Abstract A study was carried out on Lake Mielenko in Kartuzy. It is a small and shallow waterbody (7.8 ha, max. depth 1.8 m), whose morphometric conditions qualify it as a polymictic lake (the first lake in a river - lake system). Before the reclamation began, the lake was characterized by a high concentration of chlorophyll-a (16.4 mg m−3 in spring to 33 mg m−3 in summer) and low visibility. The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of the first stage of restoration of Lake Mielenko by phosphorus inactivation using a combination of aluminum and iron coagulants (PIX and PAX). After coagulant dosing into the lake, a significant decrease in chlorophyll-a was observed, which resulted in improving water transparency in the lake and decreasing concentrations of both nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus). The total concentration of nutrients was dominated by organic forms (constituting 71-95%). Maximum nutrient concentrations were 0.273±0.01 mg P L−1 and 5.52±0.1 mg N L-1 (in the summer period before the restoration activities were performed).
摘要在Kartuzy的Mielenko湖上进行了一项研究。它是一个小而浅的水体（7.8公顷，最大深度1.8米），其形态测量条件使其成为一个多成分湖泊（河湖系统中的第一个湖泊）。在开垦开始之前，该湖的特点是叶绿素a浓度高（春季16.4 mg m−3，夏季33 mg m−），能见度低。本研究的目的是确定使用铝和铁混凝剂（PIX和PAX）组合的磷灭活对Mielenko湖第一阶段恢复的影响。在向湖中投加混凝剂后，观察到叶绿素a显著降低，从而提高了湖中的水透明度，降低了两种营养物质（氮和磷）的浓度。营养物质的总浓度以有机形式为主（占71-95%）。最大养分浓度为0.273±0.01 mg P L−1和5.52±0.1 mg N L-1（在进行恢复活动之前的夏季）。
{"title":"Preliminary hydrochemical characteristics of an urban lake restored using a sequential application of iron and aluminum coagulants","authors":"A. Płachta","doi":"10.2478/limre-2021-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/limre-2021-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A study was carried out on Lake Mielenko in Kartuzy. It is a small and shallow waterbody (7.8 ha, max. depth 1.8 m), whose morphometric conditions qualify it as a polymictic lake (the first lake in a river - lake system). Before the reclamation began, the lake was characterized by a high concentration of chlorophyll-a (16.4 mg m−3 in spring to 33 mg m−3 in summer) and low visibility. The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of the first stage of restoration of Lake Mielenko by phosphorus inactivation using a combination of aluminum and iron coagulants (PIX and PAX). After coagulant dosing into the lake, a significant decrease in chlorophyll-a was observed, which resulted in improving water transparency in the lake and decreasing concentrations of both nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus). The total concentration of nutrients was dominated by organic forms (constituting 71-95%). Maximum nutrient concentrations were 0.273±0.01 mg P L−1 and 5.52±0.1 mg N L-1 (in the summer period before the restoration activities were performed).","PeriodicalId":36922,"journal":{"name":"Limnological Review","volume":"21 1","pages":"81 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41934138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Preventive and curative intervention become an imperative to encounter the recent dilemmas of lakes and its ecosystem, eutrophication, external contaminants load and the internal load and hydrological cycle disruption, lakes drought or flood as a result of the global warning are some of these dilemmas which mainly caused anthropogenic activities. At present, mechanical and chemical treatment approaches are the most popular applied techniques for lakes remediation with an escalating pace of biological methods are implemented as biomanipulation; which consider an efficient eco-technique. As experience has proven, desirable reclamation result is achieved by implementing combination of the restoration methods.
{"title":"Lakes restoration approaches","authors":"Mohammed Z. Alhamarna, R. Tandyrak","doi":"10.2478/limre-2021-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/limre-2021-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Preventive and curative intervention become an imperative to encounter the recent dilemmas of lakes and its ecosystem, eutrophication, external contaminants load and the internal load and hydrological cycle disruption, lakes drought or flood as a result of the global warning are some of these dilemmas which mainly caused anthropogenic activities. At present, mechanical and chemical treatment approaches are the most popular applied techniques for lakes remediation with an escalating pace of biological methods are implemented as biomanipulation; which consider an efficient eco-technique. As experience has proven, desirable reclamation result is achieved by implementing combination of the restoration methods.","PeriodicalId":36922,"journal":{"name":"Limnological Review","volume":"21 1","pages":"105 - 118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46801783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The main aim of this study was to assess what range of downstream low flow changes is caused by dam construction directly. An investigation was based on the assumption that the difference in change ratio of flow between gauging cross-sections located downstream and upstream position of dammed reservoir identifies the scope of changes determined by dam construction. Three dammed reservoirs located on Polish rivers were selected for analysis. They were different in size, hydrological regime and water management purposes. For each reservoir pair of water, gauges were selected. The input data were daily discharge series collected by the Polish Institute of Meteorology and Water Management. For each time series 20-year period before and after dam construction was established. Comparison of annual minimum flow ratios for these peri-ods as well as analysis of low flow dynamics and inertia allowed to identify range and direction of changes caused by investigated reservoirs.
{"title":"River minimum flow changes under dammed reservoir conditions","authors":"E. Tomaszewski","doi":"10.2478/limre-2021-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/limre-2021-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The main aim of this study was to assess what range of downstream low flow changes is caused by dam construction directly. An investigation was based on the assumption that the difference in change ratio of flow between gauging cross-sections located downstream and upstream position of dammed reservoir identifies the scope of changes determined by dam construction. Three dammed reservoirs located on Polish rivers were selected for analysis. They were different in size, hydrological regime and water management purposes. For each reservoir pair of water, gauges were selected. The input data were daily discharge series collected by the Polish Institute of Meteorology and Water Management. For each time series 20-year period before and after dam construction was established. Comparison of annual minimum flow ratios for these peri-ods as well as analysis of low flow dynamics and inertia allowed to identify range and direction of changes caused by investigated reservoirs.","PeriodicalId":36922,"journal":{"name":"Limnological Review","volume":"21 1","pages":"63 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44593805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Paul, Koushik Paul, R. Karmakar, Arnab Shee, D. Kumar, G. Aditya
Abstract The carnivorous snail Clea (Anentome) helena (von dem Busch, 1847) (Gastropoda: Nassariidae), commonly called as the “assassin snail” is sold worldwide including India for aesthetics and the ability to kill pest snails in aquaria. Assuming invasion as a fair possibility, the predation potential of C. helena on seven native freshwater snails was assessed. The exotic predator consumed all the native snail species provided in the experiment and prey consumption varied with the prey species identity, the prey density and the prey size class. Future colonization and establishment of C. helena in Indian freshwater ecosystems may reduce the abundance of the native gastropod snails, in absence of suitable intervention.
摘要食肉蜗牛Clea（Anentome）helena（von dem Busch，1847）（腹足目：Nassaridae），通常被称为“暗杀蜗牛”，因其美观性和杀死水族馆有害蜗牛的能力而在世界各地出售。假设入侵是一种公平的可能性，评估了C.helena对七种本地淡水蜗牛的捕食潜力。外来捕食者吃掉了实验中提供的所有本地蜗牛物种，猎物的消耗量随着猎物物种身份、猎物密度和猎物大小的不同而变化。在缺乏适当干预的情况下，未来在印度淡水生态系统中定居和建立C.helena可能会减少本地腹足类蜗牛的数量。
{"title":"The exotic gastropod Clea helena (von dem Busch, 1847) as a predator of freshwater gastropods: a threat to native biota in India?","authors":"P. Paul, Koushik Paul, R. Karmakar, Arnab Shee, D. Kumar, G. Aditya","doi":"10.2478/limre-2021-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/limre-2021-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The carnivorous snail Clea (Anentome) helena (von dem Busch, 1847) (Gastropoda: Nassariidae), commonly called as the “assassin snail” is sold worldwide including India for aesthetics and the ability to kill pest snails in aquaria. Assuming invasion as a fair possibility, the predation potential of C. helena on seven native freshwater snails was assessed. The exotic predator consumed all the native snail species provided in the experiment and prey consumption varied with the prey species identity, the prey density and the prey size class. Future colonization and establishment of C. helena in Indian freshwater ecosystems may reduce the abundance of the native gastropod snails, in absence of suitable intervention.","PeriodicalId":36922,"journal":{"name":"Limnological Review","volume":"21 1","pages":"55 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48423874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Z. Hafiane, H. Bouzaidi, N. Nouayti, L. Tahri, Mohamed El Jarmouni, Salahdine Didi, M. Fekhaoui
Abstract The industrialization of the agricultural sector increases the use of pesticides, which are composed of chemical substances, such as herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, and rodenticides, that are adapted to the control of undesirable plants and animals. All these phytosanitary products have varying degrees of toxicity, which risks human life. This study aimed to make an inventory of the pesticides used in the irrigated perimeter of Beni Moussa and Beni Aamir in the Beni Mellal-Khenifra region. The data collection through questionnaires took place between January and February 2016 and covered all the study areas. The questionnaires are focused on the mode of packaging management, sale and purchase of pesticides. The results demonstrated the existence of different pesticides and active substances used for crop protection in the region. Among 63 molecules, 14 active substances were detected, where the active substances are not approved by the world health organization, which considers it as carcinogenic substances. During phytosanitary treatments by farmers, these active substances come into direct contact with the soil, presenting a permanent risk to the environmental compartments, including groundwaters.
{"title":"Inventory: The pesticides application and its risk assessment in the irrigated perimeter of Tadla-Morocco","authors":"F. Z. Hafiane, H. Bouzaidi, N. Nouayti, L. Tahri, Mohamed El Jarmouni, Salahdine Didi, M. Fekhaoui","doi":"10.2478/limre-2021-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/limre-2021-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The industrialization of the agricultural sector increases the use of pesticides, which are composed of chemical substances, such as herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, and rodenticides, that are adapted to the control of undesirable plants and animals. All these phytosanitary products have varying degrees of toxicity, which risks human life. This study aimed to make an inventory of the pesticides used in the irrigated perimeter of Beni Moussa and Beni Aamir in the Beni Mellal-Khenifra region. The data collection through questionnaires took place between January and February 2016 and covered all the study areas. The questionnaires are focused on the mode of packaging management, sale and purchase of pesticides. The results demonstrated the existence of different pesticides and active substances used for crop protection in the region. Among 63 molecules, 14 active substances were detected, where the active substances are not approved by the world health organization, which considers it as carcinogenic substances. During phytosanitary treatments by farmers, these active substances come into direct contact with the soil, presenting a permanent risk to the environmental compartments, including groundwaters.","PeriodicalId":36922,"journal":{"name":"Limnological Review","volume":"21 1","pages":"15 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44399373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Levkevich, Aleksandr Buzuk, I. Kirvel, Sergey I. Parfomuk
Abstract The conditions of wind waves influence on the ground upper soil slopes of retaining structures and natural shores that are fixed in the form of reinforced concrete fastening with deformations are considered. The results of modeling the regime of intra-water currents and field surveys of artificial water bodies are shown. A criterion for assessing the stability of ground slopes and coastal slopes with reinforced concrete fastening with a broken structure is proposed and the conditions for its applicability are determined. Measures for engineering protection of the reservoir shores are proposed via using a criterion for the stability of fixed slopes Пк. It is assumed that at Пк ≥ 1 the slope profile with fastening plates deformed during operation acquires the contour of the dynamic equilibrium profile adopted for the calculated type of soil as a result of the destruction of the slope by waves.
{"title":"Deformations of upper soil slopes of retaining structures and shores with violated reinforced concrete fastening in riverbed reservoirs in Belarus","authors":"V. Levkevich, Aleksandr Buzuk, I. Kirvel, Sergey I. Parfomuk","doi":"10.2478/limre-2021-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/limre-2021-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The conditions of wind waves influence on the ground upper soil slopes of retaining structures and natural shores that are fixed in the form of reinforced concrete fastening with deformations are considered. The results of modeling the regime of intra-water currents and field surveys of artificial water bodies are shown. A criterion for assessing the stability of ground slopes and coastal slopes with reinforced concrete fastening with a broken structure is proposed and the conditions for its applicability are determined. Measures for engineering protection of the reservoir shores are proposed via using a criterion for the stability of fixed slopes Пк. It is assumed that at Пк ≥ 1 the slope profile with fastening plates deformed during operation acquires the contour of the dynamic equilibrium profile adopted for the calculated type of soil as a result of the destruction of the slope by waves.","PeriodicalId":36922,"journal":{"name":"Limnological Review","volume":"21 1","pages":"29 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46394606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdelwahab A. Afefe, A. Khedr, M. Abbas, A. Soliman
Abstract Due to the importance of mangrove forests to the ecological system, environment, climate change adaptation, mitigation and ecosystem services, it is necessary to understand the status of the mangroves in Egypt (ecology and physiology). The present study aimed to obtain the basic information needed to evaluate the photosynthetic pigments and proline mechanisms of Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata mangrove to the ambient salinity. The results reached that the free proline accumulated appreciably in leaves. The functional role of proline accumulation appears to be as a cytoplasmic osmoticum to lower cell water potential, provide hydration to bipolymer and serve as an energy source under high salinity environmental conditions. Mangroves showed variations in proline content between the two species. The highest value of proline was recorded 23.56 mg/g dry wt for R. mucronata and the minimum value was recorded 17 mg/g dry wt for A. marina. In addition, the mean value of proline was recorded 18.57 mg/g dry wt for A. marina and 23.98 mg/g dry wt for R. mucronata. The contents of chlorophyll-a in different analyzed mangroves was ranged from 4.46 to 6.05 mg/gf.wt. for A. marina, and from 3.69 to 4.29 mg/gf.wt. for R. mucronata. In addition, the chlorophyll-b content was ranged from 1.46 to 1.83 mg/gf.wt. for A. marina, and from 1.27 to 1.65 mg/gf.wt. for R. mucronata. The carotenoids contents in mangroves ranged from 2.94 to 2.29 mg/gf.wt for A. marina and from 2.04 to 2.09 mg/gf.wt for R. mucronata. In the present study, A. marina was relatively more tolerant and adapted to salinity, low rainfall and extreme temperature conditions than R. mucronata. This explains the more significant local distribution of A. marina in Egypt compared to R. mucronata.
{"title":"Responses and Tolerance Mechanisms of Mangrove Trees to the Ambient Salinity along the Egyptian Red Sea Coast","authors":"Abdelwahab A. Afefe, A. Khedr, M. Abbas, A. Soliman","doi":"10.2478/limre-2021-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/limre-2021-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Due to the importance of mangrove forests to the ecological system, environment, climate change adaptation, mitigation and ecosystem services, it is necessary to understand the status of the mangroves in Egypt (ecology and physiology). The present study aimed to obtain the basic information needed to evaluate the photosynthetic pigments and proline mechanisms of Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata mangrove to the ambient salinity. The results reached that the free proline accumulated appreciably in leaves. The functional role of proline accumulation appears to be as a cytoplasmic osmoticum to lower cell water potential, provide hydration to bipolymer and serve as an energy source under high salinity environmental conditions. Mangroves showed variations in proline content between the two species. The highest value of proline was recorded 23.56 mg/g dry wt for R. mucronata and the minimum value was recorded 17 mg/g dry wt for A. marina. In addition, the mean value of proline was recorded 18.57 mg/g dry wt for A. marina and 23.98 mg/g dry wt for R. mucronata. The contents of chlorophyll-a in different analyzed mangroves was ranged from 4.46 to 6.05 mg/gf.wt. for A. marina, and from 3.69 to 4.29 mg/gf.wt. for R. mucronata. In addition, the chlorophyll-b content was ranged from 1.46 to 1.83 mg/gf.wt. for A. marina, and from 1.27 to 1.65 mg/gf.wt. for R. mucronata. The carotenoids contents in mangroves ranged from 2.94 to 2.29 mg/gf.wt for A. marina and from 2.04 to 2.09 mg/gf.wt for R. mucronata. In the present study, A. marina was relatively more tolerant and adapted to salinity, low rainfall and extreme temperature conditions than R. mucronata. This explains the more significant local distribution of A. marina in Egypt compared to R. mucronata.","PeriodicalId":36922,"journal":{"name":"Limnological Review","volume":"21 1","pages":"3 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42047618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The article aims to present the methodology of estimating the atmospheric water exchange components in the lake. In the absence of direct precipitation and evaporation measurements, these water balance elements need to be estimated. However, the inadequate selection of precipitation and evaporation estimation methods causes the incorrect determination of the hydrological function of the lake and the effect it has on the formation of river drainage. Determination of the evaporation from the lake’s surface was based on the Davidov formula, which considered the monthly average surface temperature of a given lake. The saturated water vapour pressure under the lake’s monthly mean surface water temperature (TWP) was calculated according to ISO 13788 standard. The interpolation method, which is the inverse-distance deterministic method (IDW), was used to calculate precipitation reaching the lake surface. The calculations were made for three hydrological years diverse in terms of humidity and thermal conditions. The methodology for estimating the components of atmospheric water exchange was presented on a small river-lake system of the upper Gościcina River catchment, an example of a postglacial lake district area. The lake elements of this system are lobelia lakes, poorly known in terms of water circulation. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, unjustified activities regarding assessing the water circulation conditions in this river-lake system led to changes in water relations, causing environmental, financial and social losses.
{"title":"Estimation methodology and the significance of the atmospheric water exchange flux in the river-lake systems of selected lobelia lakes in the vicinity of the Tri-City in Poland","authors":"M. Markowski, Włodzimierz Golus","doi":"10.2478/limre-2021-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/limre-2021-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article aims to present the methodology of estimating the atmospheric water exchange components in the lake. In the absence of direct precipitation and evaporation measurements, these water balance elements need to be estimated. However, the inadequate selection of precipitation and evaporation estimation methods causes the incorrect determination of the hydrological function of the lake and the effect it has on the formation of river drainage. Determination of the evaporation from the lake’s surface was based on the Davidov formula, which considered the monthly average surface temperature of a given lake. The saturated water vapour pressure under the lake’s monthly mean surface water temperature (TWP) was calculated according to ISO 13788 standard. The interpolation method, which is the inverse-distance deterministic method (IDW), was used to calculate precipitation reaching the lake surface. The calculations were made for three hydrological years diverse in terms of humidity and thermal conditions. The methodology for estimating the components of atmospheric water exchange was presented on a small river-lake system of the upper Gościcina River catchment, an example of a postglacial lake district area. The lake elements of this system are lobelia lakes, poorly known in terms of water circulation. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, unjustified activities regarding assessing the water circulation conditions in this river-lake system led to changes in water relations, causing environmental, financial and social losses.","PeriodicalId":36922,"journal":{"name":"Limnological Review","volume":"21 1","pages":"43 - 54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44295070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This publication is to confirm the existence of a correlation between lakes under hydrometric supervision and unmonitored lakes using formulas for calculating thickness of ice cover observed on lakes located within the same physico-geographical unit. The article presented herein covers lakes located on the upper Radunia River in the central part of the Kashubian Lakeland. Lake Raduńskie Górne has been under constant hydrometric supervision of the Limnological Station of Gdańsk University for over 60 years. The study covers three spring lakes: Stężyckie, Bukrzyno Małe and Lubowisko. The cover thickness was measured during the period of 2003-2006 and in 2016. Analysing the measurement data gathered during field research and the data obtained from the station allowed formulas for calculating ice cover thickness to be established. The formulas were tested in 2016 with the use of the fieldwork data. The result confirmed that the formulas can be used to calculate thickness of ice cover with considerable accuracy.
{"title":"Formulas for calculating ice cover thickness on selected spring lakes on the upper Radunia (Kashubian Lakeland, northern Poland)","authors":"Katarzyna Barańczu, J. Barańczuk","doi":"10.2478/limre-2020-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/limre-2020-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This publication is to confirm the existence of a correlation between lakes under hydrometric supervision and unmonitored lakes using formulas for calculating thickness of ice cover observed on lakes located within the same physico-geographical unit. The article presented herein covers lakes located on the upper Radunia River in the central part of the Kashubian Lakeland. Lake Raduńskie Górne has been under constant hydrometric supervision of the Limnological Station of Gdańsk University for over 60 years. The study covers three spring lakes: Stężyckie, Bukrzyno Małe and Lubowisko. The cover thickness was measured during the period of 2003-2006 and in 2016. Analysing the measurement data gathered during field research and the data obtained from the station allowed formulas for calculating ice cover thickness to be established. The formulas were tested in 2016 with the use of the fieldwork data. The result confirmed that the formulas can be used to calculate thickness of ice cover with considerable accuracy.","PeriodicalId":36922,"journal":{"name":"Limnological Review","volume":"20 1","pages":"199 - 205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49150841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The indirect interactions among multiple prey sharing a common predator characterize apparent competition. In conservation biological control involving mosquitoes and controphic prey against generalist insect predators, apparent competition may be a crucial factor determining the extent of success. The possible influence of apparent competition on mosquito prey consumption by three water bugs (Heteroptera: Nepidae): Ranatra elongata, Ranatra filiformis, and Laccotrephes griseus was assessed under laboratory conditions. Tadpoles (Duttaphrynus melanostictus), chironomid larvae, snails (Racesina luteola) and fish fingerlings (Labeo rohita) were considered as alternative prey under two prey or multi prey conditions against instar IV larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus as target prey. Under two prey conditions all the predators exhibited a preference (significant Manly’s α) for mosquito larvae, against fish fingerlings by R. filiformis. In the presence of multiple prey, mosquito larvae were selected by the predators. Using the ratio of mosquito selectivity in two prey and multi-prey conditions as a measure of apparent competition, chironomid larvae had greatest effect in suppressing mosquito selectivity for R. elongata, and fish fingerlings for R. filiformis and L. griseus. It seems that the prey preference of R. elongata, R. filiformis and L. griseus may differentially evoke apparent competition among the prey. In the aquatic community where these predators and prey coexist, mosquito larvae may benefit from apparent competition that reduces their vulnerability to predators. The identity of the alternative prey appears to be an important factor for shielding the vulnerability of mosquito prey to the generalist insect predators.
{"title":"Alternative prey influence the predation of mosquito larvae by three water bug species (Heteroptera: Nepidae)","authors":"N. Saha, M. Kundu, G. Saha, G. Aditya","doi":"10.2478/limre-2020-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/limre-2020-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The indirect interactions among multiple prey sharing a common predator characterize apparent competition. In conservation biological control involving mosquitoes and controphic prey against generalist insect predators, apparent competition may be a crucial factor determining the extent of success. The possible influence of apparent competition on mosquito prey consumption by three water bugs (Heteroptera: Nepidae): Ranatra elongata, Ranatra filiformis, and Laccotrephes griseus was assessed under laboratory conditions. Tadpoles (Duttaphrynus melanostictus), chironomid larvae, snails (Racesina luteola) and fish fingerlings (Labeo rohita) were considered as alternative prey under two prey or multi prey conditions against instar IV larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus as target prey. Under two prey conditions all the predators exhibited a preference (significant Manly’s α) for mosquito larvae, against fish fingerlings by R. filiformis. In the presence of multiple prey, mosquito larvae were selected by the predators. Using the ratio of mosquito selectivity in two prey and multi-prey conditions as a measure of apparent competition, chironomid larvae had greatest effect in suppressing mosquito selectivity for R. elongata, and fish fingerlings for R. filiformis and L. griseus. It seems that the prey preference of R. elongata, R. filiformis and L. griseus may differentially evoke apparent competition among the prey. In the aquatic community where these predators and prey coexist, mosquito larvae may benefit from apparent competition that reduces their vulnerability to predators. The identity of the alternative prey appears to be an important factor for shielding the vulnerability of mosquito prey to the generalist insect predators.","PeriodicalId":36922,"journal":{"name":"Limnological Review","volume":"20 1","pages":"173 - 184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44833762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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