Ant bites usually cause mild local reactions without significant complications. Extensive bites may lead to subclinical myonecrosis or secondary bacterial infection. Here, we present a case of acute renal failure as a rare complication of extensive bites by carpenter ants. The patient improved on supportive management and hemodialysis.
{"title":"Ant bite causing acute oliguric renal failure – A case report","authors":"K. A. Aayilliath, P. Geetha","doi":"10.25259/gjhsr_4_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/gjhsr_4_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Ant bites usually cause mild local reactions without significant complications. Extensive bites may lead to subclinical myonecrosis or secondary bacterial infection. Here, we present a case of acute renal failure as a rare complication of extensive bites by carpenter ants. The patient improved on supportive management and hemodialysis.","PeriodicalId":369069,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121448542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. D. Ubiomo, O. Lasebikan, J. Asuquo, O. Akpet, B. Asuquo, Ehiosun Aigbomian
The Ponseti method is the mainstay of treatment of congenital talipes equinovarus deformity. This study aims to assess the relationship between the severity of the clubfoot deformity and the time it takes to correct the deformity using Dimeglio scoring system (DSS) with Ponseti protocol. A prospective observational study carried out for 15 months at the outpatient department of the National Orthopedic Hospital Enugu. Data collected included age at presentation, sex, laterality, grade of deformity, number of casts, and time to correction before the commencement of bracing. Those selected were clinically assessed using the DSS. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. The association between time, the number of casts to correction, age of presentation, and severity to the time of correction of deformity was also determined. A total of 70 patients (116 feet) were recruited for the study. The mean age at presentation was 21 weeks with a male-to-female ratio of 3:2. The mean DSS at presentation was 10.72. The mean number of casts required to achieve correction was 5, with the last cast left in place for 3 weeks, which gave a mean correction time of 7 weeks. Severe deformity required more cast for correction. There is a weak relationship between age and time to correction. Increase in the severity of the clubfeet was associated with longer correction time and a weak correlation with age at presentation. Dimeglio scoring is an effective, grading, and monitoring system.
{"title":"Relationship of the severity of talipes equinovarus and age of presentation to time of correction: A focus on Dimeglio scoring","authors":"E. D. Ubiomo, O. Lasebikan, J. Asuquo, O. Akpet, B. Asuquo, Ehiosun Aigbomian","doi":"10.25259/gjhsr_6_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/gjhsr_6_2023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The Ponseti method is the mainstay of treatment of congenital talipes equinovarus deformity. This study aims to assess the relationship between the severity of the clubfoot deformity and the time it takes to correct the deformity using Dimeglio scoring system (DSS) with Ponseti protocol.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A prospective observational study carried out for 15 months at the outpatient department of the National Orthopedic Hospital Enugu. Data collected included age at presentation, sex, laterality, grade of deformity, number of casts, and time to correction before the commencement of bracing. Those selected were clinically assessed using the DSS. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. The association between time, the number of casts to correction, age of presentation, and severity to the time of correction of deformity was also determined.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A total of 70 patients (116 feet) were recruited for the study. The mean age at presentation was 21 weeks with a male-to-female ratio of 3:2. The mean DSS at presentation was 10.72. The mean number of casts required to achieve correction was 5, with the last cast left in place for 3 weeks, which gave a mean correction time of 7 weeks. Severe deformity required more cast for correction. There is a weak relationship between age and time to correction.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Increase in the severity of the clubfeet was associated with longer correction time and a weak correlation with age at presentation. Dimeglio scoring is an effective, grading, and monitoring system.\u0000","PeriodicalId":369069,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"175 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115283959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition of raised intracranial pressure (ICP) in the absence of a space-occupying lesion. IIH patients usually present with typical symptoms and signs of increased ICP, such as headache, vomiting, neck pain, double vision, transient visual obscuration (TVO), and papilledema. Typical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings include empty sella turcica, optic nerve tortuosity, globe flattening, and transverse sinus stenosis. All patients from July 2021 to June 2022 presented to the super-specialty neuroclinic with symptoms suggestive of IIH were included in this study after consent. Clinical patterns and MRI brain findings along with other risk factors and comorbidities were studied. Total 12 patients were studied out of which all were female. The most common age group was 31–40 years (41.6%). The most common clinical presentations were headache and TVOs followed by painless loss of vision, visual field changes and double vision. In this study, 7 out of 12 cases presented with headache (58.3%) out of which only 3 were migrainous. TVOs were presenting complaints of 7 patients (58.3%). Painless visual loss was there in 3 patients (25%), out of which only one case was bilateral (33%). In all cases (100%), MRI was suggestive of IIH. Transverse sinus stenosis in 3 cases (25%) and scleral flattening in 1 case (14.2%) were seen, respectively. Clinical suspicion followed by MRI brain is of utmost importance. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential in IIH patients to prevent permanent visual loss.
{"title":"Clinicoradiological profile of idiopathic intracranial hypertension","authors":"P. Yadav","doi":"10.25259/gjhsr_1_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/gjhsr_1_2023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition of raised intracranial pressure (ICP) in the absence of a space-occupying lesion. IIH patients usually present with typical symptoms and signs of increased ICP, such as headache, vomiting, neck pain, double vision, transient visual obscuration (TVO), and papilledema. Typical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings include empty sella turcica, optic nerve tortuosity, globe flattening, and transverse sinus stenosis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000All patients from July 2021 to June 2022 presented to the super-specialty neuroclinic with symptoms suggestive of IIH were included in this study after consent. Clinical patterns and MRI brain findings along with other risk factors and comorbidities were studied.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Total 12 patients were studied out of which all were female. The most common age group was 31–40 years (41.6%). The most common clinical presentations were headache and TVOs followed by painless loss of vision, visual field changes and double vision. In this study, 7 out of 12 cases presented with headache (58.3%) out of which only 3 were migrainous. TVOs were presenting complaints of 7 patients (58.3%). Painless visual loss was there in 3 patients (25%), out of which only one case was bilateral (33%). In all cases (100%), MRI was suggestive of IIH. Transverse sinus stenosis in 3 cases (25%) and scleral flattening in 1 case (14.2%) were seen, respectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Clinical suspicion followed by MRI brain is of utmost importance. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential in IIH patients to prevent permanent visual loss.\u0000","PeriodicalId":369069,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121992417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shockwaves have been felt all over the world as a result of war, inflation, food shortages, and the Coronavirus disease of 2019 pandemic’s long tail. Financial markets have been extremely volatile since the start of the conflict, and commodity markets are in disarray. In the European Union, the United States, and many other nations, inflation has reached its highest level in decades, with global conflicts adding to the upward pressure on food and energy prices. However, the global economic slowdown, sharp decline in financial asset values, decline in imports and exports, contraction of industrial production, rise in inflation, decrease in wages, rise in unemployment, the collapse of social security, and numerous natural calamities tear down not only the economic sector but also the health sector, which has already been grossly mistreated by the pandemic.
{"title":"War and conflict escalation in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, natural disasters, food, and economic crises: A critical public health issue","authors":"Abdul Kader Mohiuddin","doi":"10.25259/gjhsr_22_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/gjhsr_22_2022","url":null,"abstract":"Shockwaves have been felt all over the world as a result of war, inflation, food shortages, and the Coronavirus disease of 2019 pandemic’s long tail. Financial markets have been extremely volatile since the start of the conflict, and commodity markets are in disarray. In the European Union, the United States, and many other nations, inflation has reached its highest level in decades, with global conflicts adding to the upward pressure on food and energy prices. However, the global economic slowdown, sharp decline in financial asset values, decline in imports and exports, contraction of industrial production, rise in inflation, decrease in wages, rise in unemployment, the collapse of social security, and numerous natural calamities tear down not only the economic sector but also the health sector, which has already been grossly mistreated by the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":369069,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133283823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pavithra Jayamurthy, R. Devi, P. Nallamuthu, Vinitha Angalan
Orbital apex disorders (OADs) are uncommon and they include – orbital apex syndrome (OAS), superior orbital fissure syndrome (SOFS), and cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS). They all share similar etiologies, diagnostic evaluation, and management strategies. These syndromes can occur isolated or combined – where SOFS progresses and develops into OAS or CSS. Combined presentation has been reported with infective etiologies, but no literature is available for neoplasms. OAD secondary to head and neck cancer is exceptionally rare. A 44-year-old male post left hemi-mandibulectomy with modified neck dissection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy for left retromolar trigone carcinoma presented with complaints of inability to open left eye (LE) and defective vision in the same eye. On examination of LE, visual acuity was 6/24 NIP with complete ptosis, extraocular movements were restricted in all gaze, corneal sensation was diminished, and pupil was 5 mm and not reacting to light. LE fundus examination showed blurring of disk margins. The primary diagnosis was made as OAS. Contrast enhanced-MRI neck showed features suggestive of recurrence with intracranial extend involving left cavernous sinus, orbital apex, and left orbit. Later considering the extend of spread in MRI and the clinical presentation, diagnosis was made to be OAD. The patient was given third cycle of chemotherapy – injection paclitaxel, injection cisplatin, and injection fluorouracil, along with injection dexamethasone. The patient was provided temporary eye crutch glasses and asked to review after 3 weeks for repeat assessment. Although individual syndromes of OAD are rare, they are closely related entity. Hence, it is important to know that SOFS can progress to OAS causing visual dysfunction or to CSS, leading to systemic ailments. Or else, they can present as combined syndromes also.
{"title":"Secondaries from retromolar trigone carcinoma leading to orbital apex disorders","authors":"Pavithra Jayamurthy, R. Devi, P. Nallamuthu, Vinitha Angalan","doi":"10.25259/gjhsr_11_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/gjhsr_11_2022","url":null,"abstract":"Orbital apex disorders (OADs) are uncommon and they include – orbital apex syndrome (OAS), superior orbital fissure syndrome (SOFS), and cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS). They all share similar etiologies, diagnostic evaluation, and management strategies. These syndromes can occur isolated or combined – where SOFS progresses and develops into OAS or CSS. Combined presentation has been reported with infective etiologies, but no literature is available for neoplasms. OAD secondary to head and neck cancer is exceptionally rare. A 44-year-old male post left hemi-mandibulectomy with modified neck dissection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy for left retromolar trigone carcinoma presented with complaints of inability to open left eye (LE) and defective vision in the same eye. On examination of LE, visual acuity was 6/24 NIP with complete ptosis, extraocular movements were restricted in all gaze, corneal sensation was diminished, and pupil was 5 mm and not reacting to light. LE fundus examination showed blurring of disk margins. The primary diagnosis was made as OAS. Contrast enhanced-MRI neck showed features suggestive of recurrence with intracranial extend involving left cavernous sinus, orbital apex, and left orbit. Later considering the extend of spread in MRI and the clinical presentation, diagnosis was made to be OAD. The patient was given third cycle of chemotherapy – injection paclitaxel, injection cisplatin, and injection fluorouracil, along with injection dexamethasone. The patient was provided temporary eye crutch glasses and asked to review after 3 weeks for repeat assessment. Although individual syndromes of OAD are rare, they are closely related entity. Hence, it is important to know that SOFS can progress to OAS causing visual dysfunction or to CSS, leading to systemic ailments. Or else, they can present as combined syndromes also.","PeriodicalId":369069,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129194327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Sugumaran, Udhayasankar Ranganathan, M. Thiyagarajan, Sunil Satanjali Shivekar, G. Rangasamy
Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is an intra-abdominal visceral abscess. Most often the etiological agent is a bacteria or parasite. Even though the incidence is low, it is important to establish the etiological agent for targeted therapy and in recent times, there is an increase in mortality rate. We report herewith a case of PLA due to Escherichia coli in a 60-year-old chronic alcoholic patient without any other evidence of infective foci who responded well to targeted antibiotic therapy and percutaneous drainage. This case report highlights the importance of microbiological work up in every case of PLA. Early diagnosis, percutaneous drainage, and targeted antibiotic therapy remain the mainstay of treatment.
{"title":"Pyogenic liver abscess due to Escherichia coli in a case of chronic alcoholism","authors":"R. Sugumaran, Udhayasankar Ranganathan, M. Thiyagarajan, Sunil Satanjali Shivekar, G. Rangasamy","doi":"10.25259/gjhsr_4_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/gjhsr_4_2022","url":null,"abstract":"Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is an intra-abdominal visceral abscess. Most often the etiological agent is a bacteria or parasite. Even though the incidence is low, it is important to establish the etiological agent for targeted therapy and in recent times, there is an increase in mortality rate. We report herewith a case of PLA due to Escherichia coli in a 60-year-old chronic alcoholic patient without any other evidence of infective foci who responded well to targeted antibiotic therapy and percutaneous drainage. This case report highlights the importance of microbiological work up in every case of PLA. Early diagnosis, percutaneous drainage, and targeted antibiotic therapy remain the mainstay of treatment.","PeriodicalId":369069,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122091097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ancy Jenilet Rajendran, Preethi Tamilarasan, A. Arunagirinathan
Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is one of the important life-threatening presentations in children with a case fatality rate of 12.6%. The most common etiology in India is viral encephalitis. However, one of the emerging yet treatable causes is scrub typhus, which is endemic in many parts of India including Tamil Nadu and Puducherry. It is a vector borne disease which has myriad presentations, one among those being AES. This is a case series of four such cases noted over the first 6 months of 2022. All the patients presented with symptoms of fever and alteration of sensorium without any seizures. Examination revealed generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and abnormal central nervous system findings. A thorough examination revealed the classical eschar in all the cases. Based on the examination findings, oral doxycycline was started in all the patients along with supportive treatment while awaiting results, which later revealed to be scrub ELISA positive. After 48 h, due to inadequate defervescence and improvement in sensorium, IV azithromycin was added in two patients and oral doxycycline was changed to injectable in other two patients. All of them recovered without any complications or sequelae. Early identification and initiation of appropriate antibiotics are essential for a positive outcome. In endemic areas, children with AES should be thoroughly examined for signs of scrub typhus including eschar. In our patients, parenteral doxycycline or azithromycin was found to be more effective than oral doxycycline in resolution of fever and neurological abnormalities. If AES is suspected to be due to scrub typhus, parenteral therapy may be preferred over oral.
{"title":"Acute encephalitis syndrome with the cause hidden in plain sight – A case series","authors":"Ancy Jenilet Rajendran, Preethi Tamilarasan, A. Arunagirinathan","doi":"10.25259/gjhsr_7_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/gjhsr_7_2022","url":null,"abstract":"Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is one of the important life-threatening presentations in children with a case fatality rate of 12.6%. The most common etiology in India is viral encephalitis. However, one of the emerging yet treatable causes is scrub typhus, which is endemic in many parts of India including Tamil Nadu and Puducherry. It is a vector borne disease which has myriad presentations, one among those being AES. This is a case series of four such cases noted over the first 6 months of 2022. All the patients presented with symptoms of fever and alteration of sensorium without any seizures. Examination revealed generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and abnormal central nervous system findings. A thorough examination revealed the classical eschar in all the cases. Based on the examination findings, oral doxycycline was started in all the patients along with supportive treatment while awaiting results, which later revealed to be scrub ELISA positive. After 48 h, due to inadequate defervescence and improvement in sensorium, IV azithromycin was added in two patients and oral doxycycline was changed to injectable in other two patients. All of them recovered without any complications or sequelae. Early identification and initiation of appropriate antibiotics are essential for a positive outcome. In endemic areas, children with AES should be thoroughly examined for signs of scrub typhus including eschar. In our patients, parenteral doxycycline or azithromycin was found to be more effective than oral doxycycline in resolution of fever and neurological abnormalities. If AES is suspected to be due to scrub typhus, parenteral therapy may be preferred over oral.","PeriodicalId":369069,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133046721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To study the specific issues on the diagnosis and treatment to be addressed in TB advocacy, communication and social mobilization activities. Early diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment is the mainstay in the prevention and control of tuberculosis (TB). We present findings from an operational research study on visibility of TB diagnosis and treatment among people in rural Puducherry. Study area and study setting: The present study was undertaken in the villages of Thirubhuvani Primary Health Center (PHC) in rural Pondicherry by the Department of Community Medicine, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College. Study design: An exploratory sequential mixed method design where qualitative methods (Focus Group Discussion [FGD]) followed by quantitative methods (Community-based cross-sectional survey) were used. Sample size and sampling: Qualitative: FGD was conducted to assess the perceptions and practices of rural people related to TB. We conducted eight FGD, four each with men and women. It was held with the purposively selected men and women (8−12 members) from different socioeconomic strata. Quantitative: Probability proportional to size method was used to select 30 clusters from the villages of Thirubhuvani PHC. In each cluster, 12 households were selected by random walk method and head of the family who is assumed to act as decision maker in that household was interviewed using pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire. However, we could study the required sample as calculated, the final sample studied was 348. Qualitative: As per the responses emerged from the FGD, four categories are symptoms and mode of transmission, treatment, problems faced, and others. The 12 codes emerged are symptoms, mode of spread, risk factors, availability, effect home remedies health system related, family and community, financial, advantages at government hospitals, media for awareness, and recommendation. Quantitative: Among the 348 people studied, 203 were male and 145 were female. The major source of information of TB received by the community was from family, friends, neighbors, and colleagues. We found that majority of them have correctly responded that weight loss (97.1%) and cough that lasts longer than 2 weeks (27.5%) as the symptoms of TB. However, they have also commented wrongly that rash as one the symptom (76.1%) of TB, the measures for preventing TB are by avoiding hand shaking (26.4) avoid sharing foods (74.7). Smokers and alcoholic are at-risk for TB infection. Most of the participants expressed that they will feel fear (95.1), sadness or hopelessness (94.8), embarrassment (96.8), shame (89.6), and surprise (65.2) if they have contacted TB. The participants also reported TB diagnosis and treatment are free of cost (95.1) and will approach health facility (96.8) if they had symptoms of TB. The 95% of them have informed that TB is curable and treatment is available at government hospital (97.7) and available free of cost (92.2). Hen
{"title":"Public visibility of tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment facilities in rural Puducherry, mixed method design","authors":"K. Ganapathy","doi":"10.25259/gjhsr_3_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/gjhsr_3_2022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000To study the specific issues on the diagnosis and treatment to be addressed in TB advocacy, communication and social mobilization activities. Early diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment is the mainstay in the prevention and control of tuberculosis (TB). We present findings from an operational research study on visibility of TB diagnosis and treatment among people in rural Puducherry.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Study area and study setting: The present study was undertaken in the villages of Thirubhuvani Primary Health Center (PHC) in rural Pondicherry by the Department of Community Medicine, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College. Study design: An exploratory sequential mixed method design where qualitative methods (Focus Group Discussion [FGD]) followed by quantitative methods (Community-based cross-sectional survey) were used. Sample size and sampling: Qualitative: FGD was conducted to assess the perceptions and practices of rural people related to TB. We conducted eight FGD, four each with men and women. It was held with the purposively selected men and women (8−12 members) from different socioeconomic strata. Quantitative: Probability proportional to size method was used to select 30 clusters from the villages of Thirubhuvani PHC. In each cluster, 12 households were selected by random walk method and head of the family who is assumed to act as decision maker in that household was interviewed using pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire. However, we could study the required sample as calculated, the final sample studied was 348.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Qualitative: As per the responses emerged from the FGD, four categories are symptoms and mode of transmission, treatment, problems faced, and others. The 12 codes emerged are symptoms, mode of spread, risk factors, availability, effect home remedies health system related, family and community, financial, advantages at government hospitals, media for awareness, and recommendation. Quantitative: Among the 348 people studied, 203 were male and 145 were female. The major source of information of TB received by the community was from family, friends, neighbors, and colleagues. We found that majority of them have correctly responded that weight loss (97.1%) and cough that lasts longer than 2 weeks (27.5%) as the symptoms of TB. However, they have also commented wrongly that rash as one the symptom (76.1%) of TB, the measures for preventing TB are by avoiding hand shaking (26.4) avoid sharing foods (74.7). Smokers and alcoholic are at-risk for TB infection. Most of the participants expressed that they will feel fear (95.1), sadness or hopelessness (94.8), embarrassment (96.8), shame (89.6), and surprise (65.2) if they have contacted TB. The participants also reported TB diagnosis and treatment are free of cost (95.1) and will approach health facility (96.8) if they had symptoms of TB. The 95% of them have informed that TB is curable and treatment is available at government hospital (97.7) and available free of cost (92.2).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Hen","PeriodicalId":369069,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116352247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Nipah virus (NiV) is a newly discovered zoonotic paramyxovirus that affects people and causes serious, frequently fatal respiratory and neurological conditions. Following an encephalitis outbreak among pig farmers in Malaysia and Singapore, the virus was initially identified, and subsequent outbreaks in Bangladesh or India took place virtually annually. Due to NiV’s high pathogenicity, the pandemic potential spread, and lack of licensed vaccines or therapeutics, research and development is needed to create highly sensitive and precise diagnostic tools, antivirals, and vaccines that will aid in preventing and controlling outbreak situations in the future.
{"title":"Recent advances in vaccines and therapeutics for Nipah virus","authors":"Abin V. Geevarghese, V. Christi","doi":"10.25259/gjhsr_2_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/gjhsr_2_2022","url":null,"abstract":"The Nipah virus (NiV) is a newly discovered zoonotic paramyxovirus that affects people and causes serious, frequently fatal respiratory and neurological conditions. Following an encephalitis outbreak among pig farmers in Malaysia and Singapore, the virus was initially identified, and subsequent outbreaks in Bangladesh or India took place virtually annually. Due to NiV’s high pathogenicity, the pandemic potential spread, and lack of licensed vaccines or therapeutics, research and development is needed to create highly sensitive and precise diagnostic tools, antivirals, and vaccines that will aid in preventing and controlling outbreak situations in the future.","PeriodicalId":369069,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"600 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123161238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
(1) The objectives of the study are as follows: To study serum zinc levels in patients with alopecia areata. (2) To study the correlation between serum zinc levels and severity of alopecia areata. A hospital-based and cross-sectional study was conducted in our out-patient Department of Dermatology and STD. All new cases of alopecia areata were included in this study. The patients with clinical features of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and other autoimmune disorders were excluded from the study. After obtaining a detailed history and examination and confirmation by hair pull test and dermoscopy, the severity of alopecia was graded by Severity of Alopecia Tool score and gauging score. Serum zinc levels of the patients were then measured by calorimetric method. A total of 88 cases who met the criteria were chosen. Majority of patients were between 20 and 40 years of age with a male preponderance. Patchy pattern of alopecia was the most common pattern noted with scalp being the most commonly involved site. Serum zinc was deficient in around 52.2% of cases. Most of the patients had mild alopecia areata. No significant association was noted between serum zinc levels and alopecia areata. Furthermore, there was no correlation between the severity of alopecia areata and serum zinc levels. In our study, no association was noted between serum zinc levels and alopecia areata. Furthermore, the severity of alopecia areata did not correlate with serum zinc levels.
{"title":"Does zinc have a role in alopecia areata? A clinic-biochemical study","authors":"Gowtham Saravanan, K. Kaliyaperumal","doi":"10.25259/gjhsr_8_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/gjhsr_8_2022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000(1) The objectives of the study are as follows: To study serum zinc levels in patients with alopecia areata. (2) To study the correlation between serum zinc levels and severity of alopecia areata.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A hospital-based and cross-sectional study was conducted in our out-patient Department of Dermatology and STD. All new cases of alopecia areata were included in this study. The patients with clinical features of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and other autoimmune disorders were excluded from the study. After obtaining a detailed history and examination and confirmation by hair pull test and dermoscopy, the severity of alopecia was graded by Severity of Alopecia Tool score and gauging score. Serum zinc levels of the patients were then measured by calorimetric method.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A total of 88 cases who met the criteria were chosen. Majority of patients were between 20 and 40 years of age with a male preponderance. Patchy pattern of alopecia was the most common pattern noted with scalp being the most commonly involved site. Serum zinc was deficient in around 52.2% of cases. Most of the patients had mild alopecia areata. No significant association was noted between serum zinc levels and alopecia areata. Furthermore, there was no correlation between the severity of alopecia areata and serum zinc levels.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In our study, no association was noted between serum zinc levels and alopecia areata. Furthermore, the severity of alopecia areata did not correlate with serum zinc levels.\u0000","PeriodicalId":369069,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128386648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：