This article analyses the emotional rhetoric of the populist radical right parties in Slovakia - the Slovak National Party (SNS) and the People's Party Our Slovakia (ĽSNS) - in their 2016 and 2020 election manifestos. Emotional rhetoric, or pathos, consists of emotional appeals, and this article looks specifically at four discrete appeals to emotions: retrospective anger and enthusiasm; and prospective fear and hope, and connects these emotional appeals with topics according to their relevance. This research utilises qualitative content analysis drawing categories from the field of political psychology. Unexpectedly, it is found that positive emotional appeals are generally more common than negative ones in the election manifestos of the populist radical right. The second finding is that populist radical right parties with government experience apply a very different strategy in their emotional rhetoric. The more extreme ĽSNS, without government experience, relies more on the negative emotional appeal of anger, and SNS, with extensive government experience, relies on the positive emotional appeals of hope and enthusiasm. Furthermore, these cases confirm the hypothesis that a populist radical right party that uses more appeals to anger has greater success in general elections.
{"title":"Populist Radical Right Parties and the Rhetoric of Emotions. The Slovak Case Study","authors":"Anton Gazarek, Branislav Uhrecký","doi":"10.34135/sjps.230103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34135/sjps.230103","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses the emotional rhetoric of the populist radical right parties in Slovakia - the Slovak National Party (SNS) and the People's Party Our Slovakia (ĽSNS) - in their 2016 and 2020 election manifestos. Emotional rhetoric, or pathos, consists of emotional appeals, and this article looks specifically at four discrete appeals to emotions: retrospective anger and enthusiasm; and prospective fear and hope, and connects these emotional appeals with topics according to their relevance. This research utilises qualitative content analysis drawing categories from the field of political psychology. Unexpectedly, it is found that positive emotional appeals are generally more common than negative ones in the election manifestos of the populist radical right. The second finding is that populist radical right parties with government experience apply a very different strategy in their emotional rhetoric. The more extreme ĽSNS, without government experience, relies more on the negative emotional appeal of anger, and SNS, with extensive government experience, relies on the positive emotional appeals of hope and enthusiasm. Furthermore, these cases confirm the hypothesis that a populist radical right party that uses more appeals to anger has greater success in general elections.","PeriodicalId":36889,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Political Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139346839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lilleker, D.; Coman, I. A.; Gregor, M.; Novelli, E. eds. (2021). Political Communication and Covid-19. Governance and Rhetoric in Times of Crisis","authors":"Jaroslav Mihálik","doi":"10.34135/sjps.230104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34135/sjps.230104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36889,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Political Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139346966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The literature on corruption-related attitudes tends to focus on developing countries, test rational-choice theories, overlook religious influences, and neglect post-Communist but developed nations such as Slovakia. Academically, this article aims to test the validity of the “Hellfire and Deviance” and political-socialization theories of attitudes toward bribery by performing multivariate, Logistic regression analysis of the Slovak subsample of the 2022 World Values Survey. In particular, this study intends to find out whether: 1. an increase in belief in the afterlife drives opposition to bribery and 2. more frequent church attendance reduces support for bribery. This article finds that tolerance of bribery decreases with belief in the afterlife. Religious attendance also reduces pro-bribery views, but only among elderly Slovaks who grew up under Communism. Affiliation with the Roman Catholic Church or another Christian denomination seems to dampen enthusiasm for corruption indirectly by boosting church attendance and belief in the hereafter. Overall, these results strongly support the first theory and weakly confirm the second. The findings suggest that religion holds promise as a way to combat the scourge of political corruption in post-Communist, democratic Slovakia.
{"title":"Anti-Corruption Attitudes in Post-Communist Slovakia “Hellfire and Deviance” or Political Socialization?","authors":"Joel Joel","doi":"10.34135/sjps.230101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34135/sjps.230101","url":null,"abstract":"The literature on corruption-related attitudes tends to focus on developing countries, test rational-choice theories, overlook religious influences, and neglect post-Communist but developed nations such as Slovakia. Academically, this article aims to test the validity of the “Hellfire and Deviance” and political-socialization theories of attitudes toward bribery by performing multivariate, Logistic regression analysis of the Slovak subsample of the 2022 World Values Survey. In particular, this study intends to find out whether: 1. an increase in belief in the afterlife drives opposition to bribery and 2. more frequent church attendance reduces support for bribery. This article finds that tolerance of bribery decreases with belief in the afterlife. Religious attendance also reduces pro-bribery views, but only among elderly Slovaks who grew up under Communism. Affiliation with the Roman Catholic Church or another Christian denomination seems to dampen enthusiasm for corruption indirectly by boosting church attendance and belief in the hereafter. Overall, these results strongly support the first theory and weakly confirm the second. The findings suggest that religion holds promise as a way to combat the scourge of political corruption in post-Communist, democratic Slovakia.","PeriodicalId":36889,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Political Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139346019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The annexation of Crimea in 2014 and the violation of the territorial integrity of Ukraine by the Russian Federation provided new impetus for the EU and NATO to develop and later also intensify cooperation in hybrid threats. This unique process, that happens between two actors who have different histories, aims or membership structures, is analysed from the institutionalist perspective, which served as a framework to understand the development. The main aim of the article is to assess interinstitutional cooperation between the EU and NATO in the area of hybrid threats: especially in the area of capacity building, strategic communication, crisis management, counterterrorism or WMD use, and civil protection. The author concludes that both the EU and NATO successfully developed cooperation in hybrid threats and created mechanisms that enable similar perceptions of the threats and better coordination of the responses. The article serves merely as an exploratory study dedicated to the development of cooperation between the EU and NATO in this challenging area in the period between 2014 and 2022.
{"title":"The Cooperation Between EU and NATO in Response to Hybrid Threats. A Retrospective Analysis from the Institutionalist Perspective","authors":"Ondřej Filipec","doi":"10.34135/sjps.230102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34135/sjps.230102","url":null,"abstract":"The annexation of Crimea in 2014 and the violation of the territorial integrity of Ukraine by the Russian Federation provided new impetus for the EU and NATO to develop and later also intensify cooperation in hybrid threats. This unique process, that happens between two actors who have different histories, aims or membership structures, is analysed from the institutionalist perspective, which served as a framework to understand the development. The main aim of the article is to assess interinstitutional cooperation between the EU and NATO in the area of hybrid threats: especially in the area of capacity building, strategic communication, crisis management, counterterrorism or WMD use, and civil protection. The author concludes that both the EU and NATO successfully developed cooperation in hybrid threats and created mechanisms that enable similar perceptions of the threats and better coordination of the responses. The article serves merely as an exploratory study dedicated to the development of cooperation between the EU and NATO in this challenging area in the period between 2014 and 2022.","PeriodicalId":36889,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Political Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139344548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High level of population’s international mobility has become an important feature of the modern globalized world. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected the intensity, course and direction of global migration processes, but it did not stop them completely. But do the pandemic-related restrictions have any impact on potential mobility? This article provides the comparative analysis of labor and potential territorial population’s mobility before and during the pandemic. It is based on the results of the sociological panel survey of the unemployed population in Lviv (2013–2016, 2018–2021). Our findings show that the COVID-19 pandemic has not only reduced the share of those who had real plans to international migration but also has influenced potential territorial mobility generally. At the same time, changes in labor mobility were not statistically significant, because they were detected only in one parameter and related to the first year of the pandemic. Conducting such study in other regions or population groups would give an interesting comparative analysis. Monitoring potential mobility can be a good base for developing effective measures of migration policy.
{"title":"Population’s Mobility Under Pandemic Conditions. Evidence from Ukraine (Lviv Region)","authors":"O. Ryndzak, Oksana M. Vilchynska","doi":"10.34135/sjps.220201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34135/sjps.220201","url":null,"abstract":"High level of population’s international mobility has become an important feature of the modern globalized world. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected the intensity, course and direction of global migration processes, but it did not stop them completely. But do the pandemic-related restrictions have any impact on potential mobility? This article provides the comparative analysis of labor and potential territorial population’s mobility before and during the pandemic. It is based on the results of the sociological panel survey of the unemployed population in Lviv (2013–2016, 2018–2021). Our findings show that the COVID-19 pandemic has not only reduced the share of those who had real plans to international migration but also has influenced potential territorial mobility generally. At the same time, changes in labor mobility were not statistically significant, because they were detected only in one parameter and related to the first year of the pandemic. Conducting such study in other regions or population groups would give an interesting comparative analysis. Monitoring potential mobility can be a good base for developing effective measures of migration policy.","PeriodicalId":36889,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Political Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49499294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Book review: Zizek, S. (2020). Pandemic! COVID-19 Shakes the World.","authors":"Made Selly Dwi Suryanti","doi":"10.34135/sjps.220206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34135/sjps.220206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36889,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Political Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44866092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grzegorz Wilk-Jakubowski, Radoslaw Harabin, Tomasz Skoczek, J. Wilk-Jakubowski
The article explores the opinion of officers of Independent Counter-Terrorist Sub-Division of the Regional Police Headquarters in Cracow (ICTS RPH) on police counter-terrorism preparedness in Poland. In view of the many clandestine activities in the field of counter-terrorism, it was concluded that only the assessment of those involved in counter-terrorism can be reliable. It is assumed that only knowledge of the issue gives proper basis for reliable conclusions and recommendations. Therefore, the opinions of one of the sixteen ICTS RPH in Poland were chosen as the subject of the study. The research aim was to determine how officers evaluate the activities of the Police in the field of counter-terrorism in Poland, and what change(s) would they recommend? The study was conducted using the diagnostic survey method. The empirical research has a sample representing 96% of the surveyed population. The theoretical part locates ICTS RPH in the hierarchy of counter-terrorism authorities in Poland and explains it’s legal regulations. The structure of the ICTS RPH and selected aspects of its activities are also described in that section. Empirical studies have shown that officers bound the effectiveness of counterterrorism operations to the quality of training. They also made recommendations for changes to improve counter-terrorism operations.
{"title":"Preparation of the Police in the Field of Counter-terrorism in Opinions of the Independent Counter-terrorist Sub-division of the Regional Police Headquarters in Cracow","authors":"Grzegorz Wilk-Jakubowski, Radoslaw Harabin, Tomasz Skoczek, J. Wilk-Jakubowski","doi":"10.34135/sjps.220202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34135/sjps.220202","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores the opinion of officers of Independent Counter-Terrorist Sub-Division of the Regional Police Headquarters in Cracow (ICTS RPH) on police counter-terrorism preparedness in Poland. In view of the many clandestine activities in the field of counter-terrorism, it was concluded that only the assessment of those involved in counter-terrorism can be reliable. It is assumed that only knowledge of the issue gives proper basis for reliable conclusions and recommendations. Therefore, the opinions of one of the sixteen ICTS RPH in Poland were chosen as the subject of the study. The research aim was to determine how officers evaluate the activities of the Police in the field of counter-terrorism in Poland, and what change(s) would they recommend? The study was conducted using the diagnostic survey method. The empirical research has a sample representing 96% of the surveyed population. The theoretical part locates ICTS RPH in the hierarchy of counter-terrorism authorities in Poland and explains it’s legal regulations. The structure of the ICTS RPH and selected aspects of its activities are also described in that section. Empirical studies have shown that officers bound the effectiveness of counterterrorism operations to the quality of training. They also made recommendations for changes to improve counter-terrorism operations.","PeriodicalId":36889,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Political Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46508370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Technological advances and the use of websites have become mandatory tool for any political entity trying to succeed in the competition for votes. The main objective of the study is to identify the level of effectiveness of political communication on the websites of selected political parties in Slovakia. The evaluation is based on the application of the framework for functionality and effectiveness of communication of political parties and their candidates on websites. According the framework applied, the partial objectives represent the identification of information flows on website in five different ways: from the bottom up, from the top down, horizontal, asynchronous and synchronous. A structured review of the research on the issue provides a basic perspective for identifying similarities, differences, challenges, and positives, as well as the possibility to carry out a comprehensive confrontation with the study’s findings. The analysis focuses on the environment of the Slovak Republic, looking at the example of eight selected political parties from the period of the last elections – 2020. The data collection used techniques according to the nature of the examined indicators set according to the framework. To evaluate the data, we apply basic statistical analyses with a comparative form of presentation. The findings demonstrate a medium to higher degree of effectiveness of the communication of selected political parties on the websites. The quality and scope of the information provided on websites is also currently related to the length of time in the party system, regardless length of representation in the parliament. According to study results the deficits primarily appear when providing answers to questions outside of published information, using an interactive form of content or more active cooperation with partner websites. The observed state of the selected cases demonstrates the one-way nature of the provision of information from the subject to the recipient.
{"title":"The Potential of Using Websites for Communication of Political Parties: The Case of Slovakia Before the 2020 Elections","authors":"Ivana Butoracová Šindleryová, M. Garaj","doi":"10.34135/sjps.220203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34135/sjps.220203","url":null,"abstract":"Technological advances and the use of websites have become mandatory tool for any political entity trying to succeed in the competition for votes. The main objective of the study is to identify the level of effectiveness of political communication on the websites of selected political parties in Slovakia. The evaluation is based on the application of the framework for functionality and effectiveness of communication of political parties and their candidates on websites. According the framework applied, the partial objectives represent the identification of information flows on website in five different ways: from the bottom up, from the top down, horizontal, asynchronous and synchronous. A structured review of the research on the issue provides a basic perspective for identifying similarities, differences, challenges, and positives, as well as the possibility to carry out a comprehensive confrontation with the study’s findings. The analysis focuses on the environment of the Slovak Republic, looking at the example of eight selected political parties from the period of the last elections – 2020. The data collection used techniques according to the nature of the examined indicators set according to the framework. To evaluate the data, we apply basic statistical analyses with a comparative form of presentation. The findings demonstrate a medium to higher degree of effectiveness of the communication of selected political parties on the websites. The quality and scope of the information provided on websites is also currently related to the length of time in the party system, regardless length of representation in the parliament. According to study results the deficits primarily appear when providing answers to questions outside of published information, using an interactive form of content or more active cooperation with partner websites. The observed state of the selected cases demonstrates the one-way nature of the provision of information from the subject to the recipient.","PeriodicalId":36889,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Political Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43761633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The European Union operates within the framework of monetary and fiscal policy in accordance with uniform rules, but there is also a region where this rule is not applied. Direct tax policy as part of fiscal policy belongs exclusively to the competence of the individual national economies. Thus, the tax policy of direct taxes (specifically corporate tax) is the result of political decision-making processes at the national levels. The research focuses on 8 EU countries of two groups (old and new democracies). The aim of the article is to identify the potential impact of corporate taxes on the stock market, emphasizing the differences between the old and the new EU democracies. Therefore, the hypothesis verified here is that the tax policy, represented by the corporate tax rate, has a significant effect on the stock market. Thus, the article clearly focuses on the interconnection of political and economic decision-making processes and their impact on the business environment in chosen countries. The main finding is that, in old democracies, the impact of corporate tax rates on stock markets is generally higher than in new democracies.
{"title":"National Ecomonic Practicies: Influence of Tax Policies on the Economic Processes of the Old and the New EU Democracies","authors":"Jana Kušnírová, Juraj Válek, Juraj Dedinský","doi":"10.34135/sjps.220204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34135/sjps.220204","url":null,"abstract":"The European Union operates within the framework of monetary and fiscal policy in accordance with uniform rules, but there is also a region where this rule is not applied. Direct tax policy as part of fiscal policy belongs exclusively to the competence of the individual national economies. Thus, the tax policy of direct taxes (specifically corporate tax) is the result of political decision-making processes at the national levels. The research focuses on 8 EU countries of two groups (old and new democracies). The aim of the article is to identify the potential impact of corporate taxes on the stock market, emphasizing the differences between the old and the new EU democracies. Therefore, the hypothesis verified here is that the tax policy, represented by the corporate tax rate, has a significant effect on the stock market. Thus, the article clearly focuses on the interconnection of political and economic decision-making processes and their impact on the business environment in chosen countries. The main finding is that, in old democracies, the impact of corporate tax rates on stock markets is generally higher than in new democracies.","PeriodicalId":36889,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Political Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48524101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this paper is to update knowledge about voting patterns and electoral behaviour in Hungary and Slovakia based on data from the last elections in 2018 and 2020. Political studies of electoral behaviour across Central and Eastern Europe with new democracies established shortly after fall of authoritarian regimes have found several findings, unique for this area. One of them is a specific type of electoral volatility, typical for political systems which follow longer periods of authoritarian regime. This electoral volatility correlates with high party system instability with new parties emerging every electoral term and old political parties vanishing from political competition. While political scientists studied relationship between electoral volatility and increasing number of political parties, party switching presents considerable threat to stability of party system in CEE. Therefore, this paper studies socioeconomic, demographic, and value factors that determine a specific type of electoral behaviour. This study shows that certain voters’ characteristics increase the likelihood of voters’ behaviour and confirms their relevance in eradicating electoral volatility. The results of this article prove that while voters’ volatility is “natural” for Hungary and Slovakia, age, and education correlate with specific types of behaviour. Additionally, the main reason for abstaining from voting is minimal trust towards democratic principles.
{"title":"Changing Patterns in Electoral Behaviour: Electoral Volatility in Hungary and Slovakia","authors":"M. Ondruška","doi":"10.34135/sjps.220205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34135/sjps.220205","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to update knowledge about voting patterns and electoral behaviour in Hungary and Slovakia based on data from the last elections in 2018 and 2020. Political studies of electoral behaviour across Central and Eastern Europe with new democracies established shortly after fall of authoritarian regimes have found several findings, unique for this area. One of them is a specific type of electoral volatility, typical for political systems which follow longer periods of authoritarian regime. This electoral volatility correlates with high party system instability with new parties emerging every electoral term and old political parties vanishing from political competition. While political scientists studied relationship between electoral volatility and increasing number of political parties, party switching presents considerable threat to stability of party system in CEE. Therefore, this paper studies socioeconomic, demographic, and value factors that determine a specific type of electoral behaviour. This study shows that certain voters’ characteristics increase the likelihood of voters’ behaviour and confirms their relevance in eradicating electoral volatility. The results of this article prove that while voters’ volatility is “natural” for Hungary and Slovakia, age, and education correlate with specific types of behaviour. Additionally, the main reason for abstaining from voting is minimal trust towards democratic principles.","PeriodicalId":36889,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Political Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44553009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：