Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.15292/acta.hydro.2021.10
Sabina Kolbl Repinc
Anaerobic digestion is a process by which energy from organically degradable waste can be recovered in the form of biogas. The uncontrolled disposal of such organic waste is very burdensome to the environment. In Slovenia, large quantities of waste edible oils are produced every year, which could be used for biogas production. In this study, we investigated the methane potential of waste edible oil in a batch reactor. Further in the pilot scale in a semi-continuous experiment we evaluated the use of waste edible oil in anaerobic digesters of wastewater treatment plant. The results show that the quantity of oil per day that is fed into the anaerobic reactor is limited due to the process's instability and lower biogas production. The optimal daily organic loading of waste edible oil was between 1.6 and 2.4 g VS/L inoculum. During these conditions, the process of anaerobic digestion was stable and methane production was highest. At higher organic loading, the process became unstable, pH was reduced, volatile fatty acids increased, COD at the outflow of reactor increased, and biogas production was significantly reduced.
厌氧消化是一个过程，通过有机可降解废物的能量可以以沼气的形式回收。不加控制地处理这些有机废物对环境是非常沉重的负担。在斯洛文尼亚，每年都会产生大量的废弃食用油，这些食用油可以用来生产沼气。在间歇式反应器中对废食用油的甲烷潜力进行了研究。在半连续的中试试验中，我们进一步评价了废食用油在污水处理厂厌氧消化池中的应用。结果表明，由于厌氧反应器的不稳定性和较低的沼气产量，每天投入厌氧反应器的油量受到限制。废食用油的最佳日有机负荷为接种量1.6 ~ 2.4 g VS/L。在此条件下，厌氧消化过程稳定，甲烷产量最高。在较高的有机负荷下，工艺变得不稳定，pH降低，挥发性脂肪酸增加，反应器出口COD增加，沼气产量明显降低。
{"title":"Possibility of using waste edible oil for biogas production","authors":"Sabina Kolbl Repinc","doi":"10.15292/acta.hydro.2021.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15292/acta.hydro.2021.10","url":null,"abstract":"Anaerobic digestion is a process by which energy from organically degradable waste can be recovered in the form of biogas. The uncontrolled disposal of such organic waste is very burdensome to the environment. In Slovenia, large quantities of waste edible oils are produced every year, which could be used for biogas production. In this study, we investigated the methane potential of waste edible oil in a batch reactor. Further in the pilot scale in a semi-continuous experiment we evaluated the use of waste edible oil in anaerobic digesters of wastewater treatment plant. The results show that the quantity of oil per day that is fed into the anaerobic reactor is limited due to the process's instability and lower biogas production. The optimal daily organic loading of waste edible oil was between 1.6 and 2.4 g VS/L inoculum. During these conditions, the process of anaerobic digestion was stable and methane production was highest. At higher organic loading, the process became unstable, pH was reduced, volatile fatty acids increased, COD at the outflow of reactor increased, and biogas production was significantly reduced.","PeriodicalId":36671,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrotechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42209074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.15292/acta.hydro.2021.08
Davor Kvočka
Sediment transport can have a negative impact on riparian environments, as it can lead to the deterioration of ecological diversity and increase flood risks. Sediment transport modelling is thus a key tool in river basin management and the development of river training structures. In this study, we examined the appropriateness of 1D modelling for total sediment transport loads using the Engelund–Hansen and Ackers–White transport equations for the Lower Danube River. The study evaluated the effect of sediment grading on the accuracy of 1D model results, the appropriateness of 1D sediment transport modelling within technical or engineering projects, and the appropriateness of the Engelund–Hansen and Ackers–White equations for estimating sediment yield in the area of the Lower Danube River. The model results have been compared to field measurements, with the accuracy of the modelling results being evaluated with statistical tests. The obtained results show: (i) the sediment grading does not have a significant impact on the 1D modelling results, (ii) 1D sediment transport modelling gives sufficiently accurate results for practical engineering use (e.g. the estimation of dredging activities), and (iii) the Engelund–Hansen equation is generally better for sediment transport modelling in the Lower Danube River.
{"title":"One-dimensional sediment transport modelling with Engelund–Hansen and Ackers–White transport equations for the Lower Danube River","authors":"Davor Kvočka","doi":"10.15292/acta.hydro.2021.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15292/acta.hydro.2021.08","url":null,"abstract":"Sediment transport can have a negative impact on riparian environments, as it can lead to the deterioration of ecological diversity and increase flood risks. Sediment transport modelling is thus a key tool in river basin management and the development of river training structures. In this study, we examined the appropriateness of 1D modelling for total sediment transport loads using the Engelund–Hansen and Ackers–White transport equations for the Lower Danube River. The study evaluated the effect of sediment grading on the accuracy of 1D model results, the appropriateness of 1D sediment transport modelling within technical or engineering projects, and the appropriateness of the Engelund–Hansen and Ackers–White equations for estimating sediment yield in the area of the Lower Danube River. The model results have been compared to field measurements, with the accuracy of the modelling results being evaluated with statistical tests. The obtained results show: (i) the sediment grading does not have a significant impact on the 1D modelling results, (ii) 1D sediment transport modelling gives sufficiently accurate results for practical engineering use (e.g. the estimation of dredging activities), and (iii) the Engelund–Hansen equation is generally better for sediment transport modelling in the Lower Danube River.","PeriodicalId":36671,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrotechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44949422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.15292/acta.hydro.2021.07
Libor Ansorge, L. Stejskalová, Dagmar Vološinová
Sustainable development of water resources requires new tools and research in these fields of study. A systematic overview of water footprint research in countries of former Yugoslavia is presented through bibliometric analysis and publication review. The Scopus database was used as the data source. Among the countries of former Yugoslavia, only researchers from Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Hercegovina published papers focused on water footprint research before March 2021. Research on water footprint in these countries was found to be insufficient in scope and intensity. The contribution of authors from the countries of former Yugoslavia is small compared to research in other countries all over the world but is not insignificant. Almost 2/3 of articles have already been cited by other authors. Two main centers of water footprint research are at the University of Maribor in Slovenia and at the University of Novi Sad in Serbia, respectively. The research is focused on the so-called volumetric water footprint, while the LCA water footprint stands outside the interest of the scientific community in countries of former Yugoslavia.
{"title":"Bibliometric analysis of water footprint research in countries of former Yugoslavia","authors":"Libor Ansorge, L. Stejskalová, Dagmar Vološinová","doi":"10.15292/acta.hydro.2021.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15292/acta.hydro.2021.07","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable development of water resources requires new tools and research in these fields of study. A systematic overview of water footprint research in countries of former Yugoslavia is presented through bibliometric analysis and publication review. The Scopus database was used as the data source. Among the countries of former Yugoslavia, only researchers from Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Hercegovina published papers focused on water footprint research before March 2021. Research on water footprint in these countries was found to be insufficient in scope and intensity. The contribution of authors from the countries of former Yugoslavia is small compared to research in other countries all over the world but is not insignificant. Almost 2/3 of articles have already been cited by other authors. Two main centers of water footprint research are at the University of Maribor in Slovenia and at the University of Novi Sad in Serbia, respectively. The research is focused on the so-called volumetric water footprint, while the LCA water footprint stands outside the interest of the scientific community in countries of former Yugoslavia.","PeriodicalId":36671,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrotechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49244134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.15292/ACTA.HYDRO.2021.05
Yaser Ghafoori, M. Maček, A. Vidmar, J. Říha, A. Kryzanowski
Heat transfer within the soil is a complex process in the presence of seepage flow. In such conditions, the soil’s thermal behavior is influenced by the thermal and hydraulic properties of the medium as well as the initial conditions and boundary conditions to which the medium is subjected. This paper presents the experimental and numerical studies of heat transfer within the sand subjected to the seepage flow. It focuses on the influence of saturated hydraulic conductivity and the porosity of medium on the heat transfer process. The temperature distribution within the sand was monitored by the optical fiber Distributed Temperature Sensor (DTS). The experiment was performed on three types of silica-dominated sands with different saturated hydraulic conductivities and different Soil Water Characteristic Curve (SWCC). In addition to the experimental study, a coupled hydrothermal numerical model was designed in FEFLOW software and validated by comparing its results with the experimental measurements. To determine the influence of porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity on heat transfer, we analyzed the numerical models for different values of porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity. The numerical and experimental studies showed that the thermal velocity is higher in sand with higher saturated hydraulic conductivity and temperature declination occurs more quickly due to the heat convection process. Saturated sand with larger porosity has an overall higher heat capacity, wherefore the temperature declination started later in the measuring points but dropped down lower close to the temperature of the upstream water.
{"title":"Heat transfer by seepage in sand: Influence of saturated hydraulic conductivity and porosity","authors":"Yaser Ghafoori, M. Maček, A. Vidmar, J. Říha, A. Kryzanowski","doi":"10.15292/ACTA.HYDRO.2021.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15292/ACTA.HYDRO.2021.05","url":null,"abstract":"Heat transfer within the soil is a complex process in the presence of seepage flow. In such conditions, the soil’s thermal behavior is influenced by the thermal and hydraulic properties of the medium as well as the initial conditions and boundary conditions to which the medium is subjected. This paper presents the experimental and numerical studies of heat transfer within the sand subjected to the seepage flow. It focuses on the influence of saturated hydraulic conductivity and the porosity of medium on the heat transfer process. The temperature distribution within the sand was monitored by the optical fiber Distributed Temperature Sensor (DTS). The experiment was performed on three types of silica-dominated sands with different saturated hydraulic conductivities and different Soil Water Characteristic Curve (SWCC). In addition to the experimental study, a coupled hydrothermal numerical model was designed in FEFLOW software and validated by comparing its results with the experimental measurements. To determine the influence of porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity on heat transfer, we analyzed the numerical models for different values of porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity. The numerical and experimental studies showed that the thermal velocity is higher in sand with higher saturated hydraulic conductivity and temperature declination occurs more quickly due to the heat convection process. Saturated sand with larger porosity has an overall higher heat capacity, wherefore the temperature declination started later in the measuring points but dropped down lower close to the temperature of the upstream water.","PeriodicalId":36671,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrotechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47276730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.15292/acta.hydro.2020.02
Tamara Kuzmanić, M. Mikoš
An overview of the production and usage of quartz sand as a special sort of sand for civil engineering is presented – from the formation of sand deposits, through mining and processing methods, to its final use, with an emphasis on its use in civil engineering, i.e. in water filtration. Quartz is found in sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rocks. During sand formation in the fluvial environment, quartz grains are highly resistant to weathering and mechanical wear, and can be transported a long way without changes to size and form. Therefore, quartz is the main constituent of most natural sands. Quartz and quartz sand are ubiquitous raw materials used in a wide range of products in civil engineering due to their chemical inertia and high temperature resistance. An example of a quartz sand deposit and processing plant in Slovenia is presented as a practical case study on quartz sand application. The described applications using quartz sand are the best available technologies in sanitary and hydraulic engineering to be used for a move towards a circular economy, smart houses, and smart cities.
{"title":"Quartz Sand Use in Hydraulic and Sanitary Engineering","authors":"Tamara Kuzmanić, M. Mikoš","doi":"10.15292/acta.hydro.2020.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15292/acta.hydro.2020.02","url":null,"abstract":"An overview of the production and usage of quartz sand as a special sort of sand for civil engineering is presented – from the formation of sand deposits, through mining and processing methods, to its final use, with an emphasis on its use in civil engineering, i.e. in water filtration. Quartz is found in sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rocks. During sand formation in the fluvial environment, quartz grains are highly resistant to weathering and mechanical wear, and can be transported a long way without changes to size and form. Therefore, quartz is the main constituent of most natural sands. Quartz and quartz sand are ubiquitous raw materials used in a wide range of products in civil engineering due to their chemical inertia and high temperature resistance. An example of a quartz sand deposit and processing plant in Slovenia is presented as a practical case study on quartz sand application. The described applications using quartz sand are the best available technologies in sanitary and hydraulic engineering to be used for a move towards a circular economy, smart houses, and smart cities.","PeriodicalId":36671,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrotechnica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42070650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.15292/acta.hydro.2019.02
Jerneja Čehovin, Duašn Žagar
We compare the Iribarren, Hudson, and Van der Meer methods for designing rock armour revetments and breakwaters using fictive but plausible wave parameters. The obtained results show relatively high discrepancy. The Hudson method requires elements of almost twice the weight of those calculated using the Irribaren method, and the difference in maximum wave resistance is between 20 and 30%. Compared to the Hudosn method, the duration of storms causing 5, 20 and 30% damage to rock armour designed using the Iribarren method is two-fold lower for the trunk and almost an order of magnitude lower for the head of the rock armour. We suggest that the designers choose a method upon thoughtful consideration of the structure's purpose and importance, and of potential damage due to the structure's either partial or complete collapse.
我们比较了Iribarren, Hudson和Van der Meer设计岩石装甲护岸和防波堤的方法，使用有效但合理的波浪参数。所得结果有较大的偏差。哈德逊方法需要的元素重量几乎是使用伊里巴伦方法计算的元素重量的两倍，最大波浪阻力的差异在20%到30%之间。与Hudosn方法相比，使用Iribarren方法设计的对岩石装甲造成5%，20%和30%伤害的风暴持续时间在岩石装甲的躯干上降低了两倍，在岩石装甲的头部上几乎降低了一个数量级。我们建议设计人员在选择一种方法时，应充分考虑结构的用途和重要性，以及结构部分或完全倒塌可能造成的损害。
{"title":"Determining rock armour stability under the stress of wave loading","authors":"Jerneja Čehovin, Duašn Žagar","doi":"10.15292/acta.hydro.2019.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15292/acta.hydro.2019.02","url":null,"abstract":"We compare the Iribarren, Hudson, and Van der Meer methods for designing rock armour revetments and breakwaters using fictive but plausible wave parameters. The obtained results show relatively high discrepancy. The Hudson method requires elements of almost twice the weight of those calculated using the Irribaren method, and the difference in maximum wave resistance is between 20 and 30%. Compared to the Hudosn method, the duration of storms causing 5, 20 and 30% damage to rock armour designed using the Iribarren method is two-fold lower for the trunk and almost an order of magnitude lower for the head of the rock armour. We suggest that the designers choose a method upon thoughtful consideration of the structure's purpose and importance, and of potential damage due to the structure's either partial or complete collapse.","PeriodicalId":36671,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrotechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46165031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.15292/acta.hydro.2019.05
Maja Matič, N. Bezak, Mikoš Matjaž
In order to determine the granularity of the material, image analysis may be used instead of traditional methods such as sieving. Data on granulometry is important in the water management sector for several practical applications, such as calculation of sediment transport capacity in watercourses, design of hydraulic structures, or modeling of debris flows. The WipFrag and Basegrain programs were tested on the case study of the Belca rockfall and the Sava Dolinka River’s gravel bar near the village of Mojstrana. In both cases, multiple images were taken from different heights and sieve analysis was performed. The results of both programs were compared with the results of the sieving analysis. The results showed that WipFrag yielded more comparable results with the sieving analysis than Basegrain. WipFrag gave slightly better results in the case of the Belca rockfall than in the case of the river gravel bar. The Basegrain program, on the other hand, produced similarly comparable results in both case studies. In most cases, both programs underestimated the grain size compared to the results of the sieving analysis. In some cases, the relative differences were close to 100%. On the other hand, the selected statistical test did not show a statistically significant difference between the results of the sieving analysis and the results of the image analysis in both of the programs. Optimal image analysis results were obtained from images taken from the height of about 1.5-2 m, which means that we suggest that photos of aggregates, fluvial sediments, and erosion material should be taken from a height of approximately ten times the maximum grain size.
{"title":"Optical granulometry of coarse aggregates and sediments","authors":"Maja Matič, N. Bezak, Mikoš Matjaž","doi":"10.15292/acta.hydro.2019.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15292/acta.hydro.2019.05","url":null,"abstract":"In order to determine the granularity of the material, image analysis may be used instead of traditional methods such as sieving. Data on granulometry is important in the water management sector for several practical applications, such as calculation of sediment transport capacity in watercourses, design of hydraulic structures, or modeling of debris flows. The WipFrag and Basegrain programs were tested on the case study of the Belca rockfall and the Sava Dolinka River’s gravel bar near the village of Mojstrana. In both cases, multiple images were taken from different heights and sieve analysis was performed. The results of both programs were compared with the results of the sieving analysis. The results showed that WipFrag yielded more comparable results with the sieving analysis than Basegrain. WipFrag gave slightly better results in the case of the Belca rockfall than in the case of the river gravel bar. The Basegrain program, on the other hand, produced similarly comparable results in both case studies. In most cases, both programs underestimated the grain size compared to the results of the sieving analysis. In some cases, the relative differences were close to 100%. On the other hand, the selected statistical test did not show a statistically significant difference between the results of the sieving analysis and the results of the image analysis in both of the programs. Optimal image analysis results were obtained from images taken from the height of about 1.5-2 m, which means that we suggest that photos of aggregates, fluvial sediments, and erosion material should be taken from a height of approximately ten times the maximum grain size.","PeriodicalId":36671,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrotechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45396081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.15292/acta.hydro.2019.04
Yaser Ghafoori, A. Kryzanowski, D. Zupan
The paper presents the design and static analysis of a high arch dam. A feasibility study was conducted on the dam in the 90s and a preliminary layout was designed. However, the dam’s construction phase has been never started. In this paper, the design and layout of the dam under consideration are in accordance with the US manuals for the design of arch dams. The structure’s three-dimensional model was entered into the program SAP2000 and three-dimensional solid finite elements were used to discretize the model. This paper considers the hydrostatic pressure of the water reservoir and concrete self-weight. The analysis was performed for both the maximum and the minimum designed water level and for the case when the reservoir is empty. Special attention is given to the boundary conditions of the dam at its abutments and foundation. The results show that the planned layout is good for the dam’s construction. The arch dam’s curve transfers the loads to the abutments. The significant role of the foundation rigidity and the reservoir water level in the stress distribution and nodal displacements within the arch dam is observed.
{"title":"Static analysis of a high arch dam","authors":"Yaser Ghafoori, A. Kryzanowski, D. Zupan","doi":"10.15292/acta.hydro.2019.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15292/acta.hydro.2019.04","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the design and static analysis of a high arch dam. A feasibility study was conducted on the dam in the 90s and a preliminary layout was designed. However, the dam’s construction phase has been never started. In this paper, the design and layout of the dam under consideration are in accordance with the US manuals for the design of arch dams. The structure’s three-dimensional model was entered into the program SAP2000 and three-dimensional solid finite elements were used to discretize the model. This paper considers the hydrostatic pressure of the water reservoir and concrete self-weight. The analysis was performed for both the maximum and the minimum designed water level and for the case when the reservoir is empty. Special attention is given to the boundary conditions of the dam at its abutments and foundation. The results show that the planned layout is good for the dam’s construction. The arch dam’s curve transfers the loads to the abutments. The significant role of the foundation rigidity and the reservoir water level in the stress distribution and nodal displacements within the arch dam is observed.","PeriodicalId":36671,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrotechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46317173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.15292/ACTA.HYDRO.2019.01
Klaudija Sapač, S. Rusjan, M. Šraj
In this paper we analyse the influence of three different calculation criteria on the values of low-flow recession constants, namely the influence of the calculation method, recession curve segment length (4, 5, 6, or 7 days) and of the selected period (whole period, monthly, seasonally) for the calculation of the initial discharge, which determines the threshold on the falling limb of the hydrograph for the recession analysis. The analysis is based on daily discharge data of 11 gauging stations in the hydrogeologically non-homogenous Ljubljanica River catchment. For each of the stations, we calculated 24 values of recession constants using a different combination of criteria. Based on these values we determined the influence of each criterion on the final result using statistical tests and graphical approaches. Analysis showed that the recession constants calculated using various methods are statistically significantly different for all gauging stations. The recession constants obtained using the individual recession segment method (IRS) are on average 3.1 days higher than those calculated using the master recession curve method (MRC). The influence of the other two criteria, namely the length of the segment and the period for calculating the initial discharge, is not so obvious, since it is most likely conditioned by catchments’ characteristics influencing the time dynamics of the runoff.
{"title":"Influence of calculation criteria on the values of low-flow recession constants in a non-homogenous catchment in Slovenia","authors":"Klaudija Sapač, S. Rusjan, M. Šraj","doi":"10.15292/ACTA.HYDRO.2019.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15292/ACTA.HYDRO.2019.01","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we analyse the influence of three different calculation criteria on the values of low-flow recession constants, namely the influence of the calculation method, recession curve segment length (4, 5, 6, or 7 days) and of the selected period (whole period, monthly, seasonally) for the calculation of the initial discharge, which determines the threshold on the falling limb of the hydrograph for the recession analysis. The analysis is based on daily discharge data of 11 gauging stations in the hydrogeologically non-homogenous Ljubljanica River catchment. For each of the stations, we calculated 24 values of recession constants using a different combination of criteria. Based on these values we determined the influence of each criterion on the final result using statistical tests and graphical approaches. Analysis showed that the recession constants calculated using various methods are statistically significantly different for all gauging stations. The recession constants obtained using the individual recession segment method (IRS) are on average 3.1 days higher than those calculated using the master recession curve method (MRC). The influence of the other two criteria, namely the length of the segment and the period for calculating the initial discharge, is not so obvious, since it is most likely conditioned by catchments’ characteristics influencing the time dynamics of the runoff.","PeriodicalId":36671,"journal":{"name":"Acta Hydrotechnica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41841996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.15292/acta.hydro.2019.03
M. Hočevar, L. Novak, Gašper Rak
In this paper we discuss energy storage requirements for EUSALP region in Europe. EUSALP is an Alpine region that includes the entirety Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, and Lichtenstein, as well as parts of France, Germany, and Italy. A model is presented that facilitates the estimation of the required technical amounts of energy storage and installed power of pumped storage hydropower plants. The aim of the model is to estimate the requirements of energy storage to assist in setting guidelines for stable and reliable future electric energy supply in the EUSALP region. The model is based on currently known patterns of energy consumption and generation and available information on the future increase of renewable electric generation capacity, energy consumption, and the introduction of electromobility within all EUSALP regions. The hourly balance of generation, demand, and storage within a selected future year is assumed. The results are presented such that a mix of scenarios is addressed. Among them are installed generation capacity, installed pumped hydro storage power, selection of photovoltaic and wind electric energy generation ratio, the charging of a selected percentage of electric cars, flexible run-of-river hydro electric energy generation, import/export, generation by nuclear and backup fossil fuel sources, and a selection of disturbances. Results show that energy storage capacities must be increased by a large margin regardless of the choice of demand site management strategies or flexible electric car charging. Around a requisite 10-fold increase in pumped storage hydropower capacity is estimated, while the estimated increase in required energy storage is even higher. Daily and seasonal variations are also discussed. Further, the amount of surplus electric energy generation is presented and discussed.
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