Pub Date : 2010-02-25DOI: 10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421929
A. Jacobo, D. Gomila, P. Colet, M. Matías
We show theoretically that dissipative solitons arising in the transverse plane of nonlinear optical cavities show oscillatory and excitable regimes that can be used to perform all-optical logical operations. This allows for the construction of reconfigurable optical gates that can operate in parallel.
{"title":"All Optical Logical Operations Using Excitable Cavity Solitons","authors":"A. Jacobo, D. Gomila, P. Colet, M. Matías","doi":"10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421929","url":null,"abstract":"We show theoretically that dissipative solitons arising in the transverse plane of nonlinear optical cavities show oscillatory and excitable regimes that can be used to perform all-optical logical operations. This allows for the construction of reconfigurable optical gates that can operate in parallel.","PeriodicalId":367324,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Photonics Society Winter Topicals Meeting Series (WTM)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114267045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-25DOI: 10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421963
BJ Vakoc, R. Lanning, J. Tyrrell, T. Padera, L. Bartlett, T. Stylianopoulos, L. Munn, G. Tearney, D. Fukumura, Rk Jain, B. Bouma
Summary In vivo imaging technologies drive the development of improved cancer therapies by revealing critical aspects of the complex pathophysiology of solid tumors in small animal models[1]. The abnormal vascular function, which predicts tumor malignant potential and presents broad barriers to effective treatment, has been studied at the subcellular size scale using multiphoton (MP) microscopy [2], and at significantly larger size scales using ultrasound, µCT and µMRI[3–5]. However, limited in vivo imaging approaches exist to study the vascular function at the network level, i.e., with sufficient resolution to discern smaller vessels while maintaining a field of view and penetration depth large enough to reveal interconnectivity and inhomogeneities across the tumor and surrounding tissue. One promising technology operating at this size scale is optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) using Doppler-methods to detect blood flow.
{"title":"In vivo imaging of microvasculature using optical coherence tomography","authors":"BJ Vakoc, R. Lanning, J. Tyrrell, T. Padera, L. Bartlett, T. Stylianopoulos, L. Munn, G. Tearney, D. Fukumura, Rk Jain, B. Bouma","doi":"10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421963","url":null,"abstract":"Summary In vivo imaging technologies drive the development of improved cancer therapies by revealing critical aspects of the complex pathophysiology of solid tumors in small animal models[1]. The abnormal vascular function, which predicts tumor malignant potential and presents broad barriers to effective treatment, has been studied at the subcellular size scale using multiphoton (MP) microscopy [2], and at significantly larger size scales using ultrasound, µCT and µMRI[3–5]. However, limited in vivo imaging approaches exist to study the vascular function at the network level, i.e., with sufficient resolution to discern smaller vessels while maintaining a field of view and penetration depth large enough to reveal interconnectivity and inhomogeneities across the tumor and surrounding tissue. One promising technology operating at this size scale is optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) using Doppler-methods to detect blood flow.","PeriodicalId":367324,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Photonics Society Winter Topicals Meeting Series (WTM)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114622506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-25DOI: 10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421935
J. Bowers, D. Dai, W. S. Zaoui, Yimin Kang, M. Morse
A resonant Ge/Si APD with the SACM (separate-absorption-charge-multiplication) structure is presented. Due to the resonance effect in the avalanche region, the Ge/Si APD shows an ultra-high gain-band products (GBP) (860GHz). This may make it possible to generate electrical data directly without a TIA (trans-impedance-amplifier). Consequently, the receiver based on the resonant Ge/Si APD may be cheaper, smaller and lower power than existing approaches.
{"title":"Resonant Si/Ge avalanche photodiode with an ultrahigh gain bandwidth product","authors":"J. Bowers, D. Dai, W. S. Zaoui, Yimin Kang, M. Morse","doi":"10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421935","url":null,"abstract":"A resonant Ge/Si APD with the SACM (separate-absorption-charge-multiplication) structure is presented. Due to the resonance effect in the avalanche region, the Ge/Si APD shows an ultra-high gain-band products (GBP) (860GHz). This may make it possible to generate electrical data directly without a TIA (trans-impedance-amplifier). Consequently, the receiver based on the resonant Ge/Si APD may be cheaper, smaller and lower power than existing approaches.","PeriodicalId":367324,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Photonics Society Winter Topicals Meeting Series (WTM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123868743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-25DOI: 10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421983
Ken-ichi Sato
Relying solely on IP convergence is not the best approach in creating future bandwidth-abundant video-centric networks. Extending optical path layer technologies will be critical in cost-effectively creating networks.
{"title":"Role and opportunities of photonics in future networks (Invited)","authors":"Ken-ichi Sato","doi":"10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421983","url":null,"abstract":"Relying solely on IP convergence is not the best approach in creating future bandwidth-abundant video-centric networks. Extending optical path layer technologies will be critical in cost-effectively creating networks.","PeriodicalId":367324,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Photonics Society Winter Topicals Meeting Series (WTM)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115951499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-25DOI: 10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421940
W. Piyawattanametha, M. Mandella, H. Ra, J. Liu, S. Friedland, Z. Qiu, G. Kino, T. D. Wang, C. Contag, O. Solgaard
Confocal microscopy is an indispensable tool for three-dimensional (3-D) imaging in both intravital and clinical settings. Because of its optical sectioning property achieved from its optical pinhole, it allows serial image stacking of each focus image plane to re-create volumetric imaging. Conventional single-axis confocal (SAC) microscopes have a tradeoff between resolution, field of view (FOV), and objective lens size, since a high numerical aperture (NA) lens is needed for sufficient resolution, and a long focal length is needed for a large FOV and working distance (WD). A dual-axes confocal (DAC) microscope architecture has been proposed utilizing two overlapping low NA beams, which effectively decouples these tradeoffs [1]. The DAC microscope offers several advantages over the SAC design. First, the higher NA required by the SAC design implies a smaller WD and smaller FOV. In contrast, the DAC design has a long WD, providing room for a postobjective MEMS scanner. Second, in the SAC design, the transverse resolution is substantially better than the axial resolution, while the DAC design provides balanced resolutions in all spatial dimensions. Third, the DAC design has superior optical sectioning because light scattered along the illumination path outside the focal volume couples to the output spatial filter with very low efficiency, enhancing both detection sensitivity and dynamic range. Previously, MEMS-scanner-based DAC microscopes have been demonstrated in a tabletop setup [2], and then in the first miniaturized proto-type system on a V-block with 1300- and 488-nm-wavelength, respectively [3, 4].
{"title":"From bench to bedside with advanced confocal microendoscope","authors":"W. Piyawattanametha, M. Mandella, H. Ra, J. Liu, S. Friedland, Z. Qiu, G. Kino, T. D. Wang, C. Contag, O. Solgaard","doi":"10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421940","url":null,"abstract":"Confocal microscopy is an indispensable tool for three-dimensional (3-D) imaging in both intravital and clinical settings. Because of its optical sectioning property achieved from its optical pinhole, it allows serial image stacking of each focus image plane to re-create volumetric imaging. Conventional single-axis confocal (SAC) microscopes have a tradeoff between resolution, field of view (FOV), and objective lens size, since a high numerical aperture (NA) lens is needed for sufficient resolution, and a long focal length is needed for a large FOV and working distance (WD). A dual-axes confocal (DAC) microscope architecture has been proposed utilizing two overlapping low NA beams, which effectively decouples these tradeoffs [1]. The DAC microscope offers several advantages over the SAC design. First, the higher NA required by the SAC design implies a smaller WD and smaller FOV. In contrast, the DAC design has a long WD, providing room for a postobjective MEMS scanner. Second, in the SAC design, the transverse resolution is substantially better than the axial resolution, while the DAC design provides balanced resolutions in all spatial dimensions. Third, the DAC design has superior optical sectioning because light scattered along the illumination path outside the focal volume couples to the output spatial filter with very low efficiency, enhancing both detection sensitivity and dynamic range. Previously, MEMS-scanner-based DAC microscopes have been demonstrated in a tabletop setup [2], and then in the first miniaturized proto-type system on a V-block with 1300- and 488-nm-wavelength, respectively [3, 4].","PeriodicalId":367324,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Photonics Society Winter Topicals Meeting Series (WTM)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125637512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-25DOI: 10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421996
D. Blomer, V. Montanaro, S. Berning, W. Elsaser
We present results on the generation of tunable continuous-wave THz radiation via photomixing on a PCA using a dual mode external cavity diode laser (2¿-ECDL). The tuning range reaches from 250 GHz up to several THz.
{"title":"Generation of tunable continuous-wave THz radiation using a two colour external cavity diode laser","authors":"D. Blomer, V. Montanaro, S. Berning, W. Elsaser","doi":"10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421996","url":null,"abstract":"We present results on the generation of tunable continuous-wave THz radiation via photomixing on a PCA using a dual mode external cavity diode laser (2¿-ECDL). The tuning range reaches from 250 GHz up to several THz.","PeriodicalId":367324,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Photonics Society Winter Topicals Meeting Series (WTM)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127617146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-01DOI: 10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421959
G. Barbastathis, Yuan Luo, S. Oh, R. Kostuk
Multiplex volume holographic pupils have been demonstrated in the capacity of imagers with optical slicing and real-time (scanning-free) three-dimensional imaging capability. We overview application to microscopy and describe methods to improve depth resolution and contrast.
{"title":"Real-time three-dimensional microscopy with volume holographic pupils","authors":"G. Barbastathis, Yuan Luo, S. Oh, R. Kostuk","doi":"10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421959","url":null,"abstract":"Multiplex volume holographic pupils have been demonstrated in the capacity of imagers with optical slicing and real-time (scanning-free) three-dimensional imaging capability. We overview application to microscopy and describe methods to improve depth resolution and contrast.","PeriodicalId":367324,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Photonics Society Winter Topicals Meeting Series (WTM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128400206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-01DOI: 10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421931
V. Stojanović, A. Joshi, C. Batten, Yong-jin Kwon, S. Beamer, Sun Chen, K. Asanović
This paper presents a monolithically integrated dense WDM photonic network for manycore processors, optimized for loss and power footprint of optical components, which can achieve up to 10x better energy-efficiency and throughput than electrical interconnects.
{"title":"CMOS photonic processor-memory networks","authors":"V. Stojanović, A. Joshi, C. Batten, Yong-jin Kwon, S. Beamer, Sun Chen, K. Asanović","doi":"10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421931","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a monolithically integrated dense WDM photonic network for manycore processors, optimized for loss and power footprint of optical components, which can achieve up to 10x better energy-efficiency and throughput than electrical interconnects.","PeriodicalId":367324,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Photonics Society Winter Topicals Meeting Series (WTM)","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123054520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421953
Xinyuan Dou, Xiaolong Wang, Haiyu Huang, Xiaohui Lin, Ray T. Chen
In this paper, we presented fabrication of nickel metal mold with 45º tilted surfaces on both waveguide ends through electroplating process. To obtain 45º angle, SU-8 was exposed under D.I. water, with repeatable 0.5º error.
{"title":"Fabrication of metallic hard mold for polymeric waveguides with embedded micro-mirrors","authors":"Xinyuan Dou, Xiaolong Wang, Haiyu Huang, Xiaohui Lin, Ray T. Chen","doi":"10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421953","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we presented fabrication of nickel metal mold with 45º tilted surfaces on both waveguide ends through electroplating process. To obtain 45º angle, SU-8 was exposed under D.I. water, with repeatable 0.5º error.","PeriodicalId":367324,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Photonics Society Winter Topicals Meeting Series (WTM)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116782902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421991
Q. Hu
Lasers that can be continuously tuned over a broad wavelength range are essential components for sensing and spectroscopy. The frequency of a conventional tunable laser is changed similarly to a musical instrument such as the violin, whose pitch is varied by changing the length (the longitudinal component of wave vector) and the tension (the refractive index) of a string. However, such a method is difficult to implement at terahertz (THz) frequencies, where many important bio-chemical species have distinctive spectral fingerprints, because of the relatively long wavelength λ compared to the cross section w of semiconductor lasers. Continuous frequency tuning using an external-cavity grating has yet to be achieved, and changing the refractive index by temperature produces only small fractional tuning (<1%). Here we demonstrate a novel tuning mechanism that qualitatively differs from all the other methods. This mechanism is based on the unique feature of an unusual device termed “wire laser”, which is defined as a laser whose dimension in the transverse direction w is much smaller than λ. As such, a large fraction of the mode propagates outside the solid core. Placing a movable object close to the wire laser allows direct manipulation of the evanescent laser field, and consequently the lasing frequency. Based on this mechanism, continuous frequency tuning has been unambiguously demonstrated with single-mode operation free from mode hopping. Both red-shift and blue-shift tuning can be achieved from the same device by using either a dielectric or metallic movable object. In combination, a total tuning of ~137 GHz (3.6%) has been demonstrated from a single laser device at ~3.8 THz. Furthermore, these results demonstrate a mechanism for tuning wire lasers at all wavelengths.
{"title":"Tuning a terahertz wire laser","authors":"Q. Hu","doi":"10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PHOTWTM.2010.5421991","url":null,"abstract":"Lasers that can be continuously tuned over a broad wavelength range are essential components for sensing and spectroscopy. The frequency of a conventional tunable laser is changed similarly to a musical instrument such as the violin, whose pitch is varied by changing the length (the longitudinal component of wave vector) and the tension (the refractive index) of a string. However, such a method is difficult to implement at terahertz (THz) frequencies, where many important bio-chemical species have distinctive spectral fingerprints, because of the relatively long wavelength λ compared to the cross section w of semiconductor lasers. Continuous frequency tuning using an external-cavity grating has yet to be achieved, and changing the refractive index by temperature produces only small fractional tuning (<1%). Here we demonstrate a novel tuning mechanism that qualitatively differs from all the other methods. This mechanism is based on the unique feature of an unusual device termed “wire laser”, which is defined as a laser whose dimension in the transverse direction w is much smaller than λ. As such, a large fraction of the mode propagates outside the solid core. Placing a movable object close to the wire laser allows direct manipulation of the evanescent laser field, and consequently the lasing frequency. Based on this mechanism, continuous frequency tuning has been unambiguously demonstrated with single-mode operation free from mode hopping. Both red-shift and blue-shift tuning can be achieved from the same device by using either a dielectric or metallic movable object. In combination, a total tuning of ~137 GHz (3.6%) has been demonstrated from a single laser device at ~3.8 THz. Furthermore, these results demonstrate a mechanism for tuning wire lasers at all wavelengths.","PeriodicalId":367324,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Photonics Society Winter Topicals Meeting Series (WTM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130702012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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