zaima Tasneem","doi":"10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421478","url":null,"abstract":"It is mandatory in Bangladesh to install solar panel on the rooftop of a newly build apartment or factory in order to get utility connection from the service provider. The most cost-effective and efficient way of producing energy using solar panel is to connect the panels to the utility grid through Grid Tie Inverter (GTI). GTI is one of the most important components of the grid tie solar system that basically converts dc power from the solar panel into ac power; synchronizing the phase, frequency and voltage of the utility grid. Presently almost all the GTI uses in Bangladesh are imported from other countries and it is very expensive. A low cost 1 kW grid tie inverter for solar PV module has been designed and implemented in the power electronic laboratory of the university. Physical demonstration was made by installing 1 kW Thin Film PV modules on the rooftop of the university building and setting up the inverter and others measuring equipments inside the lab. Based on the experimental data, the performance of the system is analyzed and presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":365312,"journal":{"name":"2016 4th International Conference on the Development in the in Renewable Energy Technology (ICDRET)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123577796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-29DOI: 10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421487
M. Rahman, Md. Abdullah Hil Baky, A. S. Sadrul Islam, Md. Abdullah Al-Matin
In Bangladesh easy bikes are charged using electricity from the national grid. There are about 200,000 easy bikes over the country. It has been a debate to run these bikes using electricity from grid as Bangladesh is facing severe electricity crisis. Only about 55% of the population have access to electricity from the national grid. Easy bike charging by renewables offers good solution from economic and environmental point of view. Electricity production from solar energy is free from fossil fuel use and thus greenhouse gases (GHGs) are not emitted. This study aims at developing a spared-sheet-based techno-economic model to estimate the cost of charging of easy bikes using solar energy. The model also calculates the mitigation of GHG emissions. The cost of charging is found to be Tk. 14.08/km for a charging time of 6 hours. If the bikes are charged using grid electricity, the cost of charging is found to be Tk. 7.44/km at an electricity cost of Tk. 7.6/kWh. If the electricity cost passes Tk. 17/kWh, easy bike charging from solar energy is cost competitive compared to charging from conventional grid electricity. The results show that 1860.5 kg-CO2/year/easy bike can be mitigated if the bikes are charged using solar electricity instead of conventional grid electricity. A sensitivity analysis is conducted to see the impact of various parameters on the unit cost (Tk./km) of charging.
{"title":"A techno-economic assessment for charging easy bikes using solar energy in Bangladesh","authors":"M. Rahman, Md. Abdullah Hil Baky, A. S. Sadrul Islam, Md. Abdullah Al-Matin","doi":"10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421487","url":null,"abstract":"In Bangladesh easy bikes are charged using electricity from the national grid. There are about 200,000 easy bikes over the country. It has been a debate to run these bikes using electricity from grid as Bangladesh is facing severe electricity crisis. Only about 55% of the population have access to electricity from the national grid. Easy bike charging by renewables offers good solution from economic and environmental point of view. Electricity production from solar energy is free from fossil fuel use and thus greenhouse gases (GHGs) are not emitted. This study aims at developing a spared-sheet-based techno-economic model to estimate the cost of charging of easy bikes using solar energy. The model also calculates the mitigation of GHG emissions. The cost of charging is found to be Tk. 14.08/km for a charging time of 6 hours. If the bikes are charged using grid electricity, the cost of charging is found to be Tk. 7.44/km at an electricity cost of Tk. 7.6/kWh. If the electricity cost passes Tk. 17/kWh, easy bike charging from solar energy is cost competitive compared to charging from conventional grid electricity. The results show that 1860.5 kg-CO2/year/easy bike can be mitigated if the bikes are charged using solar electricity instead of conventional grid electricity. A sensitivity analysis is conducted to see the impact of various parameters on the unit cost (Tk./km) of charging.","PeriodicalId":365312,"journal":{"name":"2016 4th International Conference on the Development in the in Renewable Energy Technology (ICDRET)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114959816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-29DOI: 10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421485
M. F. Hossain, M. Hossain
Solar cells are promising devices for clean electric energy and have attracted intensive research. Modeling and simulation of photovoltaic solar cells allows the prediction of cell behavior under different physical and environmental parameters. Mathematical model of photovoltaic system is made depending on Shockley diode equation. The aim of this paper is to describe the comparative study between the MATLAB-SIMULINK based modeling of solar panel and conventional Si-based solar panel. Finally nice agreements have been obtained between the simulation and experimental results.
{"title":"Comparative study of Matlab-simulated and conventional Si-based solar panel","authors":"M. F. Hossain, M. Hossain","doi":"10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421485","url":null,"abstract":"Solar cells are promising devices for clean electric energy and have attracted intensive research. Modeling and simulation of photovoltaic solar cells allows the prediction of cell behavior under different physical and environmental parameters. Mathematical model of photovoltaic system is made depending on Shockley diode equation. The aim of this paper is to describe the comparative study between the MATLAB-SIMULINK based modeling of solar panel and conventional Si-based solar panel. Finally nice agreements have been obtained between the simulation and experimental results.","PeriodicalId":365312,"journal":{"name":"2016 4th International Conference on the Development in the in Renewable Energy Technology (ICDRET)","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121483610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-29DOI: 10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421524
Md. Rabiul Islam, H. Waldl
Aggregation of PV power plants can mitigate electricity demand as well as reduce consumption of fossil fuels. Due to high penetration of roof-top PV power into the Australian electricity market, utility planners and grid operators have to deal with short time variability of output power which can be a potential limiting factor in deploying PV systems. In this Paper, PV variability between different large cities will be analysed due to large there size and various climatic zones within Australia. In order to examine the smoothing effect of geographically distributed roof-top plants, output electricity data of five (05) minutes resolution for 200 sites are analysed. A significant smoothing effect are observed compare to a single site but it depends on the number of aggregated roof-top PV plants and relative correlation between them. Overall PV variability and the amount of smoothing are not the same in all cities within Australia.
{"title":"Ramp rate analysis of roof-top PV on distribution grids for large cities in Australia","authors":"Md. Rabiul Islam, H. Waldl","doi":"10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421524","url":null,"abstract":"Aggregation of PV power plants can mitigate electricity demand as well as reduce consumption of fossil fuels. Due to high penetration of roof-top PV power into the Australian electricity market, utility planners and grid operators have to deal with short time variability of output power which can be a potential limiting factor in deploying PV systems. In this Paper, PV variability between different large cities will be analysed due to large there size and various climatic zones within Australia. In order to examine the smoothing effect of geographically distributed roof-top plants, output electricity data of five (05) minutes resolution for 200 sites are analysed. A significant smoothing effect are observed compare to a single site but it depends on the number of aggregated roof-top PV plants and relative correlation between them. Overall PV variability and the amount of smoothing are not the same in all cities within Australia.","PeriodicalId":365312,"journal":{"name":"2016 4th International Conference on the Development in the in Renewable Energy Technology (ICDRET)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126913580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-29DOI: 10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421496
S. Shezan, A. Salahuddin, M. Farzana, A. Hossain
Power generation capacity of Bangladesh needs to be enhanced to support the rising electricity demand. Bangladesh has predominantly used fossil fuel generators for the past decades. Saint Martin's Island and Kuakata are two significant areas that lie at or near the coast of Bangladesh with an average annual solar radiation of 4.81 and 4.65 kWh/m2/d respectively. The monthly average wind speeds at a height of 25 meters are 4.79 and 4.54 m/s, respectively. Considering this data and the benefits of the Optimized hybrid systems, HOMER (Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable) is used to optimize a system for each of these areas. The costs of energy found from the proposed optimized PV-wind-diesel hybrid Energy system for Saint Martin's island and Kuakata are 30.768 and 30.759 Tk/kWh, respectively, the net present cost (NPC) also has been evaluated as 13219616 Tk. which are quite reasonable with respect to the present situation in Bangladesh. The major objective of this proposed optimized design is to supply the maximum load demand using renewable sources with the minimum cost of energy (COE) and reduce the burning of fuel and also reduce the emission of CO2. The proposed energy system is able to meet 67.3% and 62.3% load demand using renewable sources, which helps to reduce the GHG (Green Houses Gas) emission by 67% and 64% for Saint Martin's island and Kuakata, respectively when compared to a diesel system. Total load served throughout the year is 33,611kWh, which is 16% higher than the previously designed system with approximately equivalent COE.
{"title":"Techno-economic analysis of a hybrid PV-wind-diesel energy system for sustainable development at coastal areas in Bangladesh","authors":"S. Shezan, A. Salahuddin, M. Farzana, A. Hossain","doi":"10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421496","url":null,"abstract":"Power generation capacity of Bangladesh needs to be enhanced to support the rising electricity demand. Bangladesh has predominantly used fossil fuel generators for the past decades. Saint Martin's Island and Kuakata are two significant areas that lie at or near the coast of Bangladesh with an average annual solar radiation of 4.81 and 4.65 kWh/m2/d respectively. The monthly average wind speeds at a height of 25 meters are 4.79 and 4.54 m/s, respectively. Considering this data and the benefits of the Optimized hybrid systems, HOMER (Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable) is used to optimize a system for each of these areas. The costs of energy found from the proposed optimized PV-wind-diesel hybrid Energy system for Saint Martin's island and Kuakata are 30.768 and 30.759 Tk/kWh, respectively, the net present cost (NPC) also has been evaluated as 13219616 Tk. which are quite reasonable with respect to the present situation in Bangladesh. The major objective of this proposed optimized design is to supply the maximum load demand using renewable sources with the minimum cost of energy (COE) and reduce the burning of fuel and also reduce the emission of CO2. The proposed energy system is able to meet 67.3% and 62.3% load demand using renewable sources, which helps to reduce the GHG (Green Houses Gas) emission by 67% and 64% for Saint Martin's island and Kuakata, respectively when compared to a diesel system. Total load served throughout the year is 33,611kWh, which is 16% higher than the previously designed system with approximately equivalent COE.","PeriodicalId":365312,"journal":{"name":"2016 4th International Conference on the Development in the in Renewable Energy Technology (ICDRET)","volume":"29 21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123299909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-29DOI: 10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421490
W. Commerell, R. Muller, V. Shanmuganandam, S. Bhattacharjee
Manufacturers involved in development and production of control electronics for renewable off-grid energy systems generally offer various types and charge controllers, in the range comprising 2 A to 300A with a system voltage of 12/24/32/36/48VDC (Phocos) and also other products like off-grid inverters, solar refrigerator/freezer, Solar TV, micro turbine, etc. All these products are used in off grid system. For off grid inverter requires a charge controller that controls the charging of the batteries and an inverter that converts the DC power from the solar panels and the batteries into AC power. These systems normally provide a small amount of power due to the cost of larger systems. Plans are to introduce solar micro-inverter which converts direct current generated by single module to renewable power. The output from several micro-inverters is combined and fed to electrical grid. The main advantage of micro-inverters is small amounts of shading, debris or snow lines on solar module do not disproportionately reduce the output of the entire array. Each micro inverter of harvests optimum power by performing MPPT system for its connected module. The design of the system is simple, safe and simplified management.
{"title":"Meshed PV systems","authors":"W. Commerell, R. Muller, V. Shanmuganandam, S. Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421490","url":null,"abstract":"Manufacturers involved in development and production of control electronics for renewable off-grid energy systems generally offer various types and charge controllers, in the range comprising 2 A to 300A with a system voltage of 12/24/32/36/48VDC (Phocos) and also other products like off-grid inverters, solar refrigerator/freezer, Solar TV, micro turbine, etc. All these products are used in off grid system. For off grid inverter requires a charge controller that controls the charging of the batteries and an inverter that converts the DC power from the solar panels and the batteries into AC power. These systems normally provide a small amount of power due to the cost of larger systems. Plans are to introduce solar micro-inverter which converts direct current generated by single module to renewable power. The output from several micro-inverters is combined and fed to electrical grid. The main advantage of micro-inverters is small amounts of shading, debris or snow lines on solar module do not disproportionately reduce the output of the entire array. Each micro inverter of harvests optimum power by performing MPPT system for its connected module. The design of the system is simple, safe and simplified management.","PeriodicalId":365312,"journal":{"name":"2016 4th International Conference on the Development in the in Renewable Energy Technology (ICDRET)","volume":"93 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113997461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-29DOI: 10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421477
M. T. Iqbal, M. Tariq, Md Shafquat Ullah Khan
This paper analyses the digital simulation of a buck converter to emulate the photovoltaic (PV) system with focus on fuzzy logic control of buck converter. A PV emulator is a DC-DC converter (buck converter in the present case) having same electrical characteristics as that of a PV panel. The emulator helps in the real analysis of PV system in an environment where using actual PV systems can produce inconsistent results due to variation in weather conditions. The paper describes the application of fuzzy algorithms to the control of dynamic processes. The complete system is modelled in MATLAB® Simulink SimPowerSystem software package. The results obtained from the simulation studies are presented and the steady state and dynamic stability of the PV emulator system is discussed.
{"title":"Fuzzy logic control of buck converter for photo voltaic emulator","authors":"M. T. Iqbal, M. Tariq, Md Shafquat Ullah Khan","doi":"10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421477","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the digital simulation of a buck converter to emulate the photovoltaic (PV) system with focus on fuzzy logic control of buck converter. A PV emulator is a DC-DC converter (buck converter in the present case) having same electrical characteristics as that of a PV panel. The emulator helps in the real analysis of PV system in an environment where using actual PV systems can produce inconsistent results due to variation in weather conditions. The paper describes the application of fuzzy algorithms to the control of dynamic processes. The complete system is modelled in MATLAB® Simulink SimPowerSystem software package. The results obtained from the simulation studies are presented and the steady state and dynamic stability of the PV emulator system is discussed.","PeriodicalId":365312,"journal":{"name":"2016 4th International Conference on the Development in the in Renewable Energy Technology (ICDRET)","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115070891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-29DOI: 10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421475
A. Al Mahmud, Imran Bin Jafar, Asif Zaman, Mosaddequr Rahman
In this paper performance of lead-acid battery in a solar car, proposed earlier for Dhaka city dwellers, has been studied under different traffic and weather conditions while the car travels in a long route of Dhaka city. A model of the electric drive system of the proposed car, developed in Matlab Simulink, is used to investigate the battery response. It has been observed that the energy required by the car when it travels 30% of the road at the top speed of 60 km/hour is about 65% of the energy required when it travels 90% of the road at that speed, which further decreases with the increase of number of stoppages. Because of this feature, the proposed solar car appears to be an appropriate means of transport in Dhaka, the city with quotidian traffic congestion. In addition of being emission free, it also ensures less energy consumption during heavy traffic congestion compared to a fuel driven car which burns more fuel and releases more toxic gases under the same road conditions.
{"title":"Performance study of lead-acid battery in a solar car under different traffic and weather conditions","authors":"A. Al Mahmud, Imran Bin Jafar, Asif Zaman, Mosaddequr Rahman","doi":"10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421475","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper performance of lead-acid battery in a solar car, proposed earlier for Dhaka city dwellers, has been studied under different traffic and weather conditions while the car travels in a long route of Dhaka city. A model of the electric drive system of the proposed car, developed in Matlab Simulink, is used to investigate the battery response. It has been observed that the energy required by the car when it travels 30% of the road at the top speed of 60 km/hour is about 65% of the energy required when it travels 90% of the road at that speed, which further decreases with the increase of number of stoppages. Because of this feature, the proposed solar car appears to be an appropriate means of transport in Dhaka, the city with quotidian traffic congestion. In addition of being emission free, it also ensures less energy consumption during heavy traffic congestion compared to a fuel driven car which burns more fuel and releases more toxic gases under the same road conditions.","PeriodicalId":365312,"journal":{"name":"2016 4th International Conference on the Development in the in Renewable Energy Technology (ICDRET)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121795205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-29DOI: 10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421520
Muhammad Sifatul Alam Chowdhury, Al Mahmudur Rahman
To meet the increased demand of flexible and technologically advanced lighting system, superior technologies are introduced in the automobile industry. Though initially candle was used for the lighting however lighting technology is now staying at a supreme level of advancement. In 1908 though electric bulb was started to use in the motor vehicle but specifically from 1920 electric bulb were started to use in the passenger car. Technologies like advanced front lighting system or active intelligent lighting system playing the key role to achieve this supreme advancement of automotive lighting technology. Tremendous improvement are achieved both on luminous efficiency and power consumption of the lighting system. Technologies like light emitting diode (LED), Halogen, Xenon made the vehicle lighting system more flexible and secure. Lighting system of vehicle plays the role of lighting, signalling and safety issue. Light emitting diode (LED) and Xenon bulbs are comparatively expensive than halogen bulbs however the efficiency of halogen is comparatively lower than that of LED/Xenon bulbs. To represent the identity of vehicle lighting system play the key role which is directly related to the vehicle safety. That is vehicle lighting system not only used only for illumination but also for vehicle safety. In this paper the technologies used in the vehicle lighting system are deeply reviewed and compared. Besides this comparative discussion of this technologies from economical perspective are done.
{"title":"Electric efficiency of the lighting technology of auto industry: Recent development and future prospect","authors":"Muhammad Sifatul Alam Chowdhury, Al Mahmudur Rahman","doi":"10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421520","url":null,"abstract":"To meet the increased demand of flexible and technologically advanced lighting system, superior technologies are introduced in the automobile industry. Though initially candle was used for the lighting however lighting technology is now staying at a supreme level of advancement. In 1908 though electric bulb was started to use in the motor vehicle but specifically from 1920 electric bulb were started to use in the passenger car. Technologies like advanced front lighting system or active intelligent lighting system playing the key role to achieve this supreme advancement of automotive lighting technology. Tremendous improvement are achieved both on luminous efficiency and power consumption of the lighting system. Technologies like light emitting diode (LED), Halogen, Xenon made the vehicle lighting system more flexible and secure. Lighting system of vehicle plays the role of lighting, signalling and safety issue. Light emitting diode (LED) and Xenon bulbs are comparatively expensive than halogen bulbs however the efficiency of halogen is comparatively lower than that of LED/Xenon bulbs. To represent the identity of vehicle lighting system play the key role which is directly related to the vehicle safety. That is vehicle lighting system not only used only for illumination but also for vehicle safety. In this paper the technologies used in the vehicle lighting system are deeply reviewed and compared. Besides this comparative discussion of this technologies from economical perspective are done.","PeriodicalId":365312,"journal":{"name":"2016 4th International Conference on the Development in the in Renewable Energy Technology (ICDRET)","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122671113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-29DOI: 10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421499
M. H. Haque
More and more small-scale wind generators are being connected to distribution systems. Higher degree of penetration of wind generators can significantly change many operating characteristics of the system including voltage profile and hence voltage stability. This paper proposes a straightforward method of static voltage stability assessment of a radial distribution system with fixed-speed wind generators. Time varying system demand and measured wind data over a period of one year are considered. The effectiveness of the proposed method is then evaluated on a 12.66-kV radial distribution system consisting of 32 buses and the results obtained are systematically described.
{"title":"Impacts of fixed speed wind generators on static voltage stability of distribution systems","authors":"M. H. Haque","doi":"10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDRET.2016.7421499","url":null,"abstract":"More and more small-scale wind generators are being connected to distribution systems. Higher degree of penetration of wind generators can significantly change many operating characteristics of the system including voltage profile and hence voltage stability. This paper proposes a straightforward method of static voltage stability assessment of a radial distribution system with fixed-speed wind generators. Time varying system demand and measured wind data over a period of one year are considered. The effectiveness of the proposed method is then evaluated on a 12.66-kV radial distribution system consisting of 32 buses and the results obtained are systematically described.","PeriodicalId":365312,"journal":{"name":"2016 4th International Conference on the Development in the in Renewable Energy Technology (ICDRET)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115733849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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